A lift driving and braking system based on the principle of jet anti-pushing without drag

Abstract

This invention discloses a tractionless elevator lifting and braking system based on the jet thrust principle, comprising a car jet drive module, a shaft flow guiding module, a condition monitoring unit, and an intelligent control and power supply redundancy module. The car jet drive module includes an upper high-pressure jet mechanism and a lower high-pressure jet mechanism respectively installed at the top and bottom of the car. The shaft flow guiding module includes guide plates and airflow guide channels arranged vertically along the inner wall of the shaft. The condition monitoring unit integrates a car speed sensor, a position encoder, an acceleration acquisition module, a load acquisition unit, and a top / bottom limit switch, collecting real-time signals of car speed, position, acceleration, load, and abnormal displacement. The intelligent control and power supply redundancy module incorporates a main control unit, a frequency converter control subunit, an emergency energy storage power supply, and a fault alarm unit. This invention features a simple structure while improving safety, stability, and passenger comfort, and is suitable for various high-rise building elevators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of elevator drive and safety protection technology, specifically to a tractionless elevator lifting and braking system based on the jet thrust principle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most elevators on the market use a traction drive system, which relies on a traction machine, steel cables, guide wheels, and other transmission components. The traction machine drives the steel cables to pull the car up and down. This traditional drive system has many unavoidable technical drawbacks: 1. Complex transmission structure: It requires multiple components such as traction machine, wire rope, guide wheel, counterweight to work together. The equipment is large in size, difficult to install, occupies space in the shaft and machine room, and has high maintenance costs. It is necessary to regularly check the wear of wire rope, lubrication of traction machine, etc., resulting in a large amount of maintenance work. 2. Significant safety hazards: Long-term use of wire ropes can easily lead to problems such as wear, broken wires, and slippage. Once the wire rope breaks, it will directly cause extreme safety accidents such as the car falling. Traction machine failure can also cause the elevator to go out of control, affecting the safety of people's lives. 3. Poor lifting comfort: Traction drive has mechanical transmission gaps, which can easily cause jerking when the elevator starts and brakes, and the vibration of the steel wire rope will generate noise, affecting the riding experience; 4. Limited adaptability: For high-rise and heavy-duty elevators, more powerful traction machines and thicker steel cables are required, which not only increases equipment costs but also increases the load on the shaft, limiting their application in some special scenarios.

[0003] While there are a few traction-free elevator solutions in the current technology, such as magnetic levitation elevators and propeller-driven elevators, magnetic levitation elevators are extremely expensive and technically complex, making large-scale promotion difficult. Propeller-driven elevators have no shaft design, are only suitable for specific scenarios, and lack sufficient safety and stability. In addition, existing airflow-related technologies are only used for elevator ventilation, noise reduction, or emergency deceleration, and have not applied the jet thrust principle to the active lifting and lowering drive of elevators, nor have they formed an integrated "drive + braking" system.

[0004] The jet thrust reverse principle used in aircraft takeoff and landing utilizes the reverse force generated by engine exhaust to achieve acceleration during takeoff and deceleration during braking. This technology is mature and highly reliable. Applying this principle to the elevator field to construct a traction-free elevator drive and braking integrated system can effectively solve many of the shortcomings of traditional traction elevators, representing an important innovative direction for elevator drive technology. Therefore, developing a traction-free elevator drive and braking system based on the jet thrust reverse principle has significant practical implications and application value. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of traditional traction elevators, such as complex transmission structure, high maintenance cost, prominent safety hazards, and poor lifting comfort. It provides a tractionless elevator lifting drive and braking system based on the jet thrust principle. This system draws on the jet thrust and air damping braking principle of aircraft to realize the integration of tractionless active lifting and emergency braking of the elevator. Its structure is simple and helps to improve safety stability and riding comfort. It can be adapted to various high-rise building elevators and fills the technical gap of tractionless jet drive elevators.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A lifting and braking system for a tractionless elevator based on the principle of jet thrust reverse propulsion includes a car jet drive module, a shaft flow guiding module, a working condition detection unit, and an intelligent control and power supply redundancy module. The car jet drive module includes an upper high-pressure jet mechanism and a lower high-pressure jet mechanism respectively installed on the top and bottom of the car. Both the upper and lower high-pressure jet mechanisms include a high-pressure fan, a directional nozzle, an angle adjustment component, and a silent protective shell. The directional nozzle can jet air in both directions, upward and downward. During normal lifting and lowering, the car is driven to rise or fall by adjusting the jet direction and power, using the reaction force of the reverse airflow. In abnormal operating conditions, air damping and reverse thrust are generated by reverse strong jet to achieve emergency braking. The wellbore flow guiding module includes a flow guiding plate and an airflow guiding groove arranged vertically along the inner wall of the wellbore. The flow guiding plate and the airflow guiding groove cooperate to guide the jet airflow in a directional manner. The working condition detection unit integrates a car speed sensor, a position encoder, an acceleration acquisition module, a load acquisition unit, and a top / bottom limit switch to collect real-time car running speed, position, acceleration, load, and abnormal displacement signals. The intelligent control and power supply redundancy module has a built-in main control unit, frequency conversion control subunit, emergency energy storage power supply, and fault alarm unit; it receives real-time signals from the working condition detection unit and adjusts the jet direction, jet power, and jet timing of the upper and lower high-pressure jet mechanisms according to elevator operation instructions and working condition parameters; it realizes frequency conversion speed regulation during normal lifting and lowering, and triggers reverse strong jet emergency braking in abnormal working conditions.

[0007] Furthermore, the high-pressure fans of the upper and lower high-pressure jet mechanisms are variable frequency high-pressure axial flow fans, and the jet power can be adaptively adjusted according to the car load and lifting speed requirements.

[0008] Furthermore, both the upper and lower high-pressure jet mechanisms are equipped with angle adjustment components at their directional nozzles, enabling directional jet adjustment from 0 to 90°.

[0009] Furthermore, when the car is moving upward, the lower high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air downward in a directional manner, generating an upward counter-thrust force to lift the car up; when the car is moving downward, the upper high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air upward in a directional manner, generating a downward counter-thrust force to suppress the car from descending. The lifting speed can be precisely controlled by adjusting the jet power.

[0010] Furthermore, when the upward speed of the car is detected to be excessive or an overshoot is predicted, the upper high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air downwards and the lower high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air upwards, forming a bidirectional reverse thrust and air damping to quickly suppress the upward movement of the car and achieve overshoot braking; when the car is detected to be falling rapidly or falling at excessive speed, the lower high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air upwards and the upper high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air downwards, forming an air cushion support and bidirectional air damping to counteract the downward gravity inertia and achieve downward braking; during the braking process, the jet power is dynamically adjusted according to the car load and real-time speed.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide plate of the wellbore flow guiding module adopts a streamlined structure, and the airflow guiding grooves are uniformly arranged vertically along the wellbore.

[0012] Furthermore, the emergency energy storage power supply adopts a large-capacity energy storage capacitor and a backup battery pack, which can drive the high-pressure jet mechanism to work briefly when the elevator main power supply fails or the control system fails, so as to achieve emergency braking and smooth stopping.

[0013] Furthermore, the intelligent control and power supply redundancy module also integrates a fault self-diagnosis function, which can monitor the working status of the upper high-pressure jet mechanism, lower high-pressure jet mechanism, well guide module, and working condition detection unit in real time. When a fault occurs, a fault alarm is immediately triggered, and the corresponding emergency braking logic is activated according to the fault type.

[0014] Furthermore, the silent protective housings of the upper high-pressure jet mechanism and the lower high-pressure jet mechanism are made of sound-insulating and noise-reducing materials.

[0015] Furthermore, a shock-absorbing and buffering assembly is provided between the upper high-pressure jet mechanism, the lower high-pressure jet mechanism and the car.

[0016] Compared to existing technologies: This invention applies the jet thrust reverse principle of aircraft takeoff and landing to the elevator field, abandoning the traditional traction machine and wire rope drive, and constructing an integrated system of "jet drive + reverse jet braking", as detailed below: 1. Traction-free drive design: High-pressure jet mechanisms are arranged at the top and bottom of the car. By controlling the jet direction and power, the elevator can actively lift and lower using the reaction force of the reverse airflow. There is no need for traditional transmission components such as traction machine, steel wire rope, and counterweight. The structure is greatly simplified and the installation and maintenance costs are significantly reduced. 2. Integrated drive and braking: The same high-pressure jet mechanism is used for both normal lifting and emergency braking under abnormal conditions, eliminating the need for an additional independent braking device, simplifying the system structure and improving system reliability; frequency conversion speed regulation during normal lifting and reverse strong jetting during braking achieves smooth braking without any jerking. 3. Directional airflow optimization: Streamlined guide vanes and airflow guide channels are installed in the shaft to guide the jet airflow in a directional manner, avoid airflow turbulence, enhance the reverse thrust and air damping effect, improve the stability of lifting and braking, and reduce airflow noise; 4. Adaptive control: The working condition detection unit collects parameters such as car load, speed, and position in real time. The intelligent control module dynamically adjusts the jet power and direction to adapt to different loads and different lifting speed requirements, ensuring smooth lifting and reliable braking. 5. Redundant safety design: Equipped with an emergency energy storage power supply, it can still achieve emergency braking and smooth stopping under extreme power failure conditions; it integrates fault self-diagnosis function to promptly detect and handle equipment faults, thereby improving system safety redundancy.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. Simple structure and convenient maintenance: It does not require complex transmission components such as traction machine, wire rope, and counterweight. The equipment is small in size, easy to install, and occupies little space in the shaft and machine room. There is no mechanical contact wear. Only the high-pressure jet mechanism and sensors need to be maintained in the later stage, resulting in low maintenance cost and little workload. 2. High safety and stability: There are no safety hazards such as wire rope slippage or breakage. The drive and braking are integrated. In abnormal working conditions, reverse strong jet can quickly achieve emergency braking. The braking deceleration is smooth and controllable, meeting national safety standards. Equipped with power supply redundancy and fault self-diagnosis function, it further improves safety and reliability. 3. Excellent ride comfort: Variable frequency speed control jet drive ensures smooth start-up and braking; quiet protection and shock absorption design reduce noise and vibration, enhancing the riding experience; 4. High adaptability: The jet power can be adjusted according to the needs, adapting to different lifting speeds from 0.5m / s to 6m / s, suitable for elevators in various high-rise buildings such as residential, commercial, and super high-rise buildings; no need to modify the core structure of the shaft, it can be adapted to both newly installed elevators and the renovation of old elevators; 5. Highly innovative: The principle of jet thrust reverse propulsion is applied for the first time to the active lifting and braking of elevators, which innovates the elevator drive method and fills the technological gap of jet-driven elevators without traction. It has broad commercial value and application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the car structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0021] To illustrate the technical solution described in this invention, specific embodiments are described below.

[0022] Example Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides a tractionless elevator lifting and braking system based on the jet thrust principle, including a car jet drive module, a shaft flow guiding module, a working condition detection unit, and an intelligent control and power supply redundancy module.

[0023] Specifically: The car jet drive module includes an upper high-pressure jet mechanism and a lower high-pressure jet mechanism respectively installed on the top and bottom of the car. Both the upper and lower high-pressure jet mechanisms include a high-pressure fan, a directional nozzle, an angle adjustment component, and a silent protective shell. The directional nozzle can jet air in both directions, upward and downward. During normal lifting and lowering, the car is driven to rise or fall by adjusting the jet direction and power, using the reaction force of the reverse airflow. In abnormal operating conditions, air damping and reverse thrust are generated by reverse strong jet to achieve emergency braking.

[0024] The shaft flow guiding module includes a flow guiding plate and an airflow guiding groove arranged vertically along the inner wall of the shaft. The flow guiding plate and the airflow guiding groove cooperate to guide the jet airflow in a directional manner, enhance the reverse thrust and air damping effect, and avoid airflow turbulence from affecting the lifting and braking stability.

[0025] The working condition detection unit integrates a car speed sensor, a position encoder, an acceleration acquisition module, a load acquisition unit, and a top / bottom limit switch to collect real-time car running speed, position, acceleration, load, and abnormal displacement signals. The intelligent control and power supply redundancy module has a built-in main control unit, frequency conversion control subunit, emergency energy storage power supply, and fault alarm unit; it receives real-time signals from the working condition detection unit and adjusts the jet direction, jet power, and jet timing of the upper and lower high-pressure jet mechanisms according to elevator operation instructions and working condition parameters; it realizes frequency conversion speed regulation during normal lifting and lowering, and triggers reverse strong jet emergency braking in abnormal working conditions.

[0026] The high-pressure fans of the upper and lower high-pressure jet mechanisms are variable frequency high-pressure axial flow fans, and the jet power can be adaptively adjusted according to the car load and lifting speed requirements. The directional nozzles of the upper and lower high-pressure jet mechanisms are equipped with angle adjustment components, which can realize 0-90° directional jet adjustment, ensuring the accuracy of the reverse thrust direction and adapting to different working conditions of lifting and braking.

[0027] The normal lifting drive logic is as follows: when the car is moving upward, the lower high-pressure jet mechanism sprays jets downward in a directional direction, generating an upward counter-thrust force to lift the car up; when the car is moving downward, the upper high-pressure jet mechanism sprays jets jets upward in a directional direction, generating a downward counter-thrust force to suppress the car from descending. By adjusting the jet power, the lifting speed can be precisely controlled, and the lifting speed can be adapted to different scenario requirements from 0.5m / s to 6m / s.

[0028] The abnormal braking logic is as follows: When the car is detected to be traveling at excessive speed or overshooting, the upper high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air downwards and the lower high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air upwards, forming a bidirectional reverse thrust and air damping to quickly suppress the car's upward movement and achieve overshoot braking; when the car is detected to be rapidly falling or going down at excessive speed, the lower high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air upwards and the upper high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air downwards, forming an air cushion lift and bidirectional air damping to counteract the downward gravitational inertia and achieve downward braking; during braking, the jet power is dynamically adjusted according to the car's load and real-time speed to ensure that the braking deceleration is stable within the national standard safety range of 0.2g to 1.0g.

[0029] The guide plate of the shaft flow guiding module adopts a streamlined structure, and the airflow guiding groove is evenly arranged vertically along the shaft, which can guide the airflow to flow in a directional manner along the inner wall of the shaft, reduce airflow turbulence and energy loss, and at the same time reduce airflow noise during elevator lifting.

[0030] The emergency energy storage power supply uses a large-capacity energy storage capacitor and a backup battery pack. It can drive the high-pressure jet mechanism to work for a short time when the elevator main power supply fails or the control system fails, so as to achieve emergency braking and smooth stopping, and meet the failure safety design principle of special equipment.

[0031] The intelligent control and power supply redundancy module also integrates a fault self-diagnosis function, which can monitor the working status of the upper high-pressure jet mechanism, lower high-pressure jet mechanism, shaft guide module and working condition detection unit in real time. When a fault occurs, it immediately triggers a fault alarm and starts the corresponding emergency braking logic according to the fault type to ensure elevator safety.

[0032] The soundproof protective shells of the upper and lower high-pressure jet mechanisms are made of sound-insulating and noise-reducing materials; shock-absorbing and buffering components are installed between the upper and lower high-pressure jet mechanisms and the car to reduce noise and vibration during the jetting process and improve ride comfort.

[0033] Better, such as Figure 2 As shown, electromagnetic clamping modules adapted to the wire rope are also installed on both sides of the car. When the elevator is level or stopped, the electromagnetic clamping modules (the principle is the same as the traction machine brake principle) stop the elevator in the shaft and control it through the intelligent control system.

[0034] 1. Overall assembly: A high-pressure jet mechanism is installed at the center of the top of the elevator car, and a lower high-pressure jet mechanism is installed at the center of the bottom. Both jet mechanisms are equipped with silent protective shells and shock-absorbing buffer components. The silent protective shells are made of sound-insulating and noise-reducing materials to reduce noise and vibration during the jetting process. Both the top and bottom nozzles are equipped with angle adjustment components, enabling directional jetting adjustment from 0-90°. Streamlined guide plates are evenly arranged vertically along the inner wall of the elevator shaft, with airflow guide channels between the guide plates. The guide plates and airflow guide channels are fixed to the shaft wall to guide the directional flow of airflow. The speed sensor, acceleration acquisition module, and load acquisition unit of the operating condition detection unit are installed at the top of the car. The position encoder and overshoot / undershoot limit switches are installed at the top and bottom of the shaft. The intelligent control and power supply redundancy module is installed in the control box at the top of the car. The emergency energy storage power supply is connected to the main power supply unit to ensure stable power supply.

[0035] 2. Normal lifting drive mode: (1) Car ascending: After receiving the ascending command, the main control unit controls the high-pressure jet mechanism to start, and the nozzle sprays jets downward in a directional manner to generate an upward counter-thrust force to lift the car up; according to the car load and the preset ascending speed, the jet power is adjusted by frequency conversion. The greater the load, the greater the jet power, to ensure a stable ascending speed; the guide plate and airflow guide groove of the shaft guide module guide the downward jet airflow along the inner wall of the shaft to avoid airflow turbulence, enhance the counter-thrust effect, and reduce airflow noise.

[0036] (2) Car descending: After receiving the descending command, the main control unit controls the high-pressure jet mechanism to start, and the nozzle sprays jet upward in a directional manner to generate a downward counter-thrust force to suppress the car from descending; similarly, according to the load and the preset descending speed, the jet power is adjusted by frequency conversion to achieve precise control of the descending speed; the airflow is guided upward by the guide plate to form a stable airflow damping, which helps to control the descending speed and avoids descending too fast.

[0037] (3) Leveling control: When the car approaches the target floor, the position encoder of the working condition detection unit collects the leveling signal, the main control unit gradually reduces the jet power and adjusts the jet direction to achieve smooth deceleration and accurate stopping at the target floor. The stopping error is ≤ ±5mm, which meets the elevator leveling accuracy requirements.

[0038] 3. Emergency braking mode under abnormal operating conditions: (1) Overhead Braking: When the speed sensor of the working condition detection unit detects that the upward speed of the car exceeds the preset overspeed threshold, and the position encoder and the overhead limit switch recognize that the car is close to the top of the shaft and reaches the critical threshold for overhead, the main control unit immediately triggers the overhead braking logic: the nozzle of the upper high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air downwards and the nozzle of the lower high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air upwards, forming a bidirectional reverse thrust and air damping to quickly suppress the upward movement of the car; at the same time, the jet power is dynamically adjusted according to the car load and real-time speed to ensure that the braking deceleration is stable within the safe range of 0.2g to 1.0g until the car stops smoothly to avoid overhead accident.

[0039] (2) Falling Braking: When the working condition detection unit detects that the car is falling rapidly, the acceleration exceeds the preset threshold, and the speed exceeds the downspeed threshold, the main control unit immediately triggers the falling braking logic: the nozzle of the lower high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air upward to generate an upward lifting force and air damping to counteract the gravity inertia of the falling car; the nozzle of the upper high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air downward to generate a downward reverse thrust to assist in deceleration; through bidirectional jetting, a dual braking effect is formed, gradually reducing the falling speed of the car until it stops smoothly, thus preventing a falling accident.

[0040] 4. Protection against extreme power failure conditions: When the elevator's main power supply fails or the control system malfunctions, the emergency energy storage power supply immediately activates, providing short-term power to the high-pressure jet mechanism, operating condition detection unit, and intelligent control module. The main control unit automatically triggers the emergency braking logic, controlling the corresponding high-pressure jet mechanism to reverse the jet forcefully based on the car's current position and speed, achieving emergency braking and bringing the car to a smooth stop at the nearest floor or a safe area in the hoistway. Simultaneously, the fault alarm unit is triggered to send a fault signal to the outside world, facilitating timely handling by maintenance personnel.

[0041] 5. Fault self-diagnosis and maintenance: The main control unit monitors the working status of the high-pressure jet mechanism, the operating condition detection unit, and the airflow guiding module in real time. If problems such as high-pressure fan failure, nozzle blockage, sensor malfunction, or airflow turbulence are detected, a fault alarm is immediately triggered, and corresponding emergency measures are initiated according to the fault type: for minor faults, the elevator speed is reduced, and it continues to run to the nearest floor; for serious faults, emergency braking is immediately triggered to ensure personnel safety. Routine maintenance only requires checking the cleanliness of the high-pressure jet mechanism, nozzle flexibility, emergency power supply capacity, and the fixation status of the airflow guiding plate. Maintenance is simple and convenient, requiring no complex mechanical maintenance.

[0042] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tractionless elevator lifting drive and braking system based on the jet thrust principle, characterized in that: Includes car jet drive module, shaft flow guide module, working condition detection unit, intelligent control and power supply redundancy module; The car jet drive module includes an upper high-pressure jet mechanism and a lower high-pressure jet mechanism respectively installed on the top and bottom of the car. Both the upper and lower high-pressure jet mechanisms include a high-pressure fan, a directional nozzle, an angle adjustment component, and a silent protective shell. The directional nozzle can jet air in both directions, upward and downward. During normal lifting and lowering, the car is driven to rise or fall by adjusting the jet direction and power, using the reaction force of the reverse airflow. In abnormal operating conditions, air damping and reverse thrust are generated by reverse strong jet to achieve emergency braking. The wellbore flow guiding module includes a flow guiding plate and an airflow guiding groove arranged vertically along the inner wall of the wellbore. The flow guiding plate and the airflow guiding groove cooperate to guide the jet airflow in a directional manner. The working condition detection unit integrates a car speed sensor, a position encoder, an acceleration acquisition module, a load acquisition unit, and a top / bottom limit switch to collect real-time car running speed, position, acceleration, load, and abnormal displacement signals. The intelligent control and power supply redundancy module has a built-in main control unit, frequency conversion control subunit, emergency energy storage power supply, and fault alarm unit; it receives real-time signals from the working condition detection unit and adjusts the jet direction, jet power, and jet timing of the upper and lower high-pressure jet mechanisms according to elevator operation instructions and working condition parameters; it realizes frequency conversion speed regulation during normal lifting and lowering, and triggers reverse strong jet emergency braking in abnormal working conditions.

2. The lifting and braking system for a tractionless elevator based on the jet thrust principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure fans of the upper and lower high-pressure jet mechanisms are variable frequency high-pressure axial flow fans, and the jet power can be adaptively adjusted according to the car load and lifting speed requirements.

3. The lifting and braking system for a tractionless elevator based on the jet thrust principle according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the upper and lower high-pressure jet mechanisms are equipped with angle adjustment components at their directional nozzles, enabling directional jet adjustment from 0 to 90°.

4. The tractionless elevator lifting and braking system based on the jet thrust principle according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the car is going up, the lower high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air downwards in a directional manner, generating an upward counter-thrust to lift the car up; when the car is going down, the upper high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air upwards in a directional manner, generating a downward counter-thrust to suppress the car from descending. The lifting speed can be precisely controlled by adjusting the jet power.

5. The lifting and braking system for a tractionless elevator based on the jet thrust principle according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the car is detected to be traveling at excessive speed or about to top, the upper high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air downwards while the lower high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air upwards, creating a bidirectional reverse thrust and air damping to quickly suppress the car's upward movement and achieve top-end braking. When the car is detected to be rapidly falling or going down at excessive speed, the lower high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air upwards while the upper high-pressure jet mechanism sprays air downwards, creating an air cushion lift and bidirectional air damping to counteract the downward gravitational inertia and achieve downward braking. During braking, the jet power is dynamically adjusted according to the car's load and real-time speed.

6. The tractionless elevator lifting and braking system based on the jet thrust principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plate of the wellbore flow guiding module adopts a streamlined structure, and the airflow guiding grooves are uniformly arranged vertically along the wellbore.

7. The lifting and braking system for a tractionless elevator based on the jet thrust principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emergency energy storage power supply uses a large-capacity energy storage capacitor and a backup battery pack, which can drive the high-pressure jet mechanism to work briefly when the elevator main power supply fails or the control system fails, so as to achieve emergency braking and smooth stopping.

8. The tractionless elevator lifting and braking system based on the jet thrust principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control and power supply redundancy module also integrates a fault self-diagnosis function, which can monitor the working status of the upper high-pressure jet mechanism, lower high-pressure jet mechanism, well guide module, and working condition detection unit in real time. When a fault occurs, it immediately triggers a fault alarm and starts the corresponding emergency braking logic according to the fault type.

9. A tractionless elevator lifting and braking system based on the jet thrust principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silent protective housings of the upper and lower high-pressure jet mechanisms are made of sound-insulating and noise-reducing materials.

10. A tractionless elevator lifting and braking system based on the jet thrust principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shock-absorbing and buffering assembly is provided between the upper high-pressure jet mechanism, the lower high-pressure jet mechanism and the car.

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