An irrigation and drainage canal for farmland water conservancy projects

Abstract

This invention provides an irrigation and drainage canal for farmland water conservancy projects, relating to the field of farmland water conservancy engineering technology. It includes a base layer and a drainage canal structure. The drainage canal structure includes a graded sand and gravel leveling layer laid on the base layer, and a high-density polyethylene geomembrane laid on the graded sand and gravel leveling layer. In this invention, the graded sand and gravel leveling layer ensures the base layer is flat, the high-density polyethylene geomembrane forms a core seepage barrier, a non-woven fabric buffer layer prevents friction damage to the geomembrane from precast concrete blocks, and permeable holes on the precast blocks allow for appropriate exchange between water and the surrounding soil. A diversion and control component is installed on the precast concrete blocks, and a detection and control mechanism monitors the canal's water level, flow rate, and other operating conditions in real time. When water flow needs to be regulated, a signal is transmitted to the drive mechanism, which drives the baffle to open and close. Combined with the movement of the gate within the support seat, this precisely achieves irrigation diversion, flood season drainage, or water level maintenance, ultimately achieving automated management of water conservation and flood control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of farmland water conservancy engineering technology, and in particular to an irrigation and drainage canal for farmland water conservancy engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Irrigation and drainage canals in farmland water conservancy projects are important facilities designed to improve agricultural production efficiency. They achieve effective irrigation and drainage of farmland by rationally guiding and discharging water sources, preventing soil salinization and waterlogging. With the development of agricultural modernization, scientific and rational canal system design is particularly important to ensure the rational use of water resources and the protection of the ecological environment.

[0003] However, in actual use, the following shortcomings still exist. For example, the existing irrigation and drainage canals of farmland water conservancy projects cannot achieve irrigation diversion, flood season drainage, or water level maintenance, and ultimately achieve automated management of water conservation and flood control. They cannot accurately irrigate according to the water needs of crops, resulting in low water use efficiency and exacerbating water shortages. At the same time, they cannot respond quickly to drainage during heavy rain, which can easily cause farmland waterlogging and directly threaten crop growth and yield stability. They rely entirely on manual inspection and manual opening and closing of gates, which has a slow response speed, high labor intensity, and low control precision, making it difficult to achieve optimized scheduling. The management is extensive and rigid. The water level control cannot take into account the ecological base flow needs and may damage the canals and the surrounding ecology. In addition, they lack functions such as automatic dredging, resulting in lagging canal maintenance and long-term decline in operational efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, this invention proposes an irrigation and drainage canal for farmland water conservancy projects to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and to propose an irrigation and drainage canal for farmland water conservancy projects.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an irrigation and drainage canal for farmland water conservancy projects, comprising a base layer, and further comprising:

[0007] The drainage ditch structure includes a graded sand and gravel leveling layer laid on a base layer, a high-density polyethylene geomembrane laid on the graded sand and gravel leveling layer, an anti-aging coating on both the upper and lower surfaces of the high-density polyethylene geomembrane, a non-woven fabric buffer layer laid on top of the high-density polyethylene geomembrane, and a precast concrete block laid on top of the non-woven fabric buffer layer, with water-permeable holes through the precast concrete block.

[0008] The diversion and control assembly is installed on the protective layer of the drainage ditch structure. It includes a support base, a gate, a drive mechanism, and a detection and control mechanism. The gate is movably connected to the support base. The drive mechanism is used to drive the opening and closing of the baffle. The detection and control mechanism is used to monitor the channel conditions and control the drive mechanism in conjunction with the channel.

[0009] Furthermore, the slope portion of the precast concrete blocks is an arc-shaped structure with a radius adapted to the channel depth, the bottom of the channel is divided into a rectangular structure, a platform is provided on the upper part of the slope formed by splicing the precast concrete blocks, a drainage ditch is opened on the outside of the platform, and an ecological buffer zone is laid on the inside of the platform.

[0010] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are: the precast concrete blocks adopt a composite structure of arc-shaped slope and rectangular trough bottom. The arc-shaped slope is adapted to the channel depth, disperses the impact force of water flow and prevents erosion, and the rectangular trough bottom facilitates flow guidance and dredging. The drainage ditch on the outer side of the upper platform of the slope guides rainwater on the slope surface, and the inner ecological buffer zone intercepts pollutants, taking into account both structural stability and ecological protection.

[0011] Furthermore, the support base of the diversion and control component is fixedly installed on the precast concrete block. A winch is installed on the top of the support base. The output end of the winch is connected to a steel rope. The end of the steel rope away from the winch is connected to a connecting seat. The connecting seat is fixedly connected to the top of the gate. A limit groove is opened in the inner wall of the support base, and the gate is slidably embedded in the limit groove.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: the support seat of the diversion and control component is fixed on the precast block, providing an installation foundation for the gate; the winch pulls the connecting seat through the steel rope, driving the gate to slide along the limiting groove of the support seat, thereby realizing the raising and lowering of the gate and accurately controlling the channel opening and closing and the size of the flow cross section.

[0013] Furthermore, the drive mechanism of the diversion control component includes a hydraulic push rod installed in the connecting seat, the output end of the hydraulic push rod is connected to a connecting block, a roller is installed on the side of the connecting block near the connecting seat, the roller slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the connecting seat, and a connecting bracket is fixed at the bottom of the connecting block.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: in the drive mechanism, the hydraulic push rod in the connecting seat pushes the connecting block to move, the roller reduces the moving friction, the bracket at the bottom of the connecting block provides support for the subsequent transmission structure, can drive the displacement of related components, provide a power transmission basis for the opening and closing of the baffle, and ensure smooth control action.

[0015] Furthermore, a drive motor is installed inside the bracket, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to a first sprocket. The first sprocket is connected to a second sprocket via a chain. The second sprocket is rotatably connected to the bracket, and a connecting frame is fixedly connected to the second sprocket. A baffle is fixedly connected to the connecting frame, and the baffle can be closed to the upper opening of the gate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: after the drive motor starts, it drives the first sprocket to rotate, and then transmits the power to the second sprocket through the chain. The second sprocket drives the connecting frame to rotate, thereby controlling the baffle to flip. The baffle can accurately close or open the upper opening of the gate to assist in adjusting the flow rate.

[0017] Furthermore, the detection and control mechanism of the diversion and control component includes a water level sensor, a flow sensor, and a control module. The water level sensor is installed at the bottom of the upper opening of the gate, the flow sensor is installed on the side of the gate near the water level sensor, and the control module is embedded inside the gate and close to the water level sensor. The control module is electrically connected to the water level sensor, the flow sensor, the winch, the hydraulic push rod, and the drive motor.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are as follows: In the detection and control mechanism, water level and flow sensors collect channel operating data in real time and transmit it to the control module inside the gate. After analyzing the data, the control module controls the winch, hydraulic push rod and drive motor to achieve automated and precise control of the gate and baffle.

[0019] Furthermore, the drainage ditch structure integrates a dredging component, which includes a flow guide frame fixed to the inner wall of the precast concrete block. A grid is installed on one side of the flow guide frame, and a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom of the flow guide frame. A stirring blade is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0020] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: the guide frame of the dredging component guides the flow of water and bottom sediment, the bar screen intercepts large particles of debris, and the water flow drives the stirring blades on the rotating shaft to rotate, breaking up the deposited bottom sediment clumps, avoiding bottom sediment accumulation and blockage, and creating favorable conditions for subsequent sludge pumping operations.

[0021] Furthermore, a sludge suction head is installed at the inner bottom of the flow guide frame between the grid and the rotating shaft, and a sewage pump is installed on the outer side of the precast concrete block near the flow guide frame. The input end of the sewage pump is connected to the sludge suction head through a connecting pipe, and the output end of the sewage pump is connected to a sewage pipe.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: the sludge suction head in the guide frame is aligned with the concentrated area of ​​bottom sludge between the grid and the mixing blades. After the sewage pump is started, negative pressure is generated through the connecting pipe. The sludge suction head sucks in the dispersed bottom sludge and then discharges the bottom sludge out of the channel through the sewage pipe, thus completing efficient dredging.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. In this invention, the graded sand and gravel leveling layer ensures the flatness of the base layer, laying the foundation for subsequent layer laying. The high-density polyethylene geomembrane, together with the anti-aging coatings on the upper and lower surfaces, forms a core seepage barrier to block water leakage. The non-woven fabric buffer layer avoids friction damage to the geomembrane caused by the precast concrete blocks. The permeable holes on the precast blocks can achieve appropriate exchange between the water and the surrounding soil, taking into account both seepage prevention and ecological considerations. The diversion and control component is installed on the protective layer composed of precast concrete blocks. The detection and control mechanism monitors the channel water level, flow rate, and other operating conditions in real time. When it is necessary to regulate the water flow, the signal is transmitted to the drive mechanism, which drives the baffle to open and close. Combined with the movement of the gate in the support seat, it can accurately realize irrigation diversion, flood season drainage, or water level maintenance, ultimately achieving automated management of water conservation and flood control.

[0025] 2. In this invention, the support base of the diversion and control component is fixed to the precast concrete block, providing a stable foundation for the whole. The winch pulls the connecting seat through the steel rope, which drives the gate to slide along the limit groove to achieve lifting and lowering. The hydraulic push rod in the connecting seat pushes the connecting block with rollers. The drive motor on its bottom support is driven by the sprocket and chain to drive the connecting frame and the baffle to flip and open and close the gate opening. The water level and flow sensor collects data and transmits it to the control module, which controls the various power components in a linkage manner, realizing fully automatic and precise regulation, and simultaneously completing irrigation water distribution, flood control drainage and water level maintenance, achieving water saving and efficiency improvement.

[0026] 3. In this invention, the dredging component is integrated into the drainage ditch structure. The guide frame fixed to the inner wall of the precast concrete block guides the water flow and the bottom mud to flow in a directional manner. The rotating shaft at the bottom of the guide frame rotates with the water flow or linkage power, driving the mixing blade to break up the clumps of deposited bottom mud and prevent siltation. The grid on one side intercepts large particles of debris. The sludge suction head located between the grid and the mixing blade is precisely aimed at the concentrated area of ​​bottom mud. After the sewage pump on the outside of the precast concrete block is started, it generates negative pressure through the connecting pipe. The sludge suction head sucks in the broken bottom mud and finally discharges it from the channel through the sewage pipe, completing the entire dredging operation. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an irrigation and drainage canal for farmland water conservancy projects according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage canal structure of an irrigation and drainage canal for farmland water conservancy projects according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of an irrigation and drainage canal for a farmland water conservancy project according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the diversion and control component structure of an irrigation and drainage canal in a farmland water conservancy project according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a structural breakdown diagram of a diversion and control component for an irrigation and drainage canal in a farmland water conservancy project according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gate structure of an irrigation and drainage canal in a farmland water conservancy project according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the dredging component structure of an irrigation and drainage canal in a farmland water conservancy project according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the dredging component of an irrigation and drainage canal in a farmland water conservancy project according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure label:

[0036] 1. Grassroots level;

[0037] 2. Drainage ditch structure; 21. Graded sand and gravel leveling layer; 22. High-density polyethylene geomembrane; 23. Anti-aging coating; 24. Non-woven fabric buffer layer; 25. Precast concrete blocks; 26. Permeable holes; 27. Drainage ditch; 28. Ecological buffer zone;

[0038] 3. Diversion and control assembly; 31. Support base; 32. Winch; 33. Steel rope; 34. Connecting seat; 35. Gate; 36. Limiting groove; 37. Hydraulic push rod; 38. Connecting block; 39. Roller; 310. Bracket; 311. Drive motor; 312. First sprocket; 313. Chain; 314. Second sprocket; 315. Connecting frame; 316. Baffle; 317. Water level sensor; 318. Flow sensor; 319. Control module;

[0039] 4. Dredging components; 41. Flow guide frame; 42. Bar screen; 43. Rotating shaft; 44. Mixing blades; 45. Sludge suction head; 46. Sludge pump; 47. Connecting pipe; 48. Sludge discharge pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] like Figures 1-6As shown, this embodiment provides a technical solution: an irrigation and drainage canal for farmland water conservancy projects, including a base layer 1, and further comprising:

[0042] The drainage ditch structure 2 includes a graded sand and gravel leveling layer 21 laid on the base layer 1, a high-density polyethylene geomembrane 22 laid on the graded sand and gravel leveling layer 21, an anti-aging coating 23 on both the upper and lower surfaces of the high-density polyethylene geomembrane 22, a non-woven fabric buffer layer 24 laid on top of the high-density polyethylene geomembrane 22, and a precast concrete block 25 laid on top of the non-woven fabric buffer layer 24. The precast concrete block 25 has water-permeable holes 26 through it.

[0043] Diversion and control component 3 is installed on the protective layer of drainage ditch structure 2. It includes support base 31, gate 35, drive mechanism and detection and control mechanism. Gate 35 is movably connected in the support base 31. The drive mechanism is used to drive the opening and closing of baffle 316. The detection and control mechanism is used to monitor the channel conditions and control the drive mechanism in conjunction. The graded sand and gravel leveling layer 21 ensures the flatness of the base layer 1 and lays the foundation for subsequent layers. The high-density polyethylene geomembrane 22, together with the upper and lower surface anti-aging coatings 23, forms a core anti-seepage barrier to block water leakage. The non-woven fabric buffer layer 24 avoids... The precast concrete blocks 25 prevent friction damage to the geomembrane. The permeable holes 26 on the precast blocks allow for moderate exchange between the water and the surrounding soil, balancing seepage prevention and ecological considerations. The diversion and control components 3 are installed on the protective layer formed by the precast concrete blocks 25. The detection and control mechanism monitors the channel water level, flow rate, and other conditions in real time. When water flow needs to be regulated, the signal is transmitted to the drive mechanism, which drives the baffle 316 to open and close. Combined with the movement of the gate 35 within the support base 31, this precisely achieves irrigation diversion, flood season drainage, or water level maintenance, ultimately achieving automated management of water conservation and flood control.

[0044] like Figures 1-3 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the slope of the precast concrete block 25 is an arc-shaped structure with a radius adapted to the channel depth. The bottom of the channel is divided into a rectangular structure. The upper part of the slope formed by splicing the precast concrete blocks 25 is equipped with a platform. A drainage ditch 27 is opened on the outside of the platform, and an ecological buffer zone 28 is laid on the inside of the platform. The precast concrete block 25 adopts a composite structure of arc-shaped slope and rectangular channel bottom. The arc-shaped slope is adapted to the channel depth, disperses the impact force of water flow and prevents erosion. The rectangular channel bottom facilitates flow guidance and dredging. The drainage ditch 27 on the outside of the platform on the upper part of the slope guides rainwater on the slope surface, and the ecological buffer zone 28 on the inside intercepts pollutants, taking into account both structural stability and ecological protection. The arc surface allows water to flow along the curved surface to reduce eddy erosion. The rectangular channel bottom forms a stable flow channel to improve the efficiency of conveying and discharging. The drainage ditch 27 avoids rainwater erosion of the slope. The buffer zone enhances the filtration and purification effect through the root system of vegetation.

[0045] like Figure 1 as well as Figures 4-6As shown, the support base 31 of the diversion and control component 3 is fixedly installed on the precast concrete block 25. A winch 32 is installed on the top of the support base 31. The output end of the winch 32 is connected to a steel rope 33. The end of the steel rope 33 away from the winch 32 is connected to a connecting seat 34. The connecting seat 34 is fixedly connected to the top of the gate 35. A limit groove 36 is opened on the inner wall of the support base 31. The gate 35 is slidably embedded in the limit groove 36. The support base 31 of the diversion and control component 3 is fixed on the precast block, providing an installation foundation for the gate 35. The winch 32 pulls the connecting seat 34 through the steel rope 33, causing the gate 35 to slide along the limit groove 36 of the support base 31, realizing the raising and lowering of the gate 35, and precisely controlling the channel opening and closing and the size of the flow cross section. The support base 31 is connected to the gate 35 by expansion bolts. Precast blocks are fastened to prevent displacement, and the limiting groove 36 restricts the swing of the gate 35 to ensure sealing. The winch 32 rotates forward and backward to raise and lower the gate 35. The tension balance of the steel cable 33 ensures smooth raising and lowering. The drive mechanism of the diversion and control component 3 includes a hydraulic push rod 37 installed in the connecting seat 34. The output end of the hydraulic push rod 37 is connected to the connecting block 38. A roller 39 is installed on the side of the connecting block 38 near the connecting seat 34. The roller 39 slides in contact with the inner wall of the connecting seat 34. A connecting bracket 310 is fixed at the bottom of the connecting block 38. In the drive mechanism, the hydraulic push rod 37 in the connecting seat 34 pushes the connecting block 38 to move. The roller 39 reduces the friction of movement. The bracket 310 at the bottom of the connecting block 38 provides support for the subsequent transmission structure and can drive the displacement of related components, serving as a baffle. 316 provides the power transmission basis for opening and closing, ensuring smooth control actions. The hydraulic push rod 37 outputs stable thrust to adjust the position of the connecting block 38. The roller 39 slides along the guide rail of the connecting seat 34 to reduce resistance. The bracket 310 transmits power through a rigid connection to ensure no deviation during the transmission process. A drive motor 311 is installed inside the bracket 310. The output end of the drive motor 311 is connected to the first sprocket 312. The first sprocket 312 is connected to the second sprocket 314 through the chain 313. The second sprocket 314 is rotatably connected to the bracket 310. A connecting frame 315 is fixedly connected to the second sprocket 314. A baffle 316 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 315. The baffle 316 can be closed to the upper opening of the gate 35. After the drive motor 311 starts, it drives the first sprocket 312. The rotation of wheel 312 transmits power to the second sprocket 314 via chain 313. The second sprocket 314 drives the connecting frame 315 to rotate, thereby controlling the baffle 316 to flip. The baffle 316 can precisely close or open the upper opening of the gate 35 to assist in adjusting the flow rate. The motor output torque is reduced and increased via sprocket and chain 313, and the transmission ratio precisely controls the flip angle of the baffle 316. The connecting frame 315 is rigidly connected to the baffle 316 to ensure precise opening and closing without leakage. The detection and control mechanism of the diversion and regulation component 3 includes a water level sensor 317, a flow sensor 318, and a control module 319. The water level sensor 317 is installed at the bottom of the upper opening of the gate 35, and the flow sensor 318 is installed on the side of the gate 35 near the water level sensor 317.The control module 319 is embedded inside the gate 35, near the water level sensor 317. The control module 319 is electrically connected to the water level sensor 317, flow sensor 318, winch 32, hydraulic push rod 37, and drive motor 311. In the detection and control mechanism, the water level and flow sensors 318 collect channel operating data in real time and transmit it to the control module 319 inside the gate 35. After analyzing the data, the control module 319 controls the winch 32, hydraulic push rod 37, and drive motor 311 to achieve automated and precise control of the gate 35 and the baffle 316. The sensors convert physical signals into electrical signals for transmission. The control module 319 compares the signals to preset thresholds and controls the start and stop of each component through pulse signals, achieving adaptive control of operating conditions.

[0046] like Figure 1 as well as Figures 7-8 As shown, the drainage ditch structure 2 integrates a dredging component 4. The dredging component 4 includes a guide frame 41 fixed to the inner wall of the precast concrete block 25. A grid 42 is installed on one side of the guide frame 41. A rotating shaft 43 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the guide frame 41. An agitator 44 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 43. The guide frame 41 of the dredging component 4 guides the flow of water and bottom sediment. The grid 42 intercepts large particles of debris. The water flow drives the agitator 44 on the rotating shaft 43 to rotate, breaking up the deposited bottom sediment clumps and preventing bottom sediment from accumulating and clogging, thus creating favorable conditions for subsequent sludge pumping operations. The streamlined design of the guide frame 41 collects bottom sediment. The impact force of the water flow drives the agitator 44 to rotate, making the broken bottom sediment easier to pump out. The inner bottom of the guide frame 41 is located between the grid 42 and the bottom sediment. A sludge suction head 45 is installed between the rotating shafts 43. A sludge pump 46 is installed on the outside of the precast concrete block 25 near the guide frame 41. The input end of the sludge pump 46 is connected to the sludge suction head 45 through a connecting pipe 47. The output end of the sludge pump 46 is connected to a sludge discharge pipe 48. The sludge suction head 45 in the guide frame 41 is aligned with the bottom mud concentration area between the grid 42 and the mixing blade 44. After the sludge pump 46 starts, it generates negative pressure through the connecting pipe 47. The sludge suction head 45 sucks in the dispersed bottom mud and then discharges the bottom mud out of the channel through the sludge discharge pipe 48, completing efficient sludge removal. The operation of the sludge pump 46 creates a negative pressure field in the connecting pipe 47. The multi-suction port design of the sludge suction head 45 increases the suction range. The negative pressure quickly adsorbs the bottom mud and discharges it to the designated area through the sludge discharge pipe 48.

[0047] Working principle:

[0048] like Figures 1-8As shown, this drainage system is based on the base layer 1. A multi-layer composite drainage channel structure 2 is constructed to create an integrated water conveyance channel that is seepage-proof, ecological, and erosion-resistant. The system relies on a diversion and control component 3 to achieve intelligent water flow regulation, and a dredging component 4 ensures long-term smooth operation. A graded sand and gravel leveling layer 21 ensures the base layer 1 is level. A high-density polyethylene geomembrane 22, combined with upper and lower anti-aging coatings 23, forms a core seepage barrier. A non-woven fabric buffer layer 24 prevents friction damage to the geomembrane caused by the precast concrete blocks 25. The arc-shaped slope of the precast blocks disperses the impact force of the water flow, and the rectangular trough bottom improves the discharge efficiency. Permeable holes 26 allow for appropriate exchange between water and soil. The drainage ditch 27 and ecological buffer zone 28 on the slope platform respectively facilitate rainwater drainage and pollutant interception. The diversion and control component 3 is fixed to the precast block surface layer via a support base 31. Water level and flow sensors 318 of the detection and control mechanism collect operating data in real time and transmit it to the control module 31. 9. After analyzing the data, the control module 319 drives the winch 32 to pull the gate 35 up and down along the limit groove 36 via the steel rope 33, thereby adjusting the flow section. Then, the control hydraulic push rod 37 pushes the connecting block 38 to move, and drives the motor 311 to drive the sprocket chain 313 to rotate the baffle 316 to close or open the upper opening of the gate 35, thereby achieving fine adjustment of the flow rate, thus achieving automated management of irrigation diversion, flood season drainage or water level maintenance. In the dredging component 4, the guide frame 41 guides the water flow and the bottom mud to converge, the grid 42 intercepts large particles of debris, and the water flow impact drives the stirring blade 44 on the rotating shaft 43 to rotate, breaking up the sediment clumps. After the sewage pump 46 starts, it creates negative pressure in the suction head 45 through the connecting pipe 47, accurately sucking up the broken bottom mud between the grid 42 and the stirring blade 44, and then discharges the bottom mud out of the channel through the sewage pipe 48, achieving efficient dredging and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the drainage channel.

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments for application in other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An irrigation and drainage canal for farmland water conservancy projects, comprising a base layer (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The drainage ditch structure (2) includes a graded sand and gravel leveling layer (21) laid on a base layer (1), a high-density polyethylene geomembrane (22) laid on the graded sand and gravel leveling layer (21), an anti-aging coating (23) coated on both the upper and lower surfaces of the high-density polyethylene geomembrane (22), a non-woven fabric buffer layer (24) laid on top of the high-density polyethylene geomembrane (22), a precast concrete block (25) laid on top of the non-woven fabric buffer layer (24), and a permeable hole (26) opened through the precast concrete block (25). Diversion control component (3), which is installed on the protective layer of drainage ditch structure (2), includes support base (31), gate (35), drive mechanism and detection and control mechanism. The gate (35) is movably connected in the support base (31). The drive mechanism is used to drive the opening and closing of the baffle (316). The detection and control mechanism is used to monitor the channel conditions and control the drive mechanism in conjunction.

2. The irrigation and drainage canal of a farmland water conservancy project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope portion of the precast concrete block (25) is an arc-shaped structure with a radius adapted to the channel depth. The bottom of the channel is divided into a rectangular structure. A platform is provided on the upper part of the slope formed by splicing the precast concrete blocks (25). A drainage ditch (27) is opened on the outside of the platform. An ecological buffer zone (28) is laid on the inside of the platform.

3. The irrigation and drainage canal of a farmland water conservancy project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support base (31) of the diversion control component (3) is fixedly installed on the precast concrete block (25). A winch (32) is installed on the top of the support base (31). The output end of the winch (32) is connected to a steel rope (33). The end of the steel rope (33) away from the winch (32) is connected to a connecting seat (34). The connecting seat (34) is fixedly connected to the top of the gate (35). A limit groove (36) is opened on the inner wall of the support base (31). The gate (35) is slidably embedded in the limit groove (36).

4. The irrigation and drainage canal of a farmland water conservancy project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism of the diversion control component (3) includes a hydraulic push rod (37) installed in the connecting seat (34). The output end of the hydraulic push rod (37) is connected to a connecting block (38). A roller (39) is installed on the side of the connecting block (38) near the connecting seat (34). The roller (39) slides with the inner wall of the connecting seat (34). A connecting bracket (310) is fixed at the bottom of the connecting block (38).

5. An irrigation and drainage canal for farmland water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that: A drive motor (311) is installed inside the bracket (310). The output end of the drive motor (311) is connected to a first sprocket (312). The first sprocket (312) is connected to a second sprocket (314) via a chain (313). The second sprocket (314) is rotatably connected to the bracket (310). A connecting frame (315) is fixedly connected to the second sprocket (314). A baffle (316) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (315). The baffle (316) can be closed to the upper opening of the gate (35).

6. The irrigation and drainage canal of a farmland water conservancy project according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection and control mechanism of the diversion and control component (3) includes a water level sensor (317), a flow sensor (318), and a control module (319). The water level sensor (317) is installed at the bottom of the upper opening of the gate (35). The flow sensor (318) is installed on the side of the gate (35) near the water level sensor (317). The control module (319) is embedded inside the gate (35) and close to the water level sensor (317). The control module (319) is electrically connected to the water level sensor (317), the flow sensor (318), the winch (32), the hydraulic push rod (37), and the drive motor (311).

7. An irrigation and drainage canal for farmland water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage ditch structure (2) integrates a dredging component (4), which includes a flow guide (41) fixed to the inner wall of the precast concrete block (25). A grid (42) is installed on one side of the flow guide (41), and a rotating shaft (43) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the flow guide (41). A stirring blade (44) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (43).

8. An irrigation and drainage canal for farmland water conservancy projects according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the guide frame (41) is located between the grid (42) and the rotating shaft (43) and a sludge suction head (45) is installed. A sewage pump (46) is installed on the outside of the precast concrete block (25) near the guide frame (41). The input end of the sewage pump (46) is connected to the sludge suction head (45) through a connecting pipe (47). The output end of the sewage pump (46) is connected to a sewage pipe (48).

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