All-weather multi-source environmental energy capturing system based on composite structure of roadbed drainage pipe

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture systems based on roadbed drainage pipe composite structure, including composite structure drainage module, energy conversion module, energy storage module and monitoring control module;Composite structure drainage module includes composite structure drainage pipe;Composite structure drainage pipe includes water-permeable flow guide layer, energy conversion layer, enhanced bearing layer and filter protection layer in turn from inside to outside;Energy conversion module excites lattice vibration by environmental energy source, and utilizes the built-in electric field formed in energy conversion layer to drive the directional transport of vibration-excited electron-hole pairs, to output current;Energy storage module receives the current output by energy conversion module, and stores the electric energy corresponding to current;Monitoring control module monitors the operating state of drainage pipe, and meets the drainage function requirement.The application can realize the function cooperation of drainage and energy capture, reduce the dependence on external power supply, realize the all-weather self-powered and intelligent operation of roadbed facilities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of road engineering and new energy utilization, specifically to an all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system based on a roadbed drainage pipe composite structure. Background Technology

[0002] Roadbed drainage systems are important infrastructure for ensuring the stability and safety of road structures. Existing roadbed drainage pipes mostly adopt structural forms such as HDPE and polyester fiber composite materials. Their functions are mainly focused on drainage and foundation bearing protection. The overall function is relatively simple and fails to effectively utilize the multi-source environmental energy that exists in the service environment for a long time.

[0003] In terms of energy supply, the auxiliary monitoring and control systems of roadbed projects typically rely on municipal power grids or independently installed renewable energy devices such as photovoltaics and wind power. However, grid power supply suffers from significant transmission losses over long distances and insufficient coverage in remote sections; moreover, energy forms such as photovoltaics and wind power are significantly affected by sunlight, wind speed, and time conditions, making it difficult to achieve stable all-weather power supply; at the same time, the addition of independent energy devices often requires additional space, increasing project complexity and construction costs. Moreover, existing roadbed drainage structures and energy harvesting devices are usually independent of each other, lacking integrated design and functional coordination mechanisms at the structural level, making it difficult to achieve the coupling and unification of drainage functions and energy utilization, thus limiting the multi-functional expansion and intelligent development of roadbed infrastructure.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a structurally integrated technical solution that can take into account both drainage function and environmental energy utilization, so as to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency and continuous energy supply capacity of roadbed facilities. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide an all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system based on a roadbed drainage pipe composite structure, which can realize the functional synergy of drainage and energy capture, reduce dependence on external power supply, and realize all-weather self-powering and intelligent operation of roadbed facilities.

[0006] The present invention relates to an all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system based on a roadbed drainage pipe composite structure, comprising a composite structure drainage module, an energy conversion module, an energy storage module, and a monitoring and control module;

[0007] The composite structure drainage module includes a composite structure drainage pipe; the composite structure drainage pipe includes, from the inside out, a water-permeable guiding layer, an energy conversion layer, a reinforced load-bearing layer, and a filter protection layer.

[0008] The energy conversion module is used to excite lattice vibrations through an ambient energy source and use the built-in electric field formed in the energy conversion layer to drive the directional transport of the vibrating excited electron-hole pairs, thereby outputting current.

[0009] The energy storage module is used to receive the current output by the energy conversion module and store the electrical energy corresponding to the current.

[0010] The monitoring and control module is used to monitor the operating status of the drainage pipe and to meet the drainage function requirements by adjusting the charging and discharging status of the energy storage module.

[0011] Furthermore, the energy conversion layer adopts a nano-heterojunction structure;

[0012] Nanostructured heterojunctions were prepared using the following method:

[0013] Multilayer graphene was grown on a silicon substrate using chemical vapor deposition; phosphorus was doped using ion implantation to form an N-type silicon layer; and graphene and silicon layers were stacked layer by layer using van der Waals forces, resulting in a total number of layers. layer.

[0014] Furthermore, a TiO2 passivation layer is coated on the graphene surface; amino functional groups are modified at the edges of the graphene.

[0015] Furthermore, the filter protection layer adopts a gradient filtration design; wherein, the outer layer of the filter protection layer uses a pore size of The polyester nonwoven fabric, the inner layer of the filter protective layer uses a pore size of Polypropylene meltblown fabric; Greater than .

[0016] Furthermore, lattice vibrations are excited by an environmental energy source, and the built-in electric field formed in the energy conversion layer drives the directional transport of the excited electron-hole pairs, thereby outputting current. Specifically, this includes:

[0017] Neutrinos interact with silicon nuclei in nanostructures through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleon scattering, transferring some momentum to the target nucleus and inducing initial lattice vibrations.

[0018] The energy deposited by the ionization loss of cosmic muons and the energy absorbed by environmental electromagnetic waves through graphene plasmon resonance are all converted into lattice vibrations, which are superimposed on the vibrations induced by neutrinos to enhance the amplitude.

[0019] The built-in electric field formed by doped silicon drives the directional transport of vibration-excited electron-hole pairs, ultimately resulting in a continuous current output.

[0020] Furthermore, the effective cross section for coherent elastic scattering of neutrinos with silicon nuclei determines the momentum transfer efficiency;

[0021] The effective cross section for neutrino-nucleon scattering is determined using the following formula:

[0022] ;

[0023] in, The effective cross section for coherent elastic neutrino-nucleon scattering; The Fermi coupling constant is denoted as . For silicon core quality; Neutrino energy; This is the amount of momentum transferred; is the nuclear shape factor, which describes the effect of nuclear structure on scattering.

[0024] Furthermore, after the graphene plasmon resonance absorbs electromagnetic waves, it transfers energy to the silicon layer through van der Waals forces, inducing longitudinal optical phonon vibrations.

[0025] The phonon energy transfer efficiency is determined by the following formula:

[0026] ;

[0027] in, Phonon energy transfer efficiency; The plasma absorption cross section describes the effective absorption area of ​​electromagnetic waves by isopolarons in graphene. Electromagnetic flux is the electromagnetic energy passing through a unit area per unit time. To reduce Planck's constant; for Phonon frequency; Let be the phonon number density.

[0028] Furthermore, the plasma absorption cross section is determined according to the following formula:

[0029] ;

[0030] in, It is the plasma absorption cross section; The plasma frequency; This is the imaginary part of the dielectric function; It is the angular frequency of the electromagnetic wave.

[0031] Furthermore, the output power of the energy conversion module is determined according to the following formula:

[0032] ;

[0033] in, This refers to the output power of the energy conversion module; The energy conversion efficiency of the nanoheterostructure; The total energy flux in the environment; Spatial location; For time; The effective cross section of the material for radiation of different energies E; The energy of the incident radiation particle; The effective capture volume of the energy conversion layer.

[0034] Furthermore, the minimum burial depth of the composite structure drainage pipe is determined according to the following formula. :

[0035] ;

[0036] in, Minimum burial depth for composite structure drainage pipes considering vehicle static load; The minimum embedment depth required to prevent interface delamination and neutrino capture in nanoheterojunctions due to vibration;

[0037] ; For single-axle loads of the vehicle; This is the load diffusion angle coefficient; This refers to the width of the bottom of the drain pipe; The allowable bearing capacity of the subgrade soil;

[0038] ; The dominant frequency of vehicle vibration; The characteristic wavelength of the scattered wave when neutrinos undergo coherent elastic neutrino-nuclear scattering with matter; ; It is Planck's constant; For silicon core quality; This represents the neutrino velocity.

[0039] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention discloses an all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system based on a roadbed drainage pipe composite structure. By sequentially arranging a permeable guiding layer, an energy conversion layer, a reinforcing bearing layer, and a filter protection layer inside the composite drainage pipe from the inside out, it achieves integrated drainage and energy harvesting functions. The energy conversion layer adopts a nano-heterojunction structure, achieving synergistic excitation and electrical conversion of multi-source environmental energy, including neutrinos, cosmic muons, and environmental electromagnetic waves, through graphene / silicon multilayer heterojunctions and the built-in electric field at the interface. Electrical energy is stored through an energy storage module, and combined with a monitoring and control module, operational status sensing and charge / discharge regulation are achieved, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the drainage system. This invention achieves synergy between drainage and energy harvesting functions, improves energy utilization efficiency and continuous output capability, enhances operational stability and self-powering capability, reduces dependence on external power supply, and realizes all-weather self-powering and intelligent operation of roadbed facilities. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the energy capture system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in the figures:

[0043] This embodiment discloses an all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system based on a roadbed drainage pipe composite structure, including a composite structure drainage module, an energy conversion module, an energy storage module, and a monitoring and control module;

[0044] The composite structure drainage module includes a composite structure drainage pipe; the composite structure drainage pipe includes, from the inside out, a water-permeable guiding layer, an energy conversion layer, a reinforced load-bearing layer, and a filter protection layer.

[0045] The energy conversion module is used to excite lattice vibrations through an ambient energy source and use the built-in electric field formed in the energy conversion layer to drive the directional transport of the vibrating excited electron-hole pairs, thereby outputting current.

[0046] The energy storage module is used to receive the current output by the energy conversion module and store the electrical energy corresponding to the current.

[0047] The monitoring and control module is used to monitor the operating status of the drainage pipe and to meet the drainage function requirements by adjusting the charging and discharging status of the energy storage module.

[0048] In this embodiment, the permeable guiding layer of the composite structure drainage pipe adopts a diamond mesh structure woven from high-strength polyester yarn with a porosity of 35%-45%. Specifically, the diamond mesh is woven by a warp and weft interlacing machine with a mesh size of 5mm×5mm. It is impregnated with epoxy resin modified asphalt coating to improve corrosion resistance and tensile strength. It is hot-pressed into a corrugated pipe structure with a diameter of 30cm, a corrugation height of 5cm, and a corrugation pitch of 15cm.

[0049] After forming a continuous drainage channel, the drainage efficiency meets Q=5L / (s•m²) (slope 2%). The middle energy conversion layer is supported by a mesh structure, reducing water flow erosion damage. The drainage flow rate is tested through hydraulic tests, meeting Q=5L / (s•m²) (slope 2%). The erosion test simulates a water flow impact of 10m³ / h, and the mesh structure shows no deformation and a pore blockage rate of <5%.

[0050] The energy conversion layer of the composite structure drainage pipe adopts a nano-heterojunction structure; wherein, the nano-heterojunction structure adopts an alternating stacking of graphene and N-type doped silicon;

[0051] Nanostructured heterojunctions were prepared using the following method:

[0052] Multilayer graphene was grown on a silicon substrate using chemical vapor deposition, with 1-3 layers and a thickness of 0.34-1.02 nm. Phosphorus was doped using ion implantation to form an N-type silicon layer, with a carrier concentration of 1 × 10⁻⁶. 18 cm -3 ;Graphene and silicon layers are stacked layer by layer using van der Waals forces, with a total number of layers of Layers, with interlayer spacing of 0.5-0.8 nm.

[0053] Furthermore, a 5nm thick TiO2 passivation layer is coated on the graphene surface to reduce interface defects; amino functional groups are modified at the edges of the graphene to enhance the charge separation efficiency with the silicon layer.

[0054] To better utilize the nanoheterostructure, the nanoheterostructure is vacuum thermo-pressed: the middle energy conversion layer is placed in a vacuum chamber and a pressure of 10 MPa is applied; the temperature is raised to 200℃ to allow stable chemical bonding to form between the graphene and silicon layers; electrode connection: interdigitated electrodes (50 mm linewidth) are printed using silver paste. Spacing 200 Micron-scale flow channels are formed through laser etching to reduce contact resistance.

[0055] The energy capture mechanism involved in the aforementioned energy conversion layer is as follows:

[0056] Neutrino momentum transfer: Neutrino energy is received through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleon scattering (CEvNS); Cosmic muon ionization loss: Lattice vibrations are excited by depositing muon ionization energy; Electromagnetic wave absorption: Graphene plasmon resonance absorbs environmental electromagnetic waves such as 4G / 5G and Wi-Fi.

[0057] Among them, the vibration amplification effect increases the vibration amplitude by 120 times through interlayer coupling; the output power is 43.2W per day for a single 6m tube.

[0058] In this embodiment, the reinforced load-bearing layer of the composite structure drainage pipe is structurally designed as follows: 2mm galvanized steel wire is spirally wound with a pitch of 10cm and a winding angle of 55°. It is covered with a 2mm PVC coating to enhance its UV resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0059] With the above settings, the ring stiffness of the reinforced bearing layer is ≥45kN / m, and it can withstand radial pressure of 0.3-0.5MPa; finite element simulation shows that after being rolled by a 20t truck for 100,000 times, there is no plastic deformation.

[0060] The composite structure drainage pipe's filter protection layer adopts a gradient filtration design; the outer layer of the filter protection layer uses 80mm pores. The polyester nonwoven fabric can intercept particles larger than 2mm; the inner layer of the filter protective layer uses a pore size of 50. The polypropylene meltblown fabric can intercept suspended particles smaller than 2mm; it is bonded with hot melt adhesive to prevent siltation.

[0061] With the above settings, the filter protective layer showed no corrosion and a porosity change of <3% after 96 hours of salt spray test (3.5% NaCl solution); after 1000 hours of ultraviolet aging test (UVB 340nm), the tensile strength retention rate was ≥85%.

[0062] In this embodiment, the energy conversion module relies on a three-level conversion mechanism of particle-material interaction, vibration amplification, and charge separation. It uses multiple energy sources, such as neutrino momentum transfer, energy deposition from cosmic muon ionization loss, and environmental electromagnetic waves, to induce the superposition of lattice vibrations. The built-in electric field formed by silicon doping drives the vibration-excited electron-hole pairs to be transported in a directional manner, forming a continuous current output, thereby realizing the multi-energy synergistic capture and conversion of neutrinos, cosmic muons, and environmental electromagnetic waves.

[0063] The process involves exciting lattice vibrations using an environmental energy source and utilizing the built-in electric field formed in the energy conversion layer to drive the directional transport of the excited electron-hole pairs, thereby outputting current. Specifically, this includes:

[0064] Neutrinos interact with silicon nuclei in nanostructures through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleon scattering, transferring some momentum to the target nucleus and inducing initial lattice vibrations.

[0065] The energy deposited by the ionization loss of cosmic muons and the energy absorbed by environmental electromagnetic waves through graphene plasmon resonance are all converted into lattice vibrations, which are superimposed on the vibrations induced by neutrinos to enhance the amplitude.

[0066] The built-in electric field formed by doped silicon drives the directional transport of vibration-excited electron-hole pairs, ultimately resulting in a continuous current output.

[0067] Among them, neutrino energy reception: neutrino momentum is captured through the CEvNS effect, and the scattering cross section is determined by the silicon nucleus mass and the Fermi coupling constant; cosmic muon energy deposition: the muon ionization loss rate is calculated according to the Bethe-Bloch formula, and the silicon material parameters (Z / A=0.5, I=173 eV) affect the energy conversion efficiency; electromagnetic wave absorption: graphene plasmon resonance absorbs electromagnetic waves, and the absorption cross section is determined by the plasma frequency and the imaginary part of the dielectric function; low-frequency vibrations are amplified to high frequencies through interlayer coupling, and the built-in electric field of doped silicon (10) 4 -10 5(V / m) drives the directional movement of electron-hole pairs, forming a direct current.

[0068] A piezoelectric ceramic sheet (PZT-5H, size 5×5×1cm) is embedded in the outer PVC coating and connected in parallel with the energy conversion layer via a flexible circuit board, with an impedance matching coefficient ≥0.85; a graphene-magnetic particle composite coating (thickness 100nm) is coated and tuned to 2.4GHz (Wi-Fi band) via an LC resonant circuit, with an absorption efficiency >70%.

[0069] In this embodiment, the effective cross section for coherent elastic scattering of neutrinos with silicon nuclei determines the momentum transfer efficiency; the effective cross section for neutrino-nucleon scattering is determined according to the following formula:

[0070] ;

[0071] in, The effective cross section (cm²) for coherent elastic neutrino-nucleon scattering. Let be the Fermi coupling constant (GeV⁻²), taken as 1.166 × 10⁻⁶. -5 GeV -2 ; The silicon core mass (GeV / c²) is taken as 0.932 GeV / c². This refers to the neutrino energy (GeV), while the average energy of solar neutrinos is 0.1–10 MeV. The momentum transfer quantity (GeV / c); F(q²) is the nuclear shape factor, which describes the effect of nuclear structure on scattering. For silicon nuclei, F(q²) ≈ 0.9.

[0072] Cosmic muons transfer energy in nanostructures through ionization loss, driving electron-hole pair separation. The energy loss rate per unit distance is described by the Bethe-Bloch equation:

[0073] ;

[0074] ;

[0075] in, The energy loss rate per unit distance for muons (MeV / cm); It is a constant, taking the value 0.307. ; Z is the ratio of nuclear charge number to mass number of the material. For silicon, Z=14 and A=28, so Z / A=0.5; e is the electron charge (C), with a value of 1.602×10⁻⁶. -19 C; The vacuum permittivity (F / m) is 8.854 × 10⁻⁶. -12F / m; m is the electron mass (kg), with a value of 9.109 × 10⁻⁶. -31 c is the speed of light in a vacuum (m / s), with a value of 3 × 10⁻⁶. 8 ; The ratio of muon velocity to the speed of light (dimensionless), atmospheric muon. ≈0.99; Lorentz factor (dimensionless), atmospheric muon ≈20; The average excitation energy (eV) of silicon materials =173 eV.

[0076] After graphene plasmon resonance absorbs electromagnetic waves, it transfers energy to the silicon layer through van der Waals forces, inducing longitudinal optical phonon vibrations; the phonon energy transfer efficiency is determined according to the following formula:

[0077] ;

[0078] in, Phonon energy transfer efficiency (dimensionless) represents the electromagnetic energy absorbed by isopolarities in graphene and transferred to the silicon layer. The proportion of phonon transmission; Let m be the plasma absorption cross section, which describes the effective absorption area of ​​electromagnetic waves by isopolarons in graphene. Electromagnetic flux (W / m2) represents the electromagnetic energy passing through a unit area per unit time. The reduced Planck constant (J·s) is the fundamental constant in quantum mechanics that describes the quantization of energy in microscopic particles. It is the "reduced form" of the Planck constant and is used to correlate the energy and frequency of microscopic particles (such as the energy of phonons and photons). for Phonon frequency (Hz) describes the longitudinal optical phonons in the silicon layer. Phonons (a mode of collective vibration of atoms in a crystal) and the rate of their periodic vibration; Phonon number density (m -3 ), representing the volume per unit volume The number of phonons (describes the density of the distribution of microscopic particles in space).

[0079] The absorption cross section of electromagnetic waves by plasmon resonance on the graphene surface reflects the efficiency of electromagnetic wave energy conversion into lattice vibrations. The plasma absorption cross section is determined according to the following formula:

[0080] ;

[0081] in, The plasma absorption cross section (m2) is used. The plasma frequency is (rad / s). is the imaginary part of the dielectric function (dimensionless); It is the angular frequency of electromagnetic waves (rad / s).

[0082] External vibrations are amplified through interlayer coupling in the nanostructure heterostructure, and mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy using the piezoelectric and triboelectric effects. Based on the Hamiltonian mechanical model, and combining the interlayer shear modulus of graphene with the piezoelectric constant of silicon, the correlation formula between lattice vibration amplification and power output is established as follows:

[0083] ;

[0084] in, Output power (W). It is a proportionality constant (experimental fit). The amplitude is (m). The built-in electric field strength (V / m);

[0085] Energy capture efficiency is a core indicator for measuring the effectiveness of converting input energy into output energy. This indicator can quantify energy conversion performance, optimize system design, and establish a universal evaluation benchmark across principles and structures. Based on this, a multiple regression model is established for inner layer porosity, number of middle layer heterostructures, outer layer ring stiffness, and energy capture efficiency (η) and drainage efficiency.

[0086] ; ;

[0087] in, Energy capture efficiency (dimensionless). , is the experimental fitting constant (dimensionless); The inner layer porosity (dimensionless); The number of heterostructure layers in the middle layer (dimensionless); The outer ring stiffness (kN / m); For drainage efficiency (dimensionless); The inner pore diameter is in meters (m).

[0088] The output power of the energy conversion module is determined by the total energy flux, effective cross-section, conversion efficiency, and capture volume. The output power of the energy conversion module is determined according to the following formula:

[0089] ;

[0090] in, The output power of the energy conversion module (representing the electrical energy output per unit time) (W); The energy conversion efficiency of the nanoheterostructure (dimensionless). Total energy flux in the environment (W / m 2 ); Spatial location (m); Time (s); The effective cross section (m²) of the material for radiation of different energies E is a combination of the equivalent area of ​​the material’s interaction with radiation such as muons and electromagnetic waves, reflecting the magnitude of the interaction probability. The incident radiation particle energy (GeV); The effective capture volume (m³) of the energy conversion layer. ; The total effective energy flux density (W / m²) Let be the flux density (W / m²) of the i-th energy source. These represent neutrinos, cosmic muons, and environmental electromagnetic waves, respectively.

[0091] In this embodiment, the energy storage module adopts a parallel structure of lithium battery pack and supercapacitor to form a multi-level energy storage; wherein, the lithium battery pack consists of 16 18650 ternary lithium batteries (single cell capacity 2.6Ah, voltage 3.7V) connected in series (total voltage 59.2V); the supercapacitor consists of 8 groups of activated carbon-based double-layer capacitors (capacity 3000F, voltage 2.7V) connected in parallel.

[0092] In hybrid energy storage systems containing lithium-ion batteries (Li-ion) and supercapacitors (PSC), the core logic of lithium battery charge and discharge control is complementary characteristics and system-level optimization. By coordinating the charge and discharge behavior of the two types of energy storage devices, the goals of precise power matching, extended lifespan, improved energy efficiency, and stable power supply can be achieved.

[0093] The discharge power of lithium-ion batteries (PLi-ion) and supercapacitors (PSCs) is determined by weighting. Dynamic adjustment, the calculation formula is: ;

[0094] in, Total discharge power (W); The discharge weight of the lithium battery (dimensionless), 0≤ ≤1; Lithium battery power (W); The discharge power of the supercapacitor is expressed in W.

[0095] PID algorithm dynamically allocates charge and discharge weights ( =0.7 steady state, =0.3 transient), achieving precise power matching; in the PID algorithm parameters, the proportional coefficient Kp=0.8, integral time Ti=0.1s, derivative time Td=0.01s; power allocation threshold: =0.7 (steady-state condition). =0.3 (transient condition).

[0096] The monitoring and control module collects the output voltage and current of the energy conversion module, the flow rate and pressure of the drainage pipe, and parameters such as roadbed settlement and temperature in real time. It adjusts the charging and discharging state through a PID algorithm to ensure the balance of energy supply and demand, while ensuring the normal operation of drainage and load-bearing functions.

[0097] The monitoring and control module includes:

[0098] Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor: 5m spacing, monitors pipe deflection; MEMS accelerometer: ±5g range, collects vibration signal spectrum; temperature and pressure sensor: monitors roadbed environmental parameters in real time;

[0099] Edge computing gateway: Hardware: STM32F407 main control chip; Algorithm: LSTM neural network predicts energy demand and uploads it to the cloud via NB-IoT to achieve remote operation and maintenance; Control logic: PID algorithm is used to adjust the charging and discharging state of energy storage and ensure the priority of drainage function.

[0100] In this embodiment, the minimum burial depth of the composite structure drainage pipe is determined according to the following formula. :

[0101] ;

[0102] in, Minimum burial depth (m) for composite structure drainage pipes considering vehicle static load. The minimum embedment depth (m) required to prevent interface delamination and neutrino capture in nano-heterojunctions due to vibration;

[0103] Based on the theory of elastic foundation beams, considering the mechanical model of vehicle load diffusion through the pavement structure to the roadbed drainage pipe composite structure, we obtain: ; The value is the single axle load of the vehicle (kN), taken according to the highway grade. This is the load diffusion angle factor; Width of the bottom of the drain pipe (m); The allowable bearing capacity of the subgrade soil (kPa);

[0104] To prevent the nanostructured layer from peeling off due to vibration, then: ; The dominant frequency of vehicle vibration (Hz); The characteristic wavelength (m) of the scattered wave when a neutrino undergoes coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering with matter. ; is Planck's constant (J / s); Mass of silicon core (kg); The velocity of the neutrino (m / s) is approximated by the speed of light, which is 3 × 10⁻⁶ m / s. 8 m / s.

[0105] The environmental stability of the roadbed drainage pipe composite structure comprehensively supports the reliability and durability of the composite structure through material durability, structural integrity, and the benefits throughout the entire life cycle of the project.

[0106] The corrosion rate model is as follows: ;

[0107] in, The degree of material corrosion per unit time (mm / cdotpa) -1 ). The corrosion constant (dimensionless) is an intrinsic parameter related to the material's nature (composition, microstructure) and the core properties of the corrosive environment (medium type, pH). Activation energy (J / cdotpmol) -1 When a corrosion reaction occurs, the reactant molecules must overcome an energy barrier. The gas constant (J / cdotpmol) -1 K -1 ). Temperature (K).

[0108] Material life prediction: ;

[0109] in, This represents the total service time of the material under the coupling of multiple environmental factors. The time period (s) during which a single environmental factor (such as high humidity, specific concentration of corrosive medium, temperature cycling, etc.) acts solely on the material. Let be the lifespan (s) that a material can withstand when exposed to only the first environmental factor.

[0110] To better understand the all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system of the present invention, its construction and implementation process is further described as follows:

[0111] Construction steps include: (1) Excavation of foundation pit: lay out the line according to the design burial depth (hmin=2.17m) and use a static pile driver to reduce disturbance; (2) Pipeline laying: backfill with gravel in layers (particle size <20mm) and vibrate to compact ≥93%; (3) Wiring and commissioning: connect the energy storage module to the municipal power grid and conduct charge and discharge cycle tests (efficiency stabilizes after 3 charge and discharge cycles).

[0112] Among them, (1) Energy capture test: Tested in sunny, rainy and nighttime scenarios, the average daily power generation was 129.6Wh (2000 vehicles / day); of which, neutrinos contributed 62%, cosmic muons 25%, and electromagnetic waves 13%. (2) Durability test: Accelerated aging test (85℃ / 85%RH + 3.5%NaCl) for 500h, the energy conversion efficiency decreased by <8%; winter low temperature (-20℃) test, the nano-heterojunction layer showed no brittleness.

[0113] This invention embeds an energy conversion layer that captures natural multi-source environmental energy into the roadbed drainage pipe, forming an integrated composite structural system for drainage, load-bearing, and energy capture. The embedded design solves the space competition problem between energy devices and the roadbed structure, reduces the problem of single-function roadbed drainage pipes and redundant construction with power generation and storage systems, and improves the space utilization rate of the roadbed structure. Simultaneously, it enables 24 / 7, all-weather, geographically unrestricted, continuous energy capture, power generation, and energy storage, expanding the scope of integrated development of transportation and energy, and reducing highway maintenance and energy supply costs. Through multi-source energy coordination and intelligent regulation, it achieves energy self-sufficiency for road infrastructure, suitable for multi-source energy collection, storage, and supply scenarios on highways and urban roads, supporting the power needs of new transportation scenarios such as vehicle-road cooperation and autonomous driving.

[0114] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system based on a roadbed drainage pipe composite structure, characterized in that: It includes a composite structure drainage module, an energy conversion module, an energy storage module, and a monitoring and control module; The composite structure drainage module includes a composite structure drainage pipe; the composite structure drainage pipe includes, from the inside out, a water-permeable guiding layer, an energy conversion layer, a reinforced load-bearing layer, and a filter protection layer. The energy conversion module is used to excite lattice vibrations through an ambient energy source and use the built-in electric field formed in the energy conversion layer to drive the directional transport of the vibrating excited electron-hole pairs, thereby outputting current. The energy storage module is used to receive the current output by the energy conversion module and store the electrical energy corresponding to the current. The monitoring and control module is used to monitor the operating status of the drainage pipe and to meet the drainage function requirements by adjusting the charging and discharging status of the energy storage module.

2. The all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system based on a roadbed drainage pipe composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy conversion layer adopts a nano-heterojunction structure; Nanostructured heterojunctions were prepared using the following method: Multilayer graphene was grown on a silicon substrate using chemical vapor deposition; phosphorus was doped using ion implantation to form an N-type silicon layer; and graphene and silicon layers were stacked layer by layer using van der Waals forces, resulting in a total number of layers. layer.

3. The all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system based on a roadbed drainage pipe composite structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The graphene surface is coated with a TiO2 passivation layer; the graphene edges are modified with amino functional groups.

4. The all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system based on a roadbed drainage pipe composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter protection layer adopts a gradient filtration design; wherein, the outer layer of the filter protection layer has a pore size of The polyester nonwoven fabric, the inner layer of the filter protective layer uses a pore size of Polypropylene meltblown fabric; Greater than .

5. The all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system based on a roadbed drainage pipe composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process involves exciting lattice vibrations using an environmental energy source and utilizing the built-in electric field formed in the energy conversion layer to drive the directional transport of the excited electron-hole pairs, thereby outputting current. Specifically, this includes: Neutrinos interact with silicon nuclei in nanostructures through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleon scattering, transferring some momentum to the target nucleus and inducing initial lattice vibrations. The energy deposited by the ionization loss of cosmic muons and the energy absorbed by environmental electromagnetic waves through graphene plasmon resonance are all converted into lattice vibrations, which are superimposed on the vibrations induced by neutrinos to enhance the amplitude. The built-in electric field formed by doped silicon drives the directional transport of vibration-excited electron-hole pairs, ultimately resulting in a continuous current output.

6. The all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system based on a roadbed drainage pipe composite structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The effective cross section for coherent elastic scattering of neutrinos with silicon nuclei determines the momentum transfer efficiency; The effective cross section for neutrino-nucleon scattering is determined using the following formula: ； in, The effective cross section for coherent elastic neutrino-nucleon scattering; The Fermi coupling constant is denoted as . For silicon core quality; Neutrino energy; This is the amount of momentum transferred; is the nuclear shape factor, which describes the effect of nuclear structure on scattering.

7. The all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system based on a roadbed drainage pipe composite structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the graphene plasmon resonance absorbs electromagnetic waves, it transfers energy to the silicon layer through van der Waals forces, triggering longitudinal optical phonon vibrations. The phonon energy transfer efficiency is determined by the following formula: ； in, Phonon energy transfer efficiency; The plasma absorption cross section describes the effective absorption area of ​​electromagnetic waves by isopolarons in graphene. Electromagnetic flux is the electromagnetic energy that passes through a unit area per unit time. To reduce Planck's constant; for Phonon frequency; Let be the phonon number density.

8. The all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system based on a roadbed drainage pipe composite structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plasma absorption cross section is determined using the following formula: ； in, It is the plasma absorption cross section; The plasma frequency; This is the imaginary part of the dielectric function; It is the angular frequency of the electromagnetic wave.

9. The all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system based on a roadbed drainage pipe composite structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The output power of the energy conversion module is determined according to the following formula: ； in, This refers to the output power of the energy conversion module; The energy conversion efficiency of the nanoheterostructure; The total energy flux in the environment; Spatial location; For time; The effective cross section of the material for radiation of different energies E; The energy of the incident radiation particle; The effective capture volume of the energy conversion layer.

10. The all-weather multi-source environmental energy capture system based on a roadbed drainage pipe composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum burial depth of the composite structure drainage pipe is determined according to the following formula. : ； in, Minimum burial depth for composite structure drainage pipes considering vehicle static load; The minimum embedment depth required to prevent interface delamination and neutrino capture in nanoheterojunctions due to vibration; ; For single-axle loads of the vehicle; This is the load diffusion angle coefficient; This refers to the width of the bottom of the drain pipe; The allowable bearing capacity of the subgrade soil; ; The dominant frequency of vehicle vibration; The characteristic wavelength of the scattered wave when neutrinos undergo coherent elastic neutrino-nuclear scattering with matter; ; It is Planck's constant; For silicon core quality; This represents the neutrino velocity.

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