An automatic feeding and quantitative packaging production equipment for a cultivation substrate

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cultivation substrate automatic feeding and quantitative packaging production equipment, including rack, chain plate lifting conveyor and metering bagging machine are sequentially arranged with along the material flow direction of cultivation substrate in rack, metering bagging machine is matched with bag storage and bag taking station, the discharge end of metering bagging machine is connected with transfer conveyor;Bag storage and bag taking station include at least two movable bag storage positions and a drive mechanism for driving the bag storage positions to reciprocate between the initial station and the bag taking station, the metering bagging machine includes a storage bin, a bagging assembly, a bag grabbing device, a jaw assembly, and a quantitative filling assembly.The application realizes the automation of the whole process of cultivation substrate packaging through integrated architecture design, and a single device can replace multiple operators to complete the whole process operation, greatly reducing labor costs, while eliminating the efficiency fluctuations caused by human fatigue and improving the efficiency of large-scale production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a production equipment for automatic feeding and quantitative packaging of cultivation substrate. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most production units still rely on purely manual labor in the packaging and production of cultivation substrates. Operators must manually perform a series of repetitive tasks, including taking bags, opening bags, shoveling material, weighing, filling bags, and transferring materials. This method is inherently labor-intensive, inefficient, and costly. With the increasing structural shortage of rural labor, the limitations of manual labor are becoming increasingly apparent. More importantly, the measurement accuracy of manual bagging is difficult to control consistently, relying entirely on the operator's experience and sense of responsibility. This can easily lead to large deviations in the weight of individual bags, directly affecting the uniformity of subsequent sowing or cultivation operations and hindering the standardization and large-scale production of cultivation substrates. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a production equipment for automatic feeding and quantitative packaging of cultivation substrate.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: an automatic feeding and quantitative packaging production equipment for cultivation substrate, including a frame, a chain plate lifting conveyor and a metering bagging machine arranged sequentially on the frame and along the material flow direction of the cultivation substrate, the metering bagging machine is equipped with a bag storage and bag retrieval station, and the discharge end of the metering bagging machine is connected to a transfer conveyor. The bag storage and retrieval station includes at least two movable bag storage positions and a drive mechanism for driving the bag storage positions to reciprocate between the initial station and the bag retrieval station, so that each bag storage position can alternately enter the bag retrieval station to achieve continuous bag supply. The chain plate lifting conveyor includes a feeding hopper, a chain plate with vertical baffles, and a material-pushing plate; the chain plate is arranged along the lifting direction, and the material-pushing plate is set on the feeding hopper to scrape off and level the material on the chain plate to even out the conveying flow rate; the discharge end of the chain plate lifting conveyor is connected to the storage hopper of the metering and bagging machine. The metering bagging machine includes a storage hopper, a bag-covering assembly, a bag-grabbing device, a gripper assembly, and a quantitative filling assembly. The storage hopper is equipped with a mixing assembly to disperse materials and prevent bridging. The bag-grabbing device is located above the bag-grabbing station. The bag-covering assembly is used to open empty bags and cover them onto the outside of the storage hopper's outlet. The gripper assemblies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outlet to clamp and secure the bag openings after covering. The quantitative filling assembly includes a feeding component and a gate mechanism. The gate mechanism is slidably positioned at the outlet to control the quantitative feeding of materials. Transfer conveyors are used to receive bagged material bags and transport them to subsequent processes.

[0005] Furthermore, the bag storage and retrieval station includes a first bag storage position, a second bag storage position, a first drive cylinder, a second drive cylinder, a linear guide rail, and a photoelectric sensor; Both the first and second bag storage positions are slidably mounted on a linear guide rail via sliders. The piston rod of the first drive cylinder is connected to the first bag storage position, and the piston rod of the second drive cylinder is connected to the second bag storage position. A photoelectric sensor is set at the bag retrieval station to detect the remaining amount of empty bags in the storage position. The first drive cylinder, the second drive cylinder, and the photoelectric sensor are all electrically connected to the equipment controller, which controls the two bag storage positions to alternately switch to the bag retrieval station.

[0006] Furthermore, the bag-grabbing device includes a lifting cylinder, a horizontal guide frame cylinder, and a bag gripper; The horizontal guide frame cylinder is mounted on the lifting cylinder via a mounting plate. The lifting cylinder drives the horizontal guide frame cylinder to move up and down in the vertical direction by extending and retracting. The horizontal guide frame cylinder drives the bag gripper to move horizontally back and forth by extending and retracting. The lifting cylinder is fixed on the frame. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder is connected to the cylinder body of the horizontal guide frame cylinder through a connecting plate. The end of the piston rod of the horizontal guide frame cylinder is fixed with a bag gripper. The bag gripper is used to grab empty bags and transfer them to the bag placement station of the metering bagging machine.

[0007] Furthermore, the bagging assembly includes a rotary drive cylinder, a rotary fixed shaft, a bag-pulling cylinder, a bag-pulling bracket, an opening cylinder, an opening device, and an opening device; The rotating fixed shaft is rotatably mounted on the frame, and the piston rod of the rotating drive cylinder is drivenly connected to the rotating fixed shaft; the cylinder body of the bag pulling cylinder is fixed to the rotating fixed shaft, and the piston rod is drivenly connected to the bag pulling bracket; the cylinder body of the opening cylinder is fixed to the bag pulling bracket, and the piston rod is drivenly connected to the opening device; the opening device is equipped with two sets of opening devices corresponding to each other, which are used to clamp the single-layer bag wall of the empty bag to achieve layered opening.

[0008] Furthermore, the gripper assembly includes two sets of clamping cylinders and grippers symmetrically arranged on both sides of the discharge port; The cylinder body of the clamping cylinder is fixed to the frame. The piston rod of the clamping cylinder is connected to the gripper via a transmission. The gripper is used to press and fix the bag opening to the outer wall of the discharge port.

[0009] Furthermore, the mixing assembly includes a mixing roller, which is rotatably mounted inside the storage silo to break up and prevent arching of the cultivation substrate inside the storage silo.

[0010] Furthermore, the gate mechanism includes a pull-out cylinder, a cylinder mounting base, and a gate; the cylinder mounting base is fixed to the side wall of the discharge port, the cylinder body of the pull-out cylinder is fixed to the cylinder mounting base, the piston rod of the pull-out cylinder is fixedly connected to the gate, and the gate is slidably assembled along the discharge port channel to realize the rapid opening and closing of the discharge port.

[0011] Furthermore, the quantitative filling assembly also includes a weighing unit and a lifting conveyor; The weighing and metering unit is electrically connected to the feeding component and the gate mechanism to control the quantitative conveying of materials; the lifting conveyor is located directly below the discharge port, and its conveying surface can be vertically lifted to support the bottom of the empty bag and transport the bag to the transfer conveyor after the bag is filled.

[0012] Furthermore, a material level sensor is installed inside the storage silo. The material level sensor is electrically connected to the control terminal of the chain conveyor and is used to control the chain conveyor to stop feeding when the material in the storage silo reaches a preset high level.

[0013] Furthermore, the equipment also integrates a central control system. The bag storage and retrieval stations, chain conveyor, metering bagging machine, and transfer conveyor are all electrically connected to the central control system to achieve fully automated continuous operation.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides an automatic feeding and quantitative packaging production equipment for cultivation substrates: (1) This invention integrates the bag storage and bag retrieval station, chain plate lifting conveyor, metering bagging machine and transfer conveyor into the same unit through integrated architecture design, realizing the automated continuous operation of the entire process of cultivation substrate packaging. A single device can replace multiple operators to complete the entire process, greatly reducing labor costs, eliminating efficiency fluctuations caused by human fatigue, and significantly improving the efficiency of large-scale production. (2) The present invention achieves seamless switching between the two bag storage positions in bag supply operation and offline bag replenishment state through the dual bag storage position alternating bag supply structure, so that the bag picking station always has a continuous supply of empty bags, realizes the parallel operation of bag supply and bag replenishment in time and space, solves the problem that the existing equipment needs to stop production to replenish bags, and ensures the stability of continuous operation of the equipment. (3) This invention uses the chain plate with vertical baffle of the chain plate lifting conveyor and the adjustable material feeding plate to realize the online uniformity pretreatment of material flow during the lifting process, and solves the metering deviation problem caused by uneven material flow from the source; at the same time, the mixing component in the storage bin disperses the material to prevent arching, and with the rapid opening and closing of the gate mechanism and the closed-loop control of the weighing and metering unit, the bagging weight error is controlled within a very small range, improving the product standardization level and laying the foundation for subsequent automated sowing and cultivation operations; (4) This invention achieves fully automated operation of empty bag grabbing, layered bag opening, rotating bagging, and bag mouth clamping and fixing through the coordinated cooperation of the bagging component and the gripper component, which greatly improves the success rate and stability of bagging operation and effectively avoids the problems of insufficient bag opening and bag falling off; at the same time, the whole process is programmed control through the overall control system, and each functional module works in coordination. The equipment is easy to operate, and ordinary operators can complete the operation and daily maintenance after simple training. It is suitable for the production needs of various formula cultivation substrates and different specifications of packaging bags, and has a wide range of applications. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bag storage and bag retrieval station structure in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the chain plate lifting conveyor structure in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the metering and bagging machine structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a side view of the metering and bagging machine in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bag-grabbing device in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bagging assembly structure in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the gate mechanism structure in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the transfer conveyor structure in this invention; Figures 1 to 9 The reference numerals in the attached drawings represent: 1-bag storage and retrieval station, 2-chain plate lifting conveyor, 3-metering bagging machine, 4-transfer conveyor; 11-First storage bag position, 12-Second storage bag position, 13-First drive cylinder, 14-Second drive cylinder, 16-Linear guide rail; 21-Feeding bin, 22-Chain plate, 23-Pulling plate; 31-Storage bin, 32-Bag gripping device, 33-Bag placement station, 34-Bag assembly, 35-Gripper assembly, 36-Lifting conveyor, 37-Feeding component, 38-Agitating roller, 39-Gate mechanism, 311-Level sensor; 321-Lifting cylinder, 322-Horizontal cylinder with guide frame, 323-Bag gripper; 341-Rotary drive cylinder, 342-Rotary fixed shaft, 343-Pull bag cylinder, 344-Pull bag bracket, 345-Opening cylinder, 346-Opening device, 347-Opening tool; 391-Pull-out cylinder, 392-Cylinder mounting base, 393-Gate. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0017] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, an automatic feeding and quantitative packaging production equipment for cultivation substrate includes a frame, a chain plate lifting conveyor 2, a metering bagging machine 3, and a bag storage and retrieval station 1 that cooperates with the metering bagging machine 3, all arranged sequentially on the frame along the material flow direction of the cultivation substrate. A transfer conveyor 4 is used to receive the bagged material bags and transport them to subsequent processes. The transfer conveyor 4 is horizontally fixed to the discharge end of the frame, and the inlet end of the transfer conveyor 4 is connected to the discharge end of the lifting conveyor 36. It is used to receive the bagged material bags and horizontally transport the material bags to subsequent processes to complete the entire packaging operation process.

[0018] The frame provides installation support for all components of the equipment. The frame is made of welded steel to ensure the structural stability of the equipment during operation.

[0019] The discharge end of the metering bagging machine 3 is connected to a transfer conveyor 4. The equipment also integrates a central control system. The bag storage and retrieval station 1, the chain plate lifting conveyor 2, the metering bagging machine 3, and the transfer conveyor 4 are all electrically connected to the central control system to achieve fully automated continuous operation. The central control system has a built-in programmable logic controller and can use a single-chip microcomputer or PLC control system to preset operating parameters and control the action sequence of each component to achieve fully automated continuous operation.

[0020] The bag storage and retrieval station 1 is used for the automatic and continuous supply of empty bags. It includes at least two movable bag storage positions and a drive mechanism for driving the bag storage positions to reciprocate between the initial station and the bag retrieval station, so that each bag storage position can alternately enter the bag retrieval station to achieve continuous bag supply. In this embodiment, the bag storage and retrieval station 1 includes a first bag storage position 11, a second bag storage position 12, a first drive cylinder 13, a second drive cylinder 14, and a linear guide rail 16. The first bag storage position 11 and the second bag storage position 12 are both slidably mounted on the linear guide rail 16 via sliders. The piston rod of the first drive cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first bag storage position 11 and is used to drive the first bag storage position 11 to reciprocate between the initial station and the bag retrieval station along the linear guide rail 16. The cylinder body of the second drive cylinder 14 is fixed on the frame, and the piston rod of the second drive cylinder 14 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second bag storage position 12, which is used to drive the second bag storage position 12 to reciprocate between the initial station and the bag retrieval station along the linear guide rail 16.

[0021] A photoelectric sensor is installed at the bag-retrieving station and fixed on the frame. The detection end of the photoelectric sensor faces the bag storage position within the bag-retrieving station to detect the remaining empty bags in the storage position. The first drive cylinder 13, the second drive cylinder 14, and the photoelectric sensor are all electrically connected to the equipment controller, which is integrated into the main control system. The equipment controller is used to control the alternating switching of the two bag storage positions to the bag-retrieving station. Based on the detection signal from the photoelectric sensor, the timing of the actions of the first drive cylinder 13 and the second drive cylinder 14 is controlled, causing the first bag storage position 11 and the second bag storage position 12 to alternately switch to the bag-retrieving station, achieving uninterrupted continuous bag supply.

[0022] Working principle of alternating bag supply from first bag storage position 11 and second bag storage position 12: In the initial state: the equipment is powered on and initialized, and the equipment controller controls the piston rods of the first drive cylinder 13 and the second drive cylinder 14 to be fully retracted; at this time, the first bag storage position 11 and the second bag storage position 12 are both stopped at the initial offline bag replenishment positions on both sides of the equipment via the slider along the linear guide rail 16; the operator loads sufficient empty bag stacks into the two bag storage positions to complete the pre-operation preparation.

[0023] First bag supply stage: After the equipment is started, the equipment controller issues a command, the piston rod of the first drive cylinder 13 extends fully, and pushes the first bag storage position 11 to move horizontally along the linear guide rail 16 and stop precisely at the middle bag retrieval station; at this time, the second bag storage position 12 is still in the initial station and is in the standby bag replenishment state. The bag-grabbing device 32 continuously grabs a single empty bag from the first bag storage position 11 located at the bag-grabbing station to perform continuous bag feeding operations; it also detects the remaining amount of empty bags in the first bag storage position 11 in real time and feeds the detection signal back to the equipment controller in real time. First switching and bag replenishment stage: When the empty bag stack in the first bag storage position 11 is detected to be exhausted, an exhaustion signal is immediately sent to the equipment controller. After receiving the signal, the equipment controller first controls the piston rod of the first drive cylinder 13 to retract completely, pulling the first bag storage position 11 back to the initial position along the linear guide rail 16. Immediately afterwards, the equipment controller synchronously controls the piston rod of the second drive cylinder 14 to extend completely, pushing the second bag storage position 12 to move precisely along the linear guide rail 16 to the intermediate bag retrieval position, immediately taking over from the first bag storage position 11 for continuous bag supply. The bag supply process is uninterrupted and does not require machine shutdown. At this time, the first bag storage position 11 is in the offline initial position. The operator can replenish the empty bag stack in the first bag storage position 11 without affecting the normal operation of the equipment, and then standby after completing the bag replenishment. Second switching and bag replenishment stage: When it is detected that the stack of empty bags in the second bag storage position 12 of the current bag picking station is exhausted, an exhaustion signal is sent to the equipment controller again; The equipment controller controls the piston rod of the second drive cylinder 14 to retract completely, pulling the second bag storage position 12 back to the initial position for bag replenishment. At the same time, the equipment controller controls the piston rod of the first drive cylinder 13 corresponding to the first bag storage position 11, which has completed bag replenishment, to extend again, pushing the first bag storage position 11 back into the intermediate bag retrieval position to take over the bag supply operation; The above steps constitute a complete bag supply cycle. The equipment controller controls the timing of the extension / retraction of the first drive cylinder 13 and the second drive cylinder 14 to achieve seamless switching between the first bag storage position 11 and the second bag storage position 12 in the two states of online bag supply and offline bag replenishment. This ensures that there are always empty bags available at the intermediate bag retrieval station, and achieves complete parallelism between bag supply and bag replenishment operations in time and space, without interrupting production throughout the process. In this invention, the chain plate lifting conveyor 2 is used for vertical lifting and flow pre-homogenization of the cultivation substrate. Its bottom feeding end is located on one side of the frame, and its top discharging end is connected to the feeding port of the storage bin 31 of the metering bagging machine 3. The chain plate lifting conveyor 2 includes a feeding bin 21, a chain plate 22 with vertical baffles, and a material feeding plate 23. The feeding bin 21 is located at the bottom of the chain plate lifting conveyor 2 and is used to receive the cultivation substrate for packaging. The chain plate 22 is arranged along the vertical lifting direction, and the vertical baffles on the chain plate 22 are arranged at equal intervals along the conveying direction of the chain plate 22 to support the material and prevent the material from sliding down. The chain plate 22 is driven by a motor to rotate in a cycle to realize the vertical lifting of the material. The material-pushing plate 23 is set on the feeding hopper 21. The plate surface of the material-pushing plate 23 is parallel to the conveying surface of the chain plate 22. Both ends of the material-pushing plate 23 are fixed to the housing of the chain plate lifting conveyor 2 by adjusting bolts, so that the installation height of the material-pushing plate 23 can be adjusted to adapt to the conveying flow requirements of different materials. The material-pushing plate 23 is used to scrape off the material on the chain plate 22 that exceeds the preset thickness and to level the material surface on the chain plate 22, so as to achieve uniform control of the conveying material flow.

[0024] The working principle of the chain plate lifting conveyor 2 is as follows: In the initial feeding and material receiving stage: the operator pours the cultivation substrate to be packaged into the feeding hopper 21 in batches. The feeding hopper 21 adopts a bottom-closing guide structure to concentrate and smoothly guide the loose substrate material to the feeding end of the chain plate 22 at the bottom of the mechanism, avoiding material spillage or local accumulation. At this time, the drive motor drives the chain plate 22 with vertical baffles to perform closed-loop circulation along the preset lifting direction (inclined upward or vertically upward). The vertical baffles arranged at equal intervals on the chain plate 22 form independent open receiving grids on the surface of the chain plate 22. The material falling from the feeding hopper 21 is accurately received in the receiving grids, preparing for subsequent vertical stable material conveying. In the vertical material conveying stage: the chain plate 22, which receives the material, rotates continuously upward under the drive of the motor. The vertical baffles on the chain plate 22 form a physical barrier, completely solving the problem of loose substrate easily sliding, rolling, and flowing back during vertical / large angle lifting. This ensures that the material in the receiving cell can be conveyed upward stably and without loss, without material dropping or interruption. In this stage, due to uneven manual feeding, differences in the fluidity of the material itself, and bridging and accumulation of fibrous materials, the material in the receiving cell of the chain plate 22 may exhibit uneven material layer thickness, local stacking height exceeding the baffle height, and large differences in the amount of material in a single cell. This is the core root cause of fluctuations in conveying flow and subsequent loss of metering accuracy, which will be specifically addressed in the next stage by the material guide plate 23.

[0025] In the core flow homogenization stage: when the chain plate 22 carrying unevenly thick material reaches the material guide plate 23 in the middle of the lifting path, it enters the forced flow homogenization process. The gap between the material guide plate 23 and the conveying surface of the chain plate 22 is a preset standard material layer height. When the chain plate 22 carries material past the material guide plate 23, excess material exceeding the preset gap height is forcibly scraped off by the fixed material guide plate 23. The scraped material naturally falls back into the feeding bin 21 at the bottom of the mechanism and re-participates in the subsequent conveying cycle. The material passing through the material guide plate 23 is synchronously leveled by the material guide plate 23 to form a standard material layer with uniform thickness, consistent height, and identical material quantity in each cell. Through this process, the volume and weight of material conveyed by each material carrier cell are completely consistent for each unit distance traveled by the chain plate 22, eliminating fluctuations in material flow from the root and achieving constant homogenization of the conveying flow, thus completely solving the problem of inconsistent feeding in existing lifting equipment. During the stage of pressure stabilization and material discharge and connection with downstream mechanism: After the flow equalization treatment, the material continues to move upward as the chain plate 22 moves upward and reaches the top discharge end of the chain plate lifting conveyor 2; the chain plate 22 completes the reversal operation here, the vertical baffle flips with the chain plate 22, and the uniform material in the receiving grid falls into the storage bin 31 of the subsequent metering and bagging machine 3 at a uniform speed, stably and without impact under the action of gravity, without the occurrence of instantaneous large amount of material rushing, material interruption or material overflow, thus completing the entire feeding and conveying process.

[0026] Furthermore, the chain conveyor 2 can form a closed-loop linkage with the level sensor 311 of the downstream storage silo 31. When the material in the storage silo 31 reaches the preset high level, the level sensor 311 sends a signal to control the motor of this mechanism to stop running and stop feeding. When the material in the storage silo 31 drops to the preset low level, the motor restarts and resumes continuous feeding. Because the mechanism has completed the pre-flow equalization process, the conveying flow rate after each start-up remains constant, and there will be no problem of material rushing or sudden flow changes at the moment of start-up. It forms a stable collaboration with the downstream storage silo 31 and the metering and bagging process, ensuring the continuity and stability of feeding throughout the entire process.

[0027] In this invention, the metering bagging machine 3 includes a storage bin 31, a bag gripping device 32, a bag-covering assembly 34, a gripper assembly 35, and a quantitative filling assembly; The storage bin 31 is fixed to the upper part of the frame. The top inlet of the storage bin 31 is connected to the top outlet of the chain conveyor 2 for receiving the cultivation substrate from the chain conveyor 2. A material level sensor 311 is installed inside the storage bin 31. The material level sensor 311 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the chain conveyor 2 for controlling the chain conveyor 2 to stop feeding when the material in the storage bin 31 reaches the preset high level.

[0028] The storage silo 31 is equipped with a stirring assembly to break up materials and prevent them from caking. The stirring assembly includes a stirring roller 38, which is rotatably mounted inside the storage silo 31. Preferably, a dispersing blade is installed on the stirring roller 38, and the dispersing blade is evenly arranged along the circumference of the roller body of the stirring roller 38 to break up the cultivation substrate in the storage silo 31, prevent caking, and ensure stable and continuous feeding.

[0029] The bag-grabbing device 32 is located above the bag-grabbing station and is used to transfer empty bags to the bag-placing station 33 of the metering and bagging machine 3. Specifically, the bag-grabbing device 32 includes a lifting cylinder 321, a horizontal guide frame cylinder 322, and a bag gripper 323. The horizontal guide frame cylinder 322 is mounted on the lifting cylinder 321 via a mounting plate. The lifting cylinder 321 drives the horizontal guide frame cylinder 322 to move vertically by extending and retracting. The horizontal guide frame cylinder 322 drives the bag gripper 323 to move horizontally back and forth by extending and retracting. The lifting cylinder 321 is fixed on the machine frame. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder 321 is connected to the cylinder body of the horizontal guide frame cylinder 322 via a connecting plate. The bag gripper 323 is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the horizontal guide frame cylinder 322. The bag gripper 323 is used to grab empty bags and transfer them to the bag-placing station 33 of the metering and bagging machine 3. The bag gripper 323 adopts a vacuum needle suction cup structure to stably grip empty bags and avoid bag deformation during the gripping process.

[0030] The working principle of the bag-grabbing device 32 is as follows: Initial standby state: After the equipment is initialized, the piston rod of the horizontal guide frame cylinder 322 is in the fully retracted state, which drives the lifting cylinder 321 to stop directly above the bag picking station along the horizontal guide rail; the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 321 is in the fully retracted state, and the bag gripper 323 is in the high standby position, waiting for the bag picking command. Descent and gripping action: When the equipment controller confirms that the bag storage position has been accurately stopped at the bag retrieval station and that there are empty bags remaining in the bag storage position, it sends a bag retrieval command to the bag gripping device 32; the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 321 extends fully, driving the bag gripper 323 to descend vertically to the preset position on the surface of the empty bag at the top of the empty bag stack, the bag gripper 323 performs the gripping action, the vacuum needle suction cup extends the needle to grab a single empty bag, and the equipment controller confirms that the gripping is successful; Vertical lifting action: After confirming successful grabbing, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 321 retracts completely, driving the bag grabber 323 and the grabbed single empty bag to lift vertically upward to the preset safe height, so that the empty bag is completely separated from the empty bag stack below, avoiding scratches and bag-carrying problems during subsequent horizontal transfer. Horizontal transfer action: After the lifting cylinder 321 is reset, the piston rod of the horizontal guide frame cylinder 322 is fully extended, pushing the bag grabber 323 to move horizontally along the horizontal guide rail, accurately transferring the grabbed empty bag to the preset position directly above the bag placement station 33 of the metering bagging machine 3. Bag dropping and reset action: After reaching the preset position, the bag gripper 323 releases its grip, and the empty bag falls precisely into the predetermined position of the bag placement station 33, completing a single empty bag transfer; then the piston rod of the horizontal belt guide cylinder 322 retracts completely, driving the bag gripper 323 to reset to the initial position, waiting for the next bag picking command, thus completing a complete cycle of gripping-transferring-dropping-reset action.

[0031] The bagging assembly 34 is used to open the empty bag and place it outside the discharge port of the storage bin 31. Specifically, the bagging assembly 34 includes a rotary drive cylinder 341, a rotary fixed shaft 342, a bag pulling cylinder 343, a bag pulling bracket 344, an opening cylinder 345, an opening device 346, and an opening device 347. The rotary fixed shaft 342 is rotatably mounted on the frame. The piston rod of the rotary drive cylinder 341 is connected to the rotary fixed shaft 342 for transmission. The rotary drive cylinder 341 drives the rotary fixed shaft 342 to reciprocate at a certain angle, integrating the two core processes of opening and bagging into the same rotary motion flow. After the bag is opened, no additional transfer mechanism is needed. The fully opened empty bag is directly and accurately coaxially placed on the outer wall of the discharge port through the rotational motion.

[0032] The cylinder body of the bag-pulling cylinder 343 is fixed to the rotating fixed shaft 342. The piston rod of the bag-pulling cylinder 343 is connected to the bag-pulling bracket 344 through transmission. The bag-pulling cylinder 343 drives the opening and closing action of the bag-pulling bracket 344 to accurately frame and position the empty bag on the bag placement station 33.

[0033] The cylinder body of the opening cylinder 345 is fixed to the bag-pulling bracket 344. The piston rod of the opening cylinder 345 is connected to the opening device 346. The opening device 346 is equipped with two sets of opening devices 347, which are used to clamp the single-layer bag wall of the empty bag to achieve layered opening. By independently clamping the single-layer bag wall of the upper and lower layers of the empty bag by the two sets of opening devices 347, and cooperating with the opening and closing action of the opening cylinder 345, the upper and lower layers of the bag are completely separated. This solves the problems of insufficient opening, bag mouth collapse, and false opening caused by static electricity and material adhesion of soft packaging bags. It can fully open the bag mouth into a regular shape that matches the shape of the discharge port, providing an unobstructed and complete channel for material filling.

[0034] In the initial standby state, the piston rod of the rotary drive cylinder 341 is fully extended, driving the rotary fixed shaft 342 to rotate to an initial angle perpendicular to the empty bag on the bag placement station 33, ensuring that subsequent actions can accurately align the bag body without angular deviation; the piston rod of the bag pulling cylinder 343 is fully extended, driving the bag pulling bracket 344 to fully unfold to both sides, avoiding the empty bag placement area of ​​the bag placement station 33, and not interfering with the transfer and placement of the empty bag; the piston rod of the opening cylinder 345 is fully extended, driving the opening device 346 to fully open, so that the two sets of opening devices 347 corresponding to the upper and lower parts of the opening device 346 are in an open standby state without gripping the bag, waiting for the signal of the empty bag arriving. After the bag gripping device 32 accurately transfers the empty bag to the predetermined position of the bag placement station 33, the equipment controller issues an action command, the piston rod of the bag pulling cylinder 343 retracts, and drives the bag pulling bracket 344 to close in the middle, accurately framing the empty bag on the bag placement station 33 within the preset working range, completing the initial positioning of the bag body; then, the piston rod of the opening cylinder 345 retracts, and drives the upper and lower sets of opening devices 346 to close in the middle simultaneously, so that the upper and lower sets of opening devices 347 on the opening device 346 respectively adhere to the upper and lower surfaces of the empty bag. The upper set of opening devices 347 only clamps the left and right corners of the upper layer of the empty bag body, and the lower set of opening devices 347 only clamps the left and right corners of the lower layer of the empty bag body, realizing independent clamping of the single layer of the bag wall of the empty bag, laying the core foundation for subsequent layered bag opening; After the needle of the opening device 347 completes the stable clamping of the single-layer bag wall, it triggers the core bag opening action. Through the coordination of rotation and opening and closing, the bag mouth is fully opened. The controller controls the piston rod of the rotary drive cylinder 341 to start retracting. Through the rotating fixed shaft 342, the entire set of components (bag pulling cylinder 343, bag pulling bracket 344, opening cylinder 345, opening device 346, opening device 347 and the clamped bag body) are driven to rotate synchronously around the axis of the rotating fixed shaft 342 towards the discharge port. When the entire assembly rotates to the preset bag opening angle, the bag pulling cylinder 343 remains in its current state, the piston rod of the opening cylinder 345 extends fully, and the opening cylinder 345 drives the upper and lower opening devices 346 to fully open in the upward and downward direction. By clamping the opening devices 347 of the upper and lower single-layer bag walls respectively, the upper and lower layers of the bag are fully pulled apart. After the opening cylinder 345 completes its action, the bag opening of the empty bag is fully opened into a rectangular state that matches the shape of the discharge port, solving the problems of insufficient opening of soft packaging bags, bag opening collapse, and insufficient opening and closing degree, and completing the layered bag opening action. After the bag opening is fully opened, the action seamlessly connects to the bagging process. The piston rod of the rotary drive cylinder 341 continues to retract, driving the rotary fixed shaft 342 to continue rotating towards the discharge port. The fully opened empty bag is precisely and coaxially placed on the outer wall of the discharge port of the storage bin 31, ensuring that the bag opening completely covers the discharge port. When the sensor (the detection sensor for bagging in place) confirms that the bag is in place, the gripper assemblies 35 on both sides of the discharge port move synchronously, firmly clamping and fixing the bag opening on the discharge port to the outer wall of the discharge port from both sides. After confirming that the gripper assembly 35 has completed the bag opening fixation, the controller triggers the mechanism reset action, the opener 347 releases the bag body, the piston rod of the bag pulling cylinder 343 extends, driving the bag pulling bracket 344 to unfold and reset to both sides, the piston rod of the opening cylinder 345 remains in its current state, the piston rod of the rotation drive cylinder 341 extends, driving the rotation fixed shaft 342 to rotate and reset to the standby state.

[0035] In this invention, gripper assemblies 35 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the discharge port for clamping and fixing the bag opening after it has been fitted. The gripper assembly 35 includes two sets of clamping cylinders and grippers symmetrically arranged on both sides of the discharge port. The cylinder body of the clamping cylinder is fixed to the frame, and the piston rod of the clamping cylinder is connected to the gripper for transmission. The gripper is used to press and fix the bag opening to the outer wall of the discharge port. The two sets of symmetrically arranged clamping cylinders synchronously drive the gripper to move in opposite directions. After the bag is fitted, the cylinders extend synchronously, driving the gripper to press the bag opening tightly against the outer wall of the discharge port, forming a stable clamp and preventing the bag from falling off and the material from leaking during the filling process. After the filling is completed, the cylinders retract synchronously, the gripper releases the bag and resets, completing a single operation cycle.

[0036] In this invention, the quantitative filling component includes a feeding component 37 and a gate mechanism 39. The gate mechanism 39 is slidably disposed at the discharge port and is used to control the quantitative feeding of materials. The feeding component 37 is a feeding conveyor.

[0037] Specifically, the gate mechanism 39 includes a pull-out cylinder 391, a cylinder mounting seat 392, and a gate 393; the cylinder mounting seat 392 is fixed to the side wall of the discharge port, the cylinder body of the pull-out cylinder 391 is fixed to the cylinder mounting seat 392, the piston rod of the pull-out cylinder 391 is fixedly connected to the gate 393, and the gate 393 is slidably assembled along the discharge port channel to realize the rapid opening and closing of the discharge port. Initially, the piston rod of the pull-out cylinder 391 extends, driving the gate 393 to move laterally into the discharge port channel, completely blocking the discharge port and receiving the quantitatively delivered cultivation substrate from upstream, awaiting the dispensing command. Upon receiving the dispensing command, the piston rod of the pull-out cylinder 391 quickly retracts, pulling the gate 393 laterally out of the discharge port channel, fully opening the discharge port, and the predetermined amount of substrate quickly falls into the packaging bag under gravity. After confirming that the material has completely fallen, the piston rod of the pull-out cylinder 391 immediately extends, pushing the gate 393 to quickly reset and block the discharge port, instantly cutting off the material flow and preventing residual material from spilling and affecting the bagging and metering accuracy. After resetting, the gate 393 returns to the standby state, waiting for the next dispensing command, completing a single material control cycle.

[0038] In this invention, the quantitative filling component also includes a weighing and metering unit and a lifting conveyor 36. Specifically, the weighing and metering unit is electrically connected to the feeding component 37 and the gate mechanism 39 respectively, and is used to measure the weight of the conveyed material in real time. When the cumulative conveyed material reaches the preset weight, the feeding component 37 is controlled to stop feeding, and the gate mechanism 39 is controlled to complete the opening and closing action to realize the quantitative conveying of material. The lifting conveyor 36 is located directly below the discharge port. Its conveying surface can be vertically lifted by the lifting drive mechanism. It is used to support the bottom of the empty bag during the filling operation, receive the bag filled with material, and prevent it from falling directly onto the transfer conveyor. At the same time, after the bagging is completed, the bag is lowered and transported to the transfer conveyor 4.

[0039] Additionally, it should be noted that components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies.

[0040] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A production equipment for automatic feeding and quantitative packaging of cultivation substrate, characterized in that, The machine includes a frame, a chain plate lifting conveyor (2) and a metering bagging machine (3) arranged sequentially on the frame and along the material flow direction of the cultivation substrate. The metering bagging machine (3) is equipped with a bag storage and bag retrieval station (1), and the discharge end of the metering bagging machine (3) is connected to a transfer conveyor (4). The bag storage and bag retrieval station (1) includes at least two movable bag storage positions and a drive mechanism for driving the bag storage positions to reciprocate between the initial station and the bag retrieval station, so that each bag storage position can alternately enter the bag retrieval station to achieve continuous bag supply. The chain plate lifting conveyor (2) includes a feeding bin (21), a chain plate (22) with vertical baffles, and a material-pushing plate (23); the chain plate (22) is arranged along the lifting direction, and the material-pushing plate (23) is set on the feeding bin (21) to scrape off and level the material on the chain plate (22) to equalize the conveying flow rate; the discharge end of the chain plate lifting conveyor (2) is connected to the storage bin (31) of the metering and bagging machine (3); The metering bagging machine (3) includes the storage bin (31), the bag gripping device (32), the bag-covering assembly (34), the gripper assembly (35), and the quantitative filling assembly; the storage bin (31) is equipped with a stirring assembly to disperse the material and prevent arching; the bag gripping device (32) is located above the bag-grabbing station; the bag-covering assembly (34) is used to open the empty bag and cover it outside the outlet of the storage bin (31); the gripper assembly (35) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outlet to clamp and fix the bag opening after covering; the quantitative filling assembly includes a feeding component (37) and a gate mechanism (39); the gate mechanism (39) is slidably arranged at the outlet to control the quantitative feeding of material; The transfer conveyor (4) is used to receive the bagged material bags and transport them to the subsequent processes.

2. The production equipment for automatic feeding and quantitative packaging of cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bag storage and retrieval station (1) includes a first bag storage position (11), a second bag storage position (12), a first drive cylinder (13), a second drive cylinder (14), a linear guide rail (16), and a photoelectric sensor; The first bag storage position (11) and the second bag storage position (12) are both slidably mounted on the linear guide rail (16) via sliders. The piston rod of the first driving cylinder (13) is connected to the first bag storage position (11) in a transmission manner, and the piston rod of the second driving cylinder (14) is connected to the second bag storage position (12) in a transmission manner. The photoelectric sensor is set corresponding to the bag retrieval station and is used to detect the remaining amount of empty bags in the bag storage position. The first driving cylinder (13), the second driving cylinder (14), and the photoelectric sensor are all electrically connected to the equipment controller. The controller is used to control the two bag storage positions to alternately switch to the bag retrieval station.

3. The production equipment for automatic feeding and quantitative packaging of cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bag gripping device (32) includes a lifting cylinder (321), a horizontal guide frame cylinder (322), and a bag gripper (323). The horizontal guide frame cylinder (322) is mounted on the lifting cylinder (321) via a mounting plate. The lifting cylinder (321) drives the horizontal guide frame cylinder (322) to move up and down in the vertical direction by extension and retraction. The horizontal guide frame cylinder (322) drives the bag gripper (323) to move horizontally back and forth by extension and retraction. The lifting cylinder (321) is fixed on the frame. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder (321) is connected to the cylinder body of the horizontal guide frame cylinder (322) through a connecting plate. The end of the piston rod of the horizontal guide frame cylinder (322) is fixed to the bag gripper (323). The bag gripper (323) is used to grab empty bags and transfer them to the bag placement station (33) of the metering bagging machine (3).

4. The production equipment for automatic feeding and quantitative packaging of cultivation substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bagging assembly (34) includes a rotary drive cylinder (341), a rotary fixed shaft (342), a bag-pulling cylinder (343), a bag-pulling bracket (344), an opening cylinder (345), an opening device (346), and an opening tool (347). The rotating fixed shaft (342) is rotatably mounted on the frame, and the piston rod of the rotating drive cylinder (341) is connected to the rotating fixed shaft (342) in a transmission connection; the cylinder body of the bag-pulling cylinder (343) is fixed to the rotating fixed shaft (342), and the piston rod is connected to the bag-pulling bracket (344) in a transmission connection; the cylinder body of the opening cylinder (345) is fixed to the bag-pulling bracket (344), and the piston rod is connected to the opening device (346) in a transmission connection; the opening device (346) is provided with two sets of opening devices (347) corresponding to each other, and the opening devices (347) are used to clamp the single-layer bag wall of the empty bag to realize layered opening of the bag.

5. The production equipment for automatic feeding and quantitative packaging of cultivation substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gripper assembly (35) includes two sets of clamping cylinders and grippers symmetrically arranged on both sides of the discharge port; The cylinder body of the clamping cylinder is fixed to the frame, and the piston rod of the clamping cylinder is connected to the gripper. The gripper is used to press and fix the bag opening to the outer wall of the discharge port.

6. The production equipment for automatic feeding and quantitative packaging of cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing assembly includes a mixing roller (38), which is rotatably mounted inside the storage silo (31) to break up and prevent arching of the cultivation substrate in the storage silo (31).

7. The production equipment for automatic feeding and quantitative packaging of cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gate mechanism (39) includes a pull-out cylinder (391), a cylinder mounting seat (392), and a gate (393). The cylinder mounting seat (392) is fixed to the side wall of the discharge port, the cylinder body of the pull-out cylinder (391) is fixed to the cylinder mounting seat (392), the piston rod of the pull-out cylinder (391) is fixedly connected to the gate (393), and the gate (393) is slidably assembled along the discharge port channel to realize the rapid opening and closing of the discharge port.

8. The production equipment for automatic feeding and quantitative packaging of cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quantitative filling assembly also includes a weighing unit and a lifting conveyor (36). The weighing and metering unit is electrically connected to the feeding component (37) and the gate mechanism (39) respectively, and is used to control the quantitative conveying of materials; the lifting conveyor (36) is located directly below the discharge port, and its conveying surface can be vertically lifted and lowered, which is used to lift the bottom of the empty bag and transport the bag to the transfer conveyor (4) after the bag is filled.

9. The production equipment for automatic feeding and quantitative packaging of cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, A material level sensor (311) is installed in the storage bin (31). The material level sensor (311) is electrically connected to the control end of the chain plate lifting conveyor (2) and is used to control the chain plate lifting conveyor (2) to stop feeding when the material in the storage bin (31) reaches the preset high level.

10. The production equipment for automatic feeding and quantitative packaging of cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equipment also integrates a central control system. The bag storage and retrieval station (1), chain plate lifting conveyor (2), metering bagging machine (3), and transfer conveyor (4) are all electrically connected to the central control system to achieve fully automated continuous operation.

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