A communication method, apparatus, storage medium, and program product

Abstract

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a communication method, device, storage medium and program product, relates to the technical field of communication, and can reduce the transmission delay and network resource consumption of end-to-end data transmission. The method is applied to a base station and includes the following steps: a first request message is sent to a first terminal, the first request message is used for requesting configuration of a session; wherein the session is used for forwarding service data between the first terminal and a second terminal without passing through a core network; and a first response message sent by the first terminal is received, the first response message is used for responding to the first request message.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, apparatus, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] In modern wireless communication systems, end-to-end data transmission is one of the core mechanisms for data transmission between user equipment (UEs). During end-to-end data transmission, the data transmitted between two UEs must pass through multiple network element nodes, including the base station, and user plane functions (UPFs) and other components in the core network, resulting in significant transmission delays and network resource consumption. The base station can also be referred to as the radio access network (RAN).

[0003] Reducing the transmission latency and network resource consumption of end-to-end data transmission has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a communication method, apparatus, storage medium, and program product that can reduce transmission latency and network resource consumption in end-to-end data transmission.

[0005] On the one hand, a communication method is provided, which is applied to a base station, comprising: sending a first request message to a first terminal, the first request message being used to request the configuration of a session; wherein the session is used to forward service data between the first terminal and a second terminal without going through the core network; and receiving a first response message sent by the first terminal, the first response message being used to respond to the first request message.

[0006] In another aspect, a communication method is provided, which is applied to a terminal, comprising: receiving a first request message sent by a base station, the first request message being used to request the configuration of a session; wherein the session is used by the base station to forward service data between the terminal and another terminal without going through the core network; and sending a first response message to the base station, the first response message being used to respond to the first request message.

[0007] In another aspect, a communication system is provided, comprising: a first terminal, a base station, and a second terminal; the first terminal comprising: a first data proxy unit and a first transmission protocol unit; the base station comprising: a second data proxy unit and a second transmission protocol unit; and the second terminal comprising: a third data proxy unit and a third transmission protocol unit; wherein the first data proxy unit is connected to the first transmission protocol unit, the first transmission protocol unit is connected to the second transmission protocol unit, the second transmission protocol unit is connected to the second data proxy unit, the second transmission protocol unit is connected to the third transmission protocol unit, and the third transmission protocol unit is connected to the third data proxy unit.

[0008] In another aspect, a communication device is provided for use in a base station. The device includes: a data proxy unit and a transmission protocol unit; the data proxy unit is connected to the transmission protocol unit through a first interface; and the transmission protocol unit is connected to the transmission protocol unit included in a terminal through a second interface.

[0009] In another aspect, a communication device is provided for use in a terminal, the device comprising: a data proxy unit and a transmission protocol unit; the data proxy unit is connected to the transmission protocol unit via a third interface; the transmission protocol unit is connected to the transmission protocol unit included in a base station via a second interface.

[0010] On another front, a communication device is provided, applied to a base station, comprising: a transmitting module and a receiving module. The transmitting module is configured to send a first request message to a first terminal, the first request message being used to request the configuration of a session; wherein the session is used to forward service data between the first terminal and a second terminal without passing through a core network. The receiving module is configured to receive a first response message sent by the first terminal, the first response message being used to respond to the first request message.

[0011] On another front, a communication device is provided for use in a terminal. The device includes a receiving module and a transmitting module. The receiving module is configured to receive a first request message sent by a base station, the first request message being used to request the configuration of a session; wherein the session is used by the base station to forward service data between the terminal and another terminal without going through the core network. The transmitting module is configured to send a first response message to the base station, the first response message being used to respond to the first request message.

[0012] In another aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a memory and a processor. The memory and the processor are coupled. The memory is used to store a computer program. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the communication method of any of the above embodiments.

[0013] In another aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer program instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the communication method of any of the above embodiments.

[0014] In another aspect, a computer program product is provided, which includes computer program instructions that, when executed, implement the communication method of any of the above embodiments.

[0015] This disclosure discloses a method where a base station sends a first request message to a first terminal. The first request message requests the configuration of a session, which is used to forward service data between the first and second terminals without traversing the core network. That is, the more devices the service data passes through during forwarding, the greater the transmission latency and network resource consumption. This disclosure enables the base station to directly forward service data between the first and second terminals via a session, without going through the core network. This reduces the transmission latency and network resource consumption of end-to-end data transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in some embodiments of this disclosure will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a communication system provided for some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another communication system provided for some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another communication system provided for some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0021] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0022] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0023] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0024] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0025] Figure 9A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0026] Figure 10 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0027] Figure 11 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0028] Figure 12 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0029] Figure 13 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0030] Figure 14 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0031] Figure 15 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0032] Figure 16 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0033] Figure 17 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0034] Figure 18 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0035] Figure 19 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0036] Figure 20 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0037] Figure 21 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0038] Figure 22 A schematic diagram illustrating the process of establishing a control plane-based data service session and transmitting data, provided for some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0039] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a process for establishing a user plane-based data service session and transmitting data, provided for some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0040] Figure 24This is a schematic diagram illustrating another user-plane-based data service session establishment and data transmission process provided for some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0041] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration and response process for a cross-base station direct forwarding data service session, provided for some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0042] Figure 26 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 1 ;

[0043] Figure 27 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 2 ;

[0044] Figure 28 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 3 ;

[0045] Figure 29 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 4 ;

[0046] Figure 30 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 5 . Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of this disclosure will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this disclosure, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this disclosure should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0049] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0050] In the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more.

[0051] In modern wireless mobile communication systems, end-to-end data transmission is one of the core mechanisms connecting various terminals. It begins with the encapsulation of data packets at the source terminal (also known as the originating terminal) and ends with data reception at the destination terminal (also known as the target terminal). This process involves multiple protocol stacks and the collaboration of network elements such as base stations and core networks. Specifically, after passing through the application layer of the source terminal, the data is passed to the transport layer for segmentation and the addition of transport layer header information. Subsequently, it is encapsulated into IP packets at the Internet Protocol (IP) layer, with key metadata such as the destination address attached. Further, the data link layer (also known as Layer 2) encapsulates the IP packets into Media Access Control (MAC) frames or 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) air interface protocol packets. Finally, it is converted into a signal form suitable for wireless propagation (i.e., a wireless signal) through modulation techniques at the physical layer (also known as Layer 1 or 3GPP air interface physical layer standard).

[0052] As the access node for end-to-end data transmission, the base station is responsible for demodulation, packet header identification, and unpacking after receiving wireless signals. On the network side, data may need to be further routed and forwarded through the core network. Equipment within the core network performs packet classification and policy application, including the implementation of Quality of Service (QoS) and security policies, and ultimately routes and forwards data packets to the network element node where the destination terminal is located.

[0053] The data reception process at the destination terminal encompasses the entire process from signal reception at the physical layer to data processing at the application layer. The physical layer demodulates the received wireless signal and transmits it to the data link layer. The data link layer performs deframing and removes the MAC header to pass IP packets to the upper layers. The IP layer checks the IP header information and passes it to the transport layer. The transport layer reassembles the segmented data and submits the original data to the application layer for processing to complete end-to-end data transmission.

[0054] While end-to-end data transmission mechanisms excel in ensuring data integrity and security, they exhibit inefficiencies and increased data transmission latency in complex network environments and with high-density terminals. Specifically, data transmitted between two terminals (source and destination) must traverse multiple network element nodes and components, leading to higher end-to-end transmission latency and increased network resource consumption.

[0055] Besides end-to-end data transmission mechanisms, related technologies can also provide an optimized data transmission path under specific conditions through direct device-to-device (D2D) communication (also known as point-to-point data transmission). In D2D mode, two terminals connected to the same base station can directly exchange data using the radio resources allocated by the base station. This mechanism eliminates the relay forwarding process of network elements such as UPFs in the core network, thereby significantly reducing end-to-end transmission latency and improving transmission efficiency. D2D provides a low-latency, high-bandwidth data exchange path, demonstrating advantages in environments with dense terminal concentrations or specific geographical constraints.

[0056] However, D2D mode also faces multiple challenges and limitations. First, there's the issue of resource allocation. In densely populated areas, efficiently managing limited spectrum resources to avoid interference becomes a major challenge. Furthermore, security and privacy protection are also crucial issues. Because D2D communication bypasses traditional core network security mechanisms, it may be more vulnerable to external attacks and data breaches. Finally, the effectiveness of D2D mode largely depends on the physical location of the terminals and environmental conditions; physical layer factors such as signal obstruction and multipath effects can significantly impact communication quality.

[0057] Furthermore, with the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, it is possible to embed intrinsic intelligence into base stations, enabling them to autonomously analyze network conditions, match user traffic patterns, and make optimal forwarding path selections locally.

[0058] In summary, the current end-to-end data transmission process between two terminals requires routing and relaying through the core network's UPF elements, potentially leading to high end-to-end transmission latency and wasted bandwidth resources. There is an urgent need to design a more intelligent and flexible data transmission mechanism between the two terminals using AI technology to reduce transmission latency and network resource consumption in end-to-end data transmission.

[0059] This disclosure provides a communication method that introduces intelligent capabilities into a base station. The base station can establish an artificial intelligence (AI) mapping model by analyzing the correlation between the traffic characteristics of past data packets from a specific source terminal and their destination IP address (i.e., the IP address of the destination terminal). This AI mapping model can learn from historical communication patterns and predict the destination IP address of future data packets. Based on this predictive capability, the base station can accurately identify and pair terminal pairs (i.e., source and destination terminals) that can directly forward service data, and flexibly decide whether to enable base station local routing forwarding of data paths without core network processing based on real-time network conditions. Thus, under the authorization of the core network, the base station is allowed to establish a data service session based on a new data plane to enable base station local routing forwarding mode. In the base station direct routing forwarding mode, the base station becomes a direct bridge between the source and destination terminals, responsible for the routing and direct forwarding of service data transmitted between them, without passing through UPF network elements in the core network. This allows the base station to significantly reduce end-to-end transmission latency between the two terminals and improve network availability and interference resistance.

[0060] For example, such as Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. The communication system may include: a first terminal 101, a base station 102, and a second terminal 103.

[0061] The first terminal 101 and the second terminal 103 are connected to the base station 102.

[0062] Base station 102 is used to send a first request message to first terminal 101 and a second request message to second terminal 101 to request session configuration. Further, base station 102 is used to receive service data sent by first terminal 101 based on the configured session and forward the service data to second terminal 103. Similarly, base station 102 is used to receive service data sent by second terminal 103 based on the configured session and forward the service data to first terminal 101, thereby enabling base station 102 to forward service data between first terminal 101 and second terminal 103 without going through the core network.

[0063] For example, such as Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic of another communication system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. The communication system may include: a first terminal 201, a first base station 202, a second base station 203, and a second terminal 204.

[0064] The first terminal 201 is connected to the first base station 202. The first base station 202 is connected to the second base station 203. The second base station 203 is connected to the second terminal 204.

[0065] The first base station 202 is used to send a first request message to the first terminal 201 and a seventh request message to the second base station 203 to trigger the second base station 203 to send a second request message to the second terminal 204, in order to request session configuration. Similarly, the second base station 203 is used to send a second request message to the second terminal 204 and a seventh request message to the first base station 202 to trigger the first base station 202 to send a second request message to the first terminal 201, in order to request session configuration.

[0066] Furthermore, the first base station 202 is configured to receive service data sent by the first terminal 201 based on a configured session, and forward the service data to the second base station 203 based on the session, and the second base station 203 forwards the service data to the second terminal 204 based on the session. Similarly, the second base station 203 is configured to receive service data sent by the second terminal 204 based on a configured session, and forward the service data to the first base station 202 based on the session, and the first base station 202 forwards the service data to the first terminal 201 based on the session, so as to realize that the first base station 202 and the second base station 203 can forward service data between the first terminal 201 and the second terminal 204 without going through the core network.

[0067] For example, such as Figure 3 The diagram illustrates another communication system provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure. This communication system may include: a first terminal 301, a base station 302, and a second terminal 303. The first terminal 301 includes: a first data proxy unit 3011 and a first transmission protocol unit 3012. The base station 302 includes: a second data proxy unit 3021 and a second transmission protocol unit 3022. The second terminal 303 includes: a third data proxy unit 3031 and a third transmission protocol unit 3032.

[0068] The first data proxy unit 3011 is connected to the first transmission protocol unit 3012, the first transmission protocol unit 3012 is connected to the second transmission protocol unit 3022, the second transmission protocol unit 3022 is connected to the second data proxy unit 3021, the second transmission protocol unit 3022 is connected to the third transmission protocol unit 3032, and the third transmission protocol unit 3032 is connected to the third data proxy unit 3031.

[0069] In some embodiments, the data agent (DA) unit may include a data agent control unit (DA-C) and a data agent execution unit (DA-E). Here, DA represents a new logical node or functional entity that supports data services and direct forwarding data service sessions (i.e., sessions in this disclosure). DA-C is the control part of the DA, used to control / coordinate direct forwarding data service sessions. DA-E is the execution part of the DA, used to execute / process direct forwarding data service sessions.

[0070] In some embodiments, the transport protocol unit may be a network layer unit, a data link layer unit, or a physical layer unit. The network layer unit may also be referred to as a radio resource control (RRC) entity or RRC. The data link layer unit may also be referred to as an L2 entity or L2. The physical layer unit may also be referred to as an L1 entity or L1.

[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the base station 302 also includes a centralization unit 3023; the centralization unit 3023 is connected to the second transmission protocol unit 3022.

[0072] In some embodiments, when the transport protocol unit is a network layer unit, the central unit 3023 is the central unit-user plane (CU-UP). When the transport protocol unit is a data link layer unit or a physical layer unit, the central unit 3023 is the central unit-control plane (CU-CP).

[0073] In some embodiments, the first data proxy unit 3011, the second data proxy unit 3021, and the third data proxy unit 3031 are used to collaboratively configure a session. This session is used to forward service data between the first terminal 301 and the second terminal 303 without going through the core network.

[0074] For details on how each unit coordinates and configures the session, please refer to the description of the method-side embodiment; it will not be repeated here.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first data proxy unit 3011, the first transmission protocol unit 3012, the second data proxy unit 3021, the second transmission protocol unit 3022, the third data proxy unit 3031, the third transmission protocol unit 3033, and the centralization unit 3023 are used to coordinate the forwarding of service data between the first terminal 301 and the second terminal 301 through a session.

[0076] For details on how each unit collaborates to forward service data between the first terminal 301 and the second terminal 303 via a session, please refer to the description of the method-side embodiment; it will not be repeated here.

[0077] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this disclosure, the terminal can be a device with wireless transceiver capabilities. The terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, virtual reality (VR) terminal, augmented reality (AR) terminal, wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical care, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, etc. The embodiments of this disclosure do not limit the application scenarios. The terminal may also be referred to as a user, user equipment, A-IoT device, access terminal, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, transmitter, remote terminal, mobile device, UE terminal, wireless communication device, UE agent, or UE device, etc., and the embodiments of this disclosure do not limit this to these terms.

[0078] Base stations can be base stations in Long Term Evolution (LTE), Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTEA), or Evolutionary Node Bs (eNBs or eNodeBs), base station equipment (gNBs) in 5G networks, or base stations in future communication systems. Base stations can include various macro base stations, micro base stations, femtocell base stations, wireless remote extensions, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), routers, relay stations, transmission and reception points (TRPs), receivers, access points, wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) devices, and other network-side equipment. Base stations can sometimes be referred to as readers / writers used for communication with terminals; however, this disclosure does not limit this terminology.

[0079] It should be noted that, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3This is just an example framework diagram. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The number of devices included and the names of each device are unlimited. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The core network also includes core network elements. Core network elements can be network functions (NFs) in the core network. For example, core network elements such as access and mobility management function (AMF), session management function (SMF), policy control function (PCF), and UPF are not limited to these in this disclosure.

[0080] The application scenarios of the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited. The system architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this disclosure are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0081] Figure 4 A flowchart of a communication method is shown, such as... Figure 4 As shown, this communication method is applied to a base station, including S401-S402:

[0082] S401, Send a first request message to the first terminal.

[0083] S402, Receive the first response message sent by the first terminal.

[0084] The session is used to forward service data between the first terminal and the second terminal without going through the core network, and the first response message is used to respond to the first request message.

[0085] In some embodiments, the session can be a direct forwarding data service session, and the method of data forwarding based on this session can be called the base station direct forwarding method. New data plane-related logical functions, i.e., the data proxy unit in this disclosure, can be pre-introduced into the network element nodes or entities involved in the direct forwarding data service session. The network element nodes involved in the direct forwarding data service session can include a source node (also referred to as a source terminal, etc.), an intermediate / relay node (i.e., the base station in this disclosure), or a target node (also referred to as a target terminal, destination terminal, etc.). The source node is the node that needs to send service data to the target node. When the first terminal is the source node, the second terminal is the target node. Similarly, when the second terminal is the source node, the first terminal is the target node.

[0086] In some embodiments, the DA-C of the base station can predict in real time whether the first terminal and the second terminal are a frequently communicating terminal pair, that is, whether there is a need for the first terminal and the second terminal to establish a direct forwarding data service session. When there is a need for the first terminal and the second terminal to establish a direct forwarding data service session, it requests authorization from the core network.

[0087] Under the direct forwarding permission authorization of the core network (i.e., allowing the base station to directly forward data sent by the first terminal to the second terminal), the base station's DA-C and the first terminal can establish a direct forwarding data service session by processing and forwarding the corresponding data service session configuration request message (i.e., the first request message in this disclosure) through the RRC entity or directly through L2 / L1.

[0088] In some embodiments, if the DA-C of the base station is connected to the RRC entity, the DA-C of the base station can send a data service session configuration request message to the first terminal through the RRC procedure. Further, the DA-C of the first terminal returns a corresponding data service session configuration response message (i.e., the first response message in this disclosure) to the base station through the RRC procedure. The specific process of control plane session configuration based on directly forwarding data service sessions can be referred to in Embodiment 1 below, and will not be repeated here.

[0089] In some embodiments, if the base station's DA-C is directly connected to an L2 / L1 entity, the base station's DA-C can directly send a data service session configuration request message to the first terminal's DA-C via L2 (i.e., the data link layer unit in this disclosure) / L1 (i.e., the physical layer unit in this disclosure). Further, the first terminal's DA-C directly returns a data service session configuration response message to the base station via L2 / L1. The specific process for user plane session configuration based on directly forwarding data service sessions can be referred to in Embodiment 2 below, and will not be repeated here.

[0090] Using the above methods, a direct forwarding data service session can be established between the first terminal and the base station, making it convenient for the base station to receive service data sent by the first terminal through this session.

[0091] In some embodiments, during the direct forwarding process of base stations for specific data, the DA-C of the base station can continue to intelligently maintain, manage, and monitor the directly forwarded data. The specific data can also be referred to as the directly forwarded data, i.e., the service data of the first terminal in this disclosure.

[0092] The base station's DA-C can target the same terminal pair (also known as source-destination paired terminals) and intelligently build, maintain, and manage multiple direct forwarding data service sessions simultaneously. The base station's DA-C can also target different terminal pairs and intelligently build, maintain, and manage multiple direct forwarding data service sessions simultaneously. A single terminal can simultaneously support forming different terminal pairs with multiple different terminals, establishing multiple direct forwarding data service sessions. This disclosure does not limit the number of direct forwarding data service sessions.

[0093] In some embodiments, a single terminal can simultaneously support both user plane indirect forwarding mode and data plane direct forwarding mode. That is, for a single terminal, data forwarding can be performed simultaneously based on both traditional forwarding methods (i.e., relay forwarding mode via the core network's UPF, which requires forwarding the terminal's service data after passing through the core network) and base station direct forwarding methods.

[0094] In some embodiments, direct forwarding data service sessions can be used to transmit service data of different data types. These sessions can be shared by different data types, or they can be customized and maintained separately for each data type. Data types can include structured data, semi-structured data, text data, or numerical data, etc.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first request message includes at least one of the following: session identifier of the session, data type of service data, identifier of the first terminal, identifier of the second terminal, base station identifier of the base station, session type of the session, required quality of service parameters, security information, estimated session duration of the session, and session validity period of the session (which may also be referred to as validity period).

[0096] The first response message includes at least one of the following: session identifier, data type, identifier of the first terminal, identifier of the second terminal, base station identifier, session type, indication of whether the configuration was successful, explanation of configuration failure, and resource allocation information.

[0097] In some embodiments, the identifier can be a unique identity document (ID). The session type can be control plane or user plane. The required quality of service (QoS) parameter can be a quality of service (QoS) requirement. The data type of the business data can be structured data, semi-structured data, text data, or numerical data, etc. Security information may include the identifier of the encryption algorithm, the key, integrity protection mechanism information, etc. The first request message may also include other session-related information. This disclosure does not limit the information included in the first request message.

[0098] In other words, the first terminal can establish a direct forwarding data service session between itself and the base station based on the information included in the first request message, so that the base station can receive the service data sent by the first terminal through the direct forwarding data service session.

[0099] In some embodiments, the indication information for successful configuration can be a status code. For example, a status code of 1 indicates successful configuration, and a status code of 0 indicates configuration failure. The description of a configuration failure can be a detailed description of the error that occurred. For example, unstable network connection, firewall restrictions, database errors, or inability to connect to the database. Resource allocation information can include allocated bandwidth parameters, etc. The first response message may also include other configuration-related information. This disclosure does not limit the information included in the first response message.

[0100] In other words, the base station can determine whether the direct forwarding data service session between the first terminal and the base station has been successfully configured based on the information included in the first response message.

[0101] The first terminal and the second terminal may be connected to the same base station. When the first terminal and the second terminal are connected to the same base station (i.e., the same base station), the transmission process of the corresponding messages and service data can be referred to the following embodiment.

[0102] Figure 5 A flowchart of another communication method is shown, in which the base station serves as the base station for both the first and second terminals. Figure 5 As shown, the method also includes S501-S502:

[0103] S501, Send a second request message to the second terminal.

[0104] S502, Receive the second response message sent by the second terminal.

[0105] The second request message is used to request a configuration session, and the second response message is used to respond to the second request message.

[0106] In some embodiments, under the direct forwarding authority authorization of the core network, the DA-C of the base station and the second terminal can establish a direct forwarding data service session by processing and forwarding the corresponding data service session configuration request message (i.e., the second request message in this disclosure) through the RRC entity or directly through L2 / L1.

[0107] In some embodiments, if the DA-C of the base station is connected to the RRC entity, the DA-C of the base station can send a data service session configuration request message to the second terminal through the RRC procedure. Further, the DA-C of the second terminal returns a corresponding data service session configuration response message (i.e., the second response message in this disclosure) to the base station through the RRC procedure. The specific process of control plane session configuration based on directly forwarding data service sessions can be referred to in Embodiment 1 below, and will not be repeated here.

[0108] In some embodiments, if the base station's DA-C is directly connected to an L2 / L1 entity, the base station's DA-C can directly send a data service session configuration request message to the second terminal's DA-C via L2 / L1. Furthermore, the second terminal's DA-C directly returns a data service session configuration response message to the base station via L2 / L1. The specific process for user plane session configuration based on directly forwarding data service sessions can be found in Embodiment 2 below, and will not be elaborated here.

[0109] In other words, the base station's DA-C can collaboratively establish a direct forwarding data service session with the DA-C of the first terminal and the DA-C of the second terminal. In this way, the base station can receive service data from the first terminal and transmit service data to the second terminal based on the direct forwarding data service session. The service data does not need to pass through the core network, thereby reducing transmission latency and network resources for end-to-end data transmission.

[0110] In some embodiments, the second request message includes at least one of the following: session identifier of the session, data type of service data, identifier of the first terminal, identifier of the second terminal, base station identifier of the serving base station of the second terminal, session type of the session, required quality of service parameters, security information, estimated session duration of the session, and session validity duration of the session.

[0111] The second response message includes at least one of the following: session identifier, data type, identifier of the first terminal, identifier of the second terminal, base station identifier of the serving base station of the second terminal, session type, indication information of whether the configuration was successful, explanation of configuration failure, and resource allocation information.

[0112] In some embodiments, the information included in the second request message may be the same as that included in the first request message. A description of the second request message can be found in the description of the first request message in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Similarly, the information included in the second response message may be the same as that included in the first response message. A description of the second response message can be found in the description of the first response message in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0113] In some embodiments, when a direct forwarding data service session is configured and functioning normally, the base station's DA-C can, as needed, choose to suspend or terminate the direct forwarding data service session to perform data forwarding based on the existing UPF-based relay forwarding mode in the core network. The base station's DA-C can also, as needed, choose to activate or resume the direct forwarding data service session to continue data forwarding based on the direct forwarding data service session. For details on suspending or terminating, and activating or resuming, the direct forwarding data service session, please refer to the following embodiments.

[0114] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating another communication method is shown, such as... Figure 6 As shown, after step S502 above, the method further includes S601-S602:

[0115] S601, Send a third request message to the first terminal and a fourth request message to the second terminal.

[0116] S602, Receive the third response message sent by the first terminal and receive the fourth response message sent by the second terminal.

[0117] The third request message or the fourth request message is used to request the suspension or termination of the session, the third response message is used to respond to the third request message, and the fourth response message is used to respond to the fourth request message.

[0118] In some embodiments, the base station may send data service session suspension / termination messages (i.e., the third request message and the fourth request message in this disclosure) to the first terminal and the second terminal respectively, and receive data service session suspension / termination confirmation messages (i.e., the third response message and the fourth response message in this disclosure) sent by the first terminal and the second terminal respectively. The data service session suspension / termination confirmation message may indicate whether the first terminal and the second terminal agree to suspend or terminate the session. In this way, the base station can decide whether to release the session.

[0119] In some embodiments, the third request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the serving base station of the first terminal, the session identifier of the session, and a description of the reason for suspension or termination.

[0120] The fourth request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the serving base station of the second terminal, the session identifier of the session, and a statement of the reason for suspension or termination.

[0121] The third or fourth response message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the session identifier, and an indication of whether to suspend or terminate the session (i.e., the session status code indicating whether to suspend or terminate the session).

[0122] In some embodiments, the reason for suspension or termination may be network congestion, exceeding time / traffic limits, security issues, etc.

[0123] For example, a session status code of 11 indicates that the first session is paused; a session status code of 10 indicates that the session is not paused; a session status code of 21 indicates that the session is terminated; and a session status code of 20 indicates that the session is not terminated.

[0124] In other words, the DA-C of the base station can suspend or terminate the direct forwarding data service session between the base station and the first terminal through interaction with the first terminal. Similarly, the DA-C of the base station can suspend or terminate the direct forwarding data service session between the base station and the second terminal through interaction with the second terminal. In this way, data forwarding will fall back to the relay forwarding mode based on the UPF of the core network, which improves the flexibility of the base station and the terminal in selecting the forwarding mode.

[0125] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating another communication method is shown, such as... Figure 7 As shown, after step S502 above, the method further includes S701-S702:

[0126] S701, Send a fifth request message to the first terminal and a sixth request message to the second terminal.

[0127] S702, Receive the fifth response message sent by the first terminal and receive the sixth response message sent by the second terminal.

[0128] The fifth or sixth request message is used to request activation or resumption of the session, the fifth response message is used to respond to the fifth request message, and the sixth response message is used to respond to the sixth request message.

[0129] In some embodiments, the base station may send data service session activation / restore messages (i.e., the fifth request message and the sixth request message in this disclosure) to the first terminal and the second terminal respectively, and receive data service session activation / restore confirmation messages (i.e., the fifth response message and the sixth response message in this disclosure) sent by the first terminal and the second terminal respectively. The data service session suspension / termination confirmation message may indicate whether the first terminal and the second terminal agree to activate or restore the session. In this way, the base station can decide whether to activate or restore the session.

[0130] In some embodiments, the fifth request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the serving base station of the first terminal, the session identifier of the session, and the resources to be adjusted.

[0131] The sixth request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the serving base station of the second terminal, the session identifier of the session, and the resources to be adjusted.

[0132] The fifth or sixth response message includes at least one of the following: a session identifier, and an indication of whether the session is ready (i.e., a session status code indicating whether the session is ready).

[0133] For example, a session status code of 11 indicates that the session is ready to be activated; a session status code of 10 indicates that the session is not ready to be activated; a session status code of 21 indicates that the session is ready to be resumed; and a session status code of 20 indicates that the session is not ready to be resumed.

[0134] In other words, the base station's DA-C can activate or restore the direct forwarding data service session between the base station and the first terminal through interaction with the first terminal, and the base station's DA-C can activate or restore the direct forwarding data service session between the base station and the second terminal through interaction with the second terminal. In this way, data forwarding will be restored to the mode of direct forwarding by the base station, which improves the flexibility of the base station and the terminal in selecting the forwarding mode.

[0135] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating another communication method is shown, such as... Figure 8 As shown, after step S502 above, the method further includes S801 or S802:

[0136] S801: Based on the session, receive service data sent by the first terminal and forward the service data to the second terminal.

[0137] S802: Based on the session, receive service data sent by the second terminal and forward the service data to the first terminal.

[0138] In some embodiments, after a direct forwarding data service session is established, service data sent from the first terminal to the second terminal can be transmitted using a session type based on either the user plane or the control plane. Similarly, service data sent from the second terminal to the first terminal can also be transmitted using a session type based on either the user plane or the control plane. The user plane primarily transmits data packet messages, while the control plane primarily transmits signaling messages.

[0139] For control plane-based session types, the base station's DA-E is either an independent network function or a new base station protocol layer directly connected to the CU-CP. The terminal's DA-E is connected to the terminal's RRC entity (i.e., the network layer unit in this disclosure). When the first terminal sends service data to the second terminal, after the first terminal's service data is sent to the base station based on a direct forwarding data service session, the base station's CU-CP forwards it to the second terminal via an RRC process based on the second session. The specific process of control plane data transmission based on the direct forwarding data service session can be referred to in the following embodiment one, and will not be repeated here.

[0140] For user plane session-based schemes, the base station's DA-E is either an independent network function or a new base station protocol layer directly connected to the CU-UP. The terminal's DA-E is connected to the terminal's L2 / L1 entity. When the first terminal sends service data to the second terminal, the service data from the first terminal is sent to the base station based on a direct forwarding data service session. Then, the base station's CU-CP, based on the direct forwarding data service session, forwards the data to the second terminal via the CU-UP. The specific process of user plane data transmission based on the direct forwarding data service session can be found in the following embodiment two, and will not be elaborated here.

[0141] In some embodiments, the base stations connected to the first terminal and the second terminal may be different. In the case where the base stations connected to the first terminal and the second terminal are different (i.e., in the case of cross-base station connection), the transmission process of the corresponding messages and service data can be referred to the following embodiments.

[0142] Figure 9 This diagram illustrates another communication method, where the base station serves as the base station for the first terminal, and other base stations besides the base station serve as the base stations for the second terminal, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the method also includes S901-S902:

[0143] S901, Send the seventh request message to other base stations.

[0144] S902, Receive the seventh response message sent by other base stations.

[0145] The second request message is used to request a configuration session, the seventh request message is used to trigger other base stations to send a second request message to the second terminal, and the seventh response message is sent by other base stations in response to the second response message received from the second terminal. The second response message is used to respond to the second request message, and the seventh response message is used to respond to the seventh request message.

[0146] In some embodiments, when the first terminal and the second terminal are connected to different base stations, while the base station to which the first terminal is connected (i.e., the serving base station of the first terminal in this disclosure) sends a data service session configuration request message to the first terminal, the first base station can also send a corresponding data service session configuration request message (i.e., the seventh request message in this disclosure) to the base station to which the second terminal is connected (i.e., other base stations in this disclosure) via an Xn interface or other means. The second base station can process this message, determine that data service session configuration is required, generate a corresponding data service session configuration request message (i.e., the second request message in this disclosure) based on the message, and send the data service session configuration request message to the second terminal. In this way, data service session configuration can be implemented in the case of cross-base station connections.

[0147] When the first terminal and the second terminal are connected to different base stations, after the first terminal completes the data service session configuration, it can send the generated data service session configuration response message (i.e., the first response message in this disclosure) to the second base station. Similarly, after the second terminal completes the data service session configuration, it can send the generated data service session configuration response message (i.e., the second response message in this disclosure) to the second base station. Further, upon receiving this message, the second base station generates a corresponding data service session configuration response message (i.e., the seventh response message in this disclosure) and sends this response message to the first base station via the Xn interface or other means. In this way, the first base station can determine whether the first terminal and the second terminal agree to the session configuration, thus implementing the data service session configuration response process in the case of cross-base station connections.

[0148] In some embodiments, the seventh request message includes at least one of the following: the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of other base stations, the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the session identifier of the session, and relevant parameters of the interface that sends the seventh request message.

[0149] The seventh response message includes at least one of the following: the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of other base stations, the session identifier, the data type of the service data, the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the session type of the session, an indication of whether the configuration was successful, a description of the configuration failure, and resource allocation information.

[0150] In some embodiments, the interface for sending the seventh request message can be the Xn interface.

[0151] Figure 10 A flowchart illustrating another communication method is shown, such as... Figure 10 As shown, after step S902 above, the method further includes S1001-S1002:

[0152] S1001, Send a third request message to the first terminal and send an eighth request message to other base stations.

[0153] S1002, Receive the third response message sent by the first terminal, and receive the eighth response message sent by other base stations.

[0154] Among them, the eighth request message is used to trigger other base stations to send the fourth request message to the second terminal, the eighth response message is sent by other base stations in response to the fourth response message received from the second terminal, the third request message or the fourth request message is used to request to suspend or terminate the session, the third response message is used to respond to the third request message, the fourth response message is used to respond to the fourth request message, and the eighth response message is used to respond to the eighth request message.

[0155] In other words, when the first terminal and the second terminal are connected to different base stations, while the first base station sends a data service session suspension / termination request message (i.e., the third request message in this disclosure) to the first terminal, the first base station can also send a corresponding data service session suspension / termination request message (i.e., the eighth request message in this disclosure) to the second base station via the Xn interface or other means. The second base station can process this message, determine that the session needs to be suspended or terminated, generate a corresponding data service session suspension / termination request message (i.e., the fourth request message in this disclosure) based on this message, and send the data service session suspension / termination request message to the second terminal. In this way, both the first terminal and the second terminal can be aware that the data service session needs to be suspended / terminated, thus enabling the suspension or termination of the data service session in the case of cross-base station connections.

[0156] When the first terminal and the second terminal are connected to different base stations, after the first terminal completes the suspension or termination of its data service session, it can send the generated data service session suspension / termination response message (i.e., the third response message in this disclosure) to the first base station. Similarly, after the second terminal completes the suspension or termination of its data service session, it can send the generated data service session suspension / termination response message (i.e., the third response message in this disclosure) to the second base station. Further, upon receiving this message, the second base station generates a corresponding response message (i.e., the eighth response message in this disclosure) and sends this response message to the first base station via the Xn interface or other means. In this way, the first base station can determine whether the first terminal and the second terminal agree to suspend or terminate the session, thus implementing the data service session suspension or termination response process in the case of cross-base station connections.

[0157] In some embodiments, the eighth request message includes at least one of the following: an identifier of the first terminal, an identifier of the second terminal, a base station identifier of the base station, base station identifiers of other base stations, a session identifier of the session, and a statement of reason for suspension or termination. The eighth response message includes at least one of the following: an identifier of the first terminal, an identifier of the second terminal, a base station identifier of the base station, base station identifiers of other base stations, a session identifier, and an indication of whether to suspend or terminate the session.

[0158] Figure 11 A flowchart illustrating another communication method is shown, such as... Figure 11 As shown, after step S902 above, the method further includes S1101-S1102:

[0159] S1101, Send a fifth request message to the first terminal and a ninth request message to other base stations.

[0160] S1102, Receive the fifth response message sent by the first terminal, and receive the ninth response message sent by other base stations.

[0161] Among them, the ninth request message is used to trigger other base stations to send the sixth request message to the second terminal, the ninth response message is sent by other base stations in response to the sixth response message received from the second terminal, the fifth request message or the sixth request message is used to request activation or resumption of the session, the sixth response message is used to respond to the sixth request message, and the ninth response message is used to respond to the ninth request message.

[0162] In other words, when the first terminal and the second terminal are connected to different base stations, while the first base station sends a data service session activation / restore request message (i.e., the fifth request message in this disclosure) to the first terminal, the first base station can also send a corresponding data service session activation / restore request message (i.e., the ninth request message in this disclosure) to the second base station via the Xn interface or other means. The second base station can process this message, determine that the session needs to be activated / restored, generate a corresponding data service session activation / restore request message (i.e., the sixth request message in this disclosure) based on this message, and send the data service session activation / restore request message to the second terminal. In this way, data service session activation / restore can be achieved even when there are multiple base stations involved.

[0163] When the first terminal and the second terminal are connected to different base stations, after the first terminal completes the activation or resumption of a data service session, it can send the generated data service session activation / resumption response message (i.e., the fifth response message in this disclosure) to the first base station. Similarly, after the second terminal completes the activation or resumption of a data service session, it can send the generated data service session activation / resumption response message (i.e., the sixth response message in this disclosure) to the second base station. Further, upon receiving this message, the second base station generates a corresponding data service session activation / resumption response message (i.e., the ninth response message in this disclosure) and sends this response message to the first base station via the Xn interface or other means. In this way, the first base station can determine whether the second terminal agrees to session activation / resumption and send a data service session activation / resumption response message to the first terminal, thus implementing the data service session activation / resumption response process in the case of cross-base station connections.

[0164] In some embodiments, the ninth request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of other base stations, the session identifier of the session, the instruction information for activating or resuming the session, and the resources to be adjusted.

[0165] The ninth response message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of other base stations, the session identifier, the indication information for whether to activate or restore the session, and the resource allocation information.

[0166] Figure 12 A flowchart of another communication method is shown, in which the base station implementing this method is the serving base station of the first terminal, and the other base stations are the serving base stations of the second terminal, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the method also includes S1201-S1202:

[0167] S1201, In response to the seventh request message received from other base stations, a first request message is sent to the first terminal.

[0168] S1202, In response to the first response message received from the first terminal, a seventh response message is sent to other base stations.

[0169] The seventh response message is used to respond to the seventh request message.

[0170] For an explanation of how the serving base station of the first terminal transmits and processes request messages or response messages used for configuring the session, please refer to the description in the embodiments of S901-S902 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0171] Figure 13 A flowchart illustrating another communication method is shown, such as... Figure 13As shown, after step S1202 above, the method further includes S1301-S1302:

[0172] S1301, In response to the eighth request message received from other base stations, a third request message is sent to the first terminal.

[0173] S1302, In response to the third response message received from the first terminal, send an eighth response message to other serving base stations.

[0174] The third request message is used to request the suspension or termination of the session, the third response message is used to respond to the third request message, and the eighth response message is used to respond to the eighth request message.

[0175] For an explanation of how the serving base station of the first terminal transmits and processes request or response messages used to suspend or terminate a session, please refer to the description in the embodiments of S1001-S1002 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0176] Figure 14 A flowchart illustrating another communication method is shown, such as... Figure 14 As shown, after step S1202 above, the method further includes S1401-S1402:

[0177] S1401, In response to the ninth request message received from other base stations, a fifth request message is sent to the first terminal.

[0178] S1402, In response to the fifth response message received from the first terminal, a ninth response message is sent to other base stations.

[0179] The fifth request message is used to request activation or resumption of the session, the fifth response message is used to respond to the fifth request message, and the ninth response message is used to respond to the ninth request message.

[0180] For an explanation of how the serving base station of the first terminal transmits and processes the request and response messages used to activate or resume the session, please refer to the description of the embodiments in S1101-S1102 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0181] Figure 15 A flowchart illustrating another communication method is shown, such as... Figure 15 As shown, after step S902 or S1202 above, the method further includes S1501 or S1502:

[0182] S1501. Based on the session, receive service data sent by the first terminal to the second terminal, and forward the service data to other base stations.

[0183] S1502. Based on the session, receive service data from the second terminal sent by other base stations, and forward the service data to the first terminal.

[0184] In other words, when the first terminal and the second terminal are connected to different base stations, if the first base station receives service data sent by the first terminal, it can then forward the service data to the second base station via an Xn interface or similar method. The second base station can then forward the service data to the second terminal. This allows for the transmission of service data across different base stations.

[0185] This disclosure also provides a communication method applied to a terminal, such as... Figure 16 As shown, the communication method may include S1601-S1602:

[0186] S1601, Receive the first request message sent by the base station.

[0187] In some embodiments, the terminal includes a first terminal and a second terminal.

[0188] S1602, Send the first response message to the base station.

[0189] The first request message is used to request a configuration session; the session is used by the base station to forward service data between the terminal and another terminal without going through the core network; and the first response message is used to respond to the first request message.

[0190] For an explanation of how the terminal transmits request and response messages for configuring the session, please refer to the relevant descriptions in embodiments S401-S402 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0191] In some embodiments, the first request message includes at least one of the following: session identifier of the session, data type of service data, identifier of the terminal, base station identifier of the base station, session type of the session, required quality of service parameters, security information, estimated session duration of the session, and session validity duration of the session.

[0192] The first response message includes at least one of the following: session identifier, data type, terminal identifier, base station identifier, session type, indication of whether the configuration was successful, explanation of configuration failure, and resource allocation information.

[0193] For a description of the request and response messages used to configure the session, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0194] Figure 17 A flowchart illustrating another communication method is shown, such as... Figure 17 As shown, after step S1602 above, the method further includes S1701:

[0195] S1701. Based on the session, send service data destined for another terminal to the base station or receive service data from another terminal forwarded by the base station.

[0196] For an explanation of how the terminal transmits service data through the session, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments S801-S802, which will not be repeated here.

[0197] Figure 18 A flowchart illustrating another communication method is shown, such as... Figure 18 As shown, after step S1602, the method further includes S1801-S1802:

[0198] S1801, Receive the third request message sent by the base station.

[0199] S1802, Send a third response message to the base station.

[0200] The third request message is used to request the suspension or termination of the session, and the third response message is used to respond to the third request message.

[0201] For an explanation of how the terminal transmits request and response messages for pausing or terminating a session, please refer to the relevant descriptions in embodiments S1001-S1002 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0202] As one possible implementation, the third request message includes at least one of the following: the terminal's identifier, the base station's identifier, the session's identifier, and a statement of reason for suspension or termination. The third response message includes at least one of the following: the terminal's identifier, the session's identifier, and an indication of whether to suspend or terminate the session.

[0203] For a description of the request and response messages used to pause or terminate a session, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0204] Figure 19 A flowchart illustrating another communication method is shown, such as... Figure 19 As shown, after step S1602 above, the method further includes S1901-S1902:

[0205] S1901, Receive the fifth request message sent by the base station.

[0206] S1902, Send the fifth response message to the base station.

[0207] The fifth response message is used to respond to the fifth request message, which is used to request activation or resumption of the session.

[0208] For an explanation of how the terminal transmits request and response messages for activating or resuming a session, please refer to the relevant descriptions in embodiments S1101-S1102 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0209] In one possible implementation, the fifth request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the session identifier of the session, and the resources to be adjusted; the fifth response message includes at least one of the following: the session identifier, and an indication of whether it is ready.

[0210] For a description of the request and response messages used to activate or resume a session, please refer to the description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0211] The following section, using the interaction between a terminal and a base station as an example, describes the management method of the algorithm functions provided in the above embodiments. Figure 20 As shown, it includes:

[0212] S2001. The base station sends a first request message or a second request message to the terminal. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the first request message or the second request message sent by the base station.

[0213] S2002, the terminal sends a first response message or a second response message to the base station in response to the first request message or the second request message. Correspondingly, the base station receives the first response message or the second response message sent by the terminal to configure the session.

[0214] S2003. The terminal sends service data to the base station or receives service data sent by the base station through the configured session. Correspondingly, the base station receives service data sent by the terminal or sends service data to the terminal through the same session.

[0215] S2004. The base station sends a third request message or a fourth request message to the terminal. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the third request message or the fourth request message sent by the base station.

[0216] S2005. The terminal sends a third response message or a fourth response message to the base station in response to the third request message or the fourth request message. Accordingly, the base station receives the third response message or the fourth response message sent by the terminal to suspend or terminate the session.

[0217] S2006. The base station sends a fifth request message or a sixth request message to the terminal. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the fifth request message or the sixth request message sent by the base station.

[0218] S2007. The terminal sends a fifth response message or a sixth response message to the base station in response to the fifth request message or the sixth request message. Accordingly, the base station receives the fifth response message or the sixth response message sent by the terminal to activate or resume the session.

[0219] The following describes the management method of the algorithm function provided in the above embodiments, taking the interaction between the first terminal and the second terminal and the first and second base stations as an example in the case of cross-base station operation. Figure 21 As shown, it includes:

[0220] S2101, The first base station sends a first request message to the first terminal and a seventh request message to the second base station, triggering the second base station to send a second request message to the second terminal.

[0221] S2102, the first terminal sends a first response message to the first base station in response to the first request message, and the second terminal sends a second response message to the second base station in response to the second request message, triggering the second base station to send a seventh response message to the first base station to configure the session.

[0222] S2103. The first terminal sends service data to the first base station through a session, the first base station sends service data to the second base station, and the second base station sends service data to the second terminal.

[0223] S2104. The first base station sends a third request message to the first terminal and an eighth request message to the second base station, triggering the second base station to send a fourth request message to the second terminal.

[0224] S2105, the first terminal sends a third response message to the first base station in response to the third request message, and the second terminal sends a fourth response message to the second base station in response to the fourth request message, triggering the second base station to send an eighth response message to the first base station to suspend or terminate the session.

[0225] S2106. The first base station sends a fifth request message to the first terminal and a ninth request message to the second base station, triggering the second base station to send a sixth request message to the second terminal.

[0226] S2107. The first terminal sends a fifth response message to the first base station in response to the fifth request message, and the second terminal sends a sixth response message to the second base station in response to the sixth request message, triggering the second base station to send a ninth response message to the first base station to activate or resume the session.

[0227] The descriptions of the various units in the communication system, as well as those in the above method embodiments, will not be repeated here.

[0228] Furthermore, although the contents of the various request and response messages transmitted between the base station and the terminal have been illustrated above, this disclosure is not limited thereto. These messages may also include other unlisted contents depending on the needs of the terminal, base station, services, etc., and this disclosure does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0229] The following describes the management method for the algorithm functions provided in this disclosure, with reference to specific embodiments.

[0230] Example 1: Data transmission of a direct forwarding data service session based on the control plane.

[0231] The application scenario of Embodiment 1 of this disclosure is as follows: When a natural disaster or emergency occurs, on-site emergency personnel may need to quickly transmit a large amount of high-resolution video, sensor data, and other critical information to other nearby emergency vehicles and equipment (i.e., the second terminal in this disclosure) through a terminal device (i.e., the first terminal in this disclosure). Normally, in a traditional network architecture, such data transmission requires routing through base stations and multiple network elements (including UPFs) of the core network. However, in emergency situations, the core network may malfunction due to high load, faults, or physical damage, leading to increased latency and reduced reliability.

[0232] Based on the above problems, this disclosure introduces intelligent capabilities into the base station to identify direct communication requests between terminals and intelligently and dynamically determine whether to establish a data service session directly forwarded by the base station, thereby achieving efficient data exchange between terminals within the same base station coverage area. This embodiment considers the establishment and transmission of data service sessions based on the control plane, under the premise of existing core network authorization. Specific implementation steps are as follows: Figure 22 As shown:

[0233] Step 1: The RAN's DA-C monitors the service requirements and location information reported by the source terminal. When it is determined that there is a direct forwarding requirement between the two terminals, a data service session configuration request message is generated and sent to the DA-C of the source terminal and the DA-C of the destination terminal through the RRC process (i.e., the RRC of the source terminal and the RRC of the destination terminal).

[0234] Step 2: The RRC entities of the source terminal and the destination terminal receive the data service session configuration request message and forward it to the local DA-C (i.e., the DA-C of the source terminal and the DA-C of the destination terminal).

[0235] Step 3: The DA-C of the source terminal and the destination terminal receive and parse the data service session configuration request message, complete the configuration, and generate a data service session configuration response message.

[0236] Step 4: The source terminal and the destination terminal's DA-C send a data service session configuration response message to the RAN DA-C through the RRC procedure to complete the establishment of the direct forwarding data service session of the data plane.

[0237] Step 5: The source terminal DA-C receives the service data generated by its own DA-E and forwards it to the RAN through the RRC procedure (i.e., the source terminal's RRC).

[0238] Step 6: The RAN's RRC receives and parses the service data, and then forwards the service data to the RAN's DA-C through a new interface or internal data transmission interface.

[0239] Step 7: The RAN's DA-C receives the service data and sends it to the RAN's CU-CP. The RAN's CU-CP then forwards the service data to the destination terminal through the RRC process.

[0240] Step 8: The destination terminal's RRC receives and parses the service data, then forwards the data to the destination terminal's DA-C via its internal data transmission interface. The destination terminal's DA-C then forwards the service data to the appropriate destination terminal's DA-E for processing, thus completing the service data transmission process.

[0241] Example 2: Data transmission of direct forwarding data service sessions based on the user plane.

[0242] In the same application scenario as Example 1, this example considers establishing and transmitting data service sessions based on the user plane, under the premise of existing core network authorization. The specific implementation steps are as follows: Figure 23 (Steps 1-3) and Figure 24 (Steps 4-6) are shown:

[0243] Step 1: The RAN's DA-C monitors the service requirements and location information reported by the source terminal. When it is determined that there is a direct forwarding requirement between the two terminals, a data service session configuration request message is generated. The RAN's CU-UP sends the message directly to the DA-C of the source terminal and the DA-C of the destination terminal through a new signaling connection.

[0244] Step 2: The DA-C of the source terminal and the destination terminal receive the data service session configuration request message, complete the data service session configuration according to the recommended configuration, and generate a data service session configuration response message.

[0245] Step 3: The DA-C of the source terminal and the destination terminal respectively send a data service session configuration response message to the DA-C of the RAN to complete the establishment of the direct forwarding data service session of the data plane.

[0246] Step 4: The DA-E of the source terminal generates service data, which is then sent to the CU-UP of the RAN via the Uu interface by the L2 (packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) / service data adaptation protocol (SDAP)) of the source terminal.

[0247] Step 5: After receiving the service data, the RAN's CU-UP sends it to the destination terminal's L2 (PDCP / SDAP) through the User Equipment to NodeB interface (Uu).

[0248] Step 6: The L2 of the destination terminal sends the service data to the DA-E of the destination terminal through the terminal's internal interface to complete the service data transmission process.

[0249] The Uu interface is the physical layer interface connecting the terminal and the base station.

[0250] Example 3: Configuration and response process for direct forwarding data service sessions across base stations.

[0251] This embodiment considers the case where the source terminal and destination terminal access different base stations (i.e., across base stations), and directly forwards the configuration and response of the data service session. The specific implementation steps are as follows: Figure 25 As shown:

[0252] Step 1: The RAN's DA-C continuously monitors the service requirements and location information of terminals in the network. When it detects that the source terminal and the destination terminal are accessing different base stations but have a direct forwarding requirement, it initiates the session configuration process preparation. The source base station (i.e., the first base station in this disclosure) sends a message through the Xn interface to the DA-C of the target base station, instructing the target base station (i.e., the second base station in this disclosure) to send a data service session configuration request message to the destination terminal. This message may contain: the source terminal ID, the destination terminal ID, the source base station ID, the target base station ID, the session ID, the session type, the QoS requirements, the encryption algorithm ID, the estimated session duration, etc.

[0253] Step 2: After the target base station receives and evaluates the data service session configuration request message sent by the source base station, its DA-C generates a corresponding data service session configuration request message and sends it to the destination terminal's DA-C. This data service session configuration request message may contain: the source terminal's ID, the destination terminal's ID, the target base station's ID, the session ID, QoS requirements, security information, etc.

[0254] Step 3: The destination terminal's DA-C parses the information in the received data service session configuration request message, generates a data service session configuration response message, and sends it to the target base station. This data service session configuration response message may contain: the destination terminal's ID, the session ID, the status code, resource allocation information, etc.

[0255] Step 4: After receiving the data service session configuration response message sent by the destination terminal, the target base station's DA-C sends the same message to the source base station's DA-C via the Xn interface. This data service session configuration response message may contain: the target base station's ID, the source base station's ID, the destination terminal's ID, the session ID, and a status code.

[0256] It is understood that, in order to achieve the above-mentioned functions, the communication device includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the algorithmic steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments of this disclosure, this disclosure can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this disclosure.

[0257] This disclosure embodiment can divide the communication device into functional modules according to the above method embodiment. For example, each function can be divided into a separate functional module, or two or more functions can be integrated into one functional module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or software. It should be noted that the module division in this disclosure embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. The following description uses the example of dividing each functional module according to each function.

[0258] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 1 Communication devices can be used in base stations. For example... Figure 26 As shown, the communication device 2600 includes: a data proxy unit 2601 and a transmission protocol unit 2602.

[0259] The data proxy unit 2601 is connected to the transmission protocol unit 2602 via a first interface. The transmission protocol unit 2602 is connected to the transmission protocol unit included in the terminal via a second interface.

[0260] The first interface can be an internal interface of the base station. The second interface can be a Uu interface.

[0261] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2 Communication devices can be applied to terminals, such as Figure 27 As shown, the communication device 2700 includes: a data proxy unit 2701 and a transmission protocol unit 2702.

[0262] The data proxy unit 2701 is connected to the transmission protocol unit 2702 via a third interface. The transmission protocol unit 2702 is connected to the transmission protocol unit included in the base station via a second interface. The third interface can be an internal interface of the terminal. The second interface can be a Uu interface.

[0263] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 3 The communication device can be applied to the base station and perform the above-mentioned functions. Figure 4 The communication method shown. For example... Figure 28 As shown, the communication device 2800 includes: a transmitting module 2801 and a receiving module 2802.

[0264] The sending module 2801 is used to send a first request message to the first terminal, the first request message being used to request a configuration session; wherein, the session is used to forward service data between the first terminal and the second terminal without going through the core network.

[0265] The receiving module 2802 is used to receive a first response message sent by the first terminal, and the first response message is used to respond to the first request message.

[0266] In some embodiments, the base station is the serving base station of the first terminal and the second terminal; the sending module 2801 is further configured to send a second request message to the second terminal, the second request message being used to request a configuration session; the receiving module 2802 is further configured to receive a second response message sent by the second terminal, the second response message being used to respond to the second request message.

[0267] In some embodiments, the sending module 2801 is further configured to send a third request message to the first terminal and a fourth request message to the second terminal, wherein the third request message or the fourth request message is used to request to suspend or terminate the session; the receiving module 2802 is further configured to receive a third response message sent by the first terminal and a fourth response message sent by the second terminal, wherein the third response message is used to respond to the third request message and the fourth response message is used to respond to the fourth request message.

[0268] In some embodiments, the sending module 2801 is further configured to send a fifth request message to the first terminal and a sixth request message to the second terminal, wherein the fifth request message or the sixth request message is used to request activation or resumption of the session; the receiving module 2802 is further configured to receive a fifth response message sent by the first terminal and a sixth response message sent by the second terminal, wherein the fifth response message is used to respond to the fifth request message and the sixth response message is used to respond to the sixth request message.

[0269] In some embodiments, the receiving module 2802 is further configured to receive service data sent by the first terminal based on a session. The sending module 2801 is further configured to forward service data to the second terminal based on a session. The receiving module 2802 is further configured to receive service data sent by the second terminal based on a session. The sending module 2801 is further configured to forward service data to the first terminal based on a session.

[0270] In some embodiments, the base station is the serving base station of the first terminal, and other base stations besides the base station are the serving base stations of the second terminal; the sending module 2801 is further configured to send a seventh request message to other base stations, the seventh request message being used to trigger other base stations to send a second request message to the second terminal, the second request message being used to request a configuration session; the receiving module 2802 is further configured to receive a seventh response message sent by other base stations, the seventh response message being sent by other base stations in response to the second response message received from the second terminal, the second response message being used to respond to the second request message, and the seventh response message being used to respond to the seventh request message.

[0271] In some embodiments, the sending module 2801 is further configured to send a third request message to the first terminal and an eighth request message to other base stations, the eighth request message being used to trigger other base stations to send a fourth request message to the second terminal; the receiving module 2802 is further configured to receive a third response message sent by the first terminal and an eighth response message sent by other base stations, the eighth response message being sent by other base stations in response to the fourth response message received from the second terminal, the third request message or the fourth request message being used to request suspension or termination of the session, the third response message being used to respond to the third request message, the fourth response message being used to respond to the fourth request message, and the eighth response message being used to respond to the eighth request message.

[0272] In some embodiments, the sending module 2801 is further configured to send a fifth request message to the first terminal and a ninth request message to other base stations, the ninth request message being used to trigger other base stations to send a sixth request message to the second terminal; the receiving module 2802 is further configured to receive a fifth response message sent by the first terminal and a ninth response message sent by other base stations, the ninth response message being sent by other base stations in response to the sixth response message received from the second terminal, the fifth request message or the sixth request message being used to request activation or resumption of a session, the sixth response message being used to respond to the sixth request message, and the ninth response message being used to respond to the ninth request message.

[0273] In some embodiments, the base station is the serving base station of the first terminal, and other base stations besides the base station are the serving base stations of the second terminal; the sending module 2801 is further configured to send a first request message to the first terminal in response to a seventh request message received from other base stations; the sending module 2801 is further configured to send a seventh response message to other base stations in response to a first response message received from the first terminal, the seventh response message being used to respond to the seventh request message.

[0274] In some embodiments, the sending module 2801 is further configured to send a third request message to the first terminal in response to an eighth request message received from another base station, the third request message being used to request suspension or termination of the session; the sending module 2801 is further configured to send an eighth response message to other serving base stations in response to a third response message received from the first terminal, the third response message being used to respond to the third request message, and the eighth response message being used to respond to the eighth request message.

[0275] In some embodiments, the sending module 2801 is further configured to send a fifth request message to the first terminal in response to a ninth request message received from another base station; the sending module 2801 is further configured to send a ninth response message to another base station in response to a fifth response message received from the first terminal, wherein the fifth request message is used to request activation or resumption of a session, the fifth response message is used to respond to the fifth request message, and the ninth response message is used to respond to the ninth request message.

[0276] In some embodiments, the receiving module 2802 is further configured to receive service data destined for a second terminal sent by the first terminal, based on a session. The sending module 2801 is further configured to forward service data to other base stations, based on a session. The receiving module 2802 is further configured to receive service data from the second terminal sent by other base stations, based on a session. The sending module 2801 is further configured to forward service data to the first terminal, based on a session.

[0277] In some embodiments, the first request message includes at least one of the following: session identifier of the session, data type of service data, identifier of the first terminal, identifier of the second terminal, base station identifier of the base station, session type of the session, required quality of service parameters, security information, estimated session duration of the session, and session validity duration of the session; the first response message includes at least one of the following: session identifier, data type, identifier of the first terminal, identifier of the second terminal, base station identifier, session type, indication information of whether the configuration was successful, explanation of configuration failure, and resource allocation information.

[0278] In some embodiments, the second request message includes at least one of the following: session identifier of the session, data type of service data, identifier of the first terminal, identifier of the second terminal, base station identifier of the serving base station of the second terminal, session type of the session, required quality of service parameters, security information, estimated session duration of the session, and session validity duration of the session; the second response message includes at least one of the following: session identifier, data type, identifier of the first terminal, identifier of the second terminal, base station identifier of the serving base station of the second terminal, session type, indication information of whether the configuration was successful, explanation of configuration failure, and resource allocation information.

[0279] In some embodiments, the third request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the serving base station of the first terminal, the session identifier of the session, and a description of the reason for suspension or termination; the third response message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the session identifier, and an indication of whether to suspend or terminate the session.

[0280] In some embodiments, the fourth request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the serving base station of the second terminal, the session identifier of the session, and a description of the reason for suspension or termination; the fourth response message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the session identifier, and an indication of whether to suspend or terminate the session.

[0281] In some embodiments, the fifth request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the serving base station of the first terminal, the session identifier of the session, and the resources to be adjusted; the fifth response message includes at least one of the following: the session identifier, and indication information of whether it is ready.

[0282] In some embodiments, the sixth request message includes: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the serving base station of the second terminal, the session identifier of the session, and the resources to be adjusted; the sixth response message includes at least one of the following: the session identifier and an indication of whether it is ready.

[0283] In some embodiments, the seventh request message includes at least one of the following: the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of other base stations, the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the session identifier of the session, and relevant parameters of the interface that sent the seventh request message; the seventh response message includes at least one of the following: the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of other base stations, the session identifier, the data type of the service data, the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the session type of the session, indication information of whether the configuration was successful, explanation of configuration failure, and resource allocation information.

[0284] In some embodiments, the eighth request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of other base stations, the session identifier of the session, and a description of the reason for suspension or termination; the eighth response message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of other base stations, the session identifier, and an indication of whether to suspend or terminate the session.

[0285] In some embodiments, the ninth request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of other base stations, the session identifier of the session, the indication information for activating or resuming the session, and the resources to be adjusted; the ninth response message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of other base stations, the session identifier, the indication information for whether to activate or resume the session, and the resource allocation information.

[0286] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 4 The communication device 2900 can be applied to a terminal and perform the above-mentioned functions. Figure 16 The communication method shown. For example... Figure 29 As shown, the communication device 2900 includes: a receiving module 2901 and a transmitting module 2902.

[0287] The receiving module 2901 is used to receive a first request message sent by the base station, the first request message being used to request the configuration of a session; wherein, the session is used by the base station to forward service data between the terminal and another terminal without going through the core network. The sending module 2902 is used to send a first response message to the base station, the first response message being used to respond to the first request message.

[0288] In some embodiments, the first request message includes at least one of the following: session identifier of the session, data type of service data, identifier of the terminal, base station identifier of the base station, session type of the session, required quality of service parameters, security information, estimated session duration of the session, and session validity duration of the session; the first response message includes at least one of the following: session identifier, data type, identifier of the terminal, base station identifier, session type, indication information of whether the configuration was successful, explanation of configuration failure, and resource allocation information.

[0289] In some embodiments, the sending module 2902 is further configured to send service data destined for another terminal to the base station based on a session. The receiving module 2901 is further configured to receive service data from another terminal forwarded by the base station based on a session.

[0290] In some embodiments, the receiving module 2901 is further configured to receive a third request message sent by the base station, the third request message being used to request suspension or termination of the session; the sending module 2902 is further configured to send a third response message to the base station, the third response message being used to respond to the third request message.

[0291] In some embodiments, the third request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the session identifier of the session, and a description of the reason for suspension or termination; the third response message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the terminal, the session identifier, and an indication of whether to suspend or terminate the session.

[0292] In some embodiments, the receiving module 2901 is further configured to receive a fifth request message sent by the base station, the fifth request message being used to request activation or resumption of a session; the sending module 2902 is further configured to send a fifth response message to the base station, the fifth response message being used to respond to the fifth request message.

[0293] In some embodiments, the fifth request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the session identifier of the session, and the resources to be adjusted; the fifth response message includes at least one of the following: the session identifier, and an indication of whether it is ready.

[0294] In implementing the functionality of the integrated modules described above using hardware, this disclosure provides another possible structure for the communication device involved in the above embodiments. For example... Figure 30 As shown, the communication device 3000 includes a processor 3002 and a bus 3004. Optionally, the communication device may also include a memory 3001; in some embodiments, the communication device may also include a communication interface 3003.

[0295] Processor 3002 may implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with embodiments of this disclosure. Processor 3002 may be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with embodiments of this disclosure. Processor 3002 may also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as including one or more microprocessor combinations, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, etc.

[0296] The communication interface 3003 is used to connect with other devices via a communication network. This communication network can be Ethernet, wireless access network, wireless local area network (WLAN), etc.

[0297] The memory 3001 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto.

[0298] In one possible implementation, the memory 3001 can exist independently of the processor 3002. The memory 3001 can be connected to the processor 3002 via a bus 3004 and is used to store instructions or program code. When the processor 3002 calls and executes the instructions or program code stored in the memory 3001, it can implement the communication method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0299] In another possible implementation, the memory 3001 can also be integrated with the processor 3002.

[0300] Bus 3004 can be an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Bus 3004 can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 30 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0301] Some embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium) storing computer program instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform a communication method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0302] Exemplary examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, or magnetic tapes), optical discs (e.g., compact disks (CDs), digital versatile disks (DVDs), etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROMs), cards, sticks, or key drives, etc.). The various computer-readable storage media described in this disclosure may represent one or more devices and / or other machine-readable storage media for storing information. The term "machine-readable storage medium" may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and / or carrying instructions and / or data.

[0303] This disclosure provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the communication method of any of the above embodiments.

[0304] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a base station, the method includes: A first request message is sent to a first terminal, the first request message being used to request a configuration session; wherein, the session is used to forward service data between the first terminal and the second terminal without going through the core network; The system receives a first response message sent by the first terminal, the first response message being used to respond to the first request message.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base station is the serving base station for the first terminal and the second terminal; the method further includes: Send a second request message to the second terminal, the second request message being used to request configuration of the session; The system receives a second response message sent by the second terminal, the second response message being used to respond to the second request message.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: A third request message is sent to the first terminal, and a fourth request message is sent to the second terminal. The third request message or the fourth request message is used to request to suspend or terminate the session. The system receives a third response message sent by the first terminal and a fourth response message sent by the second terminal. The third response message is used to respond to the third request message, and the fourth response message is used to respond to the fourth request message.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: A fifth request message is sent to the first terminal, and a sixth request message is sent to the second terminal. The fifth request message or the sixth request message is used to request activation or resumption of the session. The system receives a fifth response message sent by the first terminal and a sixth response message sent by the second terminal. The fifth response message is used to respond to the fifth request message, and the sixth response message is used to respond to the sixth request message.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the session, the service data sent by the first terminal is received, and the service data is forwarded to the second terminal; or... Based on the session, the service data sent by the second terminal is received, and the service data is forwarded to the first terminal.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base station is the serving base station for the first terminal, and other base stations besides the base station are serving base stations for the second terminal; the method further includes: A seventh request message is sent to the other base stations, the seventh request message being used to trigger the other base stations to send a second request message to the second terminal, the second request message being used to request configuration of the session; The system receives a seventh response message sent by the other base station, which is sent by the other base station in response to a second response message received from the second terminal. The second response message is used to respond to the second request message, and the seventh response message is used to respond to the seventh request message.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: A third request message is sent to the first terminal, and an eighth request message is sent to the other base stations. The eighth request message is used to trigger the other base stations to send a fourth request message to the second terminal. The system receives a third response message sent by the first terminal and an eighth response message sent by the other base station. The eighth response message is sent by the other base station in response to a fourth response message received from the second terminal. The third request message or the fourth request message is used to request the suspension or termination of the session. The third response message is used to respond to the third request message. The fourth response message is used to respond to the fourth request message. The eighth response message is used to respond to the eighth request message.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: The fifth request message is sent to the first terminal, and a ninth request message is sent to the other base stations, wherein the ninth request message is used to trigger the other base stations to send a sixth request message to the second terminal; The system receives a fifth response message sent by the first terminal and a ninth response message sent by the other base station. The ninth response message is sent by the other base station in response to a sixth response message received from the second terminal. The fifth request message or the sixth request message is used to request activation or resumption of the session. The sixth response message is used to respond to the sixth request message, and the ninth response message is used to respond to the ninth request message.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base station is the serving base station for the first terminal, and other base stations besides the base station are serving base stations for the second terminal; the method further includes: In response to the seventh request message received from the other base stations, the first request message is sent to the first terminal; In response to the first response message received from the first terminal, a seventh response message is sent to the other base stations, the seventh response message being used to respond to the seventh request message.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: In response to an eighth request message received from the other base stations, a third request message is sent to the first terminal, the third request message being used to request the suspension or termination of the session; In response to a third response message received from the first terminal, an eighth response message is sent to the other serving base stations, wherein the third response message is used to respond to the third request message and the eighth response message is used to respond to the eighth request message.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: In response to the ninth request message received from the other base stations, a fifth request message is sent to the first terminal; In response to the fifth response message received from the first terminal, a ninth response message is sent to the other base stations. The fifth request message is used to request activation or resumption of the session, the fifth response message is used to respond to the fifth request message, and the ninth response message is used to respond to the ninth request message.

12. The method according to claim 6 or 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the session, the service data destined for the second terminal sent by the first terminal is received, and the service data is forwarded to the other base stations; or... Based on the session, the system receives service data from the second terminal sent by the other base stations and forwards the service data to the first terminal.

13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first request message includes at least one of the following: the session identifier of the session, the data type of the service data, the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the session type of the session, the required quality of service parameters, security information, the estimated session duration of the session, and the session validity duration of the session; The first response message includes at least one of the following: the session identifier, the data type, the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier, the session type, an indication of whether the configuration was successful, a description of the configuration failure, and resource allocation information.

14. The method according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that, The second request message includes at least one of the following: the session identifier of the session, the data type of the service data, the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the serving base station of the second terminal, the session type of the session, the required quality of service parameters, security information, the estimated session duration of the session, and the session validity duration of the session. The second response message includes at least one of the following: the session identifier, the data type, the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the serving base station of the second terminal, the session type, an indication of whether the configuration was successful, a description of the configuration failure, and resource allocation information.

15. The method according to any one of claims 3, 7, or 10, characterized in that, The third request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the serving base station of the first terminal, the session identifier of the session, and a description of the reason for suspension or termination; The third response message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the session identifier, and an indication of whether to suspend or terminate the session.

16. The method according to claim 3 or 7, characterized in that, The fourth request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the serving base station of the second terminal, the session identifier of the session, and a description of the reason for suspension or termination; The fourth response message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the session identifier, and an indication of whether to suspend or terminate the session.

17. The method according to any one of claims 4, 8, or 12, characterized in that, The fifth request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the serving base station of the first terminal, the session identifier of the session, and the resources to be adjusted; The fifth response message includes at least one of the following: the session identifier, and an indication of whether it is ready.

18. The method according to claim 4 or 8, characterized in that, The sixth request message includes: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the serving base station of the second terminal, the session identifier of the session, and the resources to be adjusted. The sixth response message includes at least one of the following: the session identifier, and an indication of whether it is ready.

19. The method according to claim 6 or 9, characterized in that, The seventh request message includes at least one of the following: the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of the other base stations, the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the session identifier of the session, and relevant parameters of the interface that sends the seventh request message; The seventh response message includes at least one of the following: the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of the other base stations, the session identifier, the data type of the service data, the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the session type of the session, an indication of whether the configuration was successful, an explanation of the configuration failure, and resource allocation information.

20. The method according to claim 7 or 10, characterized in that, The eighth request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of the other base stations, the session identifier of the session, and a statement of reason for suspension or termination; The eighth response message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of the other base stations, the session identifier, and an indication of whether to suspend or terminate the session.

21. The method according to claim 8 or 11, characterized in that, The ninth request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of the other base stations, the session identifier of the session, the instruction information for activating or resuming the session, and the resources to be adjusted; The ninth response message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the base station identifier of the other base stations, the session identifier, indication information on whether to activate or restore the session, and resource allocation information.

22. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to terminals, including: The system receives a first request message sent by a base station, the first request message being used to request the configuration of a session; wherein the session is used by the base station to forward service data between the terminal and another terminal without going through the core network; A first response message is sent to the base station, the first response message being used to respond to the first request message.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, The first request message includes at least one of the following: the session identifier of the session, the data type of the service data, the identifier of the terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the session type of the session, the required quality of service parameters, security information, the estimated session duration of the session, and the session validity duration of the session; The first response message includes at least one of the following: the session identifier, the data type, the terminal identifier, the base station identifier, the session type, an indication of whether the configuration was successful, a description of the configuration failure, and resource allocation information.

24. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the session, the service data destined for the other terminal is sent to the base station or the service data from the other terminal is forwarded by the base station.

25. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive a third request message sent by the base station, the third request message being used to request the suspension or termination of the session; A third response message is sent to the base station, the third response message being used to respond to the third request message.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that, The third request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the session identifier of the session, and a description of the reason for suspension or termination; the third response message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the terminal, the session identifier, and an indication of whether to suspend or terminate the session.

27. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, The method further includes: The system receives a fifth request message sent by the base station, the fifth request message being used to request activation or resumption of the session; A fifth response message is sent to the base station, the fifth response message being used to respond to the fifth request message.

28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that, The fifth request message includes at least one of the following: the identifier of the terminal, the base station identifier of the base station, the session identifier of the session, and the resources to be adjusted; the fifth response message includes at least one of the following: the session identifier, and an indication of whether it is ready.

29. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes: a first terminal, a base station, and a second terminal; the first terminal includes: a first data proxy unit and a first transmission protocol unit; the base station includes: a second data proxy unit and a second transmission protocol unit; the second terminal includes: a third data proxy unit and a third transmission protocol unit. The first data proxy unit is connected to the first transmission protocol unit, the first transmission protocol unit is connected to the second transmission protocol unit, the second transmission protocol unit is connected to the second data proxy unit, the second transmission protocol unit is connected to the third transmission protocol unit, and the third transmission protocol unit is connected to the third data proxy unit.

30. The system according to claim 29, characterized in that, The base station further includes a centralization unit; the centralization unit is connected to the second transmission protocol unit.

31. The system according to claim 29, characterized in that, The first data proxy unit, the second data proxy unit, and the third data proxy unit are used to collaboratively configure a session; the session is used to forward service data between the first terminal and the second terminal without going through the core network.

32. The system according to claim 30, characterized in that, The first data proxy unit, the first transmission protocol unit, the second data proxy unit, the second transmission protocol unit, the third data proxy unit, the third transmission protocol unit, and the central unit are used to coordinate to forward service data between the first terminal and the second terminal through the session.

33. A communication device, characterized in that, Applied to a base station, the communication device includes: a data proxy unit and a transmission protocol unit; The data proxy unit is connected to the transmission protocol unit through a first interface; The transmission protocol unit is connected to the transmission protocol unit included in the terminal through the second interface.

34. A communication device, characterized in that, Applied to a terminal, the communication device includes: a data proxy unit and a transmission protocol unit; The data proxy unit is connected to the transmission protocol unit through a third interface; The transmission protocol unit is connected to the transmission protocol unit included in the base station through the second interface.

35. A communication device, characterized in that, include: Memory and processor; Memory and processor are coupled; The memory is used to store instructions that can be executed by the processor; When the processor executes the instructions, it performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-28.

36. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-28.

37. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes computer program instructions that, when executed, implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-28.

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