A high-low voltage power distribution cabinet intelligent cluster management and control system and control method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of power system automation and intelligent cluster operation and maintenance technology, and discloses an intelligent cluster management and control system and method for high and low voltage distribution cabinets. The system consists of a multi-source sensing module, an embedded edge processing unit, an intelligent cluster execution module, a dual-mode redundant communication unit, and a cloud-based cluster management and control platform. The multi-source sensing module collects electrical, contact temperature, internal environment, and mechanical status parameters of the distribution cabinet; the embedded edge processing unit realizes local real-time noise reduction, health assessment, and fault location, and supports autonomous operation during network outages; the intelligent cluster execution module is equipped with physical hardware interlocks, and can only trip when the fault location is valid and the circuit current is below the safety threshold, preventing tripping under load; the dual-mode redundant communication unit ensures redundant transmission between cabinets and the cloud; the cloud platform realizes centralized monitoring, remote pre-simulation, and collaborative management and control of multiple cabinets. This invention focuses on edge autonomy, cluster collaboration, and hardware interlocks to prevent malfunctions, achieving precise fault isolation, self-healing regulation, and safe operation and maintenance, improving power supply continuity. The solution is lightweight and easy to deploy, and is suitable for multi-cabinet centralized power distribution scenarios such as industry, data centers, and rail transit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power system automation and intelligent power distribution operation and maintenance technology. Specifically, it relates to an intelligent cluster management and control system and method for high and low voltage power distribution cabinets with multi-cabinet cluster collaboration, physical hardware interlocking to prevent malfunction, and lightweight edge autonomy. It is particularly suitable for industrial plants, data centers, rail transit, commercial complexes and other scenarios where multiple power distribution cabinets are centrally deployed and where there are high requirements for power supply reliability, operational safety and convenient operation and maintenance. Background Technology

[0002] The following technical defects are commonly found in existing high and low voltage power distribution systems: Each cabinet operates independently without cluster collaboration, making faults prone to escalation and maintenance fragmented. Incomplete perception dimensions, lack of critical status monitoring, and delayed fault detection; The tripping control is mostly based on software logic and lacks physical hardware interlocking, which can easily lead to safety accidents such as tripping under load. Remote operation lacks security verification, posing a high risk of accidental operation. The system is complex and costly to deploy, making it difficult to implement lightweight modifications. The protection scheme is specific and fixed, making it easy for competitors to circumvent it through design.

[0003] Existing technologies are mostly simple superpositions of "sensing + transmission + cloud", failing to form a tightly coupled technical solution of edge autonomy + cluster collaboration + physical hardware interlocking to prevent malfunctions. This makes it impossible to fundamentally solve core safety issues such as load-bearing power outages, power outages in non-faulty areas, and remote misoperation, resulting in narrow protection scope and difficulties in rights protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention Overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies, this paper provides a high- and low-voltage switchgear intelligent cluster management and control system and method that features broad protection scope, outstanding inventiveness, full disclosure, easy rights protection, and lightweight implementation, achieving the following: Single-cabinet edge autonomy ensures safe operation even during network outages; Multi-cabinet cluster collaboration improves overall power supply reliability; Physical hardware interlocks completely eliminate the risk of power outages under load. Graded fault self-healing reduces power outages and manual intervention; Remote operation with dual verification eliminates the risk of accidental operation; The plan outlines a high-level strategy to build a patent protection network that is difficult to circumvent.

[0005] Technical solution This invention consists of five core components, forming a complete security closed loop of perception, analysis, decision-making, execution, and cluster collaboration: 1. Multi-source sensing module (1) collects full-dimensional data such as electrical parameters, contact temperature, cabinet environment (temperature and humidity, insulating gas), cabinet door / switch status, and mechanical vibration, providing a complete basis for decision-making.

[0006] 2. Embedded edge processing unit (2) Lightweight and low power consumption design, local real-time data processing, health assessment, fault identification, millisecond-level decision support, does not rely on the cloud, and still runs safely even when the network is interrupted.

[0007] 3. Intelligent Cluster Execution Module (3) The partition tripping unit features physical hardware interlocking and dual-condition trigger tripping. Temperature control unit: automatically adjusts heat dissipation according to temperature; Cabinet door safety interlock unit: live interlock to prevent accidental opening.

[0008] 4. Dual-mode redundant communication unit (4) Automatic switching between wired and wireless dual links to ensure stable data transmission of the cluster.

[0009] 5. Cloud-based cluster management platform (5) Cluster monitoring, remote operation simulation, identity verification, and collaborative operation and maintenance.

[0010] Control method core process Data acquisition → Edge processing → Fault identification → Hierarchical execution (dual-condition hardware interlocking tripping) → Cluster synchronization → Cloud verification → Feedback and evidence storage Beneficial effects 1. Reasonable scope of protection: The upper-level code prevents adversaries from circumventing it by replacing sensors, chips, algorithms, or communication methods; 2. Outstanding creativity: The combination of edge autonomy, cluster collaboration, and physical hardware interlocking is an original one, not a simple overlay of existing technologies; 3. Extremely easy to protect rights: The core protection points are externally observable actions and physical hardware logic, and evidence can be obtained without disassembling the black box; 4. Absolute safety: Physical hardware interlocks prevent power outages under load from the source, and remote dual verification eliminates misoperation; 5. Lightweight implementation: Low power consumption, modular design, rapid modification, and adaptability to existing cabinets; 6. Continuous power supply: Precise isolation by zone ensures uninterrupted power supply in non-faulty areas; 7. High efficiency of cluster: Multi-cabinet linkage enables rapid fault suppression and significantly reduces operation and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 is a diagram showing the overall architecture and component connections of the intelligent cluster management and control system of the present invention; Figure 2 is a block diagram of the function of the embedded edge processing unit (2) and the hardware interlock of the intelligent cluster execution module (3); Figure 3 is a flowchart of the intelligent cluster control method of the present invention.

[0012] Unified Explanation of Reference Numerals in the Attached Drawings: (1) Multi-source Sensing Module; (11) Electrical Quantity Acquisition Component; (12) Non-contact Temperature Acquisition Component; (13) Cabinet In-situ Environment Monitoring Component; (14) Status Acquisition Component; (15) Mechanical Vibration Acquisition Component; (2) Embedded Edge Processing Unit; (21) Embedded Motherboard; (22) Hardware Acceleration Unit; (3) Intelligent Cluster Execution Module; (31) Partition Tripping Execution Unit; (311) Partition Tripping Component; (32) Temperature Control Component; (33) Heat Dissipation Execution Component; (34) Cabinet Door Safety Interlock Component; (35) Environmental Control Component; (4) Dual-mode Redundant Communication Unit; (41) Wired Communication Component; (42) Wireless Communication Component; (5) Cloud Cluster Management Platform; (51) Data Storage Unit; (52) Trend Analysis Unit; (53) Early Warning Unit; (54) Remote Management Unit; (55) (6) Virtual pre-drill unit; (7) Power distribution cabinet body; (8) On-site alarm device; (9) Operation and maintenance terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0013] Example 1: Lightweight Cluster Deployment Deploy this system in a power distribution cluster consisting of multiple high- and low-voltage switchgear: Each power distribution cabinet is equipped with a multi-source sensing module (1) to collect full-dimensional status data; Each cabinet is equipped with an embedded edge processing unit (2), which features low power consumption, small size, and quick installation; The intelligent cluster execution module (3) is connected to the original circuit breaker and equipped with a partition tripping and physical hardware interlocking circuit; Dual-mode redundant communication unit (4) forms a cluster network to realize data synchronization between cabinets; The cloud-based cluster management platform (5) enables centralized monitoring, remote operation simulation, and cluster collaboration.

[0014] This embodiment requires no cabinet replacement, is quick to modify, low in cost, and stable in operation, meeting the requirements for lightweight implementation.

[0015] Physical implementation of hardware interlock logic The hardware interlock logic of the partition tripping execution unit (31) is implemented through physical circuits rather than purely software judgment. Specifically, the embedded edge processing unit (2) outputs two independent control signals: one is a fault allow signal, indicating that the fault location is valid; the other is a current safety signal, indicating that the circuit current is lower than the preset safety threshold. Both signals are input to the physical AND gate circuit or the safety relay series circuit. Only when both signals are valid at the same time (high level / contact closed) can the drive power of the partition tripping component (311) be turned on to achieve tripping. Even if the embedded edge processing unit (2) experiences a software crash, program crash, or misjudgment, as long as the current detection circuit does not output the current safety signal, the physical circuit level still cannot turn on the tripping coil, thus eliminating the risk of tripping under load from the hardware source.

[0016] Definition and basis of preset safety threshold In this invention, the preset safety threshold is the upper limit of the safe current for the tripping operation, which is usually set to 1% to 10% of the rated current, preferably 5%. This threshold is not set arbitrarily, but is determined based on the arc characteristics of high-voltage electrical appliances: when the circuit current is lower than 5% of the rated current, the arc energy generated at the moment of tripping is extremely small, which is insufficient to cause contact erosion, damage to the insulation inside the cabinet, or personal injury. It is the optimal range that balances safety and response speed.

[0017] Example 2: Case Study of Dual-Condition Interlocking to Prevent Power Outages Under Load When the system identifies a fault trend in a certain loop: The embedded edge processing unit (2) outputs a valid fault location signal; The system monitors the loop current in real time, and the physical AND gate circuit is activated only when the current is 5% below the rated current (preset safety threshold). If the current is still under load, the hardware interlock logic forcibly blocks the tripping drive circuit, preventing tripping. Simultaneously, self-healing regulation is activated, and the circuit breaker is tripped after the current drops to a safe range, thus completing fault isolation.

[0018] This case demonstrates the core inventiveness of physical hardware interlocking, which can effectively prevent major safety accidents such as electric arcs and explosions, and has significant non-obviousness.

[0019] Example 3: Cluster Collaborative Self-Healing Case An abnormal temperature rise was observed in one of the cabinets: The local embedded edge processing unit (2) is identified as having a level 2 fault and initiates heat dissipation self-healing. The edge processing unit (2) broadcasts a "load reduction request" message to other cabinets in the cluster through the dual-mode redundant communication unit (4); After parsing the message, the edge unit of the adjacent cabinet automatically lowers the upper limit of output power, reduces load distribution, and reduces the power supply pressure on the faulty cabinet. The temperature of the faulty cabinet returned to normal within 15 minutes, and the self-healing was successful without power outage or manual intervention. Logs are recorded in the cloud and preventative maintenance suggestions are pushed out.

Claims

1. A high-low voltage power distribution cabinet intelligent cluster management and control system, comprising a sensing unit, a processing unit, an execution unit, a communication unit and a cloud management platform, characterized in that: The perception unit is a multi-source perception module (1) configured to collect electrical operation parameters, contact temperature parameters, cabinet environment parameters and mechanical state parameters of the power distribution cabinet; The processing unit is an embedded edge processing unit (2) configured to perform real-time denoising processing, equipment health assessment and fault type and location identification on the collected data, and output control decisions; The execution unit is an intelligent cluster execution module (3) including a partition tripping execution unit, a temperature control adjustment unit and a cabinet door safety interlocking unit; The partition tripping execution unit is configured with hardware interlocking logic, which is configured to allow the execution of the tripping operation only when both the fault positioning is valid and the corresponding loop current is lower than the preset safety threshold; The communication unit is a dual-mode redundant communication unit (4) configured to realize redundant data transmission between edge processing units and between edge processing units and a cloud management platform; The cloud management platform is a cloud cluster management and control platform (5) configured to realize multi-power distribution cabinet cluster state monitoring, remote operation verification and collaborative operation and maintenance management.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The multi-source perception module (1) includes: an electrical quantity acquisition assembly, a non-contact temperature acquisition assembly, an insulating gas monitoring assembly, a cabinet door and switch state acquisition assembly, and a mechanical vibration acquisition assembly.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein, The non-contact temperature acquisition assembly is a passive wireless temperature measurement sensor installed on the circuit breaker contact or the busbar lap joint position without external battery power supply.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein, The embedded edge processing unit (2) is a lightweight low-power embedded architecture supporting local independent closed-loop control, which does not affect the safe operation of the single cabinet when the network is interrupted.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein, The embedded edge processing unit (2) is configured to comprehensively evaluate the equipment health status and output the remaining use trend according to the contact temperature change characteristics, mechanical vibration characteristics and equipment operation frequency.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein, The dual-mode redundant communication unit (4) includes wired communication links and wireless communication links, supporting automatic link detection and seamless switching.

7. A high and low voltage power distribution cabinet intelligent cluster control method for the system of any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1. The multi-source perception module (1) synchronously acquires full-dimensional state data of the power distribution cabinet and transmits them to the embedded edge processing unit (2); S2. The embedded edge processing unit (2) performs denoising preprocessing on the data, completes the equipment health assessment and fault identification and positioning; S3. The embedded edge processing unit (2) outputs graded control instructions according to the fault level, wherein the tripping operation strictly executes double-condition hardware interlocking; S4. The embedded edge processing unit (2) synchronizes state information with other edge units in the same cluster to realize cluster collaborative protection; S5. The cloud cluster management and control platform (5) performs pre-verification of remote operation, issues instructions after verification and completes execution feedback.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The fault level is divided into three levels: first-level fault for performing precise partition isolation; second-level fault for starting self-healing adjustment, and upgrading to first-level fault if not recovered after timeout; third-level abnormality for only recording and pushing warning.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein, The cluster collaborative protection includes: automatically adjusting the operating parameters of the adjacent cabinets of the fault cabinet, sharing fault characteristics, and locking high-risk operations.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein, Before remote operation can be executed, both identity verification and virtual rehearsal must be completed. Only after the verification is passed can the operation be sent to the edge side for execution.

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