High wear-resistant self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing retainer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a high-wear-resistance self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing retainer, which comprises a retainer body and a microcapsule wear-resistant lubricating coating coated on all surfaces of the retainer body; the retainer body is made by multiple times of impregnation, solidification and molding processing of plain cotton cloth with alcohol-soluble linear phenolic resin; the microcapsule wear-resistant lubricating coating is made by mixing film-forming resin, lubricating oil microcapsules, wear-resistant fillers and diluents; the lubricating oil microcapsules are core-shell structure microcapsules with urea-formaldehyde resin coated lubricating oil, and the graphene oxide has a diameter of 1-5 mu m and a thickness of 2-3 nm. In view of the defects of the prior art, the application provides a high-wear-resistance self-lubricating long-service-life high-speed ball bearing retainer with higher strength and stronger stability and a preparation method thereof.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing cages, and in particular to a high wear-resistant, self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing cage and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed ball bearings, as precision transmission components, are widely used in aerospace, precision machine tools, high-speed motors, and other fields. The cage is a core component, playing a crucial role in isolating the rolling elements, guiding their movement, and uniformly distributing lubricant. Under high-speed operating conditions, the cage generates high-frequency friction, impact, and alternating loads with the rolling elements and the inner and outer rings. This places stringent requirements on the self-lubricating ability, surface wear resistance, and structural stability of the cage material. The phenolic resin-reinforced fabric cage commonly used in existing technologies has advantages such as light weight, high strength, low centrifugal force, low noise, and low cost, and is widely used in high-speed bearings. However, under high-speed and high-load conditions, the friction areas such as the pockets and guide surfaces suffer severe wear, easily leading to surface scratches, peeling, and jamming. This results in increased bearing vibration, increased frictional torque, decreased operating accuracy, and even premature failure.

[0003] To improve the friction and wear performance of phenolic resin cages, existing technologies mainly involve introducing lubricating oil microcapsules into the cage matrix. The lubricating oil is released after the matrix wears down, achieving self-lubrication. For example, existing technology (such as CN110453503A) discloses a method of directly mixing lubricating oil microcapsules into a phenolic resin impregnation liquid, dispersing the microcapsules within the cage body. The lubricating oil is released through matrix wear, enhancing self-lubrication. However, existing technologies suffer from several drawbacks. The large amount of microcapsules mixed into the matrix material significantly reduces the structural strength and thermal stability of the cage body. Under high-speed centrifugal force and impact loads, the matrix is ​​prone to cracking and deformation. Furthermore, since the microcapsules are distributed throughout the material, the released lubricating oil film is difficult to concentrate on the friction contact surface, resulting in insufficient surface wear resistance and failing to meet the requirements for high wear resistance and long service life under high-speed operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-wear-resistant, self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing cage with higher strength and stability, and a method for its preparation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a high wear-resistant self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing cage, comprising a cage body and a microcapsule wear-resistant lubricating coating coated on all surfaces of the cage body; the cage body is made of plain weave cotton cloth through multiple impregnation, curing, and molding processes with alcohol-soluble linear phenolic resin; the microcapsule wear-resistant lubricating coating is made of a mixture of film-forming resin, lubricating oil microcapsules, wear-resistant filler, and diluent, wherein the lubricating oil microcapsules are core-shell structured microcapsules of lubricating oil encapsulated with urea-formaldehyde resin, and the graphene oxide is used with a sheet diameter of 1-5 μm and a thickness of 2-3 nm.

[0006] Furthermore, the mass percentage of each component in the microcapsule wear-resistant lubricating coating is as follows: film-forming resin 30-50%, lubricating oil microcapsules 20-40%, wear-resistant filler 5-15%, and diluent 10-20%; Furthermore, the film-forming resin is a thermosetting resin material, such as phenolic resin, epoxy resin, PEEK, etc.

[0007] Furthermore, the lubricating oil microcapsules are composed of resin and liquid lubricant, wherein the resin is urea-formaldehyde or phenolic resin, and the liquid lubricant is mineral oil, synthetic oil, or ionic liquid.

[0008] Furthermore, the wear-resistant filler can be a friction-reducing lubricant such as graphene, molybdenum disulfide, or polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0009] Furthermore, the diluent is mainly an alcohol or ketone organic solvent, and a certain amount of dispersant is added to the solvent to ensure that the graphene is uniformly dispersed in the solution.

[0010] Furthermore, the coating thickness of the microcapsule wear-resistant lubricating coating is 30-80 μm, and it uniformly covers the outer surface of the cage body, the inner surface of the pocket, and the end face.

[0011] Furthermore, the plain weave cotton fabric has a warp and weft yarn count of 60-80, a warp yarn density of 30.3±6 yarns / cm, and a weft yarn density of 31.8±6 yarns / cm; the alcohol-soluble linear phenolic resin has a solid content of 60-80wt%, and the phenolic resin impregnation content in the cage body is 30-50wt%.

[0012] The advantages of the above technical solution are as follows: Using pure phenolic resin-reinforced fabric as the cage body ensures high strength, high stability, and good processing precision. A 30-80 μm thick microcapsule wear-resistant lubricating coating is uniformly applied to all friction surfaces of the cage. This coating uses epoxy resin as the film-forming resin, 20-40% urea-formaldehyde resin to encapsulate mineral lubricating oil microcapsules for long-lasting self-lubrication, and 5-15% graphene oxide with a diameter of 1-5 μm and a thickness of 2-3 nm as the wear-resistant and friction-reducing reinforcing phase. This ensures a dense, firm coating with strong adhesion, high hardness, and excellent wear resistance. When the bearing's internal lubrication is at the boundary or in a lean lubrication state, the microcapsule shells on the cage surface rupture, allowing the internal lubricating oil to be precisely released to the friction interface, achieving supplementary lubrication. Furthermore, the graphene friction-reducing agent composited on the cage surface further reduces the coefficient of friction on the lubrication surface. The low friction, high wear resistance, and strong stability of the cage surface ensure the outstanding advantages of low torque and long bearing life.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for preparing a high wear-resistant, self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing cage, characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1: Preparation of cage blank: First, cut plain cotton fabric to the preset size, place it in a pure alcohol-soluble linear phenolic resin solution for vacuum impregnation, take it out and pre-dry, hot press and roll it into shape, high temperature curing and oil impregnation treatment to obtain phenolic fabric-insulated tube blank; Step 2: Machining the cage body: The phenolic fabric-reinforced tube blank is machined by CNC rough turning, fine turning and drilling to obtain the cage body of the preset size. After ultrasonic cleaning and drying, it is ready for use. Step 3: Preparation of microcapsule wear-resistant coating slurry: Weigh epoxy resin and diluent according to the mass percentage, mix and stir, add wear-resistant filler and disperse at high speed, then add lubricating oil microcapsules and stir at low speed to obtain a uniform coating slurry; Step 4: Electrostatic spraying coating: The microcapsule wear-resistant coating slurry is evenly sprayed onto all surfaces of the cage body using an electrostatic spraying process. After leveling and curing, the finished high wear-resistant self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing cage is obtained.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 1, the vacuum impregnation process involves a vacuum degree of -0.08 to -0.1 MPa, a temperature of 60 to 80°C, and a time of 30 to 60 min; the pre-drying temperature is 100 to 120°C, and the time is 1 to 2 h; the hot-pressing temperature is 120 to 140°C, the pressure is 700 to 800 N, and the speed is 5 to 8 m / min; and the high-temperature curing temperature is 120 to 140°C, and the time is 3 to 5 h.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 2, the pocket size accuracy of the cage body is ±0.01mm, and the surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm; the drying temperature after ultrasonic cleaning is 80~100℃, and the time is 1h.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 3, the high-speed dispersion speed is 1500-2000 r / min, and the time is 30-40 min; the low-speed stirring speed is 300-500 r / min, and the time is 10-15 min.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 4, the electrostatic spraying voltage is 30-50kV, the spraying distance is 15-30cm, the spraying ambient temperature is 20-30℃, and the relative humidity is ≤60%; the leveling temperature is 60-80℃, and the time is 30min; the curing temperature is 120-150℃, and the time is 2-3h.

[0018] The advantages of the above technical solution are as follows: The process of preparing the body and coating in steps involves first preparing a pure phenolic resin-reinforced fabric blank using precise parameters for vacuum impregnation, hot pressing, and high-temperature curing. This ensures a dense structure, high strength, and dimensional stability. Then, CNC precision machining yields a cage body with high dimensional accuracy and low surface roughness. Ultrasonic cleaning ensures surface cleanliness and excellent coating adhesion. Finally, the coating slurry is prepared by first dispersing graphene oxide at high speed and then mixing it into microcapsules at low speed. This ensures uniform dispersion of the friction-reducing and wear-resistant filler, enhancing its friction-reducing and wear-resistant effects, while preventing premature breakage of the microcapsules during coating slurry preparation and ensuring oil storage and slow-release properties. Finally, electrostatic spraying achieves uniform coverage of the entire cage surface. Combined with precise leveling and curing parameters, the cage surface coating is uniform, dense, and robust. The resulting cage exhibits high strength, good wear resistance, and a low surface friction coefficient. When used with high-temperature, high-speed ball bearings, it enables the bearing to achieve beneficial effects such as low torque, low temperature rise, and long service life. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0020] Embodiment 1 of the present invention is a high wear-resistant self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing cage. Figure 1-2 As shown: It includes a cage body and a microcapsule wear-resistant coating. The cage body is made of 60-count cotton fabric with a warp density of 30.3±6 threads / cm and a weft density of 31.8±6 threads / cm. The alcohol-soluble linear phenolic resin has a solid content of 60wt%. The microcapsule wear-resistant coating has a thickness of 30μm and is made of 30wt% epoxy resin, 20wt% urea-formaldehyde resin with a particle size of 5μm encapsulating lubricating oil microcapsules, 5wt% graphene oxide with a particle size of 1-5μm and a thickness of 2-3nm, and 20wt% diluent.

[0021] Its preparation method is as follows: Step 1: After cutting the plain weave cotton fabric, vacuum impregnate it with phenolic resin at -0.08 MPa and 60℃ for 30 minutes, pre-dry it at 100℃ for 2 hours, control the rolling temperature at 120℃, the rolling pressure at 700N, and the rolling speed at 5m / min. High-temperature curing is performed at 120℃ for 3 hours. Then, it undergoes an oil impregnation treatment for 12 hours to prevent moisture from entering and maintain dimensional stability.

[0022] Step 2: After precision machining of the blank, ultrasonic cleaning is performed, and it is dried at 80℃ for 1 hour to obtain the cage body; Step 3: Mix epoxy resin, diluent, and graphene oxide in proportion, disperse at 1500 r / min for 40 min, add lubricating oil microcapsules and stir at 300 r / min for 15 min to obtain coating slurry; Step 4: Electrostatic spraying at 30kV voltage and 15cm distance, leveling at 60℃ for 30min, curing at 120℃ for 3h to obtain the finished product.

[0023] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a high wear-resistant, self-lubricating, high-speed ball bearing cage. Figure 1-2 As shown: It includes a cage body and a microcapsule abrasion-resistant coating. The cage body is made of 70-count cotton fabric with a warp density of 30.3±6 threads / cm and a weft density of 31.8±6 threads / cm. The alcohol-soluble linear phenolic resin has a solid content of 70wt%. The microcapsule abrasion-resistant coating has a thickness of 50μm and is composed of 40wt% epoxy resin, 30wt% urea-formaldehyde resin with a particle size of 10μm encapsulating lubricating oil microcapsules, 10wt% flakes with a diameter of 1-5μm and a thickness of 2-3nm, and 15wt% diluent.

[0024] Its preparation method is as follows: Step 1: After cutting the plain weave cotton fabric, vacuum impregnate it with phenolic resin at -0.09 MPa and 60℃ for 30 minutes, pre-dry it at 100℃ for 2 hours, control the rolling temperature at 130℃, the rolling pressure at 750N, and the rolling speed at 5m / min. High-temperature curing is performed at 130℃ for 4 hours. Then, it undergoes an oil impregnation treatment for 12 hours to prevent moisture from entering and maintain dimensional stability.

[0025] Step 2: After precision machining of the blank, ultrasonic cleaning is performed, and it is dried at 90℃ for 1 hour to obtain the cage body; Step 3: Mix epoxy resin, diluent, and graphene oxide in proportion, disperse at 1800 r / min for 35 min, add lubricating oil microcapsules and stir at 400 r / min for 12 min to obtain coating slurry; Step 4: Electrostatic spraying at 40kV voltage and 20cm distance, leveling at 70℃ for 30min, curing at 130℃ for 2.5h to obtain the finished product.

[0026] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a high wear-resistant, self-lubricating, high-speed ball bearing cage. Figure 1-2 As shown: A high-wear-resistant, self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing cage. The cage body is made of cotton fabric with a yarn count of 80, a warp density of 30.3±6 threads / cm, and a weft density of 31.8±6 threads / cm. The alcohol-soluble linear phenolic resin has a solid content of 80wt%, and the microcapsule wear-resistant coating has a thickness of 80μm. It is made of 50wt% epoxy resin, 40wt% urea-formaldehyde resin with a particle size of 20μm encapsulating lubricating oil microcapsules, 15wt% flakes with a diameter of 1-5μm and a thickness of 2-3nm, and 10wt% diluent.

[0027] Its preparation method is as follows: Step 1: After cutting the plain weave cotton fabric, vacuum impregnate it with phenolic resin at -0.10 MPa and 60℃ for 30 minutes, pre-dry it at 100℃ for 2 hours, control the rolling temperature at 140℃, the rolling pressure at 800N, and the rolling speed at 5m / min. High-temperature curing is performed at 140℃ for 5 hours. Then, it undergoes an oil impregnation treatment for 12 hours to prevent moisture from entering and maintain dimensional stability.

[0028] Step 2: After precision machining of the blank, ultrasonic cleaning is performed, and it is dried at 100℃ for 1 hour to obtain the cage body; Step 3: Mix epoxy resin, diluent, and graphene oxide in proportion, disperse at 2000 r / min for 30 min, add lubricating oil microcapsules and stir at 500 r / min for 10 min to obtain coating slurry; Step 4: Electrostatic spraying at 50kV voltage and 30cm distance, leveling at 80℃ for 30min, curing at 150℃ for 2h to obtain the finished product.

[0029] The performance of the finished products from Examples 1-3 above was tested, and the test results are shown in the table below:

[0030] The above examples are merely one preferred embodiment of the present invention. Ordinary variations and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention are all included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high wear-resistant, self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing cage, comprising a cage body, characterized in that: It also includes a microcapsule wear-resistant and lubricating coating applied to all surfaces of the cage body; The cage body is made of plain cotton cloth through multiple impregnation, curing and molding processes with alcohol-soluble linear phenolic resin; the microcapsule wear-resistant lubricating coating is made of film-forming resin, lubricating oil microcapsules, wear-resistant filler graphene oxide and diluent, wherein the lubricating oil microcapsules are core-shell structure microcapsules of lubricating oil coated with urea-formaldehyde resin, and the graphene oxide has a sheet diameter of 1-5μm and a thickness of 2-3nm.

2. The high wear-resistant self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing cage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass percentages of each component in the microcapsule wear-resistant lubricating coating are as follows: film-forming resin 30-50%, lubricating oil microcapsules 20-40%, wear-resistant filler 5-15%, and diluent 10-20%.

3. The high wear-resistant self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing cage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The film-forming resin is a thermosetting resin material.

4. The high wear-resistant, self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing cage according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The microcapsule wear-resistant and lubricating coating has a thickness of 30–80 μm and is uniformly applied to the outer surface of the cage body, the inner surface of the pocket, and the end face.

5. The high wear-resistant self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing cage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plain weave cotton fabric has a warp and weft yarn count of 60-80, a warp yarn density of 30.3±6 yarns / cm, and a weft yarn density of 31.8±6 yarns / cm; the alcohol-soluble linear phenolic resin has a solid content of 60-80wt%, and the phenolic resin impregnation content in the cage body is 30-50wt%.

6. A method for preparing a high wear-resistant, self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing cage as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparation of cage blank: First, cut plain cotton fabric to the preset size, place it in a pure alcohol-soluble linear phenolic resin solution for vacuum impregnation, take it out and pre-dry, hot press and roll it into shape, high temperature curing and oil impregnation treatment to obtain phenolic fabric-insulated tube blank; Step 2: Machining the cage body: The phenolic fabric-reinforced tube blank is machined by CNC rough turning, fine turning and drilling to obtain the cage body of the preset size. After ultrasonic cleaning and drying, it is ready for use. Step 3: Preparation of microcapsule wear-resistant coating slurry: Weigh the phenolic resin film-forming agent and diluent according to the mass percentage, mix and stir, add wear-resistant filler and disperse at high speed, then add lubricating oil microcapsules and stir at low speed to obtain a uniform coating slurry; Step 4: Electrostatic spraying coating: The microcapsule wear-resistant coating slurry is evenly sprayed onto all surfaces of the cage body using an electrostatic spraying process. After leveling and curing, the finished high wear-resistant self-lubricating high-speed ball bearing cage is obtained.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 1, the vacuum impregnation temperature is -0.08 to -0.1 MPa, the temperature is 60 to 80°C, and the time is 30 to 60 min; the pre-drying temperature is 100 to 120°C, and the time is 1 to 2 h; the hot pressing temperature is 120 to 140°C, the pressure is 700 to 800 N, and the speed is 5 to 8 m / min; the high-temperature curing temperature is 120 to 140°C, and the time is 3 to 5 h.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 2, the pocket size accuracy of the cage body is ±0.01mm, and the surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm; the drying temperature after ultrasonic cleaning is 80~100℃, and the time is 1h.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 3, the high-speed dispersion speed is 1500-2000 r / min and the time is 30-40 min; the low-speed stirring speed is 300-500 r / min and the time is 10-15 min.

10. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 4, the electrostatic spraying voltage is 30-50kV, the spraying distance is 15-30cm, the spraying ambient temperature is 20-30℃, and the relative humidity is ≤60%; the leveling temperature is 60-80℃, and the time is 30min; the curing temperature is 120-150℃, and the time is 2-3h.

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