A multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled nacelle parts of an aero-engine

Abstract

This invention relates to a multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing components of aero-engines. It includes: a mounting structure comprising a rotatably mounted loading disk and a fixed disk coaxially mounted with the loading disk; and a loading structure comprising a torque loading component for applying torque to the thin-walled casing, a lateral loading component for applying lateral force to the thin-walled casing, and a bending moment loading component for applying bending moment to the thin-walled casing. This invention, by integrating the bending moment loading component, torque loading component, and lateral loading component, can simultaneously or separately apply bending moment, torque, and lateral force to thin-walled casing components, and can also combine axial thrust. This realistically simulates the stress state of a thin-walled casing of an aero-engine under multi-directional coupled loads such as bending, torsion, and lateral impact during actual service, providing more accurate experimental data for assessing the structural strength and fatigue life of the casing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of loading test technology for engine casings and similar cylindrical parts, specifically relating to a multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing parts for aero-engines. Background Technology

[0002] Thin-walled casing components of aero-engines (such as fan casings, compressor casings, and turbine casings) are the main load-bearing structures of the engine, used to fix blades, enclose the rotor, and form airflow channels. During actual engine operation, the thin-walled casing not only bears the static load from its own weight and installation constraints, but also experiences the combined effects of multi-directional composite loads, including torque caused by rotor rotation, lateral thrust generated by aerodynamic pressure pulsations, and bending moments caused by thermal gradients and vibrations. These loads often coexist and are coupled, placing stringent requirements on the structural strength, stiffness, and fatigue life of the casing. Therefore, during the development and mass production verification phases of new engines, multi-directional composite loading tests must be conducted on thin-walled casing components to realistically simulate their stress conditions under service conditions, ensuring the safety and reliability of the engine.

[0003] In current static strength tests of thin-walled casing components, traditional static strength tests mostly employ unidirectional loading methods, which can only apply loads in one direction. This makes it difficult to realistically simulate the stress state of thin-walled casing components under multidirectional composite loads such as bending, torsion, and axial tension and compression under actual working conditions. Some existing loading devices have complex structures, low load application accuracy, and are prone to coupling interference between multidirectional loads, making it impossible to achieve stable and accurate multidirectional independent loading. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing parts for aero-engines, which solves the problem that existing loading devices can only apply loads in one direction and are difficult to realistically simulate the stress state of thin-walled casing parts under multiple composite loads such as bending, torsion, and axial tension and compression in actual working conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing-type parts of aero-engines, comprising: The mounting structure includes a rotatable loading disk, a fixed disk coaxially arranged with the loading disk, and a support assembly for supporting the loading disk and restricting its axial movement. The two ends of the thin-walled casing are respectively fixed between the loading disk and the fixed disk. The loading structure includes a torque loading assembly for applying torque to a thin-walled casing, a lateral loading assembly for applying lateral force to a thin-walled casing, a bending moment loading assembly for applying bending moment to a thin-walled casing, and a drive assembly connected to the torque loading assembly, the lateral loading assembly, and the bending moment loading assembly.

[0006] Optimally, the support assembly includes a base plate, a base plate fixed to the top of the base plate, a limiting cylinder integrally connected to the top of the base plate, a limiting post rotatably inserted into the limiting cylinder, and a mounting plate fixed to the top of the limiting post, wherein the loading plate is fixed to the top of the mounting plate.

[0007] Optimally, the mounting structure further includes a loading groove formed on the top of the loading disk and coaxially arranged therewith, and the loading force of the bending moment loading component acts within the loading groove.

[0008] Optimally, the bending moment loading assembly includes bending moment loading heads symmetrically arranged on both sides of the thin-walled casing. The bending moment loading head includes a bending moment loading plate, a bending moment loading groove formed at the bottom of the bending moment loading plate, and a bending moment loading wheel rotatably installed in the bending moment loading groove, with the bending moment loading wheel abutting against the loading groove.

[0009] Optimally, the torque loading assembly includes a gear fixed to the bottom of the loading disk, a rack movably disposed on both sides of the gear and meshing with it, and a support mechanism disposed on the back side of the rack for supporting the rack, wherein the rack runs in the opposite direction.

[0010] Optimally, the supporting mechanism includes a backing plate, a backing wheel mounting groove formed inside the backing plate, a backing wheel rotatably mounted in the backing wheel mounting groove, and a second backing groove formed on the opposite side of the rack, wherein the backing wheel mounting groove abuts against the second backing groove.

[0011] Optimally, the lateral loading assembly includes a loading ring fixed to the bottom of the gear, a first abutment groove formed on the outer circumferential surface of the loading ring, lateral loading plates symmetrically arranged on both sides of the loading ring, a lateral loading groove formed on the inner side of the lateral loading plate, a clearance portion formed on the inner side of the lateral loading plate, and a lateral loading wheel rotatably mounted in the lateral loading groove, the lateral loading wheel abutting in the first abutment groove.

[0012] Optimally, the drive assembly includes a cylinder, a first connecting rod connected to the cylinder, a first connecting plate fixed to one end of the first connecting rod, a second connecting plate coaxially fixed to one side of the first connecting plate, and a second connecting rod fixed to the side of the second connecting plate away from the first connecting plate. The second connecting rod is connected to the lateral loading plate, the abutment plate, the rack, and the moment loading plate, respectively.

[0013] Optimally, the drive assembly further includes a second threaded hole through the first connecting plate to connect the first connecting rod, a third threaded hole through the second connecting plate to connect the second connecting rod, a first limiting nut screwed onto the first connecting rod, and a second limiting nut screwed onto the second connecting rod. The first limiting nut abuts against the side of the cylinder and the first connecting plate facing each other, and the second limiting nut abuts against the side of the second connecting plate away from the first connecting plate.

[0014] Ideally, the lateral loading wheel, the moment loading wheel, and the abutment wheel are cylindrical roller bearings.

[0015] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing parts of aero-engines of this invention integrates a bending moment loading component, a torque loading component, and a lateral loading component. It can simultaneously or separately apply bending moment, torque, and lateral force to thin-walled casing parts, and can also combine axial thrust. This allows for a realistic simulation of the stress state of a thin-walled casing of an aero-engine under multi-directional coupled loads such as bending, torsion, and lateral impact during actual service, providing a more accurate test basis for assessing the structural strength and fatigue life of the casing. Furthermore, by using cylindrical roller bearings to apply loads, the fixed loading point is transformed into a rolling loading point, ensuring that the test loading direction and position do not change with the deflection of thin-walled casing-type parts. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after the external support frame has been removed; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A sectional view; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the loading structure of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A structural diagram from another angle; Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the loading structure of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Loading plate; 101. Loading groove; 102. Fixing plate; 103. Base plate; 104. Base plate; 105. Limiting cylinder; 106. Limiting post; 107. Mounting plate; 200. Gear; 201. Loading ring; 202. First abutment groove; 203. Rack; 204. Second abutment groove; 205. Lateral loading plate; 206. Lateral loading groove; 207. Clearance part; 208. Lateral loading wheel; 209. Abutment plate; 210. Abutment wheel mounting groove; 211. Abutment wheel; 212. Moment loading plate; 213. Moment loading groove; 214. Moment loading wheel; 215. Cylinder; 216. First connecting plate; 217. Second connecting plate; 218. First connecting rod; 219. Second connecting rod; 220. First threaded hole; 221. Second threaded hole; 222. Third threaded hole; 223. First limit nut; 224. Second limit nut. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing parts of aero-engines according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-directional composite loading device after removing the external support frame. The composite loading device includes a mounting structure and a loading structure. The mounting structure is used to fix the thin-walled casing-type parts for aero-engines to be tested under load. The loading structure is fixed inside the support frame and provides bending moment, torque, and lateral force to the thin-walled casing, thereby simulating the stress state of the thin-walled casing under multi-directional composite loads such as bending, torsion, and lateral thrust under actual working conditions.

[0019] The mounting structure includes a loading disk 100, a loading groove 101, a fixing disk 102, and a support assembly. The support assembly is installed at the bottom of the external support frame to limit the axial movement of the thin-walled casing, thereby improving the accuracy of the composite test results. Figure 4 As shown, the support assembly includes a base plate 103, a base plate 104, a limiting cylinder 105, a limiting post 106, and a mounting plate 107. The base plate 103 is fixed to the bottom of the support frame by screws, the base plate 104 is fixed to the top of the base plate 103 by screws, and the limiting cylinder 105 is integrally connected to the top of the base plate 104 (that is, the limiting cylinder 105 is located on the side of the base plate 104 away from the base plate 103).

[0020] The limiting cylinder 105 is a hollow cylindrical tube. The limiting post 106 is inserted vertically into the limiting cylinder 105, and the outer diameter of the limiting post 106 is equal to the inner diameter of the limiting cylinder 105. Therefore, the limiting post 106 can be inserted into the hollow limiting cylinder 105 and can rotate. The limiting cylinder 105 can guide the inserted limiting post 106 to ensure that the limiting post 106 rotates axially without deflection, thereby limiting the axial movement of thin-walled casing-type parts. The mounting plate 107 is integrally connected to the top of the limiting post 106 and is used to fix the loading plate 100 above it.

[0021] The loading disk 100 is fixed to the top of the mounting disk 107 by screws. The loading disk 100 can rotate axially synchronously with the mounting disk 107, thereby applying torque to the thin-walled casing-like parts above it. The loading groove 101 is an annular groove formed on the top of the loading disk 100, and the loading groove 101 is coaxially arranged with the loading disk 100. The loading groove 101 cooperates with the bending moment loading assembly, which applies a downward axial thrust to the loading disk 100 and the thin-walled casing-like parts fixed on it.

[0022] Mounting plate 107 is fixed to the top of the support frame by screws and is coaxially arranged with loading plate 100, such as Figure 3 As shown, thin-walled casing-type parts are vertically installed axially between loading plate 100 and mounting plate 107. The lower flange at the bottom and the upper flange at the top of the thin-walled casing-type parts are both provided with mounting holes. The thin-walled casing-type parts are fixedly installed between loading plate 100 and mounting plate 107 by means of bolts and nuts. Then, the external loading structure provides bending moment, torque and lateral force to the thin-walled casing-type parts, thereby simulating the stress state of the thin-walled casing under multiple composite loads such as bending, torsion and lateral thrust in actual working conditions.

[0023] The loading structure includes a torque loading component, a lateral loading component, a bending moment loading component, and a drive component. The torque loading component provides torque to thin-walled casing-type parts, the lateral loading component provides lateral force to thin-walled casing-type parts, the bending moment loading component provides bending moment to thin-walled casing-type parts, and there are multiple drive components, which are connected to the torque loading component, the lateral loading component, and the bending moment loading component respectively, to provide driving force for each loading.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the bending moment loading assembly includes two bending moment loading heads symmetrically arranged on both sides of the thin-walled casing-like part. Each bending moment loading head is connected to a drive assembly, which drives the bending moment loading head to descend, thereby providing a bending moment to the thin-walled casing-like part. The forces applied to the two bending moment loading heads by the drive assembly are F1 and F2, respectively. When F1 = F2, the bending moment loading assembly applies a vertically downward thrust along the axial direction to the thin-walled casing; when F1 ≠ F2, since the forces on the two bending moment loading heads are not the same, a bending moment (which includes a vertically downward thrust) is applied to the thin-walled casing-like part. By fixing the loading disk 100 to the bottom of the thin-walled casing, a reliable loading point is ensured for the bending moment loading head during loading.

[0025] like Figure 7As shown, each moment loading head includes a moment loading plate 212, a moment loading groove 213, and a moment loading wheel 214. The moment loading plate 212 is connected to the drive assembly, the moment loading groove 213 is formed at the bottom of the moment loading plate 212, and the moment loading wheel 214 is rotatably mounted in the moment loading groove 213 via a rotating shaft, with the moment loading wheel 214 abutting against the loading groove 101 at the top of the loading disk 100.

[0026] The moment loading wheel 214 is a cylindrical roller bearing, which rests against the loading groove 101. The loading groove 101 limits the position of the built-in moment loading wheel 214, preventing the loading points of the two moment loading wheels 214 from shifting when a bending moment is applied. The cylindrical roller bearing has line contact between the rollers and raceways, resulting in a large contact area, more uniform stress distribution, high radial load capacity, and the ability to withstand heavy and impact loads, leading to a longer service life.

[0027] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the torque loading assembly includes a gear 200, a rack 203, and a support mechanism. The gear 200 is fixed to the bottom of the loading disk 100 by screws and is coaxially arranged with the loading disk 100. There are two racks 203, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the gear 200 and mesh with the gear 200. Two drive components are arranged along the length of the rack 203, and each drive component is fixedly connected to the short side of each rack 203. The two drive components drive the two racks 203 to move in opposite directions, thereby driving the gear 200 and the loading disk 100 on it to rotate, providing torque for thin-walled casing-type parts.

[0028] By setting two racks 203 on both sides of the gear 200, the two racks 203 simultaneously drive the gear 200 to rotate from both sides. When applying torque, the rotation of the gear 200 is more stable, avoiding the gear 200 from tilting due to unidirectional action, thereby ensuring that torque is applied along the axial direction of the thin-walled casing-type parts.

[0029] There are two sets of support mechanisms, located on opposite sides of the two racks 203, respectively, to support the racks 203 and prevent them from tilting and causing engagement jamming. Each set of support mechanisms also has a drive assembly on its opposite side, connected to the support mechanism, to drive the support mechanism closer to and support the racks 203. Each set of support mechanisms includes a stop plate 209, a stop wheel mounting groove 210, a stop wheel 211, and a second stop groove 204. The second stop groove 204 is located on the side of the rack 203 away from the gear 200 and extends along the length of the rack 203. The stop plate 209 is connected to the drive assembly, which drives the stop plate 209 closer to the rack 203. The stop wheel mounting groove 210 is located on the inner side of the stop plate 209 (i.e., the stop wheel mounting groove 210 is located on the side of the stop plate 209 closest to the rack 203).

[0030] There are two abutment rollers 211, which are rotatably mounted in the abutment roller mounting groove 210 of the abutment plate 209 via a rotating shaft. The outer peripheral surface of the abutment roller 211 protrudes from the abutment plate 209, and the abutment roller 211 abuts against the second abutment groove 204 on the back side of the rack 203. The thickness of the abutment roller 211 is equal to the height of the second abutment groove 204. Therefore, when the drive assembly moves the rack 203, the abutment roller 211 engaged in the second abutment groove 204 will guide the rack 203, preventing the rack 203 from tilting and causing engagement jamming.

[0031] The abutment wheel 211 is a cylindrical roller bearing. When the drive assembly moves the rack 203, rolling friction is replaced by sliding friction through the cylindrical roller bearing, thereby reducing resistance and wear on the rack 203. Figure 5 , 6 As shown, each abutment plate 209 has two abutment wheels 211 rotating on its inner side, and the center line of symmetry of the two abutment wheels 211 coincides with the diameter of the gear 200 (that is, the gear 200 and the two abutment wheels 211 are axially symmetrically distributed). The two symmetrically arranged abutment wheels 211 abut against the back side of the rack 203, making the force more stable.

[0032] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the lateral loading assembly includes a loading ring 201, a first abutment groove 202, a lateral loading plate 205, a lateral loading groove 206, a clearance portion 207, and a lateral loading wheel 208. The loading ring 201 is fixed to the bottom of the gear 200 by screws and is coaxially arranged with the gear 200. The first abutment groove 202 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the loading ring 201 and cooperates with the lateral loading wheel 208, thereby providing lateral force for thin-walled casing-type parts.

[0033] Two lateral loading plates 205 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the loading ring 201. Projected vertically, the lateral loading plates 205 are located between the two racks 203. A drive assembly connected to the outer side of each lateral loading plate 205 is provided. The drive assembly drives the lateral loading plates 205 to abut against the outer circumferential surface of the loading ring 201, thereby applying lateral force to the thin-walled casing-like parts. A clearance portion 207 is arc-shaped and located on the opposite side of the two lateral loading plates 205. By providing an arc-shaped portion on the inner side of the lateral loading plate 205, it avoids the external structure of the loading ring 201, ensuring that only the lateral loading wheel 208 abuts against the loading ring 201.

[0034] A lateral loading groove 206 is formed inside the lateral loading plate 205. A lateral loading wheel 208 is rotatably mounted in the lateral loading groove 206 via a rotating shaft and abuts against the first abutment groove 202 on the outer circumference of the loading ring 201. The thickness of the lateral loading wheel 208 is the same as the height of the first abutment groove 202. When a lateral force is applied to the loading ring 201, the lateral loading wheel 208 is prevented from shifting due to the interlocking lateral loading wheel 208 and the first abutment groove 202. At the same time, the lateral loading wheel 208 supports and limits the loading ring 201 by interlocking the lateral loading wheel 208 and the first abutment groove 202. When the rack 203 drives the gear 200 to rotate to apply torque, it will drive the loading ring 201 to rotate synchronously. Under the limiting action of the lateral loading wheel 208, it is ensured that the loading ring 201 can only rotate axially and will not swing laterally, thereby ensuring that the gear 200 can only rotate axially and will not swing laterally, thus avoiding affecting the meshing.

[0035] The lower surface of the rack 203 abuts against the upper surface of the loading ring 201, which provides local support for the rack 203, ensuring the stability of the meshing. The lateral loading wheel 208 is a cylindrical roller bearing. When the rack 203 drives the gear 200 to rotate to apply torque, it will drive the loading ring 201 to rotate synchronously. By setting the cylindrical roller bearing to replace sliding friction with rolling friction, the resistance is reduced and the wear on the loading ring 201 is reduced while satisfying the support and limiting of the loading ring 201.

[0036] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown, each lateral loading plate 205 has two lateral loading wheels 208 rotatably mounted inside, and the center line of symmetry of the two lateral loading wheels 208 coincides with the diameter of the loading ring 201 (i.e., the loading ring 201 and the two lateral loading wheels 208 are axially symmetrically distributed). The two symmetrically arranged lateral loading wheels 208 abut against the lateral loading groove 206 on the outer circumference of the loading ring 201. When the drive assembly moves the lateral loading plate 205 toward the side closer to the loading ring 201, the two lateral loading wheels 208 simultaneously abut against the side of the loading ring 201 to provide lateral force. The lateral force loading is more stable, avoiding slippage caused by single-sided contact (the center line connecting the loading ring 201 and the two lateral loading wheels 208 forms a triangular structure, thus making the lateral force loading more stable).

[0037] By setting two lateral loading plates 205 on each side of the loading ring 201, lateral loading in two directions can be simulated. Moreover, during loading, one lateral loading plate 205 moves forward to apply lateral force to the loading ring 201, while the other lateral loading plate 205 moves backward simultaneously, providing clearance and supporting the loading ring 201 from the other side, thus preventing the loading ring 201 from tipping over due to the support of only one lateral loading plate 205.

[0038] There are multiple drive components, each connected to the short side of the lateral loading plate 205, the abutment plate 209, the bending moment loading plate 212, and the rack 203, respectively, providing driving force for each load, such as... Figure 4 As shown, each drive assembly includes a cylinder 215, a first connecting plate 216, a second connecting plate 217, a first connecting rod 218, a second connecting rod 219, a first threaded hole 220, a second threaded hole 221, a third threaded hole 222, a first limiting nut 223, and a second limiting nut 224. The bottom of the cylinder body of the cylinder 215 is fixed to the corresponding position of the external support frame by screws. The transition shaft is connected to the cylinder 215, and the cylinder 215 drives the transition shaft to move.

[0039] A first threaded hole 220 is horizontally formed at one end of the transition shaft. The outer circumferential surface of the first connecting rod 218 is provided with external threads, and the first connecting rod 218 is screwed into the first threaded hole 220 of the transition shaft. A second threaded hole 221 horizontally penetrates the first connecting plate 216, and the other end of the first connecting rod 218 is screwed into the second threaded hole 221 of the first connecting plate 216. Two first limiting nuts 223 are screwed onto the first connecting rod 218, and the two first limiting nuts 223 respectively abut against the opposite side of the transition shaft and the first connecting plate 216 to lock the first connecting rod 218 after installation.

[0040] The second connecting plate 217 is installed on one side of the first connecting plate 216 by means of bolts and nuts (specifically, the first connecting plate 216 and the second connecting plate 217 are provided with mounting holes on their circumferences, and the nuts are passed through the mounting holes on the first connecting plate 216 and the second connecting plate 217, and the connection of the first connecting plate 216 and the second connecting plate 217 is completed by using nuts on the other side).

[0041] The third threaded hole 222 passes horizontally through the second connecting plate 217, and the second connecting rod 219 is screwed into the third threaded hole 222 of the second connecting plate 217. The second limiting nut 224 is screwed onto the second connecting rod 219 and abuts against the side of the second connecting plate 217 away from the first connecting plate 216 to lock the second connecting rod 219 after installation. The other end of the second connecting rod 219 is connected to the short side of the lateral loading plate 205, the abutment plate 209, the bending moment loading plate 212, and the rack 203, thereby providing power for each load under the action of the cylinder 215.

[0042] When thin-walled casing parts are subjected to multi-directional composite loading, the thin-walled casing parts are vertically fixed between the loading disk 100 and the fixed disk 102 along the axial direction. The loading points of the loading structure are the short side of the rack 203 (applying torque), the outer circumferential surface of the loading ring 201 (applying lateral force), and the loading groove 101 on the upper surface of the loading disk 100 (applying bending moment). This simulates the stress state of the thin-walled casing under multi-directional composite loads such as bending, torsion, and lateral thrust in actual working conditions (bending moment, torque, lateral force, and axial thrust can be applied individually or in combination to meet the requirements of complex loading and extreme test).

[0043] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing-type parts used in aero engines, characterized in that, It includes: The mounting structure includes a rotatable loading disk (100), a fixed disk (102) coaxially disposed with the loading disk (100), and a support assembly for supporting the loading disk (100) and restricting its axial movement. The two ends of the thin-walled casing are respectively fixed between the loading disk (100) and the fixed disk (102). The loading structure includes a torque loading assembly for applying torque to a thin-walled casing, a lateral loading assembly for applying lateral force to a thin-walled casing, a bending moment loading assembly for applying bending moment to a thin-walled casing, and a drive assembly connected to the torque loading assembly, the lateral loading assembly, and the bending moment loading assembly. The torque loading assembly includes a gear (200) fixed to the bottom of the loading disk (100) and racks (203) movably disposed on both sides of the gear (200) and meshing with it, the racks (203) running in opposite directions; The lateral loading assembly includes a loading ring (201) fixed to the bottom of the gear (200), a first abutment groove (202) formed on the outer circumferential surface of the loading ring (201), lateral loading plates (205) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the loading ring (201), a lateral loading groove (206) formed on the inner side of the lateral loading plate (205), and a lateral loading wheel (208) rotatably installed in the lateral loading groove (206), wherein the lateral loading wheel (208) abuts against the first abutment groove (202).

2. The multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing-type parts of aero-engines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly includes a base plate (103), a base plate (104) fixed to the top of the base plate (103), a limiting cylinder (105) integrally connected to the top of the base plate (104), a limiting post (106) rotatably inserted into the limiting cylinder (105), and a mounting plate (107) fixed to the top of the limiting post (106), wherein the loading plate (100) is fixed to the top of the mounting plate (107).

3. A multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing-type parts of aero-engines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The installation structure also includes a loading groove (101) formed on the top of the loading disk (100) and coaxially arranged therewith, and the loading force of the bending moment loading component acts in the loading groove (101).

4. A multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing-type parts of aero-engines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bending moment loading assembly includes bending moment loading heads symmetrically arranged on both sides of the thin-walled casing. The bending moment loading head includes a bending moment loading plate (212), a bending moment loading groove (213) formed at the bottom of the bending moment loading plate (212), and a bending moment loading wheel (214) rotatably installed in the bending moment loading groove (213). The bending moment loading wheel (214) abuts against the loading groove (101).

5. A multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing-type parts of aero-engines according to claim 4, characterized in that: The torque loading assembly also includes a support mechanism disposed on the back side of the rack (203) and used to support the rack (203).

6. A multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing-type parts of aero-engines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The supporting mechanism includes a bearing plate (209), a bearing wheel mounting groove (210) formed inside the bearing plate (209), a bearing wheel (211) rotatably mounted in the bearing wheel mounting groove (210), and a second bearing groove (204) formed on the opposite side of the rack (203), wherein the bearing wheel mounting groove (210) abuts against the second bearing groove (204).

7. A multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing-type parts of aero-engines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral loading assembly also includes a clearance portion (207) formed inside the lateral loading plate (205).

8. A multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing-type parts of aero-engines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a cylinder (215), a first connecting rod (218) connected to the cylinder (215), a first connecting plate (216) fixed to one end of the first connecting rod (218), a second connecting plate (217) coaxially fixed to one side of the first connecting plate (216), and a second connecting rod (219) fixed to the side of the second connecting plate (217) away from the first connecting plate (216). The second connecting rod (219) is connected to the lateral loading plate (205), the abutment plate (209), the rack (203), and the moment loading plate (212), respectively.

9. A multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing-type parts of aero-engines according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drive assembly further includes a second threaded hole (221) through the first connecting plate (216) to connect the first connecting rod (218), a third threaded hole (222) through the second connecting plate (217) to connect the second connecting rod (219), a first limiting nut (223) screwed onto the first connecting rod (218), and a second limiting nut (224) screwed onto the second connecting rod (219). The first limiting nut (223) abuts against the cylinder (215) on the opposite side of the first connecting plate (216), and the second limiting nut (224) abuts against the side of the second connecting plate (217) away from the first connecting plate (216).

10. A multi-directional composite loading device for thin-walled casing-type parts of aero-engines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lateral loading wheel (208), the moment loading wheel (214), and the abutment wheel (211) are cylindrical roller bearings.

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