Multifunctional large-size two-way pressure adjustable experimental water tank

Abstract

The application provides a multifunctional large-size two-way pressure adjustable experimental water tank, and belongs to the technical field of ship and ocean engineering test. The problems of small size of the existing traditional pressure tank, inability to carry out large-scale scale model test, lack of effective data measurement means after being sealed, inability to synchronously capture physical phenomena and data in the test process, and single function of the space layout which cannot adapt to the ocean engineering test scene are solved. The water tank comprises a tank body, a tank cap and a base assembly. The tank body comprises an inner protective layer, a super-elastic interlayer and a tank outer wall which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside. A rotating support is arranged on the tank outer wall. The rotating support is hinged to a rotating arm and a hydraulic rod. The top end of the hydraulic rod is hinged to the rotating arm. The rotating arm is connected with the tank cap. A plurality of observation windows are arranged on the tank body and the tank cap. A flange plate is arranged on the tank body. The flange plate is used for penetrating the tank to connect a line, a pipeline or equipment. The base assembly is connected with the tank body. The water tank is mainly used for ocean engineering test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ship and marine engineering testing technology, and in particular relates to a multifunctional, large-size, bidirectional pressure-adjustable experimental water tank. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening development of deep-sea resources, ships and marine engineering equipment play an irreplaceable core role in energy development and marine scientific research. To comprehensively explore the complex dynamics of engineering equipment in the marine environment, the industry generally relies on scaled-down model tests to conduct relevant research. However, according to the similarity law of scaled-down model tests and the relevant requirements for equipment working environment simulation, such tests often need to be carried out in pressurized or depressurized underwater environments, which places stringent performance requirements on the pressure chamber equipment used in the tests.

[0003] Currently, traditional pressure chambers commonly used in the industry have many limitations in practical applications. First, the usable internal dimensions of existing pressure chambers are generally small, which cannot meet the needs of installing and conducting experiments on large-scale scale models, thus limiting the fidelity and accuracy of experimental research. Second, after being sealed, traditional pressure chambers lack comprehensive and effective data measurement methods, making it difficult to simultaneously capture and measure complex physical phenomena and various experimental data generated during the experiment, and thus failing to provide complete and accurate data support for research work. In addition, the internal spatial layout of conventional pressure chambers is relatively fixed, and the functional design is singular, making it unable to simultaneously adapt to various marine engineering experimental scenarios such as high-speed launch of a vessel, high-speed entry of a vessel into the water, and underwater explosions. Different experimental equipment needs to be replaced for different experiments, which significantly increases experimental costs and reduces the efficiency of scientific research.

[0004] Therefore, in order to carry out large-scale scaled model test research on various marine engineering projects in a convenient and efficient manner and fill the technological gaps of existing equipment, it is urgent to develop a test water tank with bidirectional pressure regulation capability, large internal space and multi-functional expansion performance to meet the diverse test requirements in the research and development of marine engineering equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a multifunctional, large-size, bidirectional pressure-adjustable experimental water chamber to solve the problems of existing traditional pressure chambers being too small to conduct large-scale scaled-down model tests, lacking effective data measurement methods after sealing to simultaneously capture physical phenomena and data during the test process, and having a fixed spatial layout and limited functions that cannot adapt to various marine engineering test scenarios such as high-speed entry and exit of vehicles into and out of water and underwater explosions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a multifunctional, large-size, bidirectional pressure-adjustable experimental water chamber, comprising a chamber body, a chamber cap, and a base assembly. The chamber body includes an inner protective layer, a super-elastic interlayer, and an outer wall arranged from the inside out. A hatch clamp is provided at the top of the outer wall, and a hydraulic tightening device is provided on the hatch clamp. A rotating support is provided on the outer wall, and the rotating support is hinged to a rotating arm and a hydraulic rod. The top of the hydraulic rod is hinged to the rotating arm, and the rotating arm is connected to the chamber cap. A chamber cap flange is provided below the chamber cap. The hydraulic tightening device pushes the hatch clamp to rotate, and the hatch clamp engages and seals with the chamber cap flange. Several observation windows are provided on both the chamber body and the chamber cap. A flange is provided on the chamber body, and the flange is used for connecting lines, pipes, or equipment through the chamber. The base assembly is connected to the chamber body.

[0007] Furthermore, the chamber is cylindrical in shape, with an elliptical bottom. The outer surface of the outer wall of the chamber is covered with reinforcing ribs that fit snugly, and the interior of the chamber is equipped with a screw base for connecting the testing device.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner protective layer is made of Q345 steel, the ultra-elastic interlayer is made of butyl rubber, and the outer wall of the cabin is made of 907 steel.

[0009] Furthermore, the base assembly includes a base bracket and a support plate. A plurality of the support plates are arranged circumferentially along the base bracket. The bottom of the support plate is welded and fixed to the base bracket. The upper part of the support plate is a concave arc shape, which is adapted to the reinforcing ribs of the elliptical bottom of the cabin.

[0010] Furthermore, ribs are connected between adjacent support plates. The bottom of the ribs is welded and fixed to the base bracket, and the two ends of the ribs are welded and fixed to the two adjacent support plates respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the base support has an octagonal structure with a hollowed-out center.

[0012] Furthermore, the rotating arm is provided with a first connecting hole, a second connecting hole, a third connecting hole and a fourth connecting hole. The rotating arm is connected to the hatch cap through the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole. The rotating arm is hinged to the top of the hydraulic rod through the third connecting hole. The rotating arm is hinged to the rotating support through the fourth connecting hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the cabin has a diameter of 3.5 m and a total height of 6 m.

[0014] Furthermore, there are a total of six observation windows, four of which are located on the hull and the other two on the hatch.

[0015] Furthermore, the cap is provided with a pressure regulating hole and a water inlet / outlet hole.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention effectively solves the problem of small usable size inside traditional pressure chambers and inability to carry out large-scale scaled model tests by means of a large-size chamber structure and a bidirectional pressure adjustable overall design. The bidirectional pressure adjustable range inside the chamber is large, which can meet the bidirectional dynamic pressure regulation strength requirements of 2500 kPa positive pressure and 4 kPa negative pressure. The internal space of the chamber is sufficient, and different screw bases are set inside the chamber, which can be used to expand and fix different test devices according to test requirements. The internal expandability is strong, which can meet the test requirements of a large range of different scaled models, and greatly improve the reproduction and accuracy of scaled model tests.

[0017] This invention achieves convenient opening and closing and reliable sealing of the test chamber through a hydraulically driven hatch opening and closing structure and an interlocking clamp sealing design. The hatch opening and closing function is realized by a hydraulic system that can withstand large loads. In conjunction with a hydraulic tightening device, the hatch clamp rotates and engages with the hatch flange for sealing, resulting in excellent chamber airtightness. This allows for efficient and convenient opening and closing of the chamber, significantly simplifying the test preparation process and effectively improving test efficiency. Simultaneously, the chamber adopts a three-layer composite structure design, consisting of an inner protective layer, a super-elastic interlayer, and an outer wall, arranged sequentially from the inside out. Combined with reinforcing ribs distributed along the outer wall, this design fully ensures the structural strength of the test chamber. The super-elastic interlayer also effectively absorbs impact energy and noise during the test, making it better suited for test scenarios with impact loads.

[0018] This invention solves the problems of traditional pressure chambers lacking effective and extensive measurement methods and unable to simultaneously capture complex physical phenomena and experimental data after being sealed, through the matching design of multi-position observation windows and multi-purpose expansion flanges. The test chamber has six observation windows on the chamber body and cap, which can be used to observe the complex physical phenomena of the test process from multiple angles by placing a high-speed camera. At the same time, several flanges are arranged on the surface of the test chamber, which have multi-channel watertight through-chamber communication expansion function. Depending on the test type, they can be adapted to the communication requirements of multi-physics field observation and testing systems, and can be expanded and replaced with aviation plug through-chamber flanges, power supply aviation plugs, connecting valves, blind flange seals, etc., for laying signal cables, sensor lines, power supply lines, gas-injecting nuclear pipelines, regulating valves, pressure gauges, etc. through the chamber. This realizes the synchronous measurement of various data such as model load and dynamic response in a sealed environment, providing comprehensive and accurate data support for experimental research.

[0019] The overall structural design of this invention combines versatility and multi-functional adaptability, effectively solving the problems of traditional pressure chambers having fixed internal spatial layouts, limited functions, and inability to simultaneously adapt to various marine engineering test scenarios. This test chamber can provide bidirectional environmental pressure and underwater test environments with either high positive or high negative pressure, simultaneously meeting the usage requirements of multiple test scenarios such as high-speed launch of a vehicle, high-speed entry of a vehicle into the water, and underwater explosions. It eliminates the need to replace specialized test equipment for different tests, effectively reducing test costs and broadening its application range. Furthermore, the base assembly of this invention adopts an octagonal hollow base bracket, combined with circumferentially arranged support plates and ribs, which not only stably supports and fixes the test chamber body but also effectively reduces tank vibration during testing, ensuring the stability of the test process and further improving the reliability of test data, thus possessing significant practical engineering value. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multifunctional, large-size, bidirectional pressure-adjustable experimental water tank according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cabin structure described in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hatch structure described in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating arm structure described in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hatch clamp structure described in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the base support structure described in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the base assembly structure described in this invention.

[0021] In the picture: 1-Outer wall of the cabin, 2-Super-elastic interlayer, 3-Inner protective layer, 4-Reinforcing rib, 5-Hatch cap, 6-Hatch cap flange, 7-Rotating arm, 8-Rotating support, 9-Hydraulic rod, 10-Hatch clamp, 11-Hydraulic tightening device, 12-Observation window, 13-Flange, 14-Base bracket, 15-Support plate, 16-Rib plate, 17-First connecting hole, 18-Second connecting hole, 19-Third connecting hole, 20-Fourth connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0023] See Figure 1-7 This embodiment describes a multifunctional, large-size, bidirectional pressure-adjustable experimental water tank, which includes a tank body, a cap 5, and a base assembly. The overall structure can meet the usage requirements of large-scale scaled-down model tests in the field of shipbuilding and marine engineering, and can be adapted to various underwater test scenarios under pressurized or depressurized environments. The chamber is the main load-bearing structure of the experimental water tank, including an inner protective layer 3, a super-elastic interlayer 2, and an outer wall 1 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. A hatch clamp 10 is provided at the top of the outer wall 1, and a hydraulic tightening device 11 is provided on the hatch clamp 10. A rotating support 8 is provided on the outer wall 1, and the rotating support 8 is hinged to a rotating arm 7 and a hydraulic rod 9. The top of the hydraulic rod 9 is hinged to the rotating arm 7, and the rotating arm 7 is connected to the hatch cap 5. A hatch cap flange 6 is provided below the hatch cap 5. The hydraulic tightening device 11 pushes the hatch clamp 10 to rotate, and the hatch clamp 10 engages and seals with the hatch cap flange 6. Several observation windows 12 are provided on both the chamber and the hatch cap 5. A flange 13 is provided on the chamber, and the flange 13 is used to connect lines, pipes, or equipment through the chamber. The base assembly is connected to the chamber, providing stable support and fixation for the chamber.

[0024] The chamber is cylindrical with an elliptical bottom, measuring 3.5m in diameter and 6m in height. Its overall structure meets the requirements for bidirectional dynamic pressure regulation at a positive pressure of 2500kPa (250m water depth) and a negative pressure of 4kPa, adapting to the test space needs of large-scale scaled-down models. The outer surface of the chamber's outer wall 1 is uniformly covered with fitted reinforcing ribs 4 to further enhance the overall structural strength. The interior of the chamber features screw-in bases for connecting test devices, allowing for the expansion and fixation of different test devices according to experimental needs, providing strong internal configuration and expansion capabilities. The chamber employs a three-layer composite structure design: the inner protective layer 3 is made of Q345 steel, the ultra-elastic interlayer 2 is made of butyl rubber, and the outer wall 1 is made of 907 steel. The ultra-elastic interlayer 2 effectively absorbs impact energy and noise during testing, making it suitable for test scenarios with impact loads, such as underwater explosions and high-speed entry and exit of vehicles into water. Simultaneously, the three-layer structure, combined with the reinforcing ribs 4, ensures structural strength while improving the chamber's safety and environmental adaptability. The outer wall 1 of the cabin is also provided with several round holes, which are used to install observation windows 12 and flanges 13, respectively, to provide a structural basis for observation and data measurement during the test.

[0025] The hatch cap 5 is elliptical in shape, fitting the opening at the top of the chamber. The surface of the hatch cap 5 has circular holes; the larger hole is used to install the observation window 12, while the smaller holes are pressure regulating holes and water inlet / outlet holes, used for adjusting the pressure inside the chamber and adding / removing water during the test. The hatch cap flange 6 is fixed to the outer ring of the hatch cap 5 to achieve a sealed fit with the chamber. The opening and closing of the hatch cap 5 is achieved through a hydraulically driven linkage mechanism. One side of the rotating support 8 is hinged to the rotating arm 7 and the hydraulic rod 9, while the other side has a threaded hole, through which it is screwed to the outer wall 1 of the chamber, providing stable support for the entire opening and closing mechanism. The rotating arm 7 has a first connecting hole 17, a second connecting hole 18, a third connecting hole 19, and a fourth connecting hole 20. The rotating arm 7 is fixedly connected to the hatch 5 via the first connecting hole 17 and the second connecting hole 18, using lifting lugs. It is hinged to the top of the hydraulic rod 9 via the third connecting hole 19 and to the rotating support 8 via the fourth connecting hole 20. The head and middle of the rotating arm 7 are fixed to the hatch 5 via the lifting lugs, and the tail is hinged to the rotating support 8 and can rotate around this hinge point. In actual use, the hydraulic rod 9 extends or retracts, which drives the rotating arm 7 to rotate around the hinge point of the fourth connecting hole 20, thereby driving the hatch 5 to complete the opening and closing action. This hydraulic drive structure can withstand a large load and can efficiently and conveniently realize the opening and closing of the hatch, greatly simplifying the test preparation process and improving the test efficiency.

[0026] The seal between the chamber and the hatch 5 is achieved through a meshing clamp structure. The hatch clamp 10 is fitted onto the top of the outer wall 1 of the chamber. One end of the hydraulic tightening device 11 is welded and fixed to the outer wall 1 of the chamber, and the other end is connected to the hatch clamp 10. The inner ring of the hatch clamp 10 has evenly distributed teeth that can engage with the hatch flange 6. When the hatch 5 is closed in place, the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic tightening device 11 extends and retracts, pushing the hatch clamp 10 to rotate, so that the teeth of the inner ring of the hatch clamp 10 engage with the hatch flange 6, thereby achieving a reliable seal of the test chamber and ensuring that the chamber maintains good sealing performance under both positive and negative pressure environments, providing a stable pressure environment for the test.

[0027] This experimental water chamber utilizes multiple observation windows 12 and expandable flanges 13 to achieve full-dimensional observation and simultaneous measurement of various data types during the experimental process. There are six observation windows 12 in total, four located in the lower middle part of the chamber and the other two on the chamber cap 5. By placing high-speed cameras at corresponding positions on the observation windows 12, complex physical phenomena during the experimental process can be observed from multiple angles, capturing key moments and solving the problem of incomplete observation of the experimental process after the traditional pressure chamber is sealed. Several flanges 13 are distributed on the outer wall 1 of the chamber and can be expanded and replaced with different functional accessories such as aviation plug through-chamber flanges, power supply connectors, connecting valves, and blind flange seals to adapt to different experimental needs. Specifically, they can be used for laying signal cables, sensor lines, power supply lines, gas-injecting nuclear pipelines, regulating valves, pressure gauges, and other lines and pipelines through the chamber. It has multi-channel watertight through-chamber communication expansion capabilities and can adapt to the communication needs of multi-physics field observation and testing systems according to the experimental type, enabling simultaneous measurement of various data such as model loads and dynamic responses in a sealed environment, providing comprehensive and accurate data support for experimental research.

[0028] The base assembly provides stable support for the entire experimental water tank and includes a base bracket 14, support plates 15, and ribs 16. The base bracket 14 is an octagonal structure, welded from several channel steels of Q345 steel, with a hollowed-out design in the middle. This design effectively saves material and reduces the overall weight of the equipment while ensuring structural support strength. Multiple support plates 15 are arranged circumferentially along the base bracket 14. In this embodiment, there are eight support plates 15, each welded to the channel steel of the base bracket 14. The bottom of the support plates 15 is welded and fixed to the base bracket 14. The upper part of the support plates 15 is a concave arc shape, which matches the reinforcing ribs 4 at the elliptical bottom of the tank, thus providing stable support and fixing to the experimental tank. Ribs 16 are connected between adjacent support plates 15. In this embodiment, there are eight ribs 16. The bottom of the ribs 16 is welded to the base bracket 14, and the two ends are welded and fixed to the two adjacent support plates 15 respectively. This can effectively prevent the support plates 15 from bending, and at the same time reduce the vibration generated by the tank during the test, ensure the stability of the test process, and further improve the reliability of the test data.

[0029] In actual use, before the experiment begins, the corresponding experimental and testing devices can be arranged inside the tank according to the experimental purpose. Based on the observation and data measurement requirements of the experiment, the function of flange 13 is designed and arranged to complete the pre-experiment preparation. Then, the rotating arm 7 is driven to rotate by hydraulic rod 9, which drives the hatch cap 5 to close. Then, the hatch clamp 10 is driven to rotate by hydraulic tightening device 11, which engages with the hatch cap flange 6 to complete the sealing of the tank. Finally, according to the experimental purpose, the tank is pressurized or depressurized through the pressure regulating hole on the hatch cap 5 to simulate the corresponding marine environmental pressure and carry out corresponding experimental research.

[0030] This experimental water tank can provide a dual-pressure environment with high positive or high negative pressure and a stable underwater testing environment, which can meet the testing needs of a wide range of different scale models. It has a wide range of applications and can be adapted to multiple test scenarios such as high-speed water exit of the vehicle, high-speed water entry of the vehicle, and underwater explosion. There is no need to change the special test equipment for different tests, which effectively reduces the test cost and has high practical engineering significance.

[0031] The specific embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional large-size two-way pressure-adjustable experimental water tank, characterized in that: It includes a cabin, a hatch (5), and a base assembly. The cabin includes an inner protective layer (3), a super-elastic interlayer (2), and an outer wall (1) arranged from the inside out. A hatch clamp (10) is provided at the top of the outer wall (1), and a hydraulic tightening device (11) is provided on the hatch clamp (10). A rotating support (8) is provided on the outer wall (1), and the rotating support (8) is hinged to a rotating arm (7) and a hydraulic rod (9). The top of the hydraulic rod (9) is connected to the rotating arm (7). 7) Hinged, the rotating arm (7) is connected to the hatch cap (5), and a hatch cap flange (6) is provided below the hatch cap (5). The hydraulic tightening device (11) pushes the hatch clamp (10) to rotate, and the hatch clamp (10) engages and seals with the hatch cap flange (6). Several observation windows (12) are provided on both the hatch body and the hatch cap (5). A flange (13) is provided on the hatch body. The flange (13) is used to connect lines, pipelines or equipment through the hatch. The base assembly is connected to the hatch body.

2. The multifunctional, large-size, bidirectional pressure-adjustable experimental water chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cabin is cylindrical in shape, with an elliptical bottom. The outer surface of the outer wall (1) of the cabin is covered with reinforcing ribs (4) that fit snugly. The cabin is equipped with a screw base for connecting the test device inside.

3. The multi-functional large-sized two-way pressure-adjustable experimental water tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner protective layer (3) is made of Q345 steel, the super-elastic interlayer (2) is made of butyl rubber, and the outer wall of the cabin (1) is made of 907 steel.

4. The multi-functional large-sized two-way pressure-adjustable experimental water tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base assembly includes a base bracket (14) and a support plate (15). A plurality of the support plates (15) are arranged circumferentially along the base bracket (14). The bottom of the support plate (15) is welded and fixed to the base bracket (14). The upper part of the support plate (15) is a concave arc shape, which is adapted to the reinforcing rib (4) at the bottom of the elliptical cabin.

5. The multi-functional large-sized two-way pressure-adjustable experimental water tank according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rib (16) is connected between adjacent support plates (15). The bottom of the rib (16) is welded and fixed to the base bracket (14), and the two ends of the rib (16) are welded and fixed to the two adjacent support plates (15) respectively.

6. The multi-functional large-sized two-way pressure-adjustable experimental water tank according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base support (14) has an octagonal structure with a hollowed-out center.

7. The multi-functional large-sized two-way pressure-adjustable experimental water tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating arm (7) is provided with a first connecting hole (17), a second connecting hole (18), a third connecting hole (19) and a fourth connecting hole (20). The rotating arm (7) is connected to the hatch (5) through the first connecting hole (17) and the second connecting hole (18). The rotating arm (7) is hinged to the top of the hydraulic rod (9) through the third connecting hole (19). The rotating arm (7) is hinged to the rotating support (8) through the fourth connecting hole (20).

8. The multi-functional large-sized two-way pressure-adjustable experimental water tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cabin has a diameter of 3.5 m and a total height of 6 m.

9. The multi-functional large-sized two-way pressure-adjustable experimental water tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are six observation windows (12), four of which are located on the hull and the other two are located on the hatch (5).

10. A multifunctional, large-size, bidirectional pressure-adjustable experimental water chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cap (5) is provided with a pressure regulating hole and a water inlet / outlet hole.

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