Off-axis newtonian large aperture collimator

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of optical instruments, disclose off-axis Newton type large aperture collimator, including base, the base is connected with a plurality of support components, support components support is located on the base main mirror room two, main mirror room one and secondary mirror room, main mirror room two, main mirror room one and secondary mirror room are connected in turn, one side of main mirror room one is connected with light guide tube, main mirror room two and main mirror room one are connected with support plate, support plate is provided with lens four and lens one, one side of light guide tube is provided with the adjusting seat connected with main mirror room one, the adjusting seat is connected with lens three, the present application can make the light path form the turning propagation path in the device, while meeting the arrangement requirement of the exit direction, reduce the axial length of the whole machine, at the same time, through the cooperation of support components, buffer pad, damping pad and auxiliary mechanism, main mirror room and optical element have good support stability and adjustment convenience in installation, fine adjustment and maintenance process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical instruments, and more particularly to off-axis Newtonian type large-diameter collimators. Background Technology

[0002] A collimator is an optical instrument primarily used to generate parallel light beams. It is an important tool for calibrating and adjusting optical instruments and a crucial component of optical measuring instruments. The collimator obtains a beam of light from infinity, which is called parallel light. It is an important tool for calibrating and adjusting optical instruments and a crucial component of optical measuring instruments. When used with different reticles, along with micrometer eyepieces or microscope systems, it can determine the focal length, resolution, and other imaging qualities of lens groups. By fixing the attached adjustable plane mirror to the moving workpiece being inspected, and observing through the Gaussian autocollimating eyepiece attached to the collimator, the straightness of the moving workpiece can be checked.

[0003] Existing collimators are commonly used to simulate parallel beams emitted from targets at infinity, playing a crucial role in the assembly, testing, and calibration of optical systems. For large-aperture, long-focal-length applications, transmissive collimators are easily limited by material chromatic aberration, while coaxial reflective collimators often suffer from central obstruction. Off-axis reflective collimators, although capable of reducing or eliminating central obstruction, typically face challenges such as long optical path structures, multiple assembly and adjustment references, inconvenient disassembly and maintenance, and high requirements for the positional accuracy of multiple reflective elements. Especially in scenarios requiring large apertures, folding arrangements, enclosed anti-interference measures, and on-site calibration, existing solutions often struggle to simultaneously achieve structural compactness, optical path stability, and ease of assembly and adjustment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of not being able to adequately meet operational requirements, this invention provides an off-axis Newtonian type large-diameter collimator.

[0005] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution: an off-axis Newtonian large-diameter collimator, comprising: a base, on which multiple support components are connected, the support components supporting a primary mirror chamber two, a primary mirror chamber one, and a secondary mirror chamber located on the base, the primary mirror chamber two, the primary mirror chamber one, and the secondary mirror chamber being connected in sequence, a light guide tube being connected to one side of the primary mirror chamber one, a support plate being connected between the primary mirror chamber two and the primary mirror chamber one, a lens four and a lens one being disposed on the support plate, an adjustment seat being disposed on one side of the light guide tube and connected to the primary mirror chamber one, a lens three being connected to the adjustment seat for reflecting light entering through the light guide tube, a lens two being connected to one side of the primary mirror chamber two, and an illumination mechanism being disposed on one side of the light guide tube and connected to the primary mirror chamber one, the illumination mechanism being connected to the base.

[0006] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the irradiation mechanism includes a pneumatic cylinder three fixedly connected to the base. The moving end of the pneumatic cylinder three is rotatably connected to a support sleeve. An integrating sphere is sleeved inside the support sleeve, and a symmetrically arranged irradiation tube is fixedly connected to one side of the integrating sphere. A movable plate is slidably sleeved inside the irradiation tube, and an irradiation lamp is fixedly connected to one side of the movable plate. A diffraction plate one and a diffraction plate two are arranged in the middle of the integrating sphere, and a movable tube is slidably sleeved to one side of the integrating sphere. The other end of the movable tube is sleeved with a light guide tube.

[0007] As a further improvement to the above solution, the support assembly includes multiple pneumatic cylinders II fixedly connected to the base. The moving end of the pneumatic cylinder II located below the primary mirror chamber II and the primary mirror chamber I is rotatably connected to a support base II. Multiple damping pads are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support base II, and the damping pads are connected to mounting sleeves. The mounting sleeves are fitted on the outside of the primary mirror chamber I and the primary mirror chamber II, and the light guide tube passes through the mounting sleeve on one side. The moving end of the pneumatic cylinder II located below the secondary mirror chamber is fixedly connected to a buffer pad. Multiple pneumatic cylinders I are connected to the buffer pads, and the moving end of the pneumatic cylinder I is fixedly connected to a support base I that is fitted into the secondary mirror chamber.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above scheme, a light shield is fitted onto one side of the secondary mirror chamber, and a light shield is connected to the outer side of the second lens.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the bottom of the base is connected to a shock-absorbing mechanism, and each integrating sphere includes two symmetrically arranged connecting discs with multiple connecting holes.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above scheme, an auxiliary mechanism is also connected between the primary lens chamber one and the primary lens chamber two. The auxiliary mechanism is used to adjust the position and angle of the first lens.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above solution, the auxiliary mechanism includes a connecting ring disposed in the main lens chamber 1. Multiple telescopic rods 2 are rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting ring and rotatably connected to the main lens chamber 1. A limiter is connected to one side of the telescopic rods 2, and a support plate is connected to the connecting ring through the limiter. A telescopic rod 3 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting ring. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the moving end of the telescopic rod 3. A telescopic rod 1 is rotatably connected to one side of the connecting plate, and a connecting pad that is bonded to a lens 1 is rotatably connected to the other end of the telescopic rod 1. A clamping sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the lens 1, and a flexible sleeve that is fixedly connected to the support plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the clamping sleeve.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above solution, the connecting pad is hollow and filled with gas. The connecting pad is made of rubber, and the connecting plate is provided with multiple fixing grooves for connecting with telescopic rod three and telescopic rod one.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above solution, the limiter includes a guide ball with an embedded groove, a lifting rod that is rotatably connected to the guide ball via a spring hinge in the embedded groove, a threaded post integrally formed on the lifting rod, a limiting ring threadedly fitted on one side of the threaded post, a movable post slidably fitted on one side of the threaded post, and a pull plate fixedly connected to the end of the movable post away from the threaded post, a restraint frame fixedly connected to the pull plate, a pull rope provided in the restraint frame, and the other end of the pull rope connected to the lifting rod.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above scheme, a fixed pulley for rope steering is provided inside the guide ball, and a sealing ring is threaded onto one side of the threaded column. Both the guide ball and the threaded column are hollow.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By distributing the irradiation mechanism, light guide tube, and multiple optical elements between the primary mirror chamber 1, the primary mirror chamber 2, and the secondary mirror chamber, the light path forms a zigzag propagation path inside the device. This reduces the axial length of the entire unit while meeting the requirements for the output direction arrangement. Furthermore, through the cooperation of support components, buffer pads, damping pads, and auxiliary mechanisms, the primary mirror chamber and optical elements have good support stability and ease of adjustment during installation, fine-tuning, and maintenance.

[0016] 2. By using a light shield and a closed chamber arrangement, the influence of external stray light and airflow disturbances on the propagation of the internal optical path is reduced. At the same time, the detachable connection of the limiter and auxiliary mechanism improves the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the support plate and related optical components, making maintenance and replacement easier. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front sectional view of Example 1; Figure 3 This is a partial front view structural diagram of the irradiation mechanism; Figure 4 This is a partial front view structural diagram of Example 3; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front sectional view of Example 3; Figure 6 Rear view structural diagram of the auxiliary mechanism; Figure 7 This is a left-side view diagram of the auxiliary mechanism; Figure 8 This is a front view structural diagram of the limiter.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 01. Base; 02. Irradiation tube; 03. Buffer pad; 04. Pneumatic cylinder one; 05. Support base one; 06. Light shield one; 07. Secondary mirror chamber; 08. Mounting sleeve; 09. Primary mirror chamber one; 11. Primary mirror chamber two; 12. Pneumatic cylinder two; 13. Damping pad; 14. Support base two; 16. Moving tube; 17. Pneumatic cylinder three; 18. Integrating sphere; 19. Light shield two; 20. Support plate; 21. Lens one; 22. Lens two; 23. Adjustment seat; 24. Lens three; 25. Light guide tube; 26. Lens 4; 30. Moving plate; 31. Illuminating lamp; 32. Diffraction plate one; 33. Diffraction plate two; 34. Support sleeve; 40. Flexible sleeve; 42. Limiter; 43. Telescopic rod one; 44. Connecting ring; 45. Telescopic rod two; 46. Connecting pad; 47. Connecting plate; 48. Telescopic rod three; 49. Clamping sleeve; 50. Guide ball; 51. Lifting rod; 52. Threaded column; 53. Sealing ring; 54. Limiting ring; 55. Moving column; 56. Pull-out plate; 57. Restraint frame; 58. Pull rope; 59. Embedded groove. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0020] Example 1, as Figures 1-3 As shown: An off-axis Newtonian collimator with a large aperture includes: a base 01, on which multiple support components are connected. These support components support primary mirror chamber 2 11, primary mirror chamber 1 09, and secondary mirror chamber 07 located on the base 01. Primary mirror chamber 2 11, primary mirror chamber 1 09, and secondary mirror chamber 07 are connected sequentially, allowing light to propagate through them to reduce external interference. The support components support primary mirror chamber 2 11, primary mirror chamber 1 09, and secondary mirror chamber 07, ensuring their angular and positional stability. A light guide tube 25 is connected to one side of primary mirror chamber 1 09. A support plate 20 connects primary mirror chamber 2 11 and primary mirror chamber 1 09. A fourth lens 26 and a first lens 21 are mounted on the support plate 20. The support plate 20 supports the fourth lens 26 and the first lens 21, ensuring their stable positions and guaranteeing [property stability]. To ensure the stability of the light path, an adjustment seat 23 connected to the main mirror chamber 09 is provided on one side of the light guide tube 25. A lens 24 is connected to the adjustment seat 23. The adjustment seat 23 is an existing mechanism that can be adjusted in angle and height, thereby adjusting the position of the lens 24. The lens 24 can also be moved at a certain position on the moving end of the adjustment seat 23 to achieve diversified adjustment, ensuring that the light passes stably through the lens 26 and is subsequently transmitted. The lens 24 is used to reflect the light entering through the light guide tube 25. A lens 22 is connected to one side of the main mirror chamber 11. An illumination mechanism connected to the main mirror chamber 09 is provided on one side of the light guide tube 25. The illumination mechanism is connected to the base 01. The lens 22 reflects the light again, so that the light in the illumination mechanism can be transmitted accordingly, achieving stable light transmission.

[0021] The irradiation mechanism includes a pneumatic cylinder 17 fixedly connected to a base 01. A support sleeve 34 is rotatably connected to the moving end of the pneumatic cylinder 17. An integrating sphere 18 is fitted inside the support sleeve 34, and symmetrically arranged irradiation tubes 02 are fixedly connected to one side of the integrating sphere 18. A movable plate 30 is slidably fitted inside the irradiation tubes 02, and an irradiation lamp 31 is fixedly connected to one side of the movable plate 30. A diffraction plate 32 and a diffraction plate 33 are arranged in the middle of the integrating sphere 18, and a movable tube 1 is slidably fitted to one side of the integrating sphere 18. 6. The other end of the moving tube 16 is connected to the light guide tube 25. The moving plate 30 can move in the irradiation tube 02, thereby driving the irradiation lamp 31 to move so that the light emitted by it can enter the corresponding position. The light emitted by the two irradiation lamps 31 enters the light guide tube 25 from the moving tube 16 after being diffracted by the first diffraction plate 32 and the second diffraction plate 33. It is further reflected and transmitted through the third lens 24. The third pneumatic cylinder 17 drives the support sleeve 34 to move, thereby adjusting the position of the integrating sphere 18.

[0022] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: When an infinite distance light source is required, the pneumatic cylinder 17 can be adjusted to make the integrating sphere 18 reach the specified height. Then, the moving cylinder 16 is pulled to connect it to the light guide tube 25. Then, the power is turned on, and the illumination lamp 31 generates light. After diffraction by the diffraction plate 32 and the diffraction plate 33, the light is irradiated onto the lens 24 by the moving cylinder 16 and the light guide tube 25. The light is then reflected by the lens 24, the lens 26, the lens 22, the lens 21, etc. Finally, the light is irradiated out through the secondary mirror chamber 07 to achieve the required light. At the same time, the irradiation work is completed.

[0023] Among them, lens 1 21, lens 2 22, lens 3 24 and lens 4 26 are all reflective optical elements. Lens 3 24 serves as the first deflecting reflective element and is positioned at a preset angle to the incident light path to deflect the light beam input from the light guide tube 25 to the area where the support plate 20 is located. Lens 4 26 serves as the second deflecting reflective element and guides the light beam after the first deflection to the main mirror chamber 2 11. Lens 2 22 serves as the main reflective element and performs primary reflection on the incident light beam, causing the reflected light beam to propagate toward the secondary mirror chamber 07. Lens 1 21 serves as the secondary reflection or correction reflective element and performs secondary reflection or correction on the light beam reflected by the main reflective element, so that the light beam exiting through the secondary mirror chamber 07 meets the preset collimation requirements. The reflective surface shape, mounting angle, and relative spacing of lenses 21 to 26 are determined according to the target aperture, target focal length, and wavefront error requirements. Adjustment is performed via the adjusting seat 23 and auxiliary mechanisms. The light output from the irradiation mechanism is first homogenized by the integrating sphere 18, then forms a pre-processed beam through a light-limiting aperture or collimating pre-stage assembly located on the light-emitting side of the integrating sphere 18. This pre-processed beam enters the light guide tube 25 and is reflected sequentially by lenses 24, 26, 22, and 21, finally exiting from the secondary mirror chamber 07 to form a parallel beam. To ensure collimation, lens 22 is selected as a concave reflective surface, lens 3 as a folded plane reflective surface, and lenses 21 and 26 are selected as plane reflective surfaces or low-light power correction surfaces according to aberration correction requirements.

[0024] Example 2, combined with Figures 1-3 This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 1, further described in the following aspects: The support assembly includes multiple pneumatic cylinders 12 fixedly connected to the base 01. The moving ends of the pneumatic cylinders 12, located below the main mirror chamber 11 and the main mirror chamber 09, are rotatably connected to a support base 14. The extension and retraction of the output ends of the pneumatic cylinders 12 drive the movement of the support base 14, thereby adjusting the height of the support base 14, i.e., adjusting the position of the entire main mirror chamber 11 and the main mirror chamber 09. Multiple damping pads 13 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support base 14, and each damping pad 13 is connected to a mounting sleeve 08. The mounting sleeve 08 allows for the adjustment of the damping pads 13 with respect to the main mirror chamber 11 or the main mirror chamber 09. The connection and damping pad 13 provide buffering and shock absorption to reduce external interference. The mounting sleeve 08 is fitted on the outside of the primary mirror chamber 1 09 and the primary mirror chamber 2 11, and the light guide tube 25 passes through the mounting sleeve 08 on one side. The moving end of the pneumatic cylinder 2 12 located below the secondary mirror chamber 07 is fixedly connected to the buffer pad 03. Multiple pneumatic cylinders 1 04 are connected to the buffer pad 03, and the moving end of the pneumatic cylinder 1 04 is fixedly connected to the support seat 1 05 that is fitted into the secondary mirror chamber 07. Secondary adjustment is performed through the pneumatic cylinder 1 04, and buffering is provided by the buffer pad 03 to ensure the stability of the secondary mirror chamber 07, reduce its deformation, and ensure the transmission of light.

[0025] A light shield 06 is fitted onto one side of the secondary mirror chamber 07, and a light shield 19 is connected to the outside of the lens 22. Both the light shield 06 and the light shield 19 provide light protection when protection is needed, thereby ensuring the safety of the entire device.

[0026] The bottom of the base 01 is connected to a damping mechanism for shock absorption. Each integrating sphere 18 includes two symmetrically arranged connecting discs with multiple connecting holes. The damping mechanism can further buffer the vibration, ensuring the stable operation of the entire device and reducing the impact of vibration. The two connecting discs facilitate the connection of each cylinder, making the operation convenient.

[0027] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: When adjustment is required, the extension and retraction of the output end of the pneumatic cylinder 12 will drive the movement of the support base 14, thereby realizing the adjustment of the height of the support base 14, that is, the adjustment of the position of the entire primary mirror chamber 11 and primary mirror chamber 09. The damping pad 13 buffers and reduces shock to reduce external interference. At the secondary mirror chamber 07, the pneumatic cylinder 04 makes secondary adjustment, and the buffer pad 03 buffers the light to ensure the stability of the secondary mirror chamber 07, reduce its deformation, and ensure the transmission of light.

[0028] Example 3, combined with Figures 1-7 This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 1, further described in the following aspects: An auxiliary mechanism is also connected between the primary lens chamber 109 and the primary lens chamber 21. The auxiliary mechanism is used to adjust the position and angle of the lens 121. The position of the lens can be adjusted through the auxiliary mechanism, thereby changing the path of light and adapting to different adjustment tasks.

[0029] The auxiliary mechanism includes a connecting ring 44 housed within the main lens chamber 1 09. Multiple telescopic rods 2 45, rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting ring 44 and rotatably connected to the main lens chamber 1 09, are connected to one side of each telescopic rod 2 45. A limiter 42 is connected to one side of each telescopic rod 2 45, and a support plate 20 is connected to the connecting ring 44 via the limiter 42. Adjustment of the multiple telescopic rods 2 45 allows for adjustment of the angle and position of the connecting ring 44, which, in conjunction with the corresponding limiter 42, drives the support plate 20 to adjust its angle and position, thus adjusting lens 4 26 and lens 1 21 to ensure the smooth execution of the operation. A telescopic rod 3 48 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting ring 44. A connecting plate 47 is fixedly connected to the moving end of the telescopic rod 3 48. A telescopic rod 1 43 is rotatably connected to one side of the connecting plate 47, and... The other end of the telescopic rod 43 is rotatably connected to a connecting pad 46 that is bonded to the lens 21. Through the adjustment of the telescopic rod 48 and the telescopic rod 43, and in conjunction with the transmission of the corresponding connecting pad 46, the angle and position of the lens 21 can be finely adjusted to accommodate the aforementioned large range of adjustments. A clamping sleeve 49 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the lens 21. A flexible sleeve 40 fixedly connected to the support plate 20 is fixedly connected to the outside of the clamping sleeve 49. Therefore, the clamping sleeve 49 can clamp the support plate 20, reducing local stress, so that the deformation of the support plate 20 will not weaken or deviate the optical performance of the lens 21. The flexible sleeve 40 is made of flexible material to block light and constrain the clamping sleeve 49 to adjust within a limited range.

[0030] The connecting pad 46 is hollow and filled with gas. The connecting pad 46 is made of rubber. The connecting plate 47 is provided with multiple fixing grooves for connecting with the telescopic rod 3 48 and the telescopic rod 1 43. By using the hollow connecting pad 46 filled with high-pressure gas, the single-point compression of the lens 1 21 can be reduced, thereby reducing excessive deformation of some parts of the lens 1 21 and ensuring the stability and accuracy of light transmission.

[0031] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: During operation, the angle and position of the connecting ring 44 can be adjusted by adjusting the output end of the telescopic rod 45. This, in conjunction with the corresponding limiter 42, drives the support plate 20 to adjust its angle and position, thereby adjusting the lens 26 and the lens 21 to ensure the execution of the work. Furthermore, through the adjustment of the telescopic rod 48 and the telescopic rod 43, and with the transmission of the corresponding connecting pad 46, the angle and position of the lens 21 can be finely adjusted to accommodate the aforementioned large range of adjustments, thus adapting to the needs of different light rays passing through.

[0032] Example 4, combined with Figures 1-8 This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 3, further described in the following aspects: The limiting device 42 includes a guide ball 50 with an insertion groove 59. A lifting rod 51, rotatably connected to the guide ball 50 via a spring hinge, is disposed within the insertion groove 59. A threaded post 52 is integrally formed on the lifting rod 51. The lifting rod 51 is rotatably connected to the guide ball 50 via a spring hinge and always tends to be inserted into the insertion groove 59, facilitating the passage of the guide ball 50 and the threaded post 52 through corresponding holes. A limiting ring 54 is threaded onto one side of the threaded post 52, and a movable post 55 is slidably fitted onto one side of the threaded post 52. The movable post 55 can slide within the threaded post 52, adapting to the placement of the pull plate 56 and the restraint frame 57 in different spaces, and accommodating multiple corners or... The irregularly shaped position of the movable column 55, with a pull plate 56 fixedly connected to the end away from the threaded column 52, and a restraint frame 57 fixedly connected to the pull plate 56, with a pull rope 58 installed inside the restraint frame 57. The other end of the pull rope 58 is connected to the lifting rod 51. Pulling the pull rope 58 can unfold the lifting rod 51, thus facilitating subsequent locking. After the guide ball 50 and the threaded column 52 pass through the hole, the limiting ring 54 rotates, reducing the gap between the limiting ring 54 and the lifting rod 51, thereby achieving fixation. When needed, by loosening the limiting ring 54 and pulling the pull rope 58, the lifting rod 51 is disturbed, so that it returns to its original position under the action of the spring hinge.

[0033] The guide ball 50 is equipped with a fixed pulley for turning the pull rope 58. A sealing ring 53 is threaded onto one side of the threaded column 52. Both the guide ball 50 and the threaded column 52 are hollow. The fixed pulley can turn the pull rope 58, reducing the friction of pulling. The hollow guide ball 50 and the threaded column 52 facilitate the movement of the corresponding pull rope 58.

[0034] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: When installation is required, after the guide ball 50 and threaded post 52 are passed through the hole, the limiting ring 54 rotates and the pull rope 58 is pulled simultaneously, causing the lifting rod 51 to lift up, thus reducing the distance between the limiting ring 54 and the lifting rod 51. During the continuous movement of the limiting ring 54, the lifting rod 51 and the limiting ring 54 are pressed and clamped against the corresponding connecting ring 44, thereby achieving rapid fixation of the support plate 20 and the connecting ring 44. When needed, by loosening the limiting ring 54 and pulling the pull rope 58, the lifting rod 51 is disturbed, so that under the action of the spring hinge, the lifting rod 51 returns to its original position, allowing the guide ball 50 and threaded post 52 to pass through the hole, achieving rapid disassembly and replacement.

[0035] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An off-axis Newtonian type large-diameter collimator, characterized in that, include: A base (01) is provided, on which multiple support components are connected. The support components support a primary mirror chamber 2 (11), a primary mirror chamber 1 (09), and a secondary mirror chamber (07) located on the base (01). The primary mirror chamber 2 (11), the primary mirror chamber 1 (09), and the secondary mirror chamber (07) are connected in sequence. A light guide tube (25) is connected to one side of the primary mirror chamber 1 (09). A support plate (20) is connected between the primary mirror chamber 2 (11) and the primary mirror chamber 1 (09). The light guide tube (25) is provided with a lens four (26) and a lens one (21). An adjustment seat (23) connected to the main mirror chamber one (09) is provided on one side of the light guide tube (25). A lens three (24) is connected to the adjustment seat (23) for reflecting the light entering through the light guide tube (25). A lens two (22) is connected to one side of the main mirror chamber two (11). An illumination mechanism connected to the main mirror chamber one (09) is provided on one side of the light guide tube (25). The illumination mechanism is connected to the base (01).

2. The off-axis Newtonian large-diameter collimator as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The irradiation mechanism includes a pneumatic cylinder three (17) fixedly connected to the base (01). The moving end of the pneumatic cylinder three (17) is rotatably connected to a support sleeve (34). An integrating sphere (18) is sleeved inside the support sleeve (34). An irradiation tube (02) is fixedly connected to one side of the integrating sphere (18). A moving plate (30) is slidably sleeved inside the irradiation tube (02). An irradiation lamp (31) is fixedly connected to one side of the moving plate (30). A diffraction plate one (32) and a diffraction plate two (33) are arranged in the middle of the integrating sphere (18). A moving tube (16) is slidably sleeved to one side of the integrating sphere (18). The other end of the moving tube (16) is sleeved with a light guide tube (25).

3. The off-axis Newtonian large-diameter collimator as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support assembly includes multiple pneumatic cylinders 2 (12) fixedly connected to the base (01). The moving end of the pneumatic cylinder 2 (12) located below the main mirror chamber 2 (11) and the main mirror chamber 1 (09) is rotatably connected to the support seat 2 (14). Multiple damping pads (13) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support seat 2 (14), and the damping pads (13) are connected to the mounting sleeves (08). The mounting sleeves (08) are sleeved on the outside of the main mirror chamber 1 (09) and the main mirror chamber 2 (11), and the light guide tube (25) passes through the mounting sleeves (08) on one side. The moving end of the pneumatic cylinder 2 (12) located below the secondary mirror chamber (07) is fixedly connected to the buffer pad (03). Multiple pneumatic cylinders 1 (04) are connected to the buffer pads (03), and the moving end of the pneumatic cylinders 1 (04) is fixedly connected to the support seat 1 (05) sleeved with the secondary mirror chamber (07).

4. The off-axis Newtonian large-diameter collimator as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A light shield (06) is fitted onto one side of the secondary mirror chamber (07), and a light shield (19) is connected to the outer side of the lens (22).

5. The off-axis Newtonian large-diameter collimator as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The base (01) is connected to a shock-absorbing buffer mechanism at its bottom. Each integrating sphere (18) includes two symmetrically arranged connecting discs with multiple connecting holes.

6. The off-axis Newtonian large-diameter collimator as described in claim 5, characterized in that, An auxiliary mechanism is also connected between the first main mirror chamber (09) and the second main mirror chamber (11), which is used to adjust the position and angle of the first lens (21).

7. The off-axis Newtonian large-diameter collimator as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The auxiliary mechanism includes a connecting ring (44) disposed in the main lens chamber (09). Multiple telescopic rods (45) are rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting ring (44) and are rotatably connected to the main lens chamber (09). A limiter (42) is connected to one side of the telescopic rod (45), and the support plate (20) is connected to the connecting ring (44) through the limiter (42). A telescopic rod (48) is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting ring (44). A connecting plate (47) is fixedly connected to the moving end of the telescopic rod (48). A telescopic rod (43) is rotatably connected to one side of the connecting plate (47), and a connecting pad (46) bonded to the lens (21) is rotatably connected to the other end of the telescopic rod (43). A clamping sleeve (49) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the lens (21), and a flexible sleeve (40) fixedly connected to the support plate (20) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the clamping sleeve (49).

8. The off-axis Newtonian large-diameter collimator as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The connecting pad (46) is hollow and filled with gas. The connecting pad (46) is made of rubber. The connecting plate (47) is provided with multiple fixing grooves for connecting with the telescopic rod three (48) and the telescopic rod one (43).

9. The off-axis Newtonian large-diameter collimator as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The limiting device (42) includes a guide ball (50) with an embedded groove (59). A lifting rod (51) is provided in the embedded groove (59) and is rotatably connected to the guide ball (50) via a spring hinge. A threaded post (52) is integrally formed on the lifting rod (51). A limiting ring (54) is threaded onto one side of the threaded post (52). A movable post (55) is slidably sleeved onto one side of the threaded post (52). A pull plate (56) is fixedly connected to one end of the movable post (55) away from the threaded post (52). A restraint frame (57) is fixedly connected to the pull plate (56). A pull rope (58) is provided in the restraint frame (57). The other end of the pull rope (58) is connected to the lifting rod (51).

10. The off-axis Newtonian large-diameter collimator as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The guide ball (50) is provided with a fixed pulley for turning the rope (58), and a sealing ring (53) is threaded onto one side of the threaded column (52). Both the guide ball (50) and the threaded column (52) are hollow.

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