Fuel cell thermal management system based on double-pump active flow decoupling and control method

The fuel cell thermal management system, which uses a dual-pump active flow decoupling, combines the first and second water pumps with a hydraulic decoupling bridge and an expansion tank to achieve stable constant temperature control and low power consumption operation of the fuel cell stack. This solves the problems of temperature control nonlinearity and pressure fluctuation in existing technologies, and improves the stability and efficiency of the system.

CN122370441APending Publication Date: 2026-07-10GUIZHOU MEILING POWER SUPPLY CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202610586412.0
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2026-04-29
Publication Date
2026-07-10

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing proton exchange membrane fuel cell thermal management systems suffer from problems such as nonlinear temperature control, pressure fluctuations, high energy consumption, and multi-branch coupling interference. In particular, it is difficult to achieve stable constant temperature control and prevent cavitation under dynamic loads.

Method used

The system adopts a dual-pump active flow decoupling architecture, where the first and second pumps control the main circulation and the secondary circulation respectively. Combined with a hydraulic decoupling bridge and an expansion tank, it achieves independent dual closed-loop control. Temperature sensors and controllers are used for precise flow regulation, eliminating nonlinear effects and pressure fluctuations.

Benefits of technology

Stable constant temperature control of fuel cell stacks has been achieved, reducing system power consumption, preventing cavitation, improving the system's net output efficiency and operational stability, and adapting to varying load conditions.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell thermal management, in particular to a fuel cell thermal management system based on double-pump active flow decoupling and a control method, and the system comprises a fuel cell stack, a first water pump, a second water pump, a radiator, a hydraulic decoupling bridge, an expansion water tank, a temperature detection unit and a controller. The first water pump, the electric pile and the hydraulic decoupling bridge form a main circulation loop, and the second water pump, the radiator and the hydraulic decoupling bridge form an auxiliary circulation loop. The controller adjusts the rotating speed of the first water pump according to the pile inlet and outlet temperature difference to maintain temperature uniformity and adjusts the rotating speed of the second water pump according to the pile inlet water temperature to control the inlet water temperature. The sectional area of an internal flow channel of the hydraulic decoupling bridge is larger than that of a pipeline, pressure decoupling is achieved through the low flow resistance characteristic of the hydraulic decoupling bridge, main circulation pressure is not changed when cooling liquid is injected into the second water pump, standard static pressure is established through T-shaped connection of the expansion water tank, gas is automatically exhausted through cooperation with an exhaust port, and cavitation is prevented.
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