A method and system for determining drilling operating condition abnormal events

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and system for determining abnormal events in drilling operations, comprising: acquiring real-time drilling engineering data and identifying the drilling tool operating status based on the drilling engineering data; determining the drilling condition type by analyzing the coupling relationship between different drilling tool operating states according to the drilling tool operating status; and identifying abnormal events of key drilling engineering parameters based on the drilling condition type and the drilling engineering data. This invention can judge multiple drilling engineering parameters, comprehensively analyze the correlation and synergistic changes between multiple parameters, improve the accuracy of abnormal event judgment, and reduce human intervention when judging abnormal events occurring during the drilling process, ensuring the consistency and objectivity of the judgment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil drilling technology, and in particular to a method and system for determining abnormal events in drilling conditions. Background Technology

[0002] In oil drilling, monitoring drilling parameters is crucial to ensuring safe and efficient drilling. Complex formation changes, aging or malfunctioning drilling equipment, and human error can all lead to complex drilling situations such as stuck pipe, blowout, kick, and overflow, which have a significant impact on oil drilling operations. This not only increases operational risks but may also lead to extended project timelines, soaring costs, and even environmental disasters.

[0003] Currently, methods for judging abnormal drilling parameters based on human experience or threshold settings are common in traditional drilling operations.

[0004] However, this method has some obvious limitations and drawbacks. First, it relies heavily on the operator's experience level, and the judgment criteria are subjective. Different operators may interpret the same parameter changes inconsistently, leading to uncertainty in the judgment results. Furthermore, for inexperienced engineers or when facing new geological environments, human experience may not be able to accurately judge complex or subtle anomalies, potentially causing them to overlook potential danger signals or generate false alarms.

[0005] Secondly, judgment methods based on a single threshold typically only consider whether the absolute value of a certain parameter exceeds the set range, ignoring the complex relationships between multiple parameters. For example, there may be correlated changes in mud flow rate, drilling pressure, and pump pressure, and it is impossible to accurately determine the cause of the anomaly based solely on the exceeding of a single parameter.

[0006] Finally, because threshold settings have certain limitations and can lead to a large number of false alarms, normal drilling operation fluctuations may cause parameters to briefly exceed the set range, resulting in false alarms and increasing the number of unnecessary shutdowns or adjustments. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for multi-dimensional analysis of various drilling engineering parameters, which can intelligently identify potential complex problems in drilling conditions by associating multiple drilling engineering parameters, thereby solving the problem of missed or false alarms of abnormal events caused by manual experience or threshold setting judgment methods in the prior art.

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for determining abnormal events in drilling conditions, comprising: acquiring real-time collected drilling engineering data and identifying the drilling tool operating status based on this data; determining the drilling condition type by analyzing the coupling relationship between different drilling tool operating states based on the drilling tool operating status; and identifying abnormal events of key drilling engineering parameters based on the drilling condition type and the drilling engineering data.

[0009] Preferably, the drilling engineering data includes, but is not limited to: drilling depth, drill bit position, rotary drilling rig speed, standpipe pressure, outlet flow rate, hook height, hook load, pump flush, total tank volume, pump pressure, and torque; the key drilling engineering parameters include: hook load, torque, pump pressure, pump flush, and total tank volume; the drilling tools include, but are not limited to: drill bit, rotary drilling rig, standpipe, traveling block, pump, and hook; the drilling condition types include several sub-conditions under different major condition categories, and the major condition categories... This includes, but is not limited to, tripping, running, and drilling; sub-conditions under tripping and running conditions include: staking, idle, waiting, mid-course circulation, stopping rotary table circulation, lifting drill string, dry backwashing, backwashing, running, well washing, dry backwashing, and reaming; sub-conditions under drilling conditions include: staking, waiting, sliding drilling, dry drilling, rotary drilling, waiting, static circulation, pump stop idling, circulating idling, lifting drill string, backwashing, dry backwashing, backwashing, lowering drill string, well washing, dry reaming, and reaming.

[0010] Preferably, the step of identifying the drilling tool operating status based on drilling engineering data includes: determining the drilling bit operating status based on the drilling depth and drill bit position using preset judgment values ​​of corresponding parameters; determining the operating status of the rotary drilling tool as stopped when the rotary drilling tool rotation speed is less than a preset stop judgment threshold; determining the operating status of the riser as 0 pressure when the riser pressure is less than a preset riser pressure judgment threshold; determining the traveling block operating status based on the hook height using preset judgment values ​​of corresponding parameters; determining the pump operating status as stopped when the outlet flow rate is less than a preset outlet flow rate judgment value; and determining the hook operating status as stuck when the hook load is less than a preset hook load setting value.

[0011] Preferably, the operating states of the drill bit include: drill bit at the bottom of the well, drill bit leaving the bottom of the well, drill bit reaching the surface, and drill bit ascending. The step of determining the operating state of the drill bit includes: determining the drill bit depth based on the drill bit position; determining the operating state of the drill bit as drill bit at the bottom of the well when the difference between the well depth and the drill bit depth is less than or equal to a preset bottom-of-well determination value; obtaining an average drill bit depth based on the drill bit depth within a first preset time period, and determining the operating state of the drill bit as drill bit reaching the surface when the average drill bit depth is less than a preset surface determination value; obtaining an average difference based on the difference between the well depth and the drill bit depth within a second preset time period, and determining the operating state of the drill bit as drill bit leaving the bottom of the well when the average difference is greater than a preset surface determination value; obtaining an average drill bit speed based on the drill bit position within a third preset time period, and determining the operating state of the drill bit as drill bit ascending when the average drill bit speed is less than a preset drill bit speed determination value.

[0012] Preferably, the operating states of the trolley include, but are not limited to, trolley stationary and trolley ascending. The step of determining the operating state of the trolley based on the hook height and using preset judgment values ​​of corresponding parameters includes: obtaining the average speed of the trolley based on the hook height within a fourth preset time period; determining the trolley's operating state as stationary when the average speed equals the preset trolley speed judgment value; and determining the trolley's operating state as ascending when the average speed is greater than the preset trolley speed judgment value.

[0013] Preferably, the step of identifying abnormal events of key drilling parameters based on the drilling condition type and the drilling data includes: identifying whether hook load abnormalities occur in the current drilling condition category based on hook load; identifying whether torque abnormalities occur in the current drilling condition category based on torque and torque reference values, wherein the torque reference values ​​are determined based on historical torque within a fifth preset time period; identifying whether total pool volume abnormalities occur in the current drilling condition category based on total pool volume and total pool volume assessment parameters, wherein the total pool volume is determined based on historical total pool volume within a sixth preset time period; identifying whether pump pressure abnormalities occur in the current drilling condition category based on pump flushing, pump pressure, and pump pressure warning thresholds, wherein the pump pressure warning threshold is determined based on real-time pump pressure; and determining the abnormal event based on one or more of hook load abnormalities, torque abnormalities, total pool volume abnormalities, and pump pressure abnormalities occurring in the current drilling condition category.

[0014] Preferably, when the current drilling condition category is tripping out, the step of identifying whether an abnormal hook load occurs in the current drilling condition category based on the hook load includes: when the hook is in the ascending process, if the sum of the hook load at the current moment and a first value is greater than a first preset hook load value, it is determined that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current tripping out condition. The first value is determined based on the sum of the weight of a drill pipe and the maximum value of all hook loads within a seventh preset time period prior to the current moment; or, when the hook is in the ascending process and a moving drill string occurs in the current tripping out condition, the first hook load fluctuation... When the load exceeds the second preset value, it is determined that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current tripping condition. The first hook load fluctuation is determined based on the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the hook load during the drill string lowering period. Alternatively, the hook load and hook height during the hook lowering period are determined, and when the result of dividing the hook load fluctuation by the first hook height range difference during the hook lowering period is greater than the third preset value, it is determined that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current tripping condition. The first hook height range difference is determined based on the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the hook height during the hook lowering period.

[0015] Preferably, when the current drilling condition category is "running in," the step of identifying whether an abnormal hook load occurs in the current drilling condition category based on the hook load includes: when the hook is in the lowering process, if the difference between the second value and the hook load at the current moment is greater than the fourth preset hook load value, it is determined that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current running in drilling condition. The second value is determined based on the difference between the minimum value of all hook loads in the eighth preset time period before the current moment and the weight of a drill string; or, determining the hook load during the drill string lowering process, and if the second hook load fluctuation is greater than the fifth preset hook load value, it is determined that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current running in drilling condition. The second hook load fluctuation is determined based on the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the hook height in the preset time period during the drill string lowering process.

[0016] Preferably, when the current drilling condition category is drilling, the step of identifying whether an abnormal hook load occurs in the current drilling condition category based on the hook load includes: determining the hook load and hook height within a preset time period during the hook lowering process, and obtaining a third hook load fluctuation based on the maximum and minimum values ​​of the hook load within the preset time period during the hook lowering process; when the result of dividing the third hook load fluctuation by the second hook height range difference is greater than a sixth hook load preset value, it is determined that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current drilling condition, wherein the second hook height range difference is determined based on the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the hook height within the preset time period during the hook lowering process.

[0017] Preferably, the step of identifying whether a torque anomaly occurs in the current drilling condition category based on the torque and the torque reference value includes: when the drill bit contacts the bottom of the well, obtaining an average torque value based on the torque within a ninth preset time period, and obtaining a first difference value based on the maximum and minimum torque values ​​within the ninth preset time period; obtaining a reference average torque value based on the torque within a target time period in the ninth preset time period, and obtaining a second difference value based on the maximum and minimum torque values ​​within the target time period; obtaining a torque difference value based on the reference average torque value and the average torque value, and determining that a torque anomaly occurs in the current drilling condition category when the result of dividing the torque difference value by the average torque value is greater than a preset torque value; or, subtracting the first difference value from the second difference value to obtain a third difference value, and determining that a torque anomaly occurs in the current drilling condition category when the result of dividing the third difference value by the first difference value is greater than a preset torque value.

[0018] Preferably, the total pool volume assessment parameters include the total pool volume change and the total pool volume reference value. The step of identifying whether an anomaly in the total pool volume occurs in the current drilling condition category based on the total pool volume and the total pool volume assessment parameters includes: obtaining the average total pool volume based on all total pool volumes within a tenth preset time period after the current moment; determining that an anomaly in the total pool volume occurs in the current drilling condition category when the difference between the average total pool volume and the total pool volume reference value is greater than or equal to the total pool volume change, and the total pool volume change is greater than a preset total pool volume threshold. The total pool volume reference value is obtained based on the average historical total pool volume within a sixth preset time period before the current moment, and the total pool volume change is obtained based on the historical total pool volume within the sixth preset time period before the current moment.

[0019] Preferably, the step of identifying whether an abnormal pump pressure occurs in the current drilling condition category based on pump surge, pump pressure, and pump pressure warning threshold includes: obtaining a pump surge difference value based on the difference between the total pump surge at the current time and the total pump surge at a preset time; and determining that an abnormal pump pressure occurs in the current drilling condition category if the result of dividing the pump surge difference value by the total pump surge at the preset time is less than the pump pressure warning threshold; or, when the total pump surge changes and the duration of the abnormal change in the total pump surge meets a preset abnormal period threshold, obtaining a pump pressure difference value based on the difference between the pump pressure at the current time and the pump pressure at the preset time; and determining that an abnormal pump pressure occurs in the current drilling condition category if the result of dividing the pump pressure difference value by the pump pressure at the preset time is greater than the pump pressure warning threshold, wherein the abnormal period is determined based on the pump pressure warning time and the start time of the change in the total pump surge; or, determining that an abnormal pump pressure occurs in the drilling condition to be identified when the total pump surge increases and the pump pressure decreases.

[0020] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide a system for determining abnormal events in drilling conditions, comprising: an operation mode determination module configured to acquire real-time drilling engineering data and, based thereon, identify the drilling tool operation status; an operation condition type determination module configured to determine the drilling operation condition type by analyzing the coupling relationship between different drilling tool operation states based on the drilling tool operation status; and an abnormal event determination module configured to identify abnormal events of key drilling engineering parameters based on the drilling operation condition type and the drilling engineering data.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, one or more embodiments of the above solutions may have the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0022] This invention proposes a method and system for identifying abnormal events in drilling operations. The method and system intelligently identify drilling conditions based on the drilling tool's operating status, reducing human intervention and ensuring consistency and objectivity in judgment. Furthermore, it combines anomaly identification with changes in drilling parameters under different operating conditions, enabling multi-dimensional analysis of various drilling engineering parameters. This reduces errors caused by judging a single parameter, improving the practicality, adaptability, and accuracy of abnormal event identification. In addition, it can automatically identify potential complex problems under different operating conditions, further enhancing the accuracy of abnormal event identification.

[0023] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a method for determining abnormal drilling conditions according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining the drilling condition type in the method for determining abnormal drilling conditions according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of identifying whether the hook load is abnormal in the method for determining abnormal drilling conditions according to an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of identifying whether the torque is abnormal in a method for determining abnormal drilling conditions according to an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the process of identifying whether the pump pressure is abnormal in the method for determining abnormal drilling conditions according to an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the system for determining abnormal drilling conditions according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that the process of how the present invention uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the various embodiments and features in the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the resulting technical solutions are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Furthermore, the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Also, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than that shown here.

[0033] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a” and “an” as used herein are also intended to include the plural. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising” and / or “including” as used herein specify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, units, and / or components, without excluding the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, units, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0034] In oil drilling, monitoring drilling parameters is crucial to ensuring safe and efficient drilling. Complex formation changes, aging or malfunctioning drilling equipment, and human error can all lead to complex drilling situations such as stuck pipe, blowout, kick, and overflow, which have a significant impact on oil drilling operations. This not only increases operational risks but may also lead to extended project timelines, soaring costs, and even environmental disasters.

[0035] Currently, methods for judging abnormal drilling parameters based on human experience or threshold settings are common in traditional drilling operations.

[0036] However, this method has some obvious limitations and drawbacks. First, it relies heavily on the operator's experience level, and the judgment criteria are subjective. Different operators may interpret the same parameter changes inconsistently, leading to uncertainty in the judgment results. Furthermore, for inexperienced engineers or when facing new geological environments, human experience may not be able to accurately judge complex or subtle anomalies, potentially causing them to overlook potential danger signals or generate false alarms.

[0037] Secondly, judgment methods based on a single threshold typically only consider whether the absolute value of a certain parameter exceeds the set range, ignoring the complex relationships between multiple parameters. For example, there may be correlated changes in mud flow rate, drilling pressure, and pump pressure, and it is impossible to accurately determine the cause of the anomaly based solely on the exceeding of a single parameter.

[0038] Finally, because threshold settings have certain limitations and can lead to a large number of false alarms, normal drilling operation fluctuations may cause parameters to briefly exceed the set range, resulting in false alarms and increasing the number of unnecessary shutdowns or adjustments.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a method for determining abnormal drilling conditions according to an embodiment of this application. The following refers to... Figure 1 The specific steps of the method for determining abnormal drilling conditions (hereinafter referred to as the "abnormal event determination method") described in the embodiments of the present invention will be explained.

[0040] Step S110: Acquire real-time drilling engineering data and identify the drilling tool operating status based on the drilling engineering data.

[0041] The abnormal event identification method involves two phases: data processing and judgment condition setting. In the data processing phase, preset values ​​are established in advance and compared with drilling data to determine the drill string's operating state. Specifically, drilling data collected by the integrated logging tool, such as hook height, top drive / rotary table speed, outlet flow rate, standpipe pressure, and hook load, are used as inputs to identify the drill string's operating state. Then, based on the comparison between the drilling data and preset values, various drill string operating states are determined, including drill bit at the bottom of the well, drill bit at the surface, drill bit away from the bottom of the well, top drive / rotary table stopped, pump stopped, standpipe pressure zero, traveling block stationary, traveling block ascending, drill bit ascending, and stuck.

[0042] In this embodiment, drilling engineering data includes, but is not limited to: drilling depth, drill bit position, rotary drill speed, standpipe pressure, outlet flow rate, hook height, hook load, pump flush, total tank volume, pump pressure, and torque.

[0043] In this embodiment, the drilling tools include, but are not limited to: drill bit, rotary drilling tool, riser, traveling block, pump and hook, wherein the rotary drilling tool includes, but is not limited to, rotary table / top drive.

[0044] In one embodiment, when determining the operating status of the drill string, the operating status of different drill strings is determined by comparing different drilling engineering data with their corresponding preset judgment values. Specifically, step S110 includes the following sub-steps A1-A6:

[0045] Sub-step A1: Based on the drilling depth and drill bit position, determine the operating status of the drill bit using the preset judgment values ​​of the corresponding parameters.

[0046] Sub-step A2: When the rotational speed of the rotary drill bit is less than the preset stop determination threshold, the operating state of the rotary drill bit is determined to be stop.

[0047] Sub-step A3: When the riser pressure is less than the preset riser pressure judgment threshold, determine the riser's operating status as riser pressure is 0.

[0048] Sub-step A4: Based on the height of the large hook, determine the operating status of the traveling trolley using the preset judgment value of the corresponding parameter.

[0049] Sub-step A5: When the outlet flow rate is less than the preset outlet flow rate judgment value, determine that the pump's operating status is stopped.

[0050] Sub-step A6: When the load on the hook is less than the preset hook load setting value, determine the hook's operating state as a seated hook.

[0051] Specifically, the rules for defining the drilling tool's operating status are as follows:

[0052] ① Drill bit at the bottom of the well: Drilling depth - drill bit depth <= preset bottom of the well judgment value;

[0053] ② Drill bit reaches the ground: The average drill bit depth within 10 seconds is less than the preset ground judgment value;

[0054] ③ Drill bit leaves the bottom of the well: The difference between the drilling depth and the drill bit depth within 10 seconds is greater than the preset ground judgment value;

[0055] ④ Rotary drill bit stops: Rotation speed < preset stop judgment threshold;

[0056] ⑤ Riser pressure is 0: Riser pressure < preset riser pressure judgment threshold;

[0057] ⑥ Pump stoppage: Outlet flow rate < preset outlet flow rate judgment value;

[0058] ⑦ When the vehicle is stationary: the average speed of the vehicle = the preset speed judgment value of the vehicle;

[0059] ⑧ Drill bit upward movement: Average drill bit speed < preset drill bit speed judgment value;

[0060] ⑨ The tour bus is moving upwards: The average speed of the tour bus is greater than the preset speed judgment value;

[0061] ⑩ Seat: The load on the hook is less than the preset hook load setting value.

[0062] Furthermore, the operating states of the drill bit include: drill bit at the bottom of the well, drill bit leaving the bottom of the well, drill bit reaching the surface, and drill bit ascending. Based on the aforementioned rules defining the operating states of the drilling tools, the operating states of the drill bit can be obtained by comparing the drill bit position with preset bottom-of-well judgment values, preset surface judgment values, and preset drill bit speed judgment values. Specifically, sub-step A1 includes the following steps A11-A15:

[0063] Step A11: Determine the drill depth based on the drill bit position.

[0064] Step A12: When the difference between the drilling depth and the drill bit depth is less than or equal to the preset bottom hole determination value, the drill bit's operating state is determined to be that the drill bit is at the bottom of the well.

[0065] Step A13: Based on the drill bit depth within the first preset time period, obtain the average drill bit depth, and when the average drill bit depth is less than the preset ground judgment value, determine that the drill bit has reached the ground.

[0066] Step A14: Based on the difference between the well depth and the drill bit depth within the second preset time period, obtain the average difference value, and when the average difference value is greater than the preset ground judgment value, determine that the drill bit is in operation state as the drill bit leaving the bottom of the well.

[0067] Step A15: Based on the drill bit position within the third preset time period, obtain the average drill bit speed, and when the average drill bit speed is less than the preset drill bit speed judgment value, determine the drill bit's running state as drill bit upward.

[0068] In step A11, the preset bottom hole determination value can preferably be 20m.

[0069] In step A12, the preset ground level determination value can preferably be 30m.

[0070] In step A13, the value of the first preset time period can preferably be 10s.

[0071] In step A14, the value of the second preset time period can preferably be 10s.

[0072] In step A15, the preset drill bit speed determination value can preferably be 0 m / s.

[0073] In sub-step A2, the preset stop determination threshold can preferably be 5 rpm.

[0074] In sub-step A3, the preset pipe pressure determination threshold can preferably be 5 MPa.

[0075] Furthermore, the operating states of the traveling block include, but are not limited to, the traveling block being stationary and the traveling block moving upwards. Based on the above-mentioned rules defining the drilling tool operating states, the operating state of the drill bit can be obtained by comparing the hook height and the preset traveling block speed judgment value. Specifically, sub-step A4 includes the following steps A41-A43:

[0076] Step A41: Obtain the average speed of the traveling vehicle based on the height of the large hook within the fourth preset time period.

[0077] Step A42: When the average speed of the traveling vehicle is equal to the preset traveling vehicle speed judgment value, the traveling vehicle's operating state is determined to be that the traveling vehicle is stationary.

[0078] Step A43: When the average speed of the traveling vehicle is greater than the preset traveling vehicle speed judgment value, the traveling vehicle's operating state is determined to be traveling vehicle upward.

[0079] In step A41, the value of the fourth preset time period is not limited and can be reasonably selected according to actual application needs.

[0080] In step A42, the preset speed determination value of the traveling vehicle can preferably be 0 m / s.

[0081] In sub-step A5, the preset outlet flow rate determination value can preferably be 15 L / s.

[0082] In sub-step A6, the preset hook load setting value can preferably be 20t.

[0083] Step S120: Based on the drilling tool operating status, determine the drilling condition type by analyzing the coupling relationship between different drilling tool operating states.

[0084] After obtaining the drilling tool's operating status, the drilling condition type is identified according to the set judgment rules.

[0085] In this embodiment, the drilling condition type includes several sub-conditions under different conditions. (See reference...) Figure 2 The major operating conditions include, but are not limited to, tripping, running, and drilling.

[0086] Sub-conditions under tripping and running-out conditions include: setting up the drill string, idling, waiting, mid-way circulation, stopping the rotary table circulation, lifting the drill string, dry reaming, backwashing, reaming, running-out, well washing, dry reaming, and hole reaming.

[0087] Sub-conditions under drilling conditions include: setting up, waiting, sliding drilling, dry drilling, rotary drilling, stop waiting, static circulation, pump stop idling, circulation idling, lifting drill string, backwashing, reaming, lowering drill string, cleaning, dry reaming, and reaming.

[0088] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2 The drilling condition type is determined based on the coupling relationship between different drill string operating states. These operating states include the ten drill string operating states mentioned in step S110, combined with... Figure 2 The judgment conditions for several sub-conditions under different drilling conditions mentioned in the document are determined, and the judgment rules for identifying several sub-conditions under different drilling conditions are established. In the judgment rules, "!" means NOT and "&" means AND.

[0089] On the ground: ② & ③

[0090] Drilling start-stop and drilling down-stop: ! ②&③&⑩

[0091] Pulling out of the drill string and running down the drill string: ! ②&③&! ④&⑤&⑥&⑦&! ⑩

[0092] Pulling out of the drill string - stopping and pulling back in - stopping: ! ②&③&④&⑤&! ⑩

[0093] Pulling out - mid-trip circulation and running down - mid-trip circulation: ! ②& ③& ④& ! ⑤& ! ⑥& ⑦& ! ⑩

[0094] Drilling-to-stationary rotary table cycle and drilling-to-stationary rotary table cycle: ! ②& ③& ! ④& ! ⑤& ! ⑥& ⑦& ! ⑩

[0095] Pulling out the drill string - raising the drill string and pulling down the drill string - raising the drill string: ! ②& ③& ④& ⑤&! ⑦& ⑧& ⑨&! ⑩

[0096] Pulling out the drill string - dry backflip and pulling in the drill string - dry backflip: ! ②&③&! ④&⑤&⑥&! ⑦&⑧&⑨&! ⑩

[0097] Pulling out of the drill string - backwashing and running in - backwashing: ! ②& ③& ④& ! ⑤& ! ⑥& ! ⑦& ⑧& ⑨& ! ⑩

[0098] Pulling out the drill string - backscraping and drilling down - backscraping: ! ②& ③& ! ④& ! ⑤& ! ⑥& ! ⑦& ⑧& ⑨& ! ⑩

[0099] Pulling out and pulling in / out: ! ②& ③& ④& ⑤&! ⑦&! ⑧&! ⑨&! ⑩

[0100] Pulling out of the well and running in of the well: ! ②& ③& ④&! ⑤&! ⑥&! ⑦&! ⑧&! ⑨&! ⑩

[0101] Pulling out the drill string - dry scribbling and running out the drill string - dry scribbling: ! ②& ③& ④&! ⑤&! ⑥&! ⑦&! ⑧&! ⑨&! ⑩

[0102] Pulling out the drill string - reaming and drilling down - reaming: ! ②& ③& ! ④& ! ⑤& ! ⑥& ! ⑦& ! ⑧& ! ⑨& ! ⑩

[0103] Crawling in - sitting in the cardboard box: ! ③&⑩

[0104] Drill in - Ready to go: ①&! ③&④&⑤&⑥&! ⑩

[0105] Drilling - Sliding Drilling: ①&! ③&④&! ⑤&! ⑥&! ⑩

[0106] Drilling - Dry Drilling: ①&! ③&! ④&⑤&⑥&! ⑩

[0107] Drilling - Rotary Drilling: ①&! ③&! ④&! ⑤&! ⑥&! ⑩

[0108] Waiting for: ! ①&! ③&④&⑤&⑥&⑦&! ⑩

[0109] Drilling-Still Cycle: ! ①&! ③&④&! ⑤&! ⑥&⑦&! ⑩

[0110] Drilling - Pump Stoppage and Idle Run: ! ①&! ③&! ④&⑤&⑥&⑦&! ⑩

[0111] Drilling - Cyclic Idle: ! ①&! ③&! ④&! ⑤&! ⑥&⑦&! ⑩

[0112] Drilling-lifting drill string: ! ①&! ③&④&⑤&⑥&! ⑦&⑧&⑨&! ⑩

[0113] Drilling-backwashing well: ! ①&! ③&④&! ⑤&! ⑥&! ⑦&⑧&⑨&! ⑩

[0114] Drill in - dry cuts: ! ①&! ③&! ④&⑤&⑥&! ⑦&⑧&⑨&! ⑩

[0115] Drill into - reverse eye: ! ①&! ③&! ④&! ⑤&! ⑥&! ⑦&⑧&⑨&! ⑩

[0116] Drilling - Lowering the drill string: ! ①&! ③&④&⑤&⑥&! ⑦&! ⑧&! ⑨&! ⑩

[0117] Drilling-Well Cleaning: ! ①&! ③&④&! ⑤&! ⑥&! ⑦&! ⑧&! ⑨&! ⑩

[0118] Drill into - dry slits: ! ①&! ③&! ④&⑤&⑥&! ⑦&! ⑧&! ⑨&! ⑩

[0119] Drill into - Scratch: ! ①&! ③&! ④&! ⑤&! ⑥&! ⑦&! ⑧&! ⑨&! ⑩

[0120] Step S130: Identify abnormal events of key drilling parameters based on drilling condition type and drilling data.

[0121] In the method for determining abnormal events, early warning rules are set for hook load, pump pressure, torque and total pool volume. Based on each identified working condition, the corresponding drilling engineering data and early warning rules are used for each working condition type to finally obtain early warning information for key parameters of abnormal drilling engineering.

[0122] In this embodiment, the key parameters of the drilling project include: hook load, torque, pump pressure, pump flush, and total tank volume.

[0123] In one embodiment, the step of identifying anomalous events in key drilling parameters based on drilling condition type and drilling data includes the following sub-steps B1-B5:

[0124] Sub-step B1: Based on the hook load, identify whether there is an abnormal hook load in the current drilling condition category.

[0125] Sub-step B2: Based on the torque and torque reference value, identify whether there is an abnormal torque in the current drilling condition category.

[0126] Sub-step B3: Based on the total pool volume and total pool volume assessment parameters, identify whether there is an anomaly in the total pool volume within the current drilling condition category.

[0127] Sub-step B4 identifies whether pump pressure anomalies occur in the current drilling condition category based on pump flushing, pump pressure, and pump pressure warning thresholds.

[0128] Sub-step B5: Based on one or more of the following abnormal events that occur in the current drilling condition category: hook load abnormality, torque abnormality, total pool volume abnormality, and pump pressure abnormality, determine the abnormal event.

[0129] Furthermore, the methods for determining whether hook load anomalies occur differ depending on the current drilling condition category. When the current drilling condition category is tripping out, different judgment conditions are used based on the different stages the hook is in. An abnormal hook load is determined to have occurred in the current tripping out condition if any one of the drilling data meets these judgment conditions. Specifically, refer to... Figure 3 Sub-step B1 includes:

[0130] When the hook is in the ascending process, if the sum of the hook load and the first value at the current moment is greater than the first preset hook load value, it is determined that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current drilling condition; or,

[0131] When the hook is ascending and a moving drill string occurs in the current tripping condition, if the first hook load fluctuation exceeds the second hook load preset value, it is determined that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current tripping condition; or,

[0132] Determine the hook load and hook height during the hook lowering period. If the result of dividing the hook load fluctuation during the hook lowering period by the difference in the first hook height range is greater than the third hook load preset value, it is determined that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current drilling condition.

[0133] Specifically, when the current drilling condition is tripping, the judgment rules differ depending on the stage of the hook. The different judgment conditions and rules are as follows:

[0134] Condition 1: During the continuous upward movement of the large hook, it does not descend in the middle when it reaches the highest point (i.e., it continues to pull up the drill bit);

[0135] Rule 1: When the maximum value of the current hook load - the previous hook load + the weight of the drill pipe is greater than or equal to 50 kN, an early warning will be issued.

[0136] Condition 2: During the continuous ascent of the large hook, when it reaches its highest point, a descending drilling tool appears in the current tripping condition;

[0137] Rule 2: If the hook load fluctuation during the current drill string lowering period is greater than or equal to 50 kN plus the first hook load fluctuation during the current drill string tripping process, an early warning will be issued.

[0138] Condition 3: During continuous drilling, a hook lowering action occurs. After each lowering, calculate the hook load fluctuation and the difference in hook height range during the lowering time period.

[0139] Rule 3: Issue an early warning when the difference between the hook load fluctuation and the maximum hook height range exceeds the third hook load preset value.

[0140] The first value is determined by the sum of the weight of a drill pipe and the maximum value of all hook loads within the seventh preset time period prior to the current moment. The specific value of the seventh preset time period is not limited and can be reasonably selected according to actual application requirements.

[0141] The preset values ​​of the first hook load and the second hook load can preferably be 50 kN.

[0142] The first hook load fluctuation is determined based on the difference between the maximum and minimum hook load during the drill string lowering period.

[0143] The hook load fluctuation during the hook lowering period is determined based on the difference between the maximum and minimum hook load during the time period below the hook.

[0144] The first large hook height range difference is determined based on the difference between the maximum and minimum hook heights during the hook lowering period.

[0145] Furthermore, when the current drilling condition is classified as "run-in," it is determined whether the current stage is the hook lowering process or the drill string lowering process. Different judgment conditions are used for different stages, and if any one of the judgment conditions is met in the drilling data, an abnormal hook load is determined to have occurred in the current run-in condition. Specifically, refer to... Figure 3 Sub-step B1 includes:

[0146] When the hook is being lowered, if the difference between the second value and the current hook load is greater than the fourth preset hook load value, an abnormal hook load is determined to have occurred in the current drilling condition; or,

[0147] Determine the hook load during the drill string lowering process, and determine that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current drilling condition when the second hook load fluctuation exceeds the preset value of the fifth hook load.

[0148] Specifically, when the current drilling operation is classified as "run-in drilling," the corresponding judgment rules vary depending on the stage. The different judgment conditions and their corresponding judgment rules are as follows:

[0149] Condition 1: During the continuous descent of the large hook, it does not rise in the middle when it reaches the lowest point (i.e., it continues to drill downwards);

[0150] Rule 1: If the minimum load of the previous hook - the current hook load - the weight of the drill pipe >= 50KN, an early warning will be issued.

[0151] Condition 2: During the continuous descent of the large hook, there is an upward movement of the drill string when it reaches the lowest point;

[0152] Rule 2: If an abnormal hook load of >= 50KN + the first hook load fluctuation during the current drill string tripping process occurs in the current drilling condition, an early warning will be issued.

[0153] The second value is determined based on the difference between the minimum load of all hooks within the eighth preset time period prior to the current moment and the weight of one drill pipe. The specific value of the eighth preset time period is not limited and can be reasonably selected according to actual application requirements.

[0154] The second hook load fluctuation is determined based on the difference between the maximum and minimum hook heights within a preset time period during the drill string lowering process.

[0155] Furthermore, when the current drilling condition is classified as drilling, a judgment condition is used for judgment, and if the drilling data meets the judgment condition, an abnormal hook load is determined to have occurred in the current drilling condition. Specifically, refer to... Figure 3 Sub-step B1 includes:

[0156] Determine the hook load and hook height within a preset time period during the hook lowering process, and obtain the third hook load fluctuation based on the maximum and minimum hook load within the preset time period during the hook lowering process.

[0157] When the result of dividing the third hook load fluctuation by the difference in the second hook height range is greater than the sixth hook load preset value, it is determined that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current drilling condition.

[0158] Specifically, during drilling operations, when the drill string is raised or lowered, it is considered a moving drill string, and the moving drill string rule is applied for judgment. This rule includes issuing an early warning when the difference between the third hook load fluctuation and the hook height movement range exceeds the preset value of the sixth hook load.

[0159] The second large hook height range difference is determined based on the difference between the maximum and minimum hook heights within a preset time period during the hook lowering process.

[0160] The sixth hook load preset value is obtained based on the historical hook load during a preset time period when the active drill string structure enters the drilling condition. The preset time period is preferably 5 minutes.

[0161] Furthermore, when identifying whether an abnormal torque occurs in the current drilling condition category, a torque reference value is determined based on the torque within a preset time period. The torque within the preset time period and the torque reference value are then compared with the preset torque value. If any preset judgment condition is met, an abnormal torque is determined to have occurred in the current drilling condition category. Specifically, sub-step B2 includes:

[0162] When the drill bit contacts the bottom of the well, the average torque is obtained based on the torque within the ninth preset time period, and the first difference is obtained based on the maximum and minimum torque within the ninth preset time period.

[0163] Based on the torque within the target time period in the ninth preset time period, the average torque reference value is obtained, and based on the maximum and minimum torque values ​​within the target time period, the second difference is obtained.

[0164] Based on the torque reference average value and the torque average value, the torque difference is obtained. If the result of the torque difference divided by the torque average value is greater than the preset torque value, it is determined that a torque anomaly has occurred in the current drilling condition category. Alternatively, the first difference value is subtracted from the second difference value to obtain the third difference value. If the result of the third difference value divided by the first difference value is greater than the preset torque value, it is determined that a torque anomaly has occurred in the current drilling condition category.

[0165] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 The torque value was recorded for 5 minutes starting when the drill bit touched the bottom of the well at a depth of 0 meters, with the torque value being collected at a frequency of 5 seconds.

[0166] Take the torque in the last minute of the 5-minute timeframe as the torque reference value. Take the difference between the average torque in the last minute and the average torque over the 5 minutes as the quotient of the average torque over the 5 minutes as the change in the average torque. Then, take the difference between the maximum and minimum torque values ​​in the last minute and the difference between the maximum and minimum torque values ​​over the 5 minutes. Take the difference between the difference between the maximum and minimum torque values ​​over the 5 minutes as the torque activity range.

[0167] When the change in the average torque is greater than the preset torque value or the fluctuation range of the torque is greater than the preset torque value, it is determined that an abnormal torque has occurred in the current drilling condition category.

[0168] The ninth preset time period can preferably be 5 minutes.

[0169] The target time period can preferably be the last minute of the ninth preset time period.

[0170] The specific value of the preset torque is not limited and can be selected reasonably according to the actual application requirements. For example, it can be 5%.

[0171] Specifically, during the calculation of the torque reference average and second difference, the torque reference value is continuously updated. Each time a torque is collected, the first torque in the torque reference value is removed, and the collected torque is included in the reference value. The torque reference value for the current standpipe contacting the bottom of the well for 5 minutes is compared with the torque reference value for the previous standpipe contacting the bottom of the well for 5 minutes according to the aforementioned torque judgment rules to identify whether an abnormal torque has occurred. If no warning occurs, the torque within those 5 minutes is used as the reference value to calculate the torque reference average and second difference. If an alarm occurs, the torque within those 5 minutes is not used as the torque reference value in the calculation; instead, the torque reference value from the previous standpipe is used.

[0172] In sub-step B3, the total tank volume assessment parameters include the total tank volume change and the total tank volume reference value.

[0173] Furthermore, when identifying whether an anomaly in the total pool volume occurs within the current drilling condition category, the average total pool volume is obtained based on the total pool volume over a preset time period. Then, a judgment is made based on the relationship between the average total pool volume and different total pool volume assessment parameters. Specifically, sub-step B3 includes the following steps B31-B32:

[0174] Step B31: Obtain the average total pool volume based on the total pool volume within the tenth preset time period after the current time.

[0175] Step B32: When the difference between the average total pool volume and the reference total pool volume is greater than or equal to the change in total pool volume, and the change in total pool volume is greater than the preset total pool volume threshold, it is determined that an anomaly in the total pool volume has occurred in the current drilling condition category.

[0176] Specifically, a reference value for the total pool volume is determined based on the average of all total pool volumes 5 minutes prior to the current time, and the average of all total pool volumes 5 minutes after the current time minus the reference value is greater than or equal to 1 m³. 3 An early warning will be issued if the total pool volume changes by more than or equal to 0.5 m³ within 30 seconds.

[0177] The tenth preset time period can preferably be 5 minutes.

[0178] The total pool volume reference value is obtained based on the average historical total pool volume over the sixth preset time period prior to the current moment.

[0179] The change in total pool volume is obtained based on the historical total pool volume within the sixth preset time period prior to the current moment.

[0180] Furthermore, when identifying whether pump pressure anomalies occur in the current drilling condition category, the determination is made based on different judgment conditions combined with total pump flush and pump pressure. If either total pump flush or pump pressure meets any preset judgment condition, it is determined that a pump pressure anomaly has occurred in the current drilling condition category. Specifically, refer to... Figure 5 Sub-step B4 includes:

[0181] The pump pressure difference is calculated based on the difference between the current total pump pressure and the preset total pump pressure. If the result of dividing the pump pressure difference by the preset total pump pressure is less than the pump pressure warning threshold, an abnormal pump pressure is determined to have occurred in the current drilling condition category; or,

[0182] When the total pump pressure changes and the duration of the abnormal total pump pressure meets a preset abnormal period threshold, the pump pressure difference is obtained based on the difference between the pump pressure at the current time and the pump pressure at the preset time. If the result of dividing the pump pressure difference by the pump pressure at the preset time is greater than the pump pressure warning threshold, it is determined that a pump pressure abnormality has occurred in the current drilling condition category; or,

[0183] When the total pump surge increases and the pump pressure decreases, it indicates that an abnormal pump pressure has occurred in the drilling condition to be identified.

[0184] Specifically, the pump pressure warning threshold is determined based on the pump pressure at the current moment. When the pump pressure at the current moment is >30 MPa, the pump pressure warning threshold is 5%; when the pump pressure at the current moment is <=30 MPa, the pump pressure warning threshold is 10%.

[0185] Specifically, the rules for determining whether pump pressure anomalies occur in the current drilling condition category include:

[0186] Rule 1: If [(current total pump flush - total pump flush 1 minute ago) / total pump flush 1 minute ago] < pump pressure warning threshold, issue a warning.

[0187] Rule 2: When the total pump flow changes, when the pump pressure issues an early warning, the time interval between the early warning point and the starting point of the change in total pump flow is determined. If the time interval exceeds 5 minutes, then (current pump pressure - pump pressure 1 minute ago) is determined to be greater than the pump pressure early warning threshold, and an early warning is issued.

[0188] Rule 3: When the total pump surge increases and the pump pressure decreases, it indicates that an abnormal pump pressure has occurred in the drilling condition to be identified.

[0189] The abnormal period is determined based on the pump pressure warning time and the start time of the total pump surge change.

[0190] The preset abnormal time period can preferably be 5 minutes.

[0191] Based on the above-described method for determining abnormal drilling conditions, the present invention also provides a system for determining abnormal drilling conditions. This system implements the method described above for determining abnormal drilling conditions.

[0192] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the system for determining abnormal drilling conditions according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the system for determining abnormal drilling conditions includes: an operation mode determination module 601, an operation condition type determination module 602, and an abnormal event determination module 603.

[0193] Specifically, the operation mode determination module 601 is implemented according to the method described in step S110 above, configured to acquire real-time drilling engineering data, and based on this, identify the drilling tool operation status; the working condition type determination module 602 is implemented according to the method described in step S120 above, configured to determine the drilling working condition type based on the drilling tool operation status by analyzing the coupling relationship between different drilling tool operation states; the abnormal event determination module 603 is implemented according to the method described in step S130 above, configured to identify abnormal events of key drilling engineering parameters based on the drilling working condition type and the drilling engineering data.

[0194] This invention proposes a method and system for identifying abnormal events in drilling operations. The method and system intelligently identify drilling conditions based on the drilling tool's operating status, reducing human intervention and ensuring consistency and objectivity in judgment. Furthermore, it combines anomaly identification with changes in drilling parameters under different operating conditions, enabling multi-dimensional analysis of various drilling engineering parameters. This reduces errors caused by judging a single parameter, improving the practicality, adaptability, and accuracy of abnormal event identification. In addition, it can automatically identify potential complex problems under different operating conditions, further enhancing the accuracy of abnormal event identification.

[0195] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0196] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0197] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0198] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to the specific structures, processing steps, or materials disclosed herein, but should be extended to equivalent substitutions of these features as understood by those skilled in the art. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0199] The phrase "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" used in this specification means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, the phrase "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0200] While the embodiments disclosed in this invention are as described above, the content is merely for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make any modifications and changes in form and detail of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed herein; however, the scope of patent protection of this invention shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining abnormal events in drilling operations, characterized in that, include: Acquire real-time drilling engineering data and, based on this, identify the operating status of the drilling tools; Based on the drilling tool operating status, the drilling condition type is determined by analyzing the coupling relationship between different drilling tool operating states; Based on the drilling condition type and the drilling data, identify abnormal events in key drilling parameters.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling data includes, but is not limited to: drilling depth, drill bit position, rotary drill speed, standpipe pressure, outlet flow rate, hook height, hook load, pump flush, total tank volume, pump pressure, and torque. Key parameters for drilling operations include: hook load, torque, pump pressure, pump flush, and total tank volume; The drilling tools include, but are not limited to: drill bits, rotary drilling tools, risers, traveling blocks, pumps, and hooks; The drilling condition types include several sub-conditions under different major condition categories, and the major condition categories include, but are not limited to, tripping, running, and drilling. Sub-conditions under tripping and running-out conditions include: setting up the drill string, idling, waiting, mid-way circulation, stopping the rotary table circulation, lifting the drill string, dry reaming, backwashing, reaming, running-out, well washing, dry reaming, and reaming. Sub-conditions under drilling conditions include: setting up, waiting, sliding drilling, dry drilling, rotary drilling, stop waiting, static circulation, pump stop idling, circulation idling, lifting drill string, backwashing, dry reaming, reaming hole, lowering drill string, washing well, dry reaming, and reaming hole.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The steps for identifying the operating status of drilling tools based on drilling engineering data include: Based on the drilling depth and drill bit position, the operating status of the drill bit is determined using preset judgment values ​​of the corresponding parameters; When the rotational speed of the rotary drilling tool is less than the preset stop determination threshold, the operating state of the rotary drilling tool is determined to be stopped. When the riser pressure is less than the preset riser pressure threshold, the riser's operating status is determined to be 0. Based on the height of the hook, the operating status of the traveling trolley is determined using the preset judgment values ​​of the corresponding parameters; When the outlet flow rate is less than the preset outlet flow rate judgment value, the pump's operating status is determined to be stopped. When the load on the hook is less than the preset hook load setting value, the hook's operating state is determined to be "sitting".

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The operating states of the drill bit include: the drill bit at the bottom of the well, the drill bit leaving the bottom of the well, the drill bit reaching the surface, and the drill bit moving upwards. The step of determining the operating state of the drill bit includes: Determine the drill depth based on the drill bit position; When the difference between the well depth and the drill bit depth is less than or equal to the preset bottom-of-well determination value, the drill bit's operating state is determined to be that the drill bit is at the bottom of the well. Based on the drill bit depth within the first preset time period, the average drill bit depth is obtained, and when the average drill bit depth is less than the preset ground judgment value, the drill bit's operating state is determined to be that the drill bit has reached the ground. The average difference is obtained based on the difference between the well depth and the drill bit depth within the second preset time period. When the average difference is greater than the preset ground judgment value, the operating state of the drill bit is determined to be that the drill bit has left the bottom of the well. Based on the drill bit position within the third preset time period, the average drill bit speed is obtained, and when the average drill bit speed is less than the preset drill bit speed determination value, the drill bit's operating state is determined to be drill bit upward.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The operating states of the traveling trolley include, but are not limited to, the traveling trolley being stationary and the traveling trolley moving upwards. The step of determining the operating state of the traveling trolley based on the hook height and using preset judgment values ​​of corresponding parameters includes: The average speed of the trolley is obtained based on the height of the large hook during the fourth preset time period; When the average speed of the traveling vehicle is equal to the preset traveling vehicle speed determination value, the traveling vehicle's operating state is determined to be that the traveling vehicle is stationary; When the average speed of the traveling vehicle is greater than the preset traveling vehicle speed determination value, the traveling vehicle's operating state is determined to be traveling vehicle upward.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The step of identifying abnormal events in key drilling parameters based on the drilling condition type and the drilling data includes: Based on the hook load, identify whether there is an abnormal hook load in the current drilling condition category; Based on the torque and torque reference value, identify whether there is an abnormal torque in the current drilling condition category. The torque reference value is determined based on the historical torque within the fifth preset time period. Based on the total pool volume and total pool volume assessment parameters, identify whether there is an abnormal total pool volume in the current drilling condition category. The total pool volume is determined based on the historical total pool volume within the sixth preset time period. Based on pump flushing, pump pressure, and pump pressure warning thresholds, it is determined whether pump pressure anomalies occur in the current drilling condition category. The value of the pump pressure warning threshold is determined based on the real-time pump pressure. The abnormal event is determined based on one or more of the following: hook load abnormality, torque abnormality, total pool volume abnormality, and pump pressure abnormality that occur in the current drilling condition category.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the current drilling condition category is tripping, the step of identifying whether there is an abnormal hook load in the current drilling condition category based on the hook load includes: When the hook is in the ascending process, if the sum of the hook load at the current moment and a first value is greater than a preset first hook load value, it is determined that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current drilling condition. The first value is determined based on the sum of the weight of one drill pipe and the maximum value of all hook loads within a seventh preset time period prior to the current moment; or, When the hook is rising and a moving drill string occurs during the current tripping operation, an abnormal hook load is determined to have occurred in the current tripping operation if the first hook load fluctuation exceeds the second hook load preset value. The first hook load fluctuation is determined based on the difference between the maximum and minimum hook load values ​​during the drill string lowering period; or, Determine the hook load and hook height during the hook lowering period. If the result of dividing the hook load fluctuation during the hook lowering period by the first hook height range difference is greater than the third hook load preset value, it is determined that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current drilling condition. The first hook height range difference is determined based on the difference between the maximum and minimum hook height during the hook lowering period.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, When the current drilling condition category is "running in," the step of identifying whether there is an abnormal hook load in the current drilling condition category based on the hook load includes: When the hook is being lowered, if the difference between the second value and the hook load at the current moment is greater than the fourth preset hook load value, it is determined that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current drilling condition. The second value is determined based on the difference between the minimum hook load of all hooks in the eighth preset time period prior to the current moment and the weight of one drill pipe; or, The load on the hook during the drill string lowering process is determined, and when the second hook load fluctuation exceeds the preset value of the fifth hook load, it is determined that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current drilling condition. The second hook load fluctuation is determined based on the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the hook height within a preset time period during the drill string lowering process.

9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that, When the current drilling condition category is drilling, the step of identifying whether there is an abnormal hook load in the current drilling condition category based on the hook load includes: Determine the hook load and hook height within a preset time period during the hook lowering process, and obtain the third hook load fluctuation based on the maximum and minimum hook load within the preset time period during the hook lowering process. When the result of dividing the third hook load fluctuation by the second hook height range difference is greater than the sixth hook load preset value, it is determined that an abnormal hook load has occurred in the current drilling condition. The second hook height range difference is determined based on the difference between the maximum and minimum hook heights within a preset time period during the hook lowering process.

10. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that, The steps for identifying whether torque anomalies occur in the current drilling condition category based on torque and torque reference values ​​include: When the drill bit contacts the bottom of the well, the average torque is obtained based on the torque within the ninth preset time period, and the first difference is obtained based on the maximum and minimum torque within the ninth preset time period. Based on the torque within the target time period in the ninth preset time period, the average torque reference value is obtained, and based on the maximum and minimum torque values ​​within the target time period, the second difference is obtained. Based on the torque reference average value and the torque average value, a torque difference is obtained. If the result of dividing the torque difference by the torque average value is greater than a preset torque value, it is determined that a torque anomaly has occurred in the current drilling condition category. Alternatively, the second difference is subtracted from the first difference to obtain a third difference. If the result of dividing the third difference by the first difference is greater than a preset torque value, it is determined that a torque anomaly has occurred in the current drilling condition category.

11. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that, The total pool volume assessment parameters include the total pool volume change and the total pool volume reference value. The step of identifying whether an anomaly in the total pool volume occurs within the current drilling condition category based on the total pool volume and the total pool volume assessment parameters includes: The average total pool volume is obtained based on the total pool volume within the tenth preset time period after the current moment. When the difference between the average total pool volume and the reference total pool volume is greater than or equal to the change in total pool volume, and the change in total pool volume is greater than a preset total pool volume threshold, it is determined that an anomaly in the total pool volume has occurred in the current drilling condition category. The reference total pool volume is obtained based on the average historical total pool volume within the sixth preset time period prior to the current moment, and the change in total pool volume is obtained based on the historical total pool volume within the sixth preset time period prior to the current moment.

12. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that, The step of identifying whether abnormal pump pressure has occurred in the current drilling condition category based on pump flushing, pump pressure, and pump pressure warning thresholds includes: Based on the difference between the total pump surge at the current moment and the total pump surge at a preset moment, a pump surge difference is obtained. If the result of dividing the pump surge difference by the total pump surge at the preset moment is less than the pump pressure warning threshold, an abnormal pump pressure is determined to have occurred in the current drilling condition category; or, When the total pump flow changes and the duration of the abnormal total pump flow meets a preset abnormal period threshold, a pump pressure difference is obtained based on the difference between the pump pressure at the current time and the pump pressure at the preset time. If the result of dividing the pump pressure difference by the pump pressure at the preset time is greater than the pump pressure warning threshold, a pump pressure abnormality is determined to have occurred in the current drilling condition category. The abnormal period is determined based on the pump pressure warning time and the start time of the total pump flow change; or, When the total pump surge increases and the pump pressure decreases, it is determined that an abnormal pump pressure has occurred in the drilling condition to be identified.

13. A system for determining abnormal events in drilling conditions, characterized in that, include: The operation mode determination module is configured to acquire real-time drilling engineering data and, based on this, identify the drilling tool operation status. The working condition type determination module is configured to determine the drilling working condition type based on the drilling tool operating status by analyzing the coupling relationship between different drilling tool operating states; An abnormal event determination module is configured to identify abnormal events of key parameters of the drilling project based on the drilling condition type and the drilling project data.

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