A postoperative biliary tract T tube fixation nursing device

Abstract

This application relates to the field of medical device technology and discloses a T-tube fixation and care device after biliary tract surgery, including a base, a fixation cylinder, a movable magnetic ring, a corrugated sleeve, a clamping mechanism, and an anti-rotation locking assembly. The base has a medical hydrogel at its bottom, a central opening for a pipeline hole, and a lateral opening for connecting the pipeline hole. The base has an internal cavity for accommodating a shear-thickening fluid, and several sets of grids are fixedly connected within the cavity. The fixation cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the base, and its side wall has an adapter opening corresponding to the lateral opening. A fixing magnetic ring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the fixation cylinder. The shear-thickening fluid grids harden under sudden tensile force, forming rigid protection. This, combined with the magnetic repulsion between the movable and fixed magnetic rings, provides vertical buffering. Simultaneously, a ring array of clamping blades evenly grips the pipeline, and the lateral opening allows for quick and uninterrupted installation of the drainage tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a T-tube fixation and care device after biliary tract surgery. Background Technology

[0002] After biliary tract surgery, patients usually need to have a drainage tube placed in the common bile duct to drain bile and relieve biliary pressure. The drainage tube is usually left in place for a long time. During this period, the drainage tube passes through the patient's abdominal wall skin and connects to an external drainage bag. Because bile is highly corrosive and the biliary system is sensitive to external physical traction, if the drainage tube slips, shifts, or the drainage is obstructed, it can lead to bile leakage, causing bile dermatitis, and may even force the patient to undergo a second surgery. Therefore, providing a stable and reliable drainage tube fixation device is an essential part of postoperative care.

[0003] Currently, the conventional drainage tube fixation devices in clinical practice mostly use medical non-woven fabric dressings combined with simple plastic clip bases to directly fix the drainage tube to the abdominal wall surface. When installing the existing base, nurses usually need to first separate the drainage tube from the drainage bag, pass the end of the drainage tube through the central hole of the base, and then mechanically clamp the drainage tube with a plastic clip on one side. After the fixation operation is completed, the plastic clip base and the drainage tube are in an absolutely rigid connection state.

[0004] Existing drainage tube fixation devices have several limitations in actual clinical nursing. Due to their limited material and structure, existing bases cannot provide instantaneous rigid resistance to disperse the pulling force when the patient experiences sudden external forces such as accidental snagging of the drainage tube, which can easily lead to tube dislodgement. Furthermore, rigidly fixed buckle bases lack vertical buffering and decoupling structures, so the pulling force generated by the patient's daily breathing or turning over will directly act on the stoma, causing wound pain and traction. In addition, existing buckling mechanisms often cannot provide uniform clamping force, which can easily cause the drainage tube to be locally compressed and flattened. Moreover, the lack of circumferential locking and anti-rotation restraint makes the drainage tube prone to twisting and loosening within the base. At the same time, existing perforated bases require the drainage circuit to be disconnected and inserted from the end of the tube during installation, which is not only cumbersome but also increases the risk of disconnection and contamination at the drainage tube joint. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a T-tube fixation and care device for postoperative biliary tract surgery, which solves the problems of existing fixation devices being unable to simultaneously provide rigid locking against sudden pulling and elastic buffering for daily activities, and being prone to tube flattening, lacking anti-rotation constraints, and having to disconnect the tube during installation, resulting in a high risk of contamination.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a T-tube fixation and care device for biliary tract surgery, comprising... The base has a medical hydrogel at its bottom, a pipe hole in the center of the base and a slit on the side to connect the pipe hole, and a cavity inside the base for accommodating the shear-thickening fluid, with several sets of grids fixedly connected inside the cavity. A fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the base. The side wall of the fixed cylinder has an adapter opening corresponding to the cut. A fixed magnetic ring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder. A movable magnetic ring is coaxially sleeved inside a fixed cylinder and located above a fixed magnetic ring. The magnetic repulsion between the movable magnetic ring and the fixed magnetic ring is such that the inner wall of the fixed cylinder has a vertical guide groove, and a guide block that slides within the guide groove is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the movable magnetic ring. A corrugated sleeve is fitted inside a fixed cylinder. An upper connecting ring is installed at the top of the corrugated sleeve, and a lower connecting ring is installed at the bottom of the corrugated sleeve. C-shaped grooves are opened on both the fixed magnetic ring and the movable magnetic ring. Short sliders are fixed on both the upper and lower connecting rings. The short slider on the upper connecting ring slides in the C-shaped groove of the movable magnetic ring, and the short slider on the lower connecting ring slides in the C-shaped groove of the fixed magnetic ring. Openings are opened on the fixed magnetic ring, the movable magnetic ring, and the corrugated sleeve. A clamping mechanism includes a fixed ring and a rotating ring that rotatably engages with the fixed ring. The fixed ring is fixed inside a movable magnetic ring, and the rotating ring is fixedly connected to a short slider. Multiple clamping blades are evenly distributed circumferentially between the fixed ring and the rotating ring. One end of each clamping blade is rotatably connected to the fixed ring via a support shaft, and the other end of each clamping blade is linked to the rotating ring via a connecting frame. An anti-rotation locking assembly is provided on the movable magnetic ring to lock the position of the short slider so that the opening of the corrugated sleeve is staggered from the openings on the fixed magnetic ring and the movable magnetic ring, while fixing the clamping mechanism in the clamping position.

[0007] Preferably, the grids are staggered within the cavity. When the base is subjected to a sudden external force, the shear-thickening fluid located within the cavity undergoes a phase change and hardens, physically locking with the grids to disperse the tension on the base.

[0008] Preferably, in the initial installation state, the cut, the adapter port, the fixed magnetic ring, the movable magnetic ring, and the openings on the corrugated sleeve are all aligned with each other on the same vertical plane to form a connecting channel for the drainage tube to be laterally inserted into the pipeline hole.

[0009] Preferably, the clamping blades are distributed along the inner circumference of the fixing ring. When the rotating ring is rotated, the rotating ring drives multiple clamping blades to converge or disperse synchronously towards the center through the connecting frame.

[0010] Preferably, the corrugated sleeve is made of medical-grade silicone material, and the inner wall of the corrugated sleeve is uniformly coated with a medical antibacterial coating, and the side wall of the clamping blade is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped silicone pad.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the movable magnetic ring has an embedding groove, the short slider has an insertion port, and the anti-rotation locking assembly includes an insertion block, a guide rod, and a telescopic spring. The insertion block is inserted into the insertion port, the guide rod is fixed to the bottom of the insertion block, and is elastically connected to the embedding groove through the telescopic spring.

[0012] Preferably, the fixed cylinder is further provided with a leakage alarm mechanism, which includes a liquid absorption and expansion layer. The liquid absorption and expansion layer is bonded to the inside of the pipeline hole with medical double-sided adhesive. A connecting block is also bonded to the liquid absorption and expansion layer with medical double-sided adhesive. An upwardly extending indicator needle is connected to the outer end of the connecting block. A through groove is opened on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, and a viewing window is opened on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder. The indicator needle is located in the through groove, and the top of the indicator needle faces the viewing window.

[0013] Preferably, a vertical limiting rod is fixedly installed in the through groove, the connecting block is sleeved and slidably fitted on the limiting rod, and a return spring is sleeved on the limiting rod. The two ends of the return spring abut against the top of the connecting block and the inner wall of the through groove, respectively, to keep the indicator needle below the viewing window when the liquid absorption expansion layer has not expanded.

[0014] Preferably, a top rod is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting block, an clearance groove is provided on the inner side wall of the fixed cylinder, a communication port for connecting the clearance groove and the through groove is provided on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, the top rod is located in the communication port, a push plate is slidably connected in the clearance groove, several sets of stop rods are fixedly installed on the side wall of the push plate, a stop hole matching the stop rod is provided on the outer side wall of the movable magnetic ring, and a pressing block is fixedly installed on the side of the push plate away from the stop rod, and the side of the pressing block near the top rod is inclined.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the push rod is inlaid with multiple balls. When the liquid-absorbing expansion layer absorbs water and expands, driving the connecting block and the push rod to move upward, the push rod pushes the inclined surface of the squeezing block through the balls, causing the stop rod to extend outward and insert into the stop hole, thereby locking the vertical suspension degree of freedom of the moving magnetic ring.

[0016] This invention provides a T-tube fixation and care device after biliary tract surgery. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention combines a shear-thickening fluid within the base with a grid, which hardens upon sudden traction to form a rigid whole, effectively dispersing tension and preventing tube detachment. The magnetic repulsion between the moving and fixed magnetic rings provides non-contact vertical buffering, absorbing changes in patient position or tube displacement. The anti-rotation locking component locks the corrugated tube opening in a misaligned state and fixes the clamping mechanism, preventing the drainage tube from twisting or loosening. The annular array clamping blades, in conjunction with the arc-shaped silicone pad, evenly grip the tube, preventing hard pressure damage. The initial alignment design of the incision, adapter, and opening enables rapid lateral insertion of the drainage tube, simplifying the installation process.

[0017] 2. This invention utilizes the rapid expansion of the absorbent expansion layer upon contact with exudate. The volume change is converted into a visual upward displacement of the indicator needle within the viewing window via a connecting block, achieving passive, real-time, early leakage warning. This enables visual monitoring of the exudate status. The anti-false alarm structure, consisting of a limit rod and a reset spring, uses spring preload to resist daily vibration interference. The indicator needle is only triggered after the expansion force overcomes a set threshold, effectively filtering out invalid disturbances and achieving high accuracy and reliability in early warning. The absorbent expansion layer is fixed inside the pipe hole with medical double-sided tape, making installation and removal convenient and ensuring a tight fit, thus achieving integrated exudate monitoring components and devices.

[0018] 3. In this invention, the liquid-absorbing expansion layer drives the top rod to move upward when leakage occurs. The vertical displacement is converted into the horizontal sliding of the push plate by the ball bearings pushing the inclined surface of the compression block. This allows the stop rod to be inserted into the stop hole of the moving magnetic ring, thereby forcibly locking the vertical suspension degree of freedom of the magnetic ring. This achieves automatic braking protection against the floating pressure of the pipeline in the leakage state. At the same time, the ball bearings convert sliding friction into rolling friction, thereby reducing transmission resistance and avoiding jamming. This ensures sensitive and reliable triggering action. The expansion force of the liquid-absorbing expansion layer itself achieves the purpose of coordinated response without external power, realizing the integrated linkage of leakage warning and pipeline braking. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a top perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the separation of the base and the fixing cylinder in the present invention. Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the cross-sectional profile of the fixed cylinder of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of region A in the middle; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of region B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a top view of the cross-section of the fixed cylinder of the present invention; Figure 7This is a top view of the movable magnet, fixed magnet, and corrugated sleeve of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of region C in the middle.

[0020] The components are as follows: 1. Base; 2. Medical hydrogel; 3. Cavity; 4. Grille; 5. Pipe hole; 6. Incision; 7. Fixing cylinder; 8. Adapter port; 9. Fixing magnetic ring; 10. Moving magnetic ring; 11. C-groove; 12. Short slider; 13. Upper connecting ring; 14. Lower connecting ring; 15. Corrugated sleeve; 16. Embedded groove; 17. Insertion port; 18. Insert block; 19. Guide rod; 20. Telescopic spring; 21. Rotating ring; 22. Fixing ring; 2 3. Connecting frame; 24. Support shaft; 25. Clamping blade; 26. Guide groove; 27. Guide block; 28. Liquid absorption and expansion layer; 29. ​​Medical double-sided tape; 30. Connecting block; 31. Limiting rod; 32. Return spring; 33. Viewing window; 34. Indicator needle; 35. Through groove; 36. Clearance groove; 37. Connecting port; 38. Push rod; 39. Ball bearing; 40. Squeezing block; 41. Push plate; 42. Stop rod; 43. Stop hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example: Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 8This invention provides a T-tube fixation and nursing device for postoperative biliary tract surgery, including a base 1, a fixation cylinder 7, a movable magnetic ring 10, a corrugated sleeve 15, a clamping mechanism, and an anti-rotation locking assembly. The base 1 has a medical hydrogel 2 at its bottom, a central access hole 5, and a lateral incision 6 connecting to the access hole 5. The base 1 has a cavity 3 for accommodating a shear-thickening fluid. Several sets of grids 4 are fixedly connected within the cavity 3, forming a distributed support framework. The fixation cylinder 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1. The side wall of the fixation cylinder 7 has an adapter port 8 corresponding to the incision 6. A fixing magnetic ring 9 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the fixation cylinder 7. The movable magnetic ring 10 is coaxially sleeved within the fixation cylinder 7 and located within the fixing magnetic ring 9. Above, the magnetic repulsion between the movable magnetic ring 10 and the fixed magnetic ring 9 provides upward non-contact support for the movable magnetic ring 10 to absorb vertical displacement. A vertical guide groove 26 is provided on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 7. A guide block 27, which slides within the guide groove 26, is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the movable magnetic ring 10. The guide block 27, in conjunction with the guide groove 26, strictly restricts the circumferential rotation of the movable magnetic ring 10. A corrugated sleeve 15 is fitted inside the fixed cylinder 7. An upper connecting ring 13 is installed at the top of the corrugated sleeve 15, and a lower connecting ring 14 is installed at the bottom. C-shaped grooves 11 are provided on both the fixed magnetic ring 9 and the movable magnetic ring 10. Short sliders 12 are fixedly installed on both the upper connecting ring 13 and the lower connecting ring 14. The short sliders 12 located on the upper connecting ring 13... Block 12 slides within the C-groove 11 of the movable magnetic ring 10, and the short slider 12 on the lower connecting ring 14 slides within the C-groove 11 of the fixed magnetic ring 9. Both the fixed magnetic ring 9 and the movable magnetic ring 10 are axially magnetized to ensure that their relative repulsive force always remains vertically upward. During anti-rotation misalignment operation, rotating the rotating ring 21 causes the short slider 12 located on the upper connecting ring 13 to slide within the C-groove 11 of the movable magnetic ring 10. The upper connecting ring 13 rotates accordingly, and the corrugated sleeve 15, with the torsional stiffness of its wall, transmits the rotational torque downward to the lower connecting ring 14, forcing the short slider 12 on the lower connecting ring 14 to slide synchronously within the C-groove 11 of the fixed magnetic ring 9, thereby achieving overall rotation of the corrugated sleeve 15. The circumferentially offset rotation utilizes the sliding stroke of the short slider 12 within the C-groove 11 to limit the torsional range of the corrugated sleeve 15. Openings are provided on the fixed magnetic ring 9, the movable magnetic ring 10, and the corrugated sleeve 15. The clamping mechanism includes a fixed ring 22 and a rotating ring 21 that rotatably engages with the fixed ring 22. The fixed ring 22 is fixed within the movable magnetic ring 10, and the rotating ring 21 is fixedly connected to the short slider 12. Multiple clamping blades 25 are evenly distributed circumferentially between the fixed ring 22 and the rotating ring 21. One end of each clamping blade 25 is rotatably connected to the fixed ring 22 via a support shaft 24, which serves as the physical fulcrum for the deflection of the clamping blade 25. The other end of each clamping blade 25 is linked to the rotating ring 21 via a connecting frame 23, one end of which is rotatably connected to the rotating ring 21.The other end of the connecting frame 23 is rotatably connected to the clamping blade 25. When the rotating ring 21 rotates circumferentially, it causes the connecting frame 23 to shift. The connecting frame 23, relying on the hinge points at both ends, converts the circumferential rotation of the rotating ring 21 into a centripetal thrust that pushes the clamping blade 25 to deflect around the support shaft 24, thus completing the mechanical conversion from circular motion to radial clamping motion.

[0023] Medical hydrogel 2 is made of medical pressure-sensitive hydrogel material with body temperature responsive characteristics. The bottom surface of medical hydrogel 2 is self-adhesive, which can directly adhere to the skin surface around the patient's stoma by relying on the viscoelasticity of the hydrogel matrix. Medical hydrogel 2 provides skin adhesion and avoids tearing the patient's epidermis by utilizing the cohesive force of the hydrogel matrix during peeling.

[0024] The anti-rotation locking assembly is mounted on the movable magnetic ring 10 to lock the position of the short slider 12, so that the opening of the corrugated sleeve 15 is offset from the openings on the fixed magnetic ring 9 and the movable magnetic ring 10, and the clamping mechanism is fixed in the clamping position. The top of the movable magnetic ring 10 has an embedding groove 16, and the short slider 12 has an insertion port 17. The anti-rotation locking assembly includes a plug 18, a guide rod 19, and a telescopic spring 20. The plug 18 is inserted into the insertion port 17 to form a rigid mechanical limit. The guide rod 19 is fixed to the bottom of the plug 18 and is elastically connected to the embedding groove 16 through the telescopic spring 20.

[0025] The grids 4 are staggered in the cavity 3. When the base 1 is pulled by a sudden external force, the shear thickening fluid in the cavity 3 undergoes phase change hardening and physically locks with the grids 4, so that the shear thickening fluid and the grids 4 combine to form a rigid whole with structural support strength, thereby dispersing the tension on the base 1.

[0026] The shear-thickening fluid is composed of a dispersion medium and nano-sized silica particles uniformly suspended in the dispersion medium. Under static or low-speed shear conditions, the dispersion medium provides lubrication for the nano-sized silica particles, maintaining the liquid flow characteristics of the shear-thickening fluid.

[0027] The grid 4 is injection molded from medical-grade thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer material. The thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer material has flexibility and tensile strength. Under normal conditions, the grid 4 is allowed to bend and deform with the undulation of the patient's abdominal wall. When the shear thickening fluid undergoes phase transformation hardening, the grid 4 acts as a reinforcing skeleton to bear and transmit the mechanical stress generated by external tension, preventing the base 1 from structurally breaking. The shear thickening fluid fills the grid gaps formed by the intersection of several sets of grids 4. When the base 1 is subjected to slow daily deformation, the shear thickening fluid remains liquid and allows the grid 4 to bend accordingly. When it encounters sudden and violent tension, a large shear strain rate is generated inside the base 1, causing the suspended particles inside the shear thickening fluid to squeeze each other to form particle clusters, resulting in liquid-solid phase transformation hardening. The hardened solid particle clusters are constrained and stuck between the grid nodes of the grid 4, physically anchoring the originally independent grid 4 into a resistance network that cannot generate relative displacement, forcibly dispersing the concentrated tensile stress to a large area around the base 1.

[0028] In the initial installation state, the cut 6, the adapter port 8, the fixed magnetic ring 9, the movable magnetic ring 10 and the openings on the corrugated sleeve 15 are all aligned with each other on the same vertical plane, eliminating the cumbersome steps of inserting the drainage tube, so as to form a connecting channel for the drainage tube to be inserted laterally into the pipe hole 5.

[0029] The clamping blades 25 are distributed along the inner circumference of the fixing ring 22, forming a ring array clamping structure. When the rotating ring 21 is rotated, the rotating ring 21 drives the multiple clamping blades 25 to converge or disperse towards the center through the connecting frame 23. When the multiple clamping blades 25 converge to the inner limit position, the inner edges of the multiple clamping blades 25 approach each other and surround to form the minimum safe aperture. The minimum safe aperture is to retain the drainage cavity of the drainage tube and maintain the bile drainage channel.

[0030] The corrugated sleeve 15 is made of medical-grade silicone material, and the inner wall of the corrugated sleeve 15 is uniformly coated with a medical antibacterial coating. The side wall of the clamping blade 25 is fixed with an arc-shaped silicone pad. The arc-shaped silicone pad increases the frictional resistance with the surface of the drainage tube and prevents hard pressure damage to the tube.

[0031] The fixed cylinder 7 is also equipped with a leakage alarm mechanism, which includes a liquid absorption expansion layer 28. The liquid absorption expansion layer 28 is bonded to the pipeline hole 5 by medical double-sided tape 29. A connecting block 30 is also bonded to the liquid absorption expansion layer 28 by medical double-sided tape 29. An upwardly extending indicator needle 34 is connected to the outer end of the connecting block 30. A through groove 35 is opened on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 7, and a viewing window 33 is opened on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 7. The indicator needle 34 is located in the through groove 35, which converts the volume expansion generated by the liquid absorption expansion layer 28 into the linear displacement of the indicator needle 34, and the top of the indicator needle 34 is directly facing the viewing window 33.

[0032] The substrate of the liquid-absorbing expansion layer 28 is made of medical-grade superabsorbent polymer (SAP). The SAP has a cross-linked network structure. When it encounters bile exudate, the SAP rapidly absorbs the liquid through osmotic pressure and expands in volume, converting chemical potential energy into an upward mechanical thrust to meet the power requirements of the connecting block 30 to overcome the preload of the return spring 32. The liquid-absorbing expansion layer 28 is embedded in the confined space between the inner wall of the pipe hole 5 and the inner wall of the fixing cylinder 7. The bottom and sides of the liquid-absorbing expansion layer 28 are rigidly constrained by the base 1 and the fixing cylinder 7. When the liquid-absorbing expansion layer 28 absorbs bile and expands in volume, the confined space blocks the horizontal and downward expansion freedom, forcibly guiding the energy released by the expansion of the material into a single upward vertical expansion thrust, ensuring that the generated thrust can stably overcome the resistance of the return spring 32 and lift the connecting block 30.

[0033] A vertical limiting rod 31 is fixedly installed inside the through groove 35. The connecting block 30 is sleeved and slidably fitted on the limiting rod 31. A return spring 32 is sleeved on the limiting rod 31. The two ends of the return spring 32 abut against the top of the connecting block 30 and the inner wall of the through groove 35, respectively. The pre-tightening force set by the return spring 32 overcomes the vibration interference caused by daily activities and is used to keep the indicator needle 34 below the viewing window 33 when the liquid absorption expansion layer 28 has not expanded.

[0034] Considering the corrosive properties of bile, both the telescopic spring 20 and the return spring 32 are made of medical-grade titanium alloy, or the surface of the telescopic spring 20 and the return spring 32 is wrapped with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-corrosion coating to prevent the springs from rusting, breaking or fatigue jamming when in a potential leakage environment for a long time, and to ensure that the anti-rotation locking component and the leakage alarm mechanism maintain long-term mechanical linkage reliability.

[0035] A top rod 38 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting block 30. A clearance groove 36 is provided on the inner side wall of the fixed cylinder 7. A connecting port 37 is provided on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 7 to connect the clearance groove 36 and the through groove 35. The top rod 38 is located in the connecting port 37. A push plate 41 is slidably connected in the clearance groove 36. Several sets of stop rods 42 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the push plate 41. A stop hole 43 matching the stop rod 42 is provided on the outer side wall of the moving magnetic ring 10. A pressing block 40 is fixedly installed on the side of the push plate 41 away from the stop rod 42. As a force transmission and reversal component, the side of the pressing block 40 near the top rod 38 is inclined to smoothly decompose the upward vertical thrust of the top rod 38 into a lateral sliding component.

[0036] Multiple balls 39 are embedded in the top of the push rod 38. When the liquid-absorbing expansion layer 28 absorbs water and expands, driving the connecting block 30 and the push rod 38 to move upward, the push rod 38 pushes the inclined surface of the squeezing block 40 through the balls 39. The balls 39 convert the sliding friction between the push rod 38 and the squeezing block 40 into rolling friction to reduce resistance, so that the stop rod 42 extends outward and inserts into the stop hole 43, forcibly stopping the up and down floating of the moving magnetic ring 10 to avoid repeated pressure on the inflamed skin, thereby locking the vertical suspension freedom of the moving magnetic ring 10.

[0037] Working principle: In the initial installation state, the nurse aligns the incision 6, the adapter port 8, the fixed magnetic ring 9, the movable magnetic ring 10, and the opening on the corrugated sleeve 15 to the same vertical plane. The drainage tube is then inserted laterally into the tube hole 5. The rotating ring 21 is then rotated clockwise. On one hand, the rotating ring 21 drives multiple clamping blades 25 towards the center via the connecting bracket 23, evenly clamping the drainage tube using the arc-shaped silicone pad. On the other hand, it drives the short slider 12 to slide within the C-groove 11, causing the corrugated sleeve 15 to rotate circumferentially, aligning the opening of the corrugated sleeve 15 with the fixed magnetic ring 9 and the movable magnetic ring 10. The openings are staggered to form a closed physical channel. After locking, the telescopic spring 20 releases its elastic force upward to push the insert 18 into the insertion port 17, completing the anti-rotation locking of the rotating ring 21. When it is necessary to disassemble or adjust the drainage tube, the caregiver presses the insert 18 inward to overcome the elastic force of the telescopic spring 20, causing the insert 18 to disengage from the insertion port 17. Then, the rotating ring 21 can be rotated in the opposite direction to release the clamping state. During daily wear, the moving magnetic ring 10 is supported by the magnetic repulsion force of the bottom fixed magnetic ring 9. Under the circumferential limit of the guide block 27 and the guide groove 26, it drives the clamping mechanism to perform vertical levitation and lifting. The corrugated sleeve 15 moves axially in sync with the moving magnetic ring 10, absorbing the vertical tensile displacement caused by the patient's breathing fluctuations through the suspension structure. When the base 1 is subjected to unexpected external force, the shear-thickening fluid inside the cavity 3 undergoes phase change hardening and physically locks with the internal grid 4 to form a rigid support to disperse the tension on the base 1. When bile leakage occurs at the patient's stoma, the absorbent expansion layer 28 located in the inner ring of the base 1 absorbs water and expands, overcoming the pre-tightening force set by the return spring 32 and pushing the connecting block 30 upward along the limiting rod 31. The indicator needle 34 at the outer end of the connecting block 30... The through groove 35 moves upward and is exposed to the outside of the fixed cylinder 7 through the viewing window 33 for visual alarm of leakage. At the same time, the top rod 38 on the top of the connecting block 30 moves upward synchronously. The ball 39 at the top of the top rod 38 pushes the inclined surface of the squeezing block 40 upward, converting the vertical thrust into the lateral component force, forcing the push plate 41 to move laterally inward in the relief groove 36. The stop rod 42 on the side wall of the push plate 41 then extends inward and accurately inserts into the stop hole 43 on the outer side wall of the moving magnetic ring 10, forcibly locking the vertical sliding freedom of the moving magnetic ring 10, preventing the device from continuing to float downward and compressing the stoma skin that has leakage and inflammation.

[0038] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A T-tube fixation and care device after biliary tract surgery, characterized in that, include The base (1) has a medical hydrogel (2) at the bottom. The base (1) has a pipe hole (5) in the center and a cut (6) connecting the pipe hole (5) on the side. The base (1) has a cavity (3) inside for accommodating shear thickening fluid. Several sets of grids (4) are fixedly connected inside the cavity (3). The fixed cylinder (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1). The side wall of the fixed cylinder (7) is provided with an adapter (8) corresponding to the cut (6). A fixed magnetic ring (9) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (7). A movable magnetic ring (10) is coaxially sleeved inside a fixed cylinder (7) and located above a fixed magnetic ring (9). The magnetic properties of the movable magnetic ring (10) and the fixed magnetic ring (9) are repulsive. A vertical guide groove (26) is provided on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (7). A guide block (27) that slides in the guide groove (26) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the movable magnetic ring (10). A corrugated sleeve (15) is fitted inside a fixed cylinder (7). An upper connecting ring (13) is installed at the top of the corrugated sleeve (15), and a lower connecting ring (14) is installed at the bottom of the corrugated sleeve (15). C-shaped grooves (11) are provided on both the fixed magnetic ring (9) and the movable magnetic ring (10). Short sliders (12) are fixed on both the upper connecting ring (13) and the lower connecting ring (14). The short sliders (12) on the upper connecting ring (13) are slidably fitted in the C-shaped groove (11) of the movable magnetic ring (10), and the short sliders (12) on the lower connecting ring (14) are slidably fitted in the C-shaped groove (11) of the fixed magnetic ring (9). Openings are provided on the fixed magnetic ring (9), the movable magnetic ring (10), and the corrugated sleeve (15). The clamping mechanism includes a fixed ring (22) and a rotating ring (21) that rotates with the fixed ring (22). The fixed ring (22) is fixed inside the movable magnetic ring (10). The rotating ring (21) is fixedly connected to the short slider (12). Multiple clamping blades (25) are evenly distributed around the fixed ring (22) and the rotating ring (21). One end of the clamping blade (25) is rotatably connected to the fixed ring (22) through a support shaft (24). The other end of the clamping blade (25) is linked with the rotating ring (21) through a connecting frame (23). An anti-rotation locking assembly is provided on the movable magnetic ring (10) to lock the position of the short slider (12) so that the opening of the corrugated sleeve (15) is staggered from the openings on the fixed magnetic ring (9) and the movable magnetic ring (10), while fixing the clamping mechanism in the clamping position.

2. The postoperative T-tube fixation and nursing device for biliary tract surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grids (4) are staggered in the cavity (3). When the base (1) is pulled by a sudden external force, the shear thickening fluid in the cavity (3) hardens by phase change and physically locks with the grids (4) to disperse the tension on the base (1).

3. The postoperative T-tube fixation and nursing device for biliary tract surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the initial installation state, the cut (6), adapter (8), fixed magnetic ring (9), movable magnetic ring (10) and the openings on the corrugated sleeve (15) are all aligned with each other on the same vertical plane to form a connecting channel for the drainage tube to be inserted laterally into the pipeline hole (5).

4. The postoperative T-tube fixation and nursing device for biliary tract surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping blades (25) are distributed along the inner circumference of the fixing ring (22). When the rotating ring (21) is rotated, the rotating ring (21) drives multiple clamping blades (25) to converge or disperse towards the center synchronously through the connecting frame (23).

5. The postoperative T-tube fixation and nursing device for biliary tract surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The corrugated sleeve (15) is made of medical-grade silicone material, and the inner wall of the corrugated sleeve (15) is uniformly coated with a medical antibacterial coating. The side wall of the clamping blade (25) is fixed with an arc-shaped silicone pad.

6. The postoperative T-tube fixation and nursing device for biliary tract surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable magnetic ring (10) has an embedded groove (16) at the top, and the short slider (12) has an insertion port (17). The anti-rotation locking assembly includes a plug (18), a guide rod (19) and a telescopic spring (20). The plug (18) is inserted into the insertion port (17), and the guide rod (19) is fixed to the bottom of the plug (18) and is elastically connected to the embedded groove (16) through the telescopic spring (20).

7. The postoperative T-tube fixation and nursing device for biliary tract surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed cylinder (7) is also provided with a leakage alarm mechanism, which includes a liquid absorption expansion layer (28). The liquid absorption expansion layer (28) is bonded to the pipeline hole (5) by medical double-sided tape (29). A connecting block (30) is also bonded to the liquid absorption expansion layer (28) by medical double-sided tape (29). An upwardly extending indicator needle (34) is connected to the outer end of the connecting block (30). A through groove (35) is opened on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (7). A viewing window (33) is opened on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder (7). The indicator needle (34) is located in the through groove (35), and the top of the indicator needle (34) is directly facing the viewing window (33).

8. The postoperative T-tube fixation and nursing device for biliary tract surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that, A vertical limiting rod (31) is fixedly installed in the through groove (35). The connecting block (30) is sleeved and slidably fitted on the limiting rod (31). A reset spring (32) is sleeved on the limiting rod (31). The two ends of the reset spring (32) abut against the top of the connecting block (30) and the inner wall of the through groove (35) respectively, and are used to keep the indicator needle (34) below the viewing window (33) when the liquid absorption expansion layer (28) has not expanded.

9. The postoperative T-tube fixation and nursing device for biliary tract surgery according to claim 8, characterized in that, A top rod (38) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting block (30). A clearance groove (36) is provided on the inner side wall of the fixed cylinder (7). A communication port (37) for connecting the clearance groove (36) and the through groove (35) is provided on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (7). The top rod (38) is located in the communication port (37). A push plate (41) is slidably connected in the clearance groove (36). Several sets of stop rods (42) are fixedly installed on the side wall of the push plate (41). A stop hole (43) matching the stop rod (42) is provided on the outer side wall of the moving magnetic ring (10). A pressing block (40) is fixedly installed on the side of the push plate (41) away from the stop rod (42). The side of the pressing block (40) near the top rod (38) is inclined.

10. The postoperative T-tube fixation and nursing device for biliary tract surgery according to claim 9, characterized in that, The top of the top rod (38) is inlaid with multiple balls (39). When the liquid-absorbing expansion layer (28) absorbs water and expands, driving the connecting block (30) and the top rod (38) to move upward, the top rod (38) pushes the inclined surface of the squeezing block (40) through the balls (39), causing the stop rod (42) to extend outward and insert into the stop hole (43) to lock the vertical suspension degree of freedom of the moving magnetic ring (10).

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