A solid particle heat sink based on a tracked fluidized bed

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of solar power generation, and provides a solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed, which comprises a closed shell, a tracked conveying device for conveying solid particles at a controllable speed is arranged in the shell, an optical window for incident solar radiation is arranged on the shell, a fluidized gas system is arranged below the shell, the fluidized gas system inputs adjustable flow of fluidized gas to disturb the solid particles on the tracked conveying device, cold solid particles are input at the inlet end of the tracked conveying device, the cold solid particles uniformly absorb the incident solar radiation under the disturbance of the fluidized gas, and the heated solid particles are output at the outlet end. The tracked fluidized bed structure is reformed, and the particle ratio is further optimized, so that wideband spectral absorption, uniform mixed flow and rapid and accurate regulation and control are realized, and the target of high light-heat conversion efficiency and stable operation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar power generation technology, and in particular to a solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed. Background Technology

[0002] Tower solar thermal power generation technology is one of the important ways to realize large-scale, high-parameter solar power generation. Its basic principle is to use a large-scale heliostat field to precisely focus sunlight onto a receiver at the top of the tower. The working fluid inside the receiver absorbs high-energy-density radiation and heats up, thereby driving a heat engine (such as a steam turbine, supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle, etc.) to generate electricity. Solid particles are considered the ideal working fluid for next-generation tower receivers due to their advantages such as high operating temperature (above 1000℃), low cost, good thermal stability, and direct heat storage. Therefore, developing efficient, stable, and scalable tower solid particle receivers has become a research hotspot in the field of solar thermal technology. Currently, tower solid particle receivers that have been reported and tested in engineering can be mainly divided into three categories: free-fall type, rotary kiln type, and fluidized bed type.

[0003] Free-fall receivers have a short time to absorb radiation and heat up, with a photothermal conversion efficiency generally below 60%, and outlet particle temperature fluctuations exceeding ±50℃. Rotary kilns have excessively low thermal efficiency, with a large amount of heat lost through the kiln wall and end openings. Furthermore, the sealing and support structures of rotating components suffer from significant thermal expansion and wear at high temperatures, increasing equipment complexity and maintenance costs. In addition, as large-inertia components, rotary kilns respond slowly to rapid fluctuations in concentrated energy flow, limiting their dynamic control capabilities.

[0004] Therefore, fluidized bed particle receivers are a key technology attracting attention in academia and engineering. A typical structure includes a fluidized bed chamber, a bottom air distribution plate, a particle inlet, an outlet, an exhaust pipe, and an external focusing window. The chamber is usually rectangular or cylindrical, with a fluidizing gas (often air or an inert gas) introduced through the bottom air distribution plate (often a perforated plate or a wind cap). Solid particles are continuously fed into the bed from the top or side, where they become fluidized under the influence of the airflow—the particles are suspended and move violently, forming a gas-solid mixture similar to a fluid. The focused high-energy flux density radiation passes through the quartz window and irradiates the surface of the fluidized bed and the shallow particles. Its working principle can be summarized as follows: the fluidizing gas enhances the disturbance and mixing of the particles, making the temperature within the bed more uniform; simultaneously, the convective heat transfer coefficient between the gas and solid phases is significantly increased, facilitating the rapid transfer of heat from the particle surface to the interior. Some designs also employ a circulating fluidized bed structure, allowing the particles to pass through the radiation zone multiple times.

[0005] The core technologies of existing fluidized bed particle receivers include: ① adjusting the fluidization state of the particles (bubbling bed, turbulent bed, or fast bed) by controlling the fluidizing air velocity; ② recovering fluidizing gas and bed heat using buried pipes or wall heat exchange structures; ③ introducing multi-stage air distribution or segmented feeding to improve the limited radiation penetration depth. However, after in-depth analysis and experimental verification, existing solid particle receivers in tower solar thermal power generation systems, especially those based on the fluidized bed principle, still have significant shortcomings in terms of photothermal conversion efficiency, particle flow uniformity, and system operational stability. The specific technical problems and their causes, as determined by system analysis and experimental verification, are as follows:

[0006] (1) Spectral absorption bottleneck of single-component particles

[0007] Existing granular heat absorbers generally use single-component particles (such as quartz sand, bauxite, silicon carbide, etc.) as the heat-absorbing medium. However, the absorption characteristics of any solid material to the solar spectrum exhibit band selectivity: for example, some metal oxides have high absorption rates in the visible light band, but their absorption rates decrease significantly in the near-infrared region; while some dark minerals have strong reflection in the ultraviolet region. Limited by the intrinsic optical properties of single materials, single-component particles cannot achieve broadband and efficient absorption across the entire ultraviolet to infrared band. This results in a considerable portion of the focused solar radiation being reflected or scattered without being absorbed, and the photothermal conversion efficiency has a theoretical upper limit (usually below 85%). More importantly, simply increasing the absorption rate often comes at the cost of sacrificing the particle's resistance to sintering or its flowability, leading to a contradiction between "efficiency and stability".

[0008] (2) The multi-field coupling mechanism between multi-component particle mixing flow and photothermal conversion is unclear.

[0009] To overcome spectral limitations, the natural approach is to use a mixture of particles with multiple components (such as high UV absorption particles and high infrared absorption particles). However, the momentum transfer and photothermal conversion processes of multi-component particles in a fluidized bed involve coupling of three fields: gas, solid, and radiation, making the mechanism extremely complex. Differences in density, particle size, sphericity, and surface properties among different particles lead to variations in their critical fluidization velocity, segregation rate, and residence time distribution in the fluidized bed. In actual operation, particles with low density and large size tend to float or escape prematurely, while particles with high density and small size sink or remain, causing particle stratification and segregation, severely disrupting the mixing uniformity. This uneven mixing state directly results in an imbalance in the distribution of radiative energy flow among different component particles—some wavelengths of energy are insufficiently absorbed by the corresponding particles, while other particles experience accelerated aging due to excessive absorption and localized overheating. Existing research has not yet established a mathematical model that can accurately describe the coupling relationship between "flow-heat transfer-radiation absorption" in multi-component particle systems, and there is a lack of targeted fluidized bed structure design, which makes it impossible to achieve precise matching between particle flow state and photothermal absorption process.

[0010] (3) Failure of control strategy under multivariable nonlinear time-delay coupling of system

[0011] The tower-type solid particle receiver is a typical multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) nonlinear system. Input variables include: heliostat field concentrated energy flux density (with uneven spatiotemporal distribution and severe fluctuations due to cloud interference), particle feed rate, fluidizing gas flow rate, and discharge rate; output variables include particle outlet temperature, bed temperature distribution, and system efficiency. These variables exhibit strong coupling and time-delay effects: for example, adjusting the fluidizing gas flow rate simultaneously alters the particle mixing state, residence time, and heat loss, with this effect typically laging by tens of seconds to several minutes; after a sudden drop in irradiance, the output temperature only responds after newly introduced particles complete the endothermic-mixing-discharge process. Traditional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control and feedforward control strategies cannot effectively decouple this nonlinear time-delay characteristic, often leading to severe overshoot or oscillating instability. Under typical operating conditions such as irradiation fluctuations, changes in particle composition, or system start-up and shutdown, existing control methods are unable to balance heat absorption efficiency and outlet temperature stability. This results in outlet particle temperature fluctuations often exceeding ±40℃, directly causing downstream heat engines (such as supercritical CO2 turbines) to fail to operate safely and efficiently. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed. Employing a tracked fluidized bed structure and combining it with a multi-component particulate working fluid, it aims to solve the technical problems of existing fluidized bed heat absorbers, such as unclear multi-field coupling mechanisms, insufficient adaptability of control strategies, poor particle flow uniformity, limited spectral absorption bands, short heat absorption time, and uneven temperature distribution. Through modification of the tracked fluidized bed structure and optimization of particle ratio, it achieves broadband spectral absorption, uniform mixing flow, and rapid and precise control, thereby achieving high photothermal conversion efficiency and stable operation. This invention is particularly suitable for tower solar thermal power generation systems and can be widely applied to large-scale solar thermal power generation projects and related energy utilization fields.

[0013] This invention provides the following technical solution:

[0014] A solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed includes a sealed shell, a tracked conveyor for controlling the speed of solid particle transport inside the shell, an optical window for incident solar radiation on the shell, and a fluidizing gas system below the shell, wherein the fluidizing gas system agitates the solid particles on the tracked conveyor by inputting an adjustable flow rate of fluidizing gas.

[0015] The inlet end of the tracked conveyor is fed with cold solid particles, which uniformly absorb the incoming solar radiation under the disturbance of fluidizing gas, and the outlet end outputs heated solid particles.

[0016] Preferably, the track conveyor includes a high-temperature resistant metal mesh track with fluidizing holes evenly distributed on the track surface, and a particle bed is formed above the track with solid particles located on the particle bed.

[0017] Preferably, the track conveyor further includes a drive roller, a driven roller, and a tensioning mechanism. The track surrounds the drive roller and the driven roller, and the tensioning state is adjusted by the tensioning mechanism. The drive roller is driven by a motor with adjustable speed.

[0018] Preferably, the housing is disposed on both sides of the track, and the housing is provided with an exhaust port, which is connected to a cyclone separator for recovering solid particles.

[0019] Preferably, the particle conveying pump and the particle distributor are sequentially arranged at the inlet end of the track, and the particle distributor is a long strip-shaped material distributor with a vibration mechanism.

[0020] Preferably, the solid particles include at least one type of black ceramic particle with high absorption rate and one type of metal-based particle with high thermal conductivity.

[0021] Preferably, the black ceramic particles are selected from silicon carbide or chromite sand, and the metal-based particles are selected from iron-based particles coated with an anti-oxidation coating.

[0022] Preferably, the fluidized gas system includes, in sequence, a blower, a flow regulating valve located at the outlet of the blower, a gas pipeline, and a fluidized gas chamber located at the bottom of the housing. A pressure sensor for measuring gas pressure is provided at the inlet of the gas pipeline into the fluidized gas chamber.

[0023] Preferably, the optical window is made of quartz glass with high light transmittance and thermal shock resistance.

[0024] Preferably, the shell adopts a double-layer insulation structure, with the inner wall being a high-temperature resistant metal material, the outer wall being an insulation steel plate, and the middle being filled with high-performance ceramic fiber insulation material.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) This invention applies a track-fluidized composite structure to a solar solid particle heat absorber. A continuously running mesh track is coupled with a bottom-blown fluidized bed. The track's mechanical conveying allows for precise control of the particle residence time within the focused radiation zone (tens of seconds to several minutes, far exceeding the second-level residence time of free-falling particles), overcoming the fundamental defects of existing fluidized beds such as limited radiation penetration depth and insufficient particle heat absorption. Fluidized gas disturbance ensures vigorous particle movement within the bed, eliminating temperature gradients and preventing localized sintering. This structure combines the long residence time of a moving bed with the temperature uniformity of a fluidized bed.

[0027] (2) This invention achieves synergistic enhancement of flow and spectrum. By designing the matching relationship between the track running speed, fluidizing gas velocity, particle ratio and particle size, the segregation and stratification of multi-component particles during the flow process are solved, ensuring that different particles are uniformly mixed in the heat absorption zone, thereby enabling the full-band radiative energy flow to be stably and efficiently absorbed by the corresponding particle components. The two core processes of flow control and spectral absorption are dynamically coupled and optimized to obtain a synergistic heat absorption effect that surpasses that of a single mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the track structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the fluidized gas chamber provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the picture:

[0032] 1. Blower; 2. Flow regulating valve; 3. Gas pipeline; 4. Hot pellet storage tank; 5. Regulating valve; 6. Motor; 7. Optical window; 8. Cyclone separator; 9. Track; 10. Particle bed; 11. Particle distributor; 12. Particle conveying pump; 13. Fluidized gas chamber; 14. Pressure sensor; 15. Tensioning mechanism; 16. Drive roller; 17. Housing; 18. Driven roller; 19. Fluidization hole; 20. Exhaust port. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the embodiments and drawings are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. All reasonable modifications and combinations included within the inventive spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Reference Figure 1The solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed provided in this embodiment includes a shell 17, a tracked conveyor device inside the shell 17, and particle distributors 11 and hot particle storage tanks 4 at both ends of the tracked conveyor device, with regulating valves 5 on the hot particle storage tanks 4. A fluidizing gas system is located below the track 9. The shell is a top-open cavity structure with a high-temperature resistant transparent optical window 7 on its top for focusing solar radiation. The tracked conveyor device, including the track 9, is arranged inside the shell, and a particle bed 10 is formed above the track 9. A particle distributor 11 is provided at one end of the track 9 to evenly distribute the solid particles to be heated onto the surface of the track 9; a hot particle outlet is provided at the lower part of the other end of the shell for collecting and discharging the heated high-temperature particles. A fluidizing gas system is provided at the bottom of the shell, and the fluidizing gas chamber 13 of the fluidizing gas system is connected to the particle bed 10 above through fluidizing holes 19 opened on the track 9.

[0036] Specifically:

[0037] The tracked conveyor is the core component for achieving controllable particle movement and fluidization coupling. (Refer to...) Figure 2 It consists of a drive roller 16, a driven roller 18, a tensioning mechanism 15, and a high-temperature resistant metal mesh track 9 surrounding it. The surface of the mesh track 9 has a large number of microporous fluidizing holes 19 evenly distributed, serving as channels for fluidizing gas. The track 9 is made of a high-temperature resistant alloy to ensure long-term stable operation in environments above 800°C. The drive roller 16 is driven by a motor 6 with adjustable speed, thereby precisely controlling the running speed of the track 9 and achieving a wide range of adjustable effective residence time of particles in the radiation zone (tens of seconds to several minutes). The tensioning mechanism 15 can maintain appropriate tension of the track 9 under thermal expansion and contraction and load changes, preventing deviation or slippage.

[0038] A multi-component solid particle bed 10 is located between the conveyor belt 9 and the optical window 7. The multi-component solid particles are a physical mixture of two or more solid particles with different spectral absorption characteristics in an optimized ratio. Typical examples include: high-absorption-rate black ceramic particles such as silicon carbide or chromite sand, and high-thermal-conductivity metal-based particles such as iron-based particles coated with an anti-oxidation coating. The black ceramic particles primarily absorb visible and near-infrared light energy, while the metal-based particles enhance infrared absorption and radial thermal conduction within the bed. The particle size ranges from 0.1 mm to 2 mm. The particle size and density of different components must be matched to reduce segregation under fluidized conditions and maintain mixing uniformity.

[0039] The fluidizing gas system includes a blower 1, a fluidizing gas chamber 13, and gas pipelines 3. (Refer to...) Figure 3Fluidizing gas is blown into the sealed fluidizing gas chamber 13 by blower 1. Under pressure, it passes evenly through the fluidizing holes 19 on the mesh conveyor belt 9 and enters the upper particle bed 10. By adjusting the gas flow rate, the particle bed 10 can be kept in a stable bubbling fluidized state or a turbulent fluidized state. Fluidization has a dual effect: firstly, it promotes vigorous particle movement, enhances the heat transfer process between particles and between particles and radiation, and achieves rapid temperature homogenization of the particle bed 10, avoiding local overheating; secondly, the gas flow carries away the residual radiation energy passing through the particle bed 10 and further heats the particles through forced convection heat transfer. A flow regulating valve 2 is installed at the outlet of blower 1 to measure the gas flow rate; a pressure sensor 14 is installed at the inlet of the gas pipeline 3 into the fluidizing gas chamber 13 to measure the pressure inside the gas chamber 13. The opening of the flow regulating valve 2 and the speed of blower 1 are adjusted according to the gas flow rate and the pressure signal inside the gas chamber 13.

[0040] The pellet distributor 11, located at the inlet end of the track 9, is a long strip-shaped distributor with a vibration mechanism. The pellet conveying pump 12 is connected to the pellet distributor 11 to achieve uniform and continuous spreading of cold pellets in the width direction of the track, forming a pellet bed with a consistent initial thickness and height, thereby ensuring the uniformity of subsequent heat transfer and the stability of system operation.

[0041] The optical window 7 is made of high-transmittance, heat-shock-resistant quartz glass and is sealed on the top of the housing. It allows focused solar radiation to enter the interior of the optical window 7 efficiently and, together with the housing, forms a sealed cavity, effectively reducing convective heat loss and maintaining a stable internal temperature.

[0042] The shell adopts a double-layer insulation structure, with the inner wall made of high-temperature resistant metal material and the outer wall made of insulated steel plate, with high-performance ceramic fiber insulation material filling the middle. This design minimizes heat loss while withstanding high-temperature environments, thereby improving energy efficiency.

[0043] The housing 17 is located on both sides of the track 9 to prevent the fluidized particles from overflowing to both sides, ensuring that the particles flow in an orderly manner within the track area and avoiding material loss and equipment interference.

[0044] The working process of the solid particle heat absorber based on the tracked fluidized bed is described below:

[0045] Focused solar radiation passes through optical window 7 and irradiates the surface of the continuously moving particle bed 10 below in a vertical or oblique manner. Solid particles originating from a cold particle source are evenly distributed to the starting end of the mesh conveyor 9 via particle distributor 11. Accompanied by the slow movement of conveyor 9, particle bed 10 passes through the high-energy flow radiation zone at a uniform speed. At the same time, fluidizing gas introduced from the bottom fluidizes the particles, significantly enhancing the mixing and heat transfer between particles. Under the combined effect of "mechanical conveying + fluidizing disturbance", the residence time of particles in the radiation zone is controllable and sufficient, enabling uniform and efficient absorption of radiant energy. The high-temperature particles after heat absorption detach at the end of conveyor 9 and are discharged through the hot particle outlet, entering subsequent heat storage such as the hot particle storage tank 4, or a heat exchange system. After the fluidizing gas carries a small amount of fine particles out from the exhaust port 20 at the top of the shell, the particles can be recovered by cyclone separator 8 and returned to the bed.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] To further optimize the mixing uniformity of multi-component particles and suppress segregation during fluidization, the particle characteristics were first refined during implementation. Two main particle components were selected: Component A consisted of alumina-based ceramic particles (0.5–1.0 mm in diameter) coated with a selective absorption coating, exhibiting high absorptivity (0.9) in the ultraviolet-visible band (0.2–0.8 μm); Component B consisted of silicon carbide particles (0.8–1.2 mm in diameter) doped with metal oxides, exhibiting high absorptivity (0.85) in the near-infrared-infrared band (0.8–2.5 μm). The densities of the two particle types were adjusted to ensure similar terminal settling velocities in the fluidized state. Simultaneously, the mixing mass ratio was optimized (e.g., A:B = 3:7) to ensure complementary spectral absorption and thermophysical properties. The running speed of the track 9 and the fluidizing gas velocity are adjusted in conjunction with each other according to the mixing characteristics of the particles. For example, during irradiation enhancement, the track speed can be appropriately reduced to increase the residence time, while the fluidizing gas velocity is increased to enhance mixing and heat exchange, ensuring that the outlet particle temperature is stable at the set value (e.g., 950°C).

[0048] The receiver in this embodiment uses a traditional tower-type solid particle receiver. Its structure differs from the conveyor-type fluidized bed receiver provided in Embodiment 1 in that the bottom fluidizing gas system is eliminated, and the mesh conveyor belt is replaced with a conveyor belt made of solid heat-resistant alloy plates. This device is essentially a "moving bed" or "fixed bed" receiver that moves slowly within a closed cavity. The particles exchange heat on the solid conveyor belt solely through thermal conduction and limited natural convection. Traditional tower-type solid particle receivers suffer from the following problems during operation: focused solar radiation shines through the top quartz window onto the surface of the stationary or slowly moving particle bed. Due to the lack of forced disturbance from the bottom fluidizing gas, heat transfer from the surface to the deeper layers relies mainly on thermal conduction through point contact between particles, resulting in a slow heat transfer rate and high thermal resistance. This results in a huge temperature gradient in the radial and depth directions. Surface particles may overheat and sinter due to excessive absorption of radiation (for example, when the peak energy flux density is >800 kW / m², the surface temperature can reach 1200℃, while the temperature at a depth of 10cm may only be 600℃), while the bottom particles are not sufficiently heated. The overall photothermal conversion efficiency is low, with a large amount of energy lost in the form of reflection, re-radiation, and convection. The measured efficiency is usually less than 70%. The response to radiation fluctuations is sluggish. When the energy flux changes, it takes tens of minutes to re-establish a stable temperature field, and the outlet temperature fluctuates drastically (±60℃).

[0049] Compared to the tracked fluidized bed structure provided in Example 1, the comparative example provided in Example 2 clearly demonstrates that the introduction of fluidizing gas is key to solving the heat transfer bottleneck inside moving / fixed beds. The fluidizing gas in Example 1 not only causes vigorous particle movement, achieving rapid mixing similar to a fluid and effectively eliminating temperature gradients (controlling the axial and radial temperature difference within 20°C), but also significantly enhances the heat transfer process through gas-solid convection. Simultaneously, the tracked structure ensures controllable particle residence in the high-temperature zone, overcoming the problems of excessively wide particle residence time distribution and easy short-circuiting in pure fluidized beds. These two factors work synergistically to enable the absorber of this invention to operate stably at high energy flux densities, improve photothermal conversion efficiency, and significantly reduce outlet temperature fluctuations.

[0050] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed, characterized in that: The device includes a sealed housing, inside which is a tracked conveyor for controlling the speed of solid particle transport. The housing has an optical window for incident solar radiation. Below the housing is a fluidizing gas system that agitates the solid particles on the tracked conveyor by introducing an adjustable flow rate of fluidizing gas. The inlet end of the tracked conveyor is fed with cold solid particles, which absorb the incoming solar radiation uniformly under the disturbance of fluidizing gas, and the outlet end is output with heated solid particles.

2. The solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track conveyor includes a high-temperature resistant metal mesh track with fluidizing holes evenly distributed on the track surface. A particle bed is formed above the track, and solid particles are located on the particle bed.

3. The solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The track conveyor also includes a drive roller, a driven roller, and a tensioning mechanism. The track is wrapped around the drive roller and the driven roller, and the tension is adjusted by the tensioning mechanism. The drive roller is driven by an adjustable-speed motor.

4. The solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed according to claim 3, characterized in that: The housing is positioned on both sides of the track, and the housing is provided with an exhaust port, which is connected to a cyclone separator for recovering solid particles.

5. The solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pellet conveying pump and a pellet distributor are sequentially located at the inlet end of the track. The pellet distributor is a long strip-shaped material distributor with a vibration mechanism.

6. The solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid particles include at least one type of black ceramic particle with high absorption rate and one type of metal-based particle with high thermal conductivity.

7. The solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed according to claim 6, characterized in that: The black ceramic particles are selected from silicon carbide or chromite sand, and the metal-based particles are selected from iron-based particles coated with an anti-oxidation coating.

8. The solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluidized gas system includes, in sequence, a blower, a flow regulating valve at the outlet of the blower, a gas pipeline, and a fluidized gas chamber located at the bottom of the housing. A pressure sensor for measuring gas pressure is provided at the inlet of the gas pipeline into the fluidized gas chamber.

9. The solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical window is made of quartz glass with high light transmittance and thermal shock resistance.

10. The solid particle heat absorber based on a tracked fluidized bed according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The shell adopts a double-layer insulation structure, with the inner wall being a high-temperature resistant metal material, the outer wall being an insulation steel plate, and the middle being filled with high-performance ceramic fiber insulation material.

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