base station

Abstract

The base station includes a control section that sets a first resource and a second resource that are discontinuous in a frequency direction in a time unit of time division duplex, and a transmission section that transmits a synchronization signal and a physical broadcast channel by being divided into the first resource and the second resource.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to base stations that support subband non-overlapping full duplex (SBFD). Background Technology

[0002] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP, a registered trademark) standardized the 5th generation mobile communication system (also known as 5G, New Radio (NR), or Next Generation (NG)) and also standardized the next-generation mobile communication system known as Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G.

[0003] Various technologies have been discussed in 3GPP to date. For example, subband non-overlapping full duplex (SBFD) is known. SBFD is a technology that enables the simultaneous use of downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) by utilizing subbands defined within the band domain of Time Division Duplex (TDD) (Non-Patent Document 1). For example, by applying SBFD to a conventional TDD mode, a UL subband is defined within the band domain of the DL time slot.

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Non-patent literature

[0006] Non-patent literature 1: “New WID: Evolution of NR duplex operation: Sub-band fullduplex (SBFD)”, RP-234035, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #102, 3GPP, December 11-15, 2023 Summary of the Invention

[0007] However, the synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (hereinafter also referred to as SSB or simply synchronization signal) is transmitted using the time unit of DL (e.g., DL time slot). Here, if SBFD is applied to the DL time slot, there is a problem that the SSB cannot be transmitted because the UL sub-band is set in the center of the DL time slot.

[0008] Therefore, the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a base station that can transmit SSB even within the time unit of SBFD application.

[0009] One disclosed embodiment is a base station comprising: a control unit (control unit 170) that sets first and second resources that are discontinuous in frequency direction within a time unit of time division duplex; and a transmission unit (wireless signal transceiver unit 110) that divides the first and second resources to transmit synchronization signals and physical broadcast channels.

[0010] One disclosed embodiment is a base station comprising: a control unit (control unit 170) that sets first and second resources that are discontinuous in frequency direction within a time unit of time division duplex; and a transmission unit (wireless signal transceiver unit 110) that uses the first resource to transmit a synchronization signal and a physical broadcast channel, the synchronization signal including a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, and a third-level synchronization signal. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 It is a general structural diagram of the wireless communication system.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the frequency ranges used in wireless communication systems.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of wireless frames, subframes, time slots, and symbols used in a wireless communication system.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a functional block diagram of a base station.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a functional block diagram of the terminal.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing an example of SBFD slots / symbols.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of scheduling without applying SBFD.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of scheduling when SBFD is applied.

[0019] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example of scheduling when SBFD is applied.

[0020] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of scheduling when SBFD is applied.

[0021] Figure 11This is a diagram illustrating an example of the allocation of synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel blocks without the application of SBFD.

[0022] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the allocation of synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel blocks when SBFD is applied.

[0023] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the allocation of synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel blocks when SBFD is applied.

[0024] Figure 14 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the allocation of synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel blocks when SBFD is applied.

[0025] Figure 15 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the allocation of synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel blocks when SBFD is applied.

[0026] Figure 16 It is shown Figure 15 A diagram showing a variation of the allocation example.

[0027] Figure 17 This is a diagram illustrating an example of scheduling when SBFD is applied.

[0028] Figure 18 It is shown Figure 17 A diagram showing a variation of the allocation example in the scheduling example shown.

[0029] Figure 19 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a terminal.

[0030] Figure 20 This is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a vehicle. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments are described below based on the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the same or similar reference numerals are used to denote the same function or structure, and their descriptions are omitted where appropriate.

[0032] (1) Structure of wireless communication system

[0033] Figure 1 The wireless communication system 10 shown is a wireless communication system that follows a method known as 5G. On the other hand, the wireless communication system 10 can also be a wireless communication system that follows a method known as Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G.

[0034] The wireless communication system 10 can support massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems that generate more directional beams by controlling wireless signals transmitted from multiple antenna elements, carrier aggregation (CA) systems that use multiple component carriers (CC), and dual connectivity (DC) systems that can communicate simultaneously with two base stations.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the wireless communication system 10 includes a base station 100 (hereinafter also referred to as gNodeB (gNB) 100) constituting a Next Generation-Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) 20, and a terminal 200 (hereinafter also referred to as User Equipment (UE) 200) that communicates wirelessly with the gNB 100. The NG-RAN 20 is connected to a core network (CN) not shown. The CN consists of multiple network functions (NFs). NFs include, for example, Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) and Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF). The AMF, for example, performs registration for the UE 200. The NWDAF, for example, performs optimization for the CN. Furthermore, the specific structure of the wireless communication system 10, such as the number of gNBs 100 and UEs 200, is not limited to... Figure 1 The example shown. Additionally, NG-RAN 20 and CN can also be simply referred to as "network".

[0036] The gNB 100 can also be a base station with a centralized-radio access network (C-RAN) structure, consisting of a distributed unit (DU) for connecting to the UE 200 and a central unit (CU) for connecting to the network. In this case, the gNB 100 can be replaced by a DU, a CU, or both. When the gNB 100 is replaced by a DU, it can also be called gNB-DU. When the gNB 100 is replaced by a CU, it can also be called gNB-CU. When the gNB 100 is replaced by both a DU and a CU, the DU portion can be called gNB-DU, and the CU portion can be called gNB-CU.

[0037] In addition, the wireless communication system 10 can support multiple frequency ranges (FRs). That is, such as Figure 2 As shown, the following FRs can be supported.

[0038] FR1: 410MHz~7.125GHz

[0039] FR2-1: 24.25GHz~52.6GHz

[0040] FR2-2: Over 52.6GHz to 71GHz

[0041] In FR1, a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of 15, 30, or 60 kHz and a bandwidth (BW) of 5–100 MHz can be used. In FR2-1, an SCS of 60 or 120 kHz (or 240 kHz) and a BW of 50–400 MHz can be used.

[0042] In FR2-2, to avoid increasing phase noise, Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM) or Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) with a larger SCS can be applied.

[0043] In addition, such as Figure 3 As shown, one time slot in the wireless communication system 10 consists of 14 symbols. While maintaining this structure, a larger (wider) SCS results in a shorter symbol period (and time slot period). Furthermore, the SCS is not limited to... Figure 3 The frequency shown can be, for example, 480kHz, 960kHz, etc.

[0044] Furthermore, the number of symbols constituting one time slot does not necessarily have to be 14 symbols; for example, it could be 28 or 56 symbols. Also, the number of time slots in each subframe can vary depending on the SCS.

[0045] (2) Functional block structure of wireless communication system

[0046] (2.1) Functional block structure of base station

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, the gNB 100 includes a wireless signal transceiver unit 110, an amplifier unit 120, a modem unit 130, and a control signal transceiver unit 140. Reference signal processing unit 140, encoding / decoding unit 150, data transceiver unit 160, and control unit 170.

[0048] The wireless transceiver unit 110 transmits and receives wireless signals with the UE 200. The wireless transceiver unit 110 may also be configured as a transmitting unit that sends wireless signals to the UE 200 and a receiving unit that receives wireless signals from the UE 200. The wireless signals may contain data or may be replaced by data. Transmission may also be replaced by settings, indications, notifications, etc. Reception may also be replaced by reports, notifications, etc. Furthermore, settings may be implemented through setting information (information elements (IE)) at the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, and indications may be implemented through control elements (CE) and downlink control information (DCI) at the Media Access Control (MAC) layer.

[0049] The wireless transceiver unit 110 of this embodiment is capable of transmitting a beam containing a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (hereinafter also referred to as SSB or simply synchronization signal) in different directions at each predetermined time unit. In other words, the wireless transceiver unit 110 is capable of scanning the beam in multiple predetermined time units. In this case, the wireless transceiver unit 110 is capable of receiving a random access preamble from the transmission direction of the beam at each predetermined time unit. As described later, the random access preamble is transmitted by the UE 200.

[0050] On the other hand, the wireless transceiver unit 110 of the embodiment can transmit a beam containing a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) in different directions at each predetermined time unit. In other words, the wireless transceiver unit 110 can scan the beam in multiple predetermined time units. In this case, the wireless transceiver unit 110 can receive a measurement report (hereinafter also referred to as a CSI report) of the sounding reference signal (SRS) or CSI-RS from the transmission direction of the beam at each predetermined time unit. As described later, the SRS or CSI report is transmitted by the UE 200.

[0051] Here, the predetermined time unit is, for example, a time slot, but it can also be other time units such as a symbol. Alternatively, the predetermined time unit can also be the time unit for setting the transmission and reception directions of a sub-band within a Time Division Duplex (TDD) band domain that differs from that band domain. That is, the predetermined time unit can also be an SBFD time slot, as described later. An SBFD time slot is, for example, a time slot within a DL time slot that sets the UL sub-band.

[0052] Furthermore, the radio transceiver unit 110 in this embodiment can also notify the offset value of the time direction position relative to the SSB, as the time direction position of the random access opportunity (RO) for the UE 200 to transmit the preamble. Additionally, the radio transceiver unit 110 can also notify the offset value of the frequency direction position relative to the SSB, as the frequency direction position of the random access opportunity (RO) for the UE 200 to transmit the preamble. Moreover, the radio transceiver unit 110 can also notify the format of the configuration information representing the preamble transmitted by the UE 200 via the Master Information Block (MIB). This format can be referred to as the preamble format or the RACH format.

[0053] The wireless transceiver unit 110 of this embodiment can transmit a synchronization signal (SS) and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) in two discontinuous DL resources set in the TDD time unit. Specifically, the wireless transceiver unit 110 can transmit the synchronization signal (SS) and the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) in two discontinuous DL resources by setting a UL subband in the DL time slot. In this case, the wireless transceiver unit 110 can divide the DL resources into two DL resources to transmit the SS and PBCH.

[0054] Specifically, the wireless signal transceiver unit 110 of the embodiment can transmit SS using the first resource and transmit PBCH using the second resource.

[0055] Alternatively, the SS may include a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). In this case, the wireless transceiver unit 110 of the embodiment can transmit the PSS using the first resource and transmit the SSS using the second resource. Furthermore, in this case, the PBCH can be transmitted using the first resource, the second resource, or both resources.

[0056] Furthermore, the wireless transceiver unit 110 of the embodiment can transmit a portion of the SS and a portion of the PBCH using the first resource, and transmit the remaining portion of the SS and the remaining portion of the PBCH using the second resource. In other words, the wireless transceiver unit 110 can divide the SS and PBCH into their respective resources for transmission.

[0057] On the other hand, the wireless transceiver unit 110 in this embodiment can also use one of the two resources that are not contiguous in the frequency direction (the first resource) to transmit a synchronization signal (SS) and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH). In this case, the SS may include a third synchronization signal (Tertiary synchronization signal, TSS) in addition to the PSS and SSS. Furthermore, the wireless transceiver unit 110 can also use the other of the two resources that are not contiguous in the frequency direction (the second resource) to transmit random access association information. The random access association information may be, for example, a DCI (PDCCH) related to the start of random access, or an SIB1 PDSCH scheduled by the DCI (PDCCH), or both.

[0058] The operation of the wireless transceiver unit 110 will be described below when the time unit for applying TDD is alternately set (hereinafter also referred to as the first time unit, specifically, for example, the DL time slot), and the time unit for a sub-band that is able to receive a preamble for random access but whose transmission and reception directions are different from those of the TDD band (hereinafter also referred to as the second time unit, specifically, for example, the SBFD time slot of the UL sub-band in the DL time slot).

[0059] The wireless transceiver unit 110 of the embodiment is capable of transmitting a beam containing a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (hereinafter also referred to as SSB or simply synchronization signal) in different directions in each first time unit, and receiving a preamble from the transmission direction of the transmitted beam in a second time unit following the first time unit. In other words, the wireless transceiver unit 110 is capable of scanning the beam in multiple consecutive time units. Furthermore, as described later, the preamble for random access is transmitted by the UE 200.

[0060] In this case, the wireless transceiver unit 110 of the embodiment may also transmit a beam containing system information (e.g., SIB1 PDSCH) in the second time unit. Alternatively, the wireless transceiver unit 110 may notify in advance that the aforementioned SSB and system information are to be transmitted in a time-divided manner.

[0061] Alternatively, the wireless transceiver unit 110 in this embodiment may also transmit the PDCCH in the first time unit. This PDCCH may also schedule the aforementioned SIB1 PDSCH. In addition, the wireless transceiver unit 110 may also notify in advance that the aforementioned SSB and PDCCH will be divided and transmitted in the time direction.

[0062] Furthermore, the wireless transceiver unit 110 of the embodiment may also transmit a beam containing the aforementioned system information (e.g., SIB1 PDSCH) in the second time unit, and transmit the aforementioned PDCCH in the first time unit. In addition, the wireless transceiver unit 110 may also notify in advance that the aforementioned SSB, system information and PDCCH are transmitted in a time-divided manner.

[0063] Furthermore, the aforementioned "beam transmission direction" can be understood not only as the direction from gNB 100 to UE 200, but also as the direction from UE 200 to gNB 100. That is, the "beam transmission direction" can be understood as two directions. Additionally, in determining the "beam transmission direction," not only the azimuth angle but also the elevation angle can be controlled. In other words, the "beam transmission direction" is not limited to two-dimensional representation but can also be three-dimensional. gNB 100 can perform beam scanning by controlling at least one of the azimuth or elevation angle during beamforming.

[0064] The amplification unit 120 is composed of a power amplifier (PA) and a low-noise amplifier (LNA). The amplification unit 120 amplifies the wireless signal output from the wireless signal transceiver unit 110. Additionally, the amplification unit 120 amplifies the wireless signal output from the modem unit 130.

[0065] The modem 130 performs data modulation / demodulation, transmit power setting, and resource block allocation for each predetermined communication destination (UE 200 or other UE 200). CP-OFDM / DFT-S-OFDM can also be applied in the modem 130. Furthermore, DFT-S-OFDM can be used not only for the uplink (UL) but also for the downlink (DL).

[0066] control signals The reference signal processing unit 140 performs processing of control signals, such as Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, that are transmitted and received with the UE 200.

[0067] control signals The reference signal processing unit 140 performs processing on reference signals transmitted and received with the UE 200, such as demodulation reference signal (DMRS), phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS), sounding reference signal (SRS), and positioning reference signal (PRS).

[0068] In addition, the channels include control channels and data channels. Control channels include the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), and Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH). Data channels include the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) and Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH).

[0069] The encoding / decoding unit 150 performs segmentation / linking and encoding / decoding of the data contained in the wireless signal for each predetermined communication destination (UE 200 or other UE 200).

[0070] Specifically, the encoder / decoder 150 decodes the data output from the modem 130 and concatenates the decoded data. Additionally, the encoder / decoder 150 divides the data output from the data transceiver 160 into predetermined sizes and encodes the divided data.

[0071] The data transceiver unit 160 performs tasks such as assembling and decomposing Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and Service Data Units (SDUs) that constitute data between layers. These layers include the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. Furthermore, the data transceiver unit 160 performs error correction and retransmission control based on Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ).

[0072] The control unit 170 controls the gNB 100. For example, the control unit 170 controls the transmission and reception of wireless signals based on the wireless signal transceiver unit 110, amplification based on the amplification unit 120, data modulation / demodulation based on the modulation / demodulation unit 130, and control signals. The signal processing of the reference signal processing unit 140, the encoding / decoding based on the encoding / decoding unit 150, and the assembly / decomposition of data units based on the data transceiver unit 160.

[0073] The control unit 170 can control the handover (HO) of UE 200. HO can also be understood as, for example, migrating from gNB 100 to which UE 200 is connected to another gNB 100. Furthermore, the gNB 100 to which UE 200 is connected in the HO can be replaced with the cell or beam formed by the gNB 100. Additionally, HO can also be replaced with terms such as cell migration, cell change, or beam change.

[0074] The control unit 170 in this embodiment can set subbands with transmission and reception directions different from those of a band domain within multiple predetermined time units of TDD application. Here, if the predetermined time unit is defined as a time slot, the control unit 170 can, for example, set a UL subband within a DL time slot. In other words, the control unit 170 can set DL resources that are discontinuous in the frequency direction within a TDD time unit. These discontinuous resources can be understood as multiple resources (a first resource and a second resource).

[0075] The control unit 170 in this embodiment can set the synchronization signal index (SSB index) and the RO for receiving the preamble from the UE 200 in each time unit described above (e.g., setting the SBFD time slot of the UL subband in the DL time slot). Furthermore, the control unit 170 can set the CSI-RS transmission opportunity and the SRS or CSI report reception opportunity from the UE 200 in each time unit described above (e.g., setting the SBFD time slot of the UL subband in the DL time slot). In addition, the SSB index and CSI-RS transmission opportunity are set in the DL resources of the SBFD time slot. Furthermore, the RO and SRS or CSI report reception opportunities are set in the UL subband of the SBFD time slot.

[0076] The control unit 170 in the embodiment can alternately set the first time unit of TDD (e.g., DL time slot) and the second time unit of a subband that is different from the direction of transmission and reception in the TDD band and can receive the preamble of random access (e.g., setting the SBFD time slot of the UL subband in the DL time slot).

[0077] (2.2) Functional block structure of the terminal

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown, the UE 200 includes a wireless signal transceiver unit 210 and a control unit 220.

[0079] The wireless transceiver unit 210 transmits and receives wireless signals with the gNB 100. The wireless transceiver unit 210 can also be configured as a transmitter sending wireless signals to the gNB 100 and a receiver receiving wireless signals from the gNB 100. The wireless signal can contain data or can be replaced by data. Transmission can also be replaced by reports, notifications, etc. Reception can also be replaced by settings, instructions, notifications, etc. Furthermore, settings can be implemented through setting information (information elements (IE)) at the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, and instructions can be implemented through control elements (CE) and downlink control information (DCI) at the Media Access Control (MAC) layer.

[0080] The wireless transceiver unit 210 of the embodiment is capable of receiving SSB from gNB 100 in the aforementioned SBFD time slot (DL resource). Additionally, the wireless transceiver unit 210 is capable of receiving CSI-RS from gNB 100 in the aforementioned SBFD time slot (DL resource).

[0081] The wireless transceiver unit 210 of the embodiment can transmit a preamble for initiating random access in the RO set in the aforementioned SBFD time slot (UL subband). In addition, the wireless transceiver unit 210 can transmit an SRS or CSI report (of gNB 100) during the reception of an SRS or CSI report (of gNB 100) set in the aforementioned SBFD time slot (UL subband).

[0082] The control unit 220 controls the UE 200. For example, the control unit 220 controls the transmission and reception of wireless signals performed by the wireless signal transceiver unit 210.

[0083] The control unit 220 in the embodiment is capable of measuring the SSB or CSI-RS (e.g., RSRP, RSRQ) received by the wireless signal transceiver unit 210.

[0084] (3) SBFD

[0085] like Figure 6 As shown, SBFD can be applied to each time slot / symbol. In addition, for each time slot / symbol, besides DL and UL, SBFD can also be applied after being set to Flexible (FL) for use as DL or UL.

[0086] SBFD is a type of full-duplex duplexing based on Time Division Duplex (TDD), which can simultaneously utilize multiple subbands constituting the TDD band domain. In addition, SBFD can also be described as a duplexing method that defines multiple subbands within the TDD band domain, or as a duplexing method that allocates UL and DL non-overlapping in the frequency direction within the TDD time unit, or as full-duplexing of subbands.

[0087] The time slots / symbols for which SBFD is applied are also referred to as SBFD time slots / symbols. "Applying SBFD" can also be understood as applying SBFD in at least a portion of the scheduling. That is, "time slots / symbols for which SBFD is applied" can also be understood as time slots / symbols for which SBFD is applied within a scheduling that applies SBFD (SBFD time slots / symbols). Additionally, "time units for which non-SBFD is applied" can also be understood as time slots / symbols for which SBFD is not applied within a scheduling that applies SBFD (non-SBFD time slots / symbols).

[0088] like Figure 6 As shown, each sub-band (SBFD sub-band) constituting the SBFD time slot / symbol is assigned either DL or UL. Hereinafter, sub-bands assigned DL will be referred to as DL sub-bands, and sub-bands assigned UL will be referred to as UL sub-bands. Figure 6 In the diagram, time slots / symbols or subbands marked with "D" are DL time slots / symbols or DL ​​subbands, and time slots / symbols or subbands marked with "U" are UL time slots / symbols or UL subbands. Additionally, time slots / symbols marked with "F" in other diagrams are FL time slots / symbols.

[0089] Non-SBFD time slots / symbols and SBFD time slots / symbols can also be understood as time units. For example, a non-SBFD time slot / symbol can be understood as a time unit for applying TDD, and an SBFD time slot / symbol can be understood as a time unit that can utilize multiple subbands that constitute the TDD band (or, subbands within the TDD band whose transmission and reception directions are different from those of the TDD band).

[0090] Non-SBFD time slots / symbols and SBFD time slots / symbols can also be understood as resources observed from the time direction. For example, non-SBFD time slots / symbols can be understood as resources for applying TDD, and SBFD time slots / symbols can be understood as resources that can utilize multiple subbands that constitute the TDD band (or, subbands within the TDD band whose transmission and reception directions are different from the TDD band).

[0091] (4) Operation of wireless communication system

[0092] (4.1) Topic

[0093] Looking ahead to 6G, we anticipate expanding the application scope of SBFD.

[0094] (4.1.1) Topic 1

[0095] Beam scanning is performed separately in the DL direction (transmitting SSBs) and the UL direction (receiving preambles). However, especially when there is a large number of SSB indices, beam scanning can be time-consuming. This problem is not limited to the SSB and preamble signals; it can also occur between other DL and UL signals.

[0096] (4.1.2) Topic 2

[0097] SSB is transmitted using the time unit of DL (e.g., DL time slot). If SBFD is applied to the DL time slot, there is a problem where SSB cannot be transmitted because the UL sub-band is set in the center of the DL time slot.

[0098] (4.2) Example of an action

[0099] (4.2.1) Action Example 1

[0100] Reference Figures 7 to 10 Example 1 will be explained. Example 1 demonstrates efficient beam scanning operation when using SBFD.

[0101] (4.2.1.1) Option 1

[0102] As a premise, gNB 100 is assumed to perform beam scanning in four directions, with each beam containing SSBs of different indices. Specifically, it is assumed that the beams in the four directions contain four SSBs with indices #0 to #3. Furthermore, it is assumed that each SSB index maps to the same index for a random access opportunity (RO). That is, it is assumed that UE 200 sends a preamble to initiate random access when it reaches an RO with the same index as the SSBs contained in the selected beam.

[0103] Furthermore, for ease of explanation, we assume that there is one SSB index that can be set for one DL time slot, and one RO that can be set for one UL time slot or UL subband.

[0104] First, in Figure 7 The section explains beam scanning operation without SBFD, and then... Figure 8 The text describes the beam scanning operation when using SBFD.

[0105] Figure 7This example illustrates beam scanning in TDD mode, where four consecutive DL time slots are followed by one UL time slot. In this case, four SSB indices are set for the initial four DL time slots, and ROs are set for the subsequent four UL time slots. Following this schedule, the gNB 100 first performs a beam scan in the DL direction (i.e., transmits an SSB), followed by a beam scan in the UL direction (i.e., receives a preamble from the UE 200). In other words, the gNB 100 performs beam scans separately in the DL and UL directions, thus requiring two beam scans.

[0106] Figure 8 This example illustrates beam scanning operation when SBFD is applied in TDD mode with four consecutive DL time slots followed by one UL time slot. That is, the UL subband can be set not only in the UL time slot but also in the UL subband.

[0107] Therefore, an SSB index can be set for the DL resource portion (DL subband) of the DL time slot where SBFD is applied. Furthermore, ROs with the same index can be set in the UL subband of the same time slot. Following this scheduling, the gNB 100 can simultaneously perform beam scanning in the DL direction (i.e., SSB transmission) and beam scanning in the UL direction (i.e., preamble reception from the UE 200). In other words, the gNB 100 performs beam scanning in both the DL and UL directions simultaneously, thus reducing the number of beam scans previously required to one.

[0108] Furthermore, UE 200 may not support SBFD. In other words, UE 200 may only recognize the previous TDD mode without SBFD, but not the TDD mode with SBFD (i.e., it may also support half-duplex). In addition, the frequency direction mode in the SBFD slot is not limited to DL-UL-DL, but can also be DL-UL, UL-DL, or DL-UL-DL.

[0109] Alternatively, in Option 1, the efficient notification method described below can also be applied as a method to notify the UE 200 of the information required for preamble transmission (e.g., RO time / frequency direction position, RACH format). Furthermore, in the past, the UE 200 needed to decode the SSB and, after decoding the DCI (PDCCH) of the SIB1 scheduler in PDCCH monitoring, decode the SIB1 PDSCH (containing the information required for preamble transmission) to obtain the information required for preamble transmission.

[0110] • Regarding the time direction position of RO

[0111] Example 1: No explicit notification is required. That is, the UE 200 recognizes that the SSB reception timing (time direction position of the SSB index) is the same as the preamble transmission timing (time direction position of the RO).

[0112] Example 2: Notification of the offset value relative to the time direction position of the SSB. This offset value can be notified, for example, via the MIB. That is, the UE 200 recognizes the offset position relative to the SSB reception timing (the time direction position of the SSB index) as the preamble transmission timing (the time direction position of the RO). Furthermore, the offset value can be the number of time slots or the number of symbols.

[0113] • Regarding the frequency direction position of RO

[0114] Example 1: No explicit notification is required. In this case, UE 200 detects the frequency of the SSB (frequency direction position of the SSB index) and determines the resources (frequency direction position of the RO) for transmitting the preamble.

[0115] Example 2: Notifying the offset value of the frequency direction position relative to the SSB. This offset value can be notified, for example, via the MIB. That is, UE 200 uses the resources (frequency direction position of RO) at the offset position relative to the frequency of the SSB (time direction position of the SSB index) to send the preamble. In addition, the offset value can be the number of subcarriers, the number of resource blocks (RBs), or the number of resource block groups (RBGs).

[0116] • About RACH format

[0117] Example: Notification is sent via the Master Information Block (MIB). Furthermore, the RACH format can also be called the preamble format. The preamble format is a format that represents the preamble's configuration information, with formats 0-4, A1-A3, B1-B4, C0, and C1.

[0118] As described above, by applying efficient notification methods, such as when a beam failure occurs in the connection state after random access is completed, a preamble can be sent rapidly during the random access process after beam failure recovery.

[0119] Furthermore, the information required for preamble transmission can also be stored in the SIB1 PDSCH in the same way as before. In this case, a bit indicating the method of obtaining the information required for preamble transmission can be set in the MIB. For example, it can be set such that when this bit is 0, the information required for preamble transmission is obtained only through the MIB, and when this bit is 1, the SIB1 PDSCH is decoded in the same way as before to obtain the information required for preamble transmission.

[0120] (4.2.1.2) Option 2

[0121] As a premise, assume that gNB 100 performs beam scanning in three directions, with each beam containing a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS).

[0122] Option 2 is similar to Option 1, scheduling the transmission of CSI-RS in the DL resources (DL subband) of the DL time slot where SBFD is applied, and scheduling the reception of the sounding reference signal (SRS) or a CSI report containing the measurement results of CSI-RS in the UL subband of the same time slot.

[0123] Figure 9 as well as Figure 10 An example of beam scanning operation in three consecutive SBFD time slots is shown. Furthermore, in the upper figure, a UL subband is set in the DL time slot, and in the lower figure, a DL subband is set in the UL time slot. Additionally, in the upper figure, CSI-RS in different DL resources within the same time slot can be understood as being transmitted in at least one of them, or as being transmitted across discontinuous DL resources as described later in Operation Example 2.

[0124] Therefore, as Figure 9 As shown, it is possible to schedule CSI-RS transmission for the DL resource portion (DL subband) of the SBFD time slot, and further, to schedule SRS reception for the UL resource portion (UL subband) of the same time slot. Similarly, as Figure 10 As shown, it is possible to schedule the transmission of CSI-RS for the DL resource portion (DL subband) of the SBFD time slot, and further, it is possible to schedule the reception of CSI reports for the UL resource portion (UL subband) of the same time slot.

[0125] Following this scheduling, the gNB 100 can simultaneously perform beam scanning in the DL direction (i.e., CSI-RS transmission) and beam scanning in the UL direction (i.e., SRS or CSI Report reception from the UE 200). In other words, the gNB 100 performs beam scanning in both the DL and UL directions simultaneously, thus reducing the number of beam scans previously required to one to one.

[0126] Alternatively, in Option 2, the notification of the SRS or CSI report transmission timing can be omitted by applying the same efficient notification method as in Option 1. In this case, UE 200 can send the SRS or CSI report at the same timing as the CSI-RS reception timing.

[0127] (4.2.2) Action Example 2

[0128] Reference Figures 11 to 16 Here, we will explain Action Example 2. Action Example 2 enables the transmission of SSBs in the SBFD time slot. First, we will explain... Figure 11 The section explains the transmission of SSBs in DL slots where SBFD is not applied. Then, in... Figures 12 to 16 The transmission of SSB in the SBFD time slot is explained below. Furthermore, the SSB in this example is not simply replaced by a synchronization signal, but consists of a synchronization signal (SS) and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH).

[0129] Figure 11 An example of an SSB in a DL time slot without SBFD is shown. Additionally, in the figure, PSS represents the primary synchronization signal, and SSS represents the secondary synchronization signal. Figure 11 (as well as Figures 12 to 14 In the example, SS is composed of PSS and SSS.

[0130] (4.2.2.1) Option 1

[0131] Figure 12 This shows an example of an SSB in a DL slot (SBFD slot) where SBFD is applied. In this option, as... Figure 12 As shown, SS can also be allocated to one side of the discontinuous DL resource portion (DL subband) sandwiching the UL subband, and PBCH can be allocated to the other side. In other words, SS and PBCH can also be frequency-division multiplexed. Thus, gNB 100 can transmit SSB in SBFD time slots.

[0132] (4.2.2.2) Option 2

[0133] Figure 13 This shows an example of an SSB in a DL slot (SBFD slot) where SBFD is applied. In this option, as... Figure 13 As shown, a PSS can also be allocated to one side of a discontinuous DL resource portion (DL subband) sandwiching a UL subband, and an SSS can be allocated to the other side. In other words, frequency division multiplexing can also be performed on the PSS and SSS. Furthermore, Figure 13A portion of the PBCH is allocated to one side of the non-contiguous DL resource portion, and the remainder is allocated to the other side, but this is not a limitation. That is, the PBCH can also be allocated only to one side of the non-contiguous DL resource portion. Thus, the gNB 100 is able to transmit SSB in the SBFD time slot.

[0134] (4.2.2.3) Option 3

[0135] Figure 14 This shows an example of an SSB in a DL slot (SBFD slot) where SBFD is applied. In this option, as... Figure 14 As shown, a portion of the PSS, SSS, and PBCH can be allocated to one side of the discontinuous DL resource portion (DL subband) sandwiched between the UL subbands, while the remaining portion of the PSS, SSS, and PBCH can be allocated to the other side. Thus, the gNB 100 can transmit the SSB in the SBFD time slot.

[0136] (4.2.2.4) Option 4

[0137] Figure 15 This shows an example of an SSB in a DL slot (SBFD slot) where SBFD is applied. In this option, as... Figure 15 As shown, SS and PBCH can also be allocated only to one side of the discontinuous DL resource portion (DL sub-band) sandwiched between the UL sub-band. Furthermore, since the allocation area is limited in the frequency direction, the allocation area in the time direction can be expanded. In this case, for example, to ensure the information content of the SS, a third-level synchronization signal (Tertiary synchronization signal, TSS in the figure) can be introduced as a third SS. That is, Figure 15 The SS in the SBFD can also be composed of PSS, SSS, and TSS. Additionally, to ensure sufficient information in the PBCH, a PBCH can be allocated after the TSS. Thus, the gNB 100 can transmit the SSB within the SBFD time slot.

[0138] Furthermore, such as Figure 16 As shown, action example 1 can also be combined in option 4. Furthermore, the SSB of action example 1 may not be interpreted as follows: Figure 15 as well as Figure 16 The example shown is limited to one side of the discontinuous DL resource portion (DL subband). In other words, the SSB of Action Example 1 can also be interpreted as follows: Figures 12 to 14 The allocation is shown across both sides of a discontinuous DL resource segment (DL subband).

[0139] In option 4, when combined with action example 1, the DCI (PDCCH) and SIB1 PDSCH (Random Access Association Information) described in action example 1 can also be allocated to the party without an allocated SSB in the discontinuous DL resource portion (DL subband). This allows the random access association information to be aggregated into the same time slot as the SSB and RO. Furthermore, in this case, gNB100 can also notify UE 200 via MIB that the SSB, PDCCH, and SIB1 PDSCH are in a frequency division multiplexing relationship, and that the PDCCH and SIB1 PDSCH are in a time division multiplexing relationship.

[0140] also, Figure 16 The PDCCH and SIB1 PDSCH (or SSB) in the table can also be replaced with other DL signals (scheduling) such as Total Radiated Sensitivity (TRS). Similarly, Figure 16 The RO in the signal can also be replaced with other UL signals such as PUCCH (SR PUCCH) used for scheduling requests (scheduling).

[0141] (4.2.3) Action Example 3

[0142] Reference Figure 17 as well as Figure 18 Example 3 will now be explained. Similar to Example 1, Example 3 enables efficient beam scanning when using SBFD. Example 3 can also be understood as a variation of Example 1.

[0143] As a premise, gNB 100 is assumed to perform beam scanning in four directions, with each beam containing SSBs of different indices. Specifically, it is assumed that the beams in the four directions contain four SSBs with indices #0 to #3. Furthermore, it is assumed that each SSB index maps to the same index for a random access opportunity (RO). That is, it is assumed that UE 200 sends a preamble to initiate random access when it reaches an RO with the same index as the SSBs contained in the selected beam.

[0144] Furthermore, for ease of explanation, we assume that there is one SSB index that can be set for one DL time slot and one RO that can be set for one UL subband.

[0145] Figure 17 This example illustrates beam scanning operation with partial application of SBFD in TDD mode across eight consecutive DL time slots. Specifically, the next DL time slot where SBFD is not applied is configured to apply SBFD. In other words, in this example, it is possible to configure a staggered configuration of time slots where SBFD is not applied (non-SBFD time slots) and time slots where SBFD is applied (SBFD time slots).

[0146] Therefore, the SSB index can be set for DL ​​slots where SBFD is not applied. Furthermore, in the UL subband of the subsequent DL slot where SBFD is applied, the RO with the same SSB index as the immediately preceding DL slot can be set. Following this scheduling, the gNB 100 can continuously perform beam scanning in the DL direction (i.e., SSB transmission) and beam scanning in the UL direction (i.e., preamble reception from the UE 200). In other words, the gNB 100 continuously performs beam scanning in both the DL and UL directions, thus reducing the number of beam scans previously required to two to one, even though the scanning interval becomes longer.

[0147] In addition, the efficient notification method described in option 1 of action example 1 can also be applied in this action example.

[0148] Furthermore, similar to Action Example 2, the SSB can be allocated across discontinuous DL resource portions (DL subbands) within the SBFD time slots. In this case, SBFD can also be applied to all eight consecutive DL time slots. Furthermore, similar to Action Example 2, the gNB 100 can notify the UE 200 via the MIB that the SSB and RO are in a time-division multiplexing / frequency-division multiplexing relationship.

[0149] Furthermore, as a variation of action example 3, it can also be found in... Figure 17 In the non-SBFD time slot where the SSB index is set, the DCI (PDCCH) is configured before the SSB index, and then the SIB1 PDSCH scheduled by the DCI (PDCCH) is allocated to the DL resource portion (DL subband) of the SBFD time slot where the RO is set. This allows random access association information to be aggregated into the same (or consecutive) time slot as the SSB and RO. Additionally, in this case, the gNB 100 can also notify the UE 200 via the MIB that the SSB, PDCCH, and SIB1 PDSCH are in a time-division multiplexing relationship.

[0150] also, Figure 18 The PDCCH and SIB1 PDSCH (or SSB) in the table can also be replaced with other DL signals (scheduling) such as Total Radiated Sensitivity (TRS). Similarly, Figure 18 The RO in the signal can also be replaced with other UL signals such as PUCCH (SR PUCCH) used for scheduling requests (scheduling).

[0151] (5) Other implementation methods

[0152] The present invention has been described above according to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these descriptions and various modifications and improvements can be made, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0153] The DL or UL signals in the above action examples are assumed to be periodic signals. For example, they are assumed to be... Figure 10 The CSI Report in the same time slot as the CSI-RS contains the measurement results obtained from the CSI-RS in the previous cycle. However, this is not limited to cases where the UL signal for the DL signal can be quickly responded to. That is, the DL signal can be transmitted and the UL signal received in the exact same time slot. In this case, for example, the DL signal can be transmitted in the first half of the symbols constituting the time slot, and the UL signal can be received in the second half of the symbols.

[0154] The gNB 100 in the above example scans a beam in one direction, but is not limited to this. For example, if it can simultaneously blow beams in multiple directions, the gNB 100 can also scan multiple beams. Furthermore, in this case, for example, for... Figure 9 or Figure 10 The top and bottom images show that multiple beams can be used to transmit CSI-RS simultaneously.

[0155] The above examples of actions can be combined and used in combination as long as they do not contradict each other.

[0156] Furthermore, the block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments illustrate blocks based on function. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented through any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Additionally, there are no particular limitations on the implementation method of each functional block. That is, each functional block can be implemented using a single device that is physically or logically combined, or by directly or indirectly (e.g., using wired, wireless, etc.) connecting two or more physically or logically separate devices. Functional blocks can also be implemented by combining software within one or more of the aforementioned devices.

[0157] The functions include judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, receiving, sending, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assigning, but are not limited to these. For example, the functional block (structural part) that performs the sending function is called the transmitting unit or transmitter. In short, as mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on the implementation method.

[0158] For example, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the base station 100, terminal 200, etc., can also function as a computer for processing the wireless communication method of this disclosure. Figure 19 This diagram illustrates an example of the hardware structure of a base station 100 and a terminal 200 according to one embodiment of this disclosure. The base station 100 and the terminal 200 described above may also be configured as a computer device that physically includes a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0159] Furthermore, in the following description, the term "device" can be replaced with "circuit," "device," "unit," etc. The hardware structure of base station 100 and terminal 200 can be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the figures, or it can be configured to not include any of them.

[0160] The functions of the base station 100 and the terminal 200 are implemented by reading predetermined software (programs) into hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, so that the processor 1001 performs calculations and controls the communication of the communication device 1004 or controls at least one of reading out and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage device 1003.

[0161] The processor 1001 controls the computer as a whole by instructing the operating system to operate. The processor 1001 may also be a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic units, registers, etc.

[0162] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one direction of memory 1002 in the storage device 1003 and the communication device 1004, and performs various processes accordingly. The program is used to cause the computer to perform at least a portion of the actions described in the above embodiments. Although it has been described that the various processes described above are performed by one processor 1001, the various processes described above can also be performed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 can also be implemented using one or more chips. In addition, the program can also be transmitted from a network via a telecommunications line.

[0163] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be composed of at least one of the following: read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and random access memory (RAM). The memory 1002 may be referred to as a register, cache, main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 can store programs (program code), software modules, etc., that are executable for implementing the wireless communication method according to one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0164] Storage device 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be composed of at least one of the following: optical discs such as CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), hard disks, floppy disks, magneto-optical discs (e.g., compact discs, digital multipurpose discs, Blu-ray discs), smart cards, flash memory (e.g., cards, sticks, key drives), floppy disks, magnetic stripes, etc. Storage device 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The aforementioned storage medium may be, for example, a database, server, or other suitable media that includes at least one of memory 1002 and storage device 1003.

[0165] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transceiver) used for communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network. For example, it may also be referred to as a network device, network controller, network interface card (NIC), communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may also be configured to include high-frequency switches, duplexers, filters, frequency synthesizers, etc., to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD).

[0166] Input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from external sources (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). Output device 1006 is an output device that performs output to external sources (e.g., display, speaker, LED, etc.). Furthermore, input device 1005 and output device 1006 can also be integrated (e.g., a touch panel).

[0167] Furthermore, the processor 1001, memory 1002, and other devices are connected via a bus 1007 for communication of information. The bus 1007 can be a single bus or can be composed of different buses between devices.

[0168] Furthermore, the base station 100 and the terminal 200 can be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), which can be used to implement some or all of the functional blocks. For example, the processor 1001 can also be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0169] The notification of information is not limited to the forms / implementations described in this disclosure, and other methods may also be used. For example, the notification of information may be implemented through physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), other signals, or combinations thereof. Additionally, RRC signaling may also be referred to as RRC messages, for example, RRC Connection Setup messages, RRC Connection Reconfiguration messages, etc.

[0170] The various forms / implementations described in this disclosure can also be applied to systems utilizing LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal), Future Radio Access (FRA), New Radio (NR), New Radio Access (NX), Future Generation Radio Access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE At least one of 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), other suitable systems, and next-generation systems based on, modified, generated, or specified from these systems. Additionally, multiple systems may be combined (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G, etc.) for application.

[0171] The processing procedures, timing, and flow of the various forms / implementations described in this disclosure may be changed in order, provided there is no contradiction. For example, the elements of various steps are indicated using an illustrative order in the methods described in this disclosure, but are not limited to the specific order indicated.

[0172] In this disclosure, certain actions performed by the base station are sometimes also performed by its upper node, depending on the circumstances. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station, it is obvious that various actions performed to communicate with a terminal can be performed by at least one of the base station and other network nodes besides the base station (e.g., considering an MME or S-GW, but not limited to these). The above illustration depicts a case where there is only one other network node besides the base station, but it can also be a combination of multiple other network nodes (e.g., an MME and an S-GW).

[0173] It can output information and signals (information, etc.) from a higher (or lower) level to a lower (or higher) level. It can also be input or output through multiple network nodes.

[0174] Input or output information can be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input or output information can be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information can also be deleted. Input information can also be sent to other devices.

[0175] The determination can be made by the value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value (Boolean: true or false), or by comparing numerical values ​​(e.g., comparing with a predetermined value).

[0176] The various forms / implementations described in this disclosure can be used individually or in combination, and can be switched depending on the execution. Furthermore, the notification of predetermined information (e.g., a "It is X" notification) is not limited to being explicit, but can also be implicit (e.g., not notifying the predetermined information).

[0177] Software, whether called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or by other names, should be broadly interpreted as referring to commands, command sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc.

[0178] In addition, software, commands, information, etc., can be sent and received via a transmission medium. For example, when software is sent from a webpage, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) etc.) and wireless technologies (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of a transmission medium.

[0179] The information, signals, etc., described in this disclosure can also be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, the data, commands, instructions, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., that may be involved in the above description as a whole can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any combination of these.

[0180] Furthermore, the terms used in this disclosure and those necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms that have the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of the channel and symbol may also be a signal (signaling). Additionally, a signal may also be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may also be referred to as carrier frequency, cell, frequency carrier, etc.

[0181] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are used interchangeably.

[0182] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure can be represented using absolute values, relative values ​​to predetermined values, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources can be indicated using indexes.

[0183] The names used for the above parameters are non-limiting in any respect. Furthermore, the formulas, etc., using these parameters sometimes differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by all appropriate names, therefore the various names assigned to these channels and information elements are non-limiting in any respect.

[0184] In this disclosure, the terms "Base Station (BS)," "wireless base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" are used interchangeably. Sometimes, terms such as macro cell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell are also used to refer to base stations.

[0185] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells (also called sectors). When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which can also provide communication services through a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head: RRH)). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to a portion or the entire coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and base station subsystem providing communication services within that coverage area.

[0186] In this disclosure, the base station sending information to the terminal can also be replaced by the base station instructing the terminal on information-based control / actions.

[0187] In this disclosure, the terms "terminal", "user terminal", "mobile station (MS)" and "user equipment (UE)" are used interchangeably.

[0188] For mobile stations, those skilled in the art sometimes also use the following terms: subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handheld device, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other appropriate terms.

[0189] At least one of the base station and mobile station can also be referred to as a transmitting device, receiving device, communication device, etc. Furthermore, at least one of the base station and mobile station can also be a device mounted on a mobile body, the mobile body itself, etc. The mobile body refers to a movable object with an arbitrary speed of movement. It also includes situations where the mobile body is stationary. Examples of mobile bodies include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, rear cars, rickshaws, ships (ships and other watercraft), airplanes, rockets, artificial satellites, Drone (registered trademark), multi-rotor helicopters, quadcopter helicopters, balloons, and objects mounted on them. Additionally, the mobile body can also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on operating commands. It can be a means of transportation (e.g., car, airplane), a mobile body that moves unmanned (e.g., drone, autonomous vehicle), or a robot (humanized or unmanned). Furthermore, at least one of the base station and mobile station also includes devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station can be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0190] Furthermore, the base station in this disclosure can also be replaced by a terminal. For example, various forms / implementations of this disclosure can be applied to a structure that replaces the communication between the base station and the terminal with communication between multiple terminals (e.g., also referred to as D2D (Device-to-Device), V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything), etc.). In this case, the terminal 200 can also be configured to have the functions of the base station 100 described above. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be replaced with terms corresponding to communication between terminals (e.g., "side"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can also be replaced with side channel.

[0191] Similarly, the terminal in this disclosure can also be replaced by a base station. In this case, the base station 100 can also be configured to have the functions of the terminal 200 described above.

[0192] Figure 20 An example of the structure of vehicle 2001 is shown. For example... Figure 20As shown, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a gear shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013.

[0193] The drive unit 2002 may consist of, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid power system of an engine and a motor.

[0194] The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a steering wheel) configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0195] The electronic control unit 2010 consists of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (I / O port) 2033. Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2027 of the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 2010. The electronic control unit 2010 can also be referred to as an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0196] The signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 include current signals from current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, speed signals of the front and rear wheels obtained by speed sensor 2022, air pressure signals of the front and rear wheels obtained by air pressure sensor 2023, vehicle speed signals obtained by vehicle speed sensor 2024, acceleration signals obtained by acceleration sensor 2025, accelerator pedal input signals obtained by accelerator pedal sensor 2029, brake pedal input signals obtained by brake pedal sensor 2026, gear lever operation signals obtained by gear lever sensor 2027, and detection signals obtained by object detection sensor 2028 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0197] The Information Service Unit 2012 consists of various devices such as a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, television, and radio, which provide (output) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The Information Service Unit 2012 uses information obtained from external devices via communication modules 2013, etc., to provide various multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001.

[0198] The Information Services Department 2012 may include input devices that accept input from external sources (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) and output devices that implement output to external sources (e.g., monitor, speaker, LED light, touch panel, etc.).

[0199] The Driver Assistance System 2030 comprises various devices used to prevent accidents or reduce driver workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning devices (e.g., GNSS), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps), gyroscope systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System)), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. Furthermore, the Driver Assistance System 2030 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to achieve driver assistance or autonomous driving functions.

[0200] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and the components of the vehicle 2001 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 can send and receive data with the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, gear shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, microprocessor 2031 in the electronic control unit 2010, memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and sensors 2021 to 2029 in the vehicle 2001 via the communication port 2033.

[0201] The communication module 2013, controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010, is a communication device capable of communicating with external devices. For example, it can transmit and receive various types of information with external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 can be located inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. External devices can be, for example, base stations, mobile stations, etc.

[0202] The communication module 2013 can wirelessly transmit to an external device at least one of the signals input to the electronic control unit 2010 from the various sensors 2021-2029, information obtained based on those signals, and information obtained via the information service unit 2012 based on input from an external source (user). The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021-2029, and the information service unit 2012 can also be referred to as input units that receive input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 can contain information based on the aforementioned input.

[0203] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) sent from external devices and displays it on the information service unit 2012 provided by the vehicle. The information service unit 2012 can also be referred to as an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 2013 (or the data / information decoded from the PDSCH).

[0204] In addition, the communication module 2013 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 2032 available to the microprocessor 2031. The microprocessor 2031 can also control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, gear shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021 to 2029, etc., of the vehicle 2001 based on the information stored in the memory 2032.

[0205] As used in this disclosure, terms such as "determining" and "determining" sometimes encompass a variety of actions. For example, "determining" or "determining" may include actions such as judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, searching (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertaining, which are considered as actions of "determining" or "determining." Furthermore, "determining" or "determining" may include actions such as receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, and accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), which are considered as actions of "determining" or "determining." Additionally, "determining" or "determining" may include actions such as resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, and comparing, which are considered as actions of "determining" or "determining." That is, "judgment" and "decision" can include matters that are considered as having been "judged" or "decided". In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also be replaced by "assuming", "expecting", "considering", etc.

[0206] The terms “connected,” “coupled,” or any variations thereof are intended to indicate any direct or indirect connection or combination between two or more elements, including cases where there is one or more intermediate elements between the two elements that are “connected” or “coupled.” The combination or connection between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination of these. For example, “access” can be used instead of “connected.” In the context of this disclosure, it can be understood that two elements are “connected” or “coupled” to each other using at least one of one or more wires, cables, and printed electrical connections, and, as some non-limiting and non-inclusive examples, using electromagnetic energy with wavelengths in the wireless frequency domain, microwave region, and light (including both visible and invisible regions) to “connect” or “couple” to each other.

[0207] The reference signal can also be abbreviated as RS, or, depending on the standard applied, as a pilot.

[0208] As used in this disclosure, the word "based on" does not mean "based on only" unless otherwise expressly stated. In other words, the word "based on" means both "based on only" and "based on at least".

[0209] Any reference to elements using the designations "first," "second," etc., as used in this disclosure does not necessarily limit the number or order of these elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Therefore, references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements can be taken, or that the first element must precede the second element in any form.

[0210] Alternatively, the "unit" in the structure of the above devices can be replaced with "section", "circuit", "equipment", etc.

[0211] When the terms "include," "including," and their variations are used in this disclosure, these terms, like the term "comprising," imply inclusion. Furthermore, the term "or" as used in this disclosure does not refer to XOR.

[0212] A radio frame can consist of one or more frames in the time domain. Each frame in the time domain can be called a subframe. A subframe can also consist of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe can be a fixed duration (e.g., 1 ms) independent of the parameter set (numerology).

[0213] A parameter set can be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. For example, a parameter set can represent at least one of the following: Subcarrier Spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, Transmission Time Interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering processing performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processing performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0214] In the time domain, a time slot can be composed of one or more symbols (OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) symbols, etc.). A time slot can be a time unit based on a set of parameters.

[0215] A time slot can contain multiple mini-time slots. Each mini-time slot can consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Additionally, a mini-time slot can also be called a sub-time slot. A mini-time slot can consist of fewer symbols than a time slot. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in time units larger than mini-time slots can be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type (type) A. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using mini-time slots can be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type (type) B.

[0216] Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols all represent time units for transmitting signals. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols can each be referred to by other corresponding names.

[0217] For example, a single subframe can be called a Transmission Time Interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes can also be called a TTI, and a single time slot or a single mini-time slot can also be called a TTI. In other words, at least one of a subframe or TTI can be a subframe (1ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1ms (e.g., symbols 1-13), or a period longer than 1ms. Furthermore, the unit representing TTI can also be called a time slot, mini-time slot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0218] Here, TTI refers, for example, to the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For instance, in an LTE system, the base station schedules the allocation of radio resources (bandwidth, transmit power, etc., available to each terminal) to each terminal in units of TTI. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0219] The Time Interval (TTI) can be a unit of time for transmitting channel-coded data packets (transmission blocks), code blocks, codewords, etc., or it can be a processing unit such as scheduling or link adaptation. Furthermore, when a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) that the transmission block, code block, codeword, etc., are mapped to can be shorter than that TTI.

[0220] Furthermore, when one time slot or one mini time slot is referred to as a TTI, more than one TTI (i.e., more than one time slot or more than one mini time slot) can become the minimum time unit for scheduling. In addition, the number of time slots (mini time slots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling can also be controlled.

[0221] A TTI with a duration of 1ms can also be called a normal TTI (TTI in LTE Rel.8-12), a long TTI, a normal subframe, a long subframe, or a time slot. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI can also be called a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial or fractional TTI, a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini time slot, a sub-time slot, or a time slot.

[0222] Furthermore, for long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.), they can be replaced with TTIs with a duration of more than 1ms. For short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.), they can be replaced with TTIs with a duration of less than long TTIs but more than 1ms.

[0223] A resource block (RB) is a unit of resource allocation in both the time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, it can contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers contained in an RB can be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, it can be 12. The number of subcarriers contained in an RB can also be determined based on the parameter set.

[0224] In addition, the time domain of an RB can contain one or more symbols, which can be a time slot, a mini-time slot, a subframe, or a TTI in length. A TTI, a subframe, etc., can each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0225] In addition, one or more RBs can also be called Physical Resource Block (PRB), Sub-Carrier Group (SCG), Resource Element Group (REG), PRB pair, RB pair, etc.

[0226] In addition, a resource block can consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE can be a radio resource area consisting of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0227] The Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also known as partial bandwidth, etc.) can represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) used for a certain parameter set in a given carrier. Here, common RBs can be determined by indexing RBs based on a common reference point of that carrier. PRBs can be defined and numbered within a BWP.

[0228] A BWP can include a UL BWP and a DL BWP. One or more BWPs can be set for a UE within a single carrier.

[0229] At least one of the configured BWPs can be active, and the UE may not intend to transmit or receive predetermined signals / channels outside of the active BWP. Furthermore, the terms "cell," "carrier," etc., used in this disclosure can be replaced with "BWP."

[0230] The structures of radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols described above are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes contained in a radio frame, the number of time slots in each subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-time slots contained within a time slot, the number of symbols and RBs contained in a time slot or mini-time slot, the number of subcarriers contained in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, and other structures can be varied in many ways.

[0231] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure may refer to the maximum value of the transmit power, the nominal maximum transmit power, or the rated maximum transmit power.

[0232] In this disclosure, for example, in cases where articles are added through translation, such as in English (e.g., a, an, and the), this disclosure may also include cases where the noun following these articles is in a plural form.

[0233] In this disclosure, the phrase "A and B are different" can mean "A and B are not the same." Furthermore, this phrase can also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combined" can also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0234] The present disclosure has been described in detail above, but it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented as modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0235] (Postscript)

[0236] The aforementioned disclosure can also be expressed as follows.

[0237] The first feature is a base station comprising: a control unit that sets first and second resources that are discontinuous in frequency direction within a time unit of time division duplex; and a transmission unit that divides the first and second resources to transmit synchronization signals and physical broadcast channels.

[0238] The second feature is that, in the first feature, the transmitting unit uses the first resource to transmit the synchronization signal and uses the second resource to transmit the physical broadcast channel.

[0239] The third feature is that, in the first feature, the synchronization signal includes a primary synchronization signal and a secondary synchronization signal, and the transmitting unit uses the first resource to transmit the primary synchronization signal and uses the second resource to transmit the secondary synchronization signal.

[0240] The fourth feature is that, in the first feature, the transmitting unit uses the first resource to transmit a portion of the synchronization signal and a portion of the physical broadcast channel, and uses the second resource to transmit the remaining portion of the synchronization signal and the remaining portion of the physical broadcast channel.

[0241] The fifth feature is a base station comprising: a control unit that sets first and second resources that are discontinuous in frequency direction within a time unit of time division duplex; and a transmission unit that uses the first resource to transmit a synchronization signal and a physical broadcast channel, the synchronization signal including a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, and a third-level synchronization signal.

[0242] The sixth feature is that, in the fifth feature, the transmitting unit uses the second resource to transmit random access association information.

[0243] Label Explanation

[0244] 10 Wireless Communication Systems

[0245] 20 NG-RAN

[0246] 100 base stations

[0247] 110 Wireless Signal Transceiver Unit

[0248] 120 Enlarged Section

[0249] 130 Modulation and Demodulation Section

[0250] 140 Control Signal & Reference Signal Processing Unit

[0251] 150 Encoding / Decoding Unit

[0252] 160 Data Transceiver Department

[0253] 170 Control Department

[0254] 200 terminals

[0255] 210 Wireless Signal Transceiver Unit

[0256] 220 Control Department

[0257] 1001 processor

[0258] 1002 Memory

[0259] 1003 Storage device

[0260] 1004 Communication device

[0261] 1005 Input Device

[0262] 1006 Output Device

[0263] 1007 bus

[0264] Vehicle 2001

[0265] 2002 Drive Unit

[0266] 2003 Steering Unit

[0267] 2004 Accelerator Pedal

[0268] 2005 Brake Pedal

[0269] 2006 gearshift lever

[0270] Front wheels around 2007

[0271] 2008 rear wheels (left and right)

[0272] 2009 axle

[0273] 2010 Electronic Control Department

[0274] 2012 Information Service Department

[0275] 2013 Communication Module

[0276] 2021 Current Sensor

[0277] 2022 Speed ​​Sensor

[0278] 2023 Barometric Pressure Sensor

[0279] 2024 vehicle speed sensor

[0280] 2025 Accelerometer

[0281] 2026 Brake Pedal Sensor

[0282] 2027 Gearshift sensor

[0283] 2028 Object Detection Sensor

[0284] 2029 Accelerator Pedal Sensor

[0285] 2030 Driver Assistance Systems Department

[0286] 2031 microprocessor

[0287] 2032 Memory (ROM, RAM)

[0288] 2033 Communication Port (IO Port)

Claims

1. A base station, comprising: The control unit, within a time unit of time division duplex, sets first and second resources that are discontinuous in the frequency direction; and The transmitting unit is divided into the first resource and the second resource to transmit synchronization signals and physical broadcast channels.

2. The base station according to claim 1, wherein, The transmitting unit uses the first resource to transmit the synchronization signal and uses the second resource to transmit the physical broadcast channel.

3. The base station according to claim 1, wherein, The synchronization signal includes a primary synchronization signal and a secondary synchronization signal. The transmitting unit uses the first resource to transmit the primary synchronization signal and uses the second resource to transmit the secondary synchronization signal.

4. The base station according to claim 1, wherein, The transmitting unit uses the first resource to transmit a portion of the synchronization signal and a portion of the physical broadcast channel, and uses the second resource to transmit the remaining portion of the synchronization signal and the remaining portion of the physical broadcast channel.

5. A base station, comprising: The control unit, within a time unit of time division duplex, sets first and second resources that are discontinuous in the frequency direction; and The transmitting unit uses the first resource to transmit synchronization signals and the physical broadcast channel. The synchronization signal includes a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, and a third-level synchronization signal.

6. The base station according to claim 5, wherein, The sending unit uses the second resource to send random access association information.

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