Gas hot blast stove regulation and control device based on waste heat recovery

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of hot blast stove, and in particular to a gas hot blast stove regulating device based on waste heat recovery, which solves the problems of hot blast stove explosion, back pressure without buffering, and insufficient smoke heat exchange. The device comprises a buffer gas storage tank and a heat exchange box connected by a flue gas pipeline. A pressure relief mechanism is arranged on the top of the buffer gas storage tank. The mechanism comprises a bellows and a lifting platform with air holes. When the internal pressure increases sharply, the volume can be increased and the gas can be discharged, so as to realize buffering and pressure relief. The mechanism comprises a plurality of baffle blades driven by a driving mechanism. By rotating the baffle blades, the flue flow area is changed, so as to adjust the flow rate of the flue gas entering the heat exchange box. The driving mechanism uses the change of the exhaust gas temperature to drive the hydraulic oil through the temperature sensing paraffin expansion, and then controls the rotation of the baffle blades. The device can automatically adjust the flow rate of the flue gas according to the flue gas temperature, prolong the residence time of the flue gas in the heat exchange box, fully heat the cold air, and has a pressure buffering function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hot blast stove technology, and in particular to a control device for a gas-fired hot blast stove based on waste heat recovery. Background Technology

[0002] Gas-fired hot blast stoves, as a commonly used heat energy supply device, are widely used in various industrial fields such as metallurgy, building materials, chemicals, and grain drying, as well as in agricultural production. Their core working principle is to generate high-temperature hot air by burning gas, providing the necessary heat energy for subsequent production processes. During the operation of gas-fired hot blast stoves, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas is generated, which is usually directly discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney. However, the directly emitted high-temperature flue gas carries a significant amount of waste heat. This direct loss of waste heat not only causes serious energy waste, increasing the energy consumption and operating costs of enterprises, but also causes thermal pollution to the surrounding environment, which is inconsistent with the current development concepts of energy conservation, emission reduction, and green production.

[0003] To recover and utilize the waste heat from the flue gas emitted by gas-fired hot air furnaces, several related devices based on waste heat recovery have emerged in the existing technology. These devices typically incorporate heat exchange structures to allow the high-temperature flue gas to exchange heat with the surrounding cold air, thereby heating the cold air for reuse and achieving waste heat recovery and reuse. However, these existing waste heat recovery devices still have many defects and shortcomings in practical applications.

[0004] 1. During the operation of a gas-fired hot air furnace, incomplete combustion of the gas and unstable air intake can easily lead to detonation or a sudden increase in flue gas back pressure. Existing waste heat recovery devices lack effective buffering and pressure relief structures. When these situations occur, the instantaneously increased pressure cannot be released or buffered in time, easily causing damage to internal components due to excessive pressure, and potentially even leading to safety accidents, seriously affecting the safety and stability of the device's operation. 2. Existing waste heat recovery devices often have fixed flue gas channels, making it impossible to adjust the exhaust area of ​​the channels according to actual conditions such as flue gas temperature and flow rate. This results in uncontrollable flow velocity of flue gas entering the heat exchange area. When the flue gas temperature is high and the flow rate is large, the residence time of the flue gas in the heat exchange area is too short, and the outside cold air cannot fully exchange heat with the high-temperature flue gas, resulting in low waste heat recovery efficiency and failing to fully realize the role of waste heat recovery. 3. While some existing waste heat recovery devices incorporate adjustment mechanisms, these mechanisms mostly require external electric drive or manual adjustment. This not only increases energy consumption and operating costs but also results in slow response times, failing to provide timely and precise adjustments based on real-time changes in flue gas parameters, leading to poor adjustment effectiveness. Furthermore, the stability and reliability of existing adjustment mechanisms need improvement; long-term operation can easily lead to jamming and damage, affecting the device's lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention originates from the research and analysis of problems with traditional gas-fired hot air furnaces: existing furnaces are prone to explosions and insufficient heat exchange. A buffer gas storage tank and a bellows pressure relief mechanism are designed to provide pressure buffering and prevent explosions; a temperature-sensitive paraffin-driven hydraulically adjustable baffle plate is used to rotate and reduce the flue area, lower the high-temperature flue gas velocity, extend the residence time in the heat exchange box, and achieve full waste heat recovery. High-temperature flue gas requires slow flow heat exchange, while low-temperature gas is discharged quickly.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A control device for a gas-fired hot blast stove based on waste heat recovery, comprising: A buffer gas storage tank, one end of which is connected to the chimney of a hot blast stove; A flue, one end of which is fixedly connected to and communicates with the other end of the buffer gas storage tank; A heat exchange box, which is fixedly connected to and communicates with the other end of the flue; The control mechanism includes multiple rotating shafts rotatably connected in the flue and baffles fixed on each of the rotating shafts. The rotation of the rotating shafts can drive the baffles to rotate to change the exhaust area of ​​the flue, thereby adjusting the flow rate and residence time of the flue gas entering the heat exchange box. The driving mechanism includes an exhaust pipe fixed to the heat exchange box, a cylinder I, a piston plate I, temperature-sensitive paraffin wax, a heat-conducting copper rod, a push rod, a cylinder II, a piston plate II, a liquid guide pipe, a cylinder III, and a piston rod. The exhaust pipe is connected to the heat exchange box. The cylinder I is fixed to one side of the exhaust pipe. The piston plate I is slidably and sealingly connected to the cylinder I. The temperature-sensitive paraffin wax fills the space between one side of the piston plate I and the inner wall of the cylinder I. The heat-conducting copper rod is fixed to the exhaust pipe and extends into the cylinder I to contact the temperature-sensitive paraffin wax. One end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the piston plate I, and the other end slides out of the cylinder I. The cylinder II is fixedly connected to the cylinder I, and the piston plate II is slidably and sealingly connected to the cylinder III. The cylinder II is fixedly connected to the other end of the push rod. Hydraulic oil is located between the piston plate II away from the push rod and the inner wall of the cylinder II. One end of the liquid guide tube is connected to the cavity of the cylinder II near the hydraulic oil. The cylinder III is fixed to one side of the flue. The piston rod is slidably connected to the cylinder III. The other end of the liquid guide tube is connected to the cylinder III. The extended end of the piston rod is connected to the control mechanism. When the temperature of the exhaust gas rises, the temperature-sensitive paraffin expands and, through the push rod and the piston plate II, forces the hydraulic oil into the cylinder III through the liquid guide tube, driving the piston rod to extend, thereby driving the control mechanism to increase the exhaust area of ​​the flue.

[0007] In one possible design, a pressure relief mechanism is also included. This mechanism comprises a bellows, a lifting platform, uprights, a fixing ring, a center plate, and a pressure relief pipe. The bottom end of the bellows is fixedly connected to the top of the buffer gas storage tank, and the top end is fixedly connected to the lifting platform. Multiple uprights are fixed to the top of the buffer gas storage tank around the bellows. The lifting platform is slidably mounted on the multiple uprights. The fixing ring is fixed to the top end of the multiple uprights. The center plate is fixed inside the fixing ring. The pressure relief pipe is fixedly inserted through the center plate. A vent hole is provided on the lifting platform, and the outer diameter of the pressure relief pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the vent hole. When the pressure inside the buffer gas storage tank increases sharply, the lifting platform is pushed upwards along the uprights, causing the pressure relief pipe to pass through the vent hole and release the flue gas.

[0008] In one possible design, the pressure relief mechanism further includes a rotating shaft, a cover plate, gear I, a slide rod, a rack, and a counterweight. A mounting base is fixed to the bottom of the lifting platform. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting base. The cover plate is fixed to the rotating shaft and located below the vent hole. Gear I is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft. The slide rod slides through the lifting platform in a sealed manner. The rack is fixed to the bottom end of the slide rod and meshes with gear I. The counterweight is fixed to the top end of the slide rod. Under the weight of the counterweight, the rack drives gear I and the rotating shaft to rotate, causing the cover plate to close the vent hole. When the pressure relief pipe passes through the vent hole, it pushes the cover plate to rotate and, through the meshing of gear I and the rack, moves the counterweight upwards.

[0009] In one possible design, two partitions I are fixed inside the heat exchange box, dividing the interior of the heat exchange box into two collection chambers and a heat exchange chamber located between the two collection chambers. An injection pipe and an exhaust pipe are fixedly connected to both sides of the heat exchange box, respectively. The injection pipe and the exhaust pipe are respectively connected to the two collection chambers. Multiple heat exchange tubes are provided in the heat exchange chamber. The two ends of the heat exchange tubes are fixedly inserted through the two partitions I and connected to the two collection chambers. The end of the flue extends into the heat exchange chamber.

[0010] In one possible design, the control mechanism further includes a convex plate, a pin, and a movable frame. One end of the rotating shaft is sealed and rotatably passes through the side wall of the flue and is fixedly connected to the convex plate. The pin is fixed to the convex plate. A guide rod is fixed to the outside of the flue. The movable frame is slidably connected to the guide rod. The pin extends into the movable frame and slides with it. The protruding end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the movable frame. When the movable frame moves, it drives multiple convex plates and the rotating shaft to rotate synchronously through the pin.

[0011] In one possible design, a pressure sensor is embedded in the bottom of the center plate; when the lifting platform moves upward, it can press the pressure sensor.

[0012] In one possible design, the system further includes a partition II, two rotating rings, two partition III, and air guide holes. The partition II is fixed within the heat exchange chamber. The two rotating rings are rotatably connected to the heat exchange chamber and located on both sides of the partition II. The two partition III are rotatably and sealed within the two rotating rings. Multiple heat exchange tubes are fixedly inserted through the partition II and the two partition III. Air guide holes are provided on both the rotating rings and the partition II. By rotating the rotating rings, the relative positions of the air guide holes on them and the air guide holes on the partition II can be changed, allowing the flue gas to form a serpentine flow path within the heat exchange chamber.

[0013] In one possible design, the outer walls of both rotating rings are provided with annular grooves, and gear rings are fixed in the annular grooves. Two gears II are rotatably connected to the top inner wall of the heat exchange chamber, and the two gears II mesh with the two gear rings respectively. The design also includes a drive rod and a drive motor. The drive rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the heat exchange box, and the two gears II are fixedly sleeved on the drive rod. The drive motor is fixed to one side of the heat exchange box, and its output shaft is connected to the drive rod for transmission.

[0014] In one possible design, a sealing box I is fixed to the bottom of the lifting platform, the gear I and the rack are located inside the sealing box I, and one end of the rotating shaft passes through the sealing box I in a sealed rotation.

[0015] In one possible design, a protective cover is fixed to one side of the flue, and the movable frame, the pin, the convex plate, the cylinder III, and the piston rod are located inside the protective cover.

[0016] The pressure regulation structure ensures safe operation, the power-free automatic temperature control structure reduces energy consumption, and the switchable flow channel structure improves waste heat recovery efficiency. The organic combination of these three elements achieves a combination of safety, energy saving, and high efficiency.

[0017] Beneficial effects: In this invention, the pressure relief mechanism enables graded buffering and pressure relief when the pressure in the buffer gas storage tank is abnormal, effectively ensuring the safe operation of the device. When a popping sound or a sudden increase in back pressure occurs in the buffer gas storage tank, causing a sudden pressure rise, the lifting platform moves upward under pressure, and the bellows extends to increase the buffer volume, achieving initial buffering. Subsequently, the pressure relief pipe passes through the vent hole, and flue gas is discharged through the pressure relief pipe to relieve pressure, achieving secondary pressure relief. At the same time, after the pressure sensor senses the pressure signal, it promptly feeds back to the control system to shut down the hot air furnace and prevent the risk from escalating. The graded buffering and pressure relief design makes the pressure regulation more stable and reliable, effectively avoiding component damage and safety accidents caused by sudden pressure increases, and improving the safety and stability of the device operation. In this invention, the control mechanism can flexibly adjust the exhaust area of ​​the flue to achieve precise control of the flow rate of flue gas entering the heat exchange chamber. Through the synchronous rotation of multiple baffles, the exhaust area of ​​the flue can be continuously adjusted according to actual needs, thereby controlling the flow rate of flue gas entering the heat exchange chamber and changing the residence time of flue gas in the heat exchange chamber. When the flue gas temperature is high, the exhaust area is increased to reduce the flow rate and increase the residence time, ensuring sufficient heat exchange between cold air and high-temperature flue gas. The flexible adjustment method improves the efficiency of waste heat recovery, enabling the device to adapt to different operating conditions and enhancing the applicability of the device. In this invention, the actuator adopts a combination of thermosensitive paraffin wax and hydraulic transmission to achieve automatic adjustment of the smoke exhaust area without the need for external power drive or manual intervention, thus reducing energy consumption and operating costs. The thermosensitive paraffin wax has a high expansion coefficient, which can quickly and accurately sense changes in smoke exhaust temperature and drive the piston plate and push rod to move through volume expansion and contraction. The hydraulic transmission has the characteristics of smooth transmission and large thrust, which can reliably drive the moving frame and baffle blades to rotate. The automatic adjustment method has a fast response speed and precise adjustment, avoiding the lag and error of manual adjustment, and further improving the operating efficiency and stability of the device. In this invention, the heat exchange box utilizes a combination of partition II, a rotating ring, partition III, and air guide holes to adjust the serpentine flow path of the flue gas, significantly increasing the residence time of the flue gas within the heat exchange chamber. By adjusting the rotation angle of the rotating ring using a drive motor, the misalignment of the air guide holes can be flexibly controlled, altering the length of the serpentine flow path of the flue gas to adapt to different heat exchange requirements. This allows for the full recovery and utilization of waste heat, reducing energy waste.

[0018] In this invention, the device integrates pressure safety protection with automatic optimization of the heat exchange process, which not only improves the safety of the waste heat recovery system when facing pressure shocks, but also continuously optimizes the heat exchange process through an automatic feedback adjustment mechanism, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency and providing comprehensive functions. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a gas-fired hot air furnace control device based on waste heat recovery provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the buffer gas storage tank of a gas-fired hot air furnace control device based on waste heat recovery provided by the present invention. Figure 3 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the lifting platform and fixing ring of a gas-fired hot air furnace control device based on waste heat recovery provided by the present invention. Figure 4 A three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the cover plate, gear I, and rack of a gas-fired hot blast stove control device based on waste heat recovery provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the heat exchange box, flue, and exhaust pipe of a gas-fired hot air furnace control device based on waste heat recovery provided by the present invention. Figure 6 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the heat exchange box of a gas-fired hot air furnace control device based on waste heat recovery provided by the present invention. Figure 7 A three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the partition plate I and heat exchange tube of a gas-fired hot air furnace control device based on waste heat recovery provided by the present invention; Figure 8 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of cylinder I and cylinder II of a gas-fired hot air furnace control device based on waste heat recovery provided by the present invention; Figure 9 A three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the baffle blades, moving frame, and protective cover of a gas-fired hot blast stove control device based on waste heat recovery provided by the present invention. Figure 10 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the moving frame, pin, and convex plate of a gas-fired hot air furnace control device based on waste heat recovery provided by the present invention. Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the heat exchange box, rotating ring, and partition II of a gas-fired hot air furnace control device based on waste heat recovery provided by the present invention. Figure 12 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating ring, partition III, and partition II of a gas-fired hot air furnace control device based on waste heat recovery provided by the present invention; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the gear ring, rotating ring, and partition plate III of a gas-fired hot blast stove control device based on waste heat recovery provided by the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Buffer gas tank; 2. Bellows; 3. Lifting platform; 4. Upright pole; 5. Fixing ring; 6. Center plate; 7. Pressure relief pipe; 8. Vent hole; 9. Rotating shaft; 10. Cover plate; 11. Gear I; 12. Slide rod; 13. Rack; 14. Counterweight; 15. Sealing box I; 16. Pressure sensor; 17. Clearance groove; 18. Heat exchange box; 19. Flue; 20. Exhaust pipe; 21. Partition I; 22. Collection chamber; 23. Heat exchange chamber; 24. Heat exchange pipe; 25. Gas injection pipe; 6. Exhaust pipe; 27. Cylinder I; 28. Piston plate I; 29. ​​Heat-conducting copper rod; 30. Push rod; 31. Cylinder II; 32. Piston plate II; 33. Liquid guide pipe; 34. Rotating shaft; 35. Baffle blade; 36. Protruding plate; 37. Pin; 38. Moving frame; 39. Cylinder III; 40. Piston rod; 41. Protective cover; 42. Baffle II; 43. Rotating ring; 44. Baffle III; 45. Air guide hole; 46. Annular groove; 47. Gear ring; 48. Gear II; 49. Drive rod; 50. Drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0022] In one embodiment: Refer to Figure 1A gas-fired hot blast stove control device based on waste heat recovery is disclosed, relating to the field of hot blast stove technology. It mainly includes a buffer gas storage tank 1, which is made of pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant steel. One end of the buffer gas storage tank 1 is connected to the chimney of the gas-fired hot blast stove through a flue gas pipe connected by a flange, and is used to receive all or part of the high-temperature flue gas from the hot blast stove. The other end of the buffer gas storage tank 1 is also fixedly connected to a horizontally arranged flue 19 through a flange. The flue 19 is a pipe with a square cross section. The other end of the flue 19 extends and is fixedly connected to a specific chamber of a heat exchange box 18. The buffer gas storage tank 1, the flue 19 and the heat exchange box 18 together constitute the main passage for flue gas to flow from the hot blast stove to the final emission point.

[0023] Furthermore, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 To address potential abnormal increases in flue gas pressure, particularly sudden explosions or a surge in back pressure, a pressure relief mechanism is installed at the top of the buffer gas storage tank 1. One of the core components of this mechanism is the bellows 2, made of stainless steel, which offers excellent axial expansion and contraction and sealing. The bottom end of the bellows 2 is welded and fixed to the central opening at the top of the buffer gas storage tank 1 via a heavy-duty flange. The top end of the bellows 2 is welded and fixed to the center of the bottom surface of a robust lifting platform 3. The lifting platform 3 is a thick, circular steel plate whose function is to provide a stable downward pressure load for the bellows 2. To guide the lifting platform 3 strictly along the vertical direction... To prevent horizontal deviation or tilting, multiple vertical poles 4 are uniformly welded and fixed around the corrugated pipe 2 on the top of the buffer gas tank 1. The number of poles 4 is preferably three or four, symmetrically distributed. These poles 4 are made of smooth round steel. The edges of the lifting platform 3 are provided with through holes that match the number and position of the poles 4. The lifting platform 3 slides through these through holes and is fitted onto the outer wall of all the poles 4. At the top of the poles 4, a fixing ring 5 is fixed by welding or threaded connection. The fixing ring 5 connects the tops of all the poles 4 together, which greatly enhances the structural rigidity and stability of the pole 4 group and ensures the accuracy of the sliding trajectory of the lifting platform 3.

[0024] Specifically, under normal flue gas pressure, the lifting platform 3, under its own gravity, applies a small static pressure to the internal space of the buffer gas storage tank 1 through the bellows 2. At this time, the bellows 2 is in a compressed or natural state, and the physical volume of the buffer gas storage tank 1 is the nominal value. When a sudden pressure surge occurs in the buffer gas storage tank 1, the resultant force of the internal pressure acting on the bottom of the bellows 2 and the bottom surface of the lifting platform 3 will overcome the gravity of the lifting platform 3. This resultant force pushes the lifting platform 3 to slide upward along the upright 4. As the lifting platform 3 moves upward, the bellows 2 is stretched and extends upward. The extension process of the bellows 2 actually dynamically increases the physical volume of the buffer gas storage tank 1, providing an additional expansion space for the sudden increase in high-pressure flue gas, thereby effectively buffering and absorbing the pressure surge peak and protecting the downstream heat exchange box 18 and pipeline from direct damage.

[0025] Furthermore, referring to Figures 2-4 The pressure relief mechanism also includes an automatic release channel, which is activated when the pressure in the buffer gas tank 1 continuously rises to a certain threshold. A vertical vent 8 is located at the center of the lifting platform 3. At the bottom of the lifting platform 3, a rotating shaft 9 is rotatably connected via a bearing seat. A cover plate 10 matching the vent 8 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 9. In its natural state, the cover plate 10 can rotate within a plane, thus covering or leaving the lower opening of the vent 8. A torsion spring (not shown in the figure) is also fitted on the rotating shaft 9 to give the cover plate 10 a tendency to close the vent 8. To ensure the long-term sealing of the cover plate 10, a high-temperature resistant sealing ring can be embedded at the edge of the cover plate 10. A gear I 11 is fixedly fitted on the shaft section of the rotating shaft 9 located below the lifting platform 3. Inside the lifting platform 3, a sealing slide is provided perpendicular to the platform plane. A slide rod 12 passes through this slide in a sealing sliding manner. The bottom end of the 2 extends to the bottom of the lifting platform 3 and is fixedly connected to a rack 13. The rack 13 is meshed with the gear I 11. The top end of the slide rod 12 extends to the top of the lifting platform 3 and is fixedly connected to a counterweight 14. The gravity generated by the counterweight 14 is transmitted to the rack 13 through the slide rod 12, giving the rack 13 a downward tendency. The downward tendency of the rack 13 is converted into the rotational torque of the rotating shaft 9 through the meshing of the gear I 11. This torque drives the cover plate 10 to rotate to a position that completely covers and fits against the bottom of the vent hole 8, thereby sealing the vent hole 8 under normal circumstances and preventing the flue gas in the buffer gas tank 1 from leaking through this point. At the center of the fixing ring 5, a circular central plate 6 is fixedly supported by several radial connecting plates. A pressure relief pipe 7 is fixedly passed through the middle of the central plate 6. The pressure relief pipe 7 extends vertically downward and its lower end opening is a smooth flared mouth. The outer diameter of the pressure relief pipe 7 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the vent hole 8 on the lifting platform 3.

[0026] Specifically, when the pressure inside the buffer gas tank 1 increases, pushing the lifting platform 3 to a specific height, the lower end of the pressure relief pipe 7 will be inserted into the vent hole 8. As the lifting platform 3 continues to move upward, the pressure relief pipe 7 gradually penetrates the vent hole 8 until it is completely inserted. During this process, the wall of the pressure relief pipe 7 will contact the edge of the cover plate 10. Since the cover plate 10 can only be opened by rotating in one direction, the insertion of the pressure relief pipe 7 will push the cover plate 10 to rotate counterclockwise around the rotating shaft 9, thereby forcibly opening the vent hole 8. The rotation of the cover plate 10 drives the gear I1 through the rotating shaft 9. 1. When the gear rotates, the gear I11 drives the rack 13 that meshes with it to move upward. The rack 13 drives the slide bar 12 and the counterweight 14 to rise together. At this time, the high-pressure flue gas in the buffer gas tank 1 can enter the pressure relief pipe 7 through the gap between the opened cover plate 10 and the vent 8, and finally be discharged into the atmosphere or a safe emission system through the upper end of the pressure relief pipe 7 to achieve automatic pressure relief. The bottom of the center plate 6 is also provided with a clearance groove 17 to provide space for the counterweight 14 to rise during the process of the lifting platform 3, and to prevent interference.

[0027] Furthermore, referring to Figure 3 To enhance safety, the pressure relief mechanism integrates an early warning function. An embedded pressure sensor 16 is installed at the bottom of the central plate 6, with its sensing surface facing downwards and maintaining a small initial gap with the top plane of the lifting platform 3. The pressure sensor 16 uses a high-temperature resistant pressure transmitter, and its signal output extends to the outside of the device via a high-temperature resistant wire. When the lifting platform 3 moves upwards and presses against the pressure sensor 16, the pressure sensor 16 converts the mechanical pressure signal into a 4-20mA standard electrical signal, which is transmitted to the PLC controller or the main control system of the hot air furnace via a wire. This enables real-time monitoring and early warning linkage for abnormal pressure. When the pressure inside the buffer gas tank 1 rises abnormally, pushing the lifting platform 3 upwards and finally contacting and pressing against the sensing surface of the pressure sensor 16, the pressure sensor 16 will detect a sudden pressure signal. This signal can be transmitted to the main control system of the hot air furnace. Upon receiving this early warning signal, the control system can immediately trigger safety protocols, such as closing the gas valve, activating the alarm, or executing a sequential shutdown procedure. This allows for risk control at the source before or simultaneously with physical release of the device, preventing the accident from escalating.

[0028] Furthermore, referring to Figure 4 At the bottom of the lifting platform 3, a sealing box I15 is also fixedly installed. The sealing box I15 completely covers the gear I11, rack 13 and their meshing area, forming a relatively sealed environment to prevent dust or corrosive substances in the flue gas from entering and affecting the flexibility and life of these transmission components. One end of the rotating shaft 9 passes through the side wall of the sealing box I15 through a rotating seal, which not only ensures the rotational freedom of the rotating shaft 9, but also maintains the sealing performance of the sealing box I15.

[0029] Furthermore, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The heat exchange chamber 18 is internally divided into three continuous chambers by two fixed partitions I21. The two partitions I21 are located near the inner walls of the heat exchange chamber 18 at its left and right ends, respectively. Thus, the heat exchange chamber 23 is located between two manifolds 22. The right side wall of the heat exchange chamber 18 has an interface and is fixedly connected to an air injection pipe 25. The other end of the air injection pipe 25 is connected to an external blower for injecting cold air to be heated into the corresponding manifold 22. The left side wall of the heat exchange chamber 18 has an interface and is fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe 26 for leading out the heated hot air and delivering it to the process point where hot air is needed or as a... Combustion air is supplied by multiple heat exchange tubes 24 arranged in parallel vertical directions within the heat exchange chamber 23. The heat exchange tubes 24 are made of copper or aluminum alloy with good thermal conductivity, and their outer surfaces may have fins to increase the heat exchange area. Both ends of all heat exchange tubes 24 are welded or expanded and fixedly connected to two partition plates I 21, so that the inner cavity of each heat exchange tube 24 is connected to two manifolds 22. The end of the flue 19 away from the buffer gas tank 1 extends from the side wall of the heat exchange box 18 and is fixedly connected to the central space of the heat exchange chamber 23. In this way, the high-temperature flue gas from the flue 19 directly enters the heat exchange chamber 23 and flows around the outside of the numerous heat exchange tubes 24.

[0030] Specifically, when cold air enters the first collection chamber 22 from the air injection pipe 25, it is evenly distributed to each heat exchange pipe 24 and flows through the heat exchange chamber 23 inside the pipe. During this process, the high-temperature flue gas outside the pipe transfers heat to the cold air inside the pipe through the pipe wall, thereby heating the cold air. The heated air is finally discharged through the exhaust pipe 26. After the heat exchange is completed, the temperature of the flue gas decreases, and it converges from the other end or top of the heat exchange chamber 23, ready to be discharged.

[0031] Furthermore, referring to Figure 5 , Figure 9 and Figure 10To automatically adjust the heat exchange efficiency according to operating conditions, a control mechanism is installed inside the flue 19. The core of this mechanism is a set of synchronously rotating baffles 35 installed within the flow section of the flue 19. Specifically, inside the flue 19, multiple rotating shafts 34 are arranged parallel to the cross-sectional direction of the flue 19. These rotating shafts 34 are rotatably supported on the two side walls of the flue 19 via bearing seats at both ends, and their axes are perpendicular to the flow direction of the flue gas. A rectangular baffle 35 is fixedly connected to the middle section of the outer wall of each rotating shaft 34. The length and width of the baffles 35 match the inner cross-sectional dimensions of the flue 19. When the planes of all the baffles 35 are parallel to the axis of the flue 19, their obstruction of the flue gas is minimized, and the effective flow area of ​​the flue 19 is maximized. When the rotating shafts 34 drive the baffles 35 to rotate at a certain angle... The plane of the baffle blade 35 forms an angle with the airflow direction, reducing the effective flow area and increasing local resistance. One end of all rotating shafts 34 is sealed and rotates through one side wall of the flue 19 and extends to the outside of the flue 19. On the outside of the flue 19, a protruding plate 36 is fixedly connected to the end of each rotating shaft 34. On the side of each protruding plate 36, a pin 37 is fixed at a position off its rotation center. On the outer wall of the flue 19, at least two parallel crossbars are fixed by a bracket. A rectangular moving frame 38 is slidably fitted on this set of crossbars and can slide back and forth along the length of the crossbars. The moving frame 38 has elongated guide grooves or notches corresponding to the number of pins 37. The pins 37 on each protruding plate 36 extend into the corresponding guide groove or form a sliding fit with the edge of the moving frame 38.

[0032] Specifically, when the external drive forces the moving frame 38 to move along the crossbar, the moving frame 38 interacts with each pin 37 through the guide groove or edge on it, causing all pins 37 to be displaced. Since all pins 37 are deviated from the rotation center of their respective convex plates 36, the displacement of the pins 37 will drive all convex plates 36 to rotate synchronously around their rotation center, i.e., the axis of the rotation shaft 34. The rotation of the convex plates 36 is transmitted to the baffles 35 inside the flue 19 through the rotation shaft 34, thereby realizing the synchronous angle adjustment of all baffles 35. By changing the angle of the baffles 35, the effective exhaust area inside the flue 19 can be continuously changed. When the effective exhaust area increases, the flue gas flow resistance decreases. When it is necessary to slow down the flow rate to extend the heat exchange time, this can be achieved by increasing the effective exhaust area.

[0033] Furthermore, referring to Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 10The drive mechanism provides power to the control mechanism. Its power source is based on the change in flue gas temperature, realizing automatic control based on feedback from the heat exchange effect. The heat-sensitive part of the drive mechanism is installed on the flue gas duct 20, which is fixed to one side of the heat exchange box 18 and connected to the heat exchange chamber 23. It is used to collect and exhaust the low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange. On one side of the outer wall of the flue gas duct 20, a cylinder I27 is fixedly installed. A piston plate I28 is slidably connected inside the cylinder I27. The piston plate I28 divides the inner cavity of the cylinder I27 into two chambers. The chamber closer to the flue gas duct 20 is called the temperature sensing chamber, which is filled with temperature-sensitive paraffin with a high expansion coefficient. A heat-conducting copper rod 29 is fixedly inserted through the wall of the exhaust pipe 20. One end of the heat-conducting copper rod 29 extends into the interior of the exhaust pipe 20, directly contacting the flowing flue gas. The other end of the heat-conducting copper rod 29 extends into the temperature-sensing cavity of the cylinder I 27, and is in close contact with the temperature-sensing paraffin wax inside. The function of the heat-conducting copper rod 29 is to efficiently conduct the temperature of the flue gas in the exhaust pipe 20 to the temperature-sensing paraffin wax. When the exhaust temperature rises, heat is transferred to the paraffin wax through the heat-conducting copper rod 29. The paraffin wax expands in volume due to the heat, pushing the piston plate I 28 towards the open end of the cylinder I 27. A push rod 30 is fixedly connected to the center of the back of the piston plate I 28. The push rod 30 extends from one end of the cylinder I 27. One end is fixedly connected to a cylindrical body II31 via a flange. Cylindrical body II31 is also cylindrical, and a piston plate II32 is slidably connected inside it. A push rod 30 extends into cylindrical body II31 and is fixedly connected to piston plate II32. Piston plate II32 divides the inner cavity of cylindrical body II31 into two chambers. The chamber furthest from cylindrical body I27 is called the oil reservoir, which is filled with hydraulic oil. Piston plate I28, push rod 30, and piston plate II32 form a linkage. When paraffin expands and pushes piston plate I28 and push rod 30 to move, push rod 30 directly pushes piston plate II32 to move synchronously. An oil port is located at the end of cylindrical body II31 furthest from cylindrical body I27, and is connected to a fluid guide pipe 33. A cylinder Ⅲ39 is connected to the outside of the flue 19. The liquid guide pipe 33 is reliably connected to the oil port of cylinder Ⅱ31 and the oil inlet of cylinder Ⅲ39 by a high-pressure connector. Cylinder Ⅲ39 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of flue 19. A piston rod 40 is sealed and slidably connected inside cylinder Ⅲ39. One end of piston rod 40 is located inside cylinder Ⅲ39 and forms a sealed sliding pair with the inner wall of cylinder Ⅲ39. The other end of piston rod 40 extends out of cylinder Ⅲ39 and its end is fixedly connected to the side of the moving frame 38. The end of liquid guide pipe 33 is connected to the oil inlet of cylinder Ⅲ39, so that the hydraulic oil in the oil storage chamber of cylinder Ⅱ31 can be injected into cylinder Ⅲ39 through liquid guide pipe 33, pushing piston rod 40 to extend outward.

[0034] Specifically, when the flue gas temperature rises, the paraffin expands, and piston plate I 28 pushes push rod 30 and piston plate II 32 to move, forcing hydraulic oil in the oil storage chamber into cylinder III 39 through guide pipe 33. The hydraulic oil entering cylinder III 39 pushes piston rod 40 to move outward in a straight line. The extension of piston rod 40 directly pushes moving frame 38 to slide along its crossbar. As before, the sliding of moving frame 38 drives all baffle blades 35 to rotate synchronously, thereby changing the effective flow area in flue 19. When the flue gas temperature is higher than the set optimal value, it means that the residence time of flue gas in heat exchange chamber 23 may be insufficient. If the heat is not fully absorbed, the drive mechanism will rotate to increase the flow area of ​​the flue 19, reduce the flow resistance of the flue gas entering the heat exchange box 18, and reduce the flow velocity of the flue gas entering the heat exchange box 18. This will prolong the residence time of the flue gas in the heat exchange chamber 23, improve the heat exchange effect, and ultimately reduce the exhaust temperature. Conversely, when the exhaust temperature is low, the paraffin wax will contract. Under the action of the return spring or the system back pressure, the piston rod 40 will retract, and the opening of the baffle 35 will decrease. The entire drive process does not require external power and relies entirely on thermodynamic principles to achieve automatic feedback regulation.

[0035] Furthermore, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 9 In order to protect the complex connecting rods and hydraulic components outside the flue 19, a protective cover 41 is installed on the outside of the flue 19 to cover the moving frame 38, the protruding plate 36, the pin 37, the cylinder Ⅲ 39 and the piston rod 40, etc., to prevent external collisions and dust pollution.

[0036] In another embodiment: Refer to Figures 11-13To further enhance the heat exchange effect and provide optional flue gas flow control modes, a flow guiding mechanism was added inside the heat exchange chamber 23. A vertical baffle II 42 is fixedly installed in the middle of the heat exchange chamber 23, spatially dividing the heat exchange chamber 23 into left and right parts, but not completely isolating them. All heat exchange tubes 24 pass through pre-drilled holes in the baffle II 42 and are sealed and fixed there. On each side of the baffle II 42, a rotating ring 43 is installed. The two rotating rings 43 are rotatably connected to the heat exchange chamber 23 via high-temperature bearings and are located on both sides of the baffle II 42. Two baffles III 44 are respectively connected via high-temperature graphite seals. The sealing ring is rotatably connected to the two rotating rings 43. The high-temperature bearing and the high-temperature graphite sealing ring are both made of materials resistant to flue gas corrosion. The rotating ring 43 is also provided with a labyrinth-type sealing structure at the contact point with the inner wall of the heat exchange chamber 23 to prevent flue gas dust from entering the rotating mating parts. Similarly, all heat exchange tubes 24 also pass through the reserved holes on the partition plate Ⅲ 44 and are sealed and fixed. In this way, the partition plate Ⅱ 42 and the two partition plates Ⅲ 44 are fixedly connected to the heat exchange tubes 24, while the two rotating rings 43 can rotate relative to the heat exchange tubes 24 and the partition plate. A vent hole 45 is provided on the partition plate Ⅱ 42, and a corresponding vent hole 45 is also provided on the ring body of each rotating ring 43.

[0037] Specifically, in the initial or first working mode, the air guide holes 45 on the rotating ring 43 and the baffle Ⅲ 44 are completely aligned with the air guide holes 45 on the baffle Ⅱ 42. At this time, after the high-temperature flue gas enters the heat exchange chamber 23 from the flue 19, it can pass through these aligned air guide holes 45 relatively smoothly and directly. The flow path is relatively straight. When it is necessary to increase the flue gas flow and residence time, the rotating ring 43 can be driven to rotate, so that the air guide holes 45 on the rotating ring 43 are misaligned with the air guide holes 45 on the fixed baffle Ⅱ 42. After the misalignment, the main path of the flue gas from one chamber to another is blocked, and the flue gas is forced to flow around the misaligned air guide holes 45. This makes the flow path of the flue gas in the heat exchange chamber 23 change from a straight flow to a serpentine flow or a deflected flow, which significantly increases the flow and turbulence, thereby prolonging the heat exchange time and possibly increasing the convective heat transfer coefficient.

[0038] Furthermore, referring to Figures 11-13The mechanism that drives the two rotating rings 43 to rotate synchronously is integrated inside the heat exchange box 18. An annular groove 46 is machined on the outer cylindrical surface of each rotating ring 43. A gear ring 47 is fixedly embedded at the bottom of each annular groove 46. On the top inner wall of the heat exchange box 18, corresponding to the position of each rotating ring 43, a semi-circular chamber is machined as an installation space. In each semi-circular chamber, a gear II 48 is mounted via a bearing seat. The axis of gear II 48 is vertical, and its teeth extend downwards and mesh with the gear ring 47 on the corresponding rotating ring 43. The two gears II 48 are connected by a horizontally penetrating drive rod 49. The drive rod 49 is rotatably supported on the wall of the heat exchange box 18 via bearings. Two gears II 48 are fixedly sleeved on the corresponding positions of the drive rod 49 by keys. A drive motor 50 is fixedly mounted on the outside of one side of the heat exchange box 18 via a frame. The drive motor 50 is preferably a servo motor or stepper motor with a reducer to precisely control the rotation angle. The output shaft of the drive motor 50 is fixedly connected to the end of the drive rod 49 via a coupling. A mounting bracket is fixed on the outside of one side of the heat exchange box 18, and the drive motor 50 is fixed by the mounting bracket. A heat dissipation gap is left between the drive motor 50 and the wall of the heat exchange box 18. Preferably, a heat insulation gasket can be provided between the mounting bracket and the wall of the heat exchange box 18.

[0039] Specifically, when it is necessary to change the flue gas flow pattern, the drive motor 50 is started, which drives the drive rod 49 to rotate. The two gears II 48 on the drive rod 49 rotate synchronously. The meshing of gears II 48 with the gear ring 47 transmits the rotational motion to the two rotating rings 43, causing them to rotate synchronously and in the same direction by a specified angle. By controlling the rotation angle of the motor, the degree of misalignment of the air guide hole 45 can be precisely controlled, thereby realizing the step-by-step or continuous adjustment of the flue gas flow and resistance characteristics. This function can be manually or programmed to control according to different quality fuels, different hot blast stove load sections, or different cold air flow requirements, providing an additional means for optimizing heat exchange.

[0040] It also includes a PLC controller (not shown in the figure). The PLC controller is fixed in the ambient temperature area outside the heat exchange box 18. The pressure sensor 16 and the drive motor 50 are electrically connected to the PLC controller through wires. The pressure signal generated by the pressure sensor 16 after being pressed is transmitted to the PLC controller. After receiving the signal, the PLC controller can selectively output control commands to drive the drive motor 50 to adjust the misalignment angle of the air guide hole 45 of the rotating ring 43 to increase the flue gas flow area, or send a linkage signal to the main control system of the hot air furnace to trigger emergency safety procedures such as gas valve closure and audible and visual alarms.

[0041] During long-term operation, this device requires regular application of high-temperature grease to gears I11 and rack 13 in sealing box I15, and gears II48 and gear ring 47 in heat exchange chamber 23; regular cleaning of dust accumulation inside protective cover 41 and sealing box I15; and regular inspection of the sealing performance of bellows 2 and the wear of seals on piston plate I28 and piston plate II32, with timely replacement of aging parts to ensure stable operation of the device.

[0042] A method for using a control device for a gas-fired hot blast stove based on waste heat recovery includes the following steps: S1. During normal and stable operation of the gas-fired hot air furnace, high-temperature flue gas flows sequentially through the flue gas pipe, buffer storage tank 1, and flue 19. At this time, the pressure inside the buffer storage tank 1 is stable, the pressure relief mechanism is in standby mode, the lifting platform 3 remains in a low position under its own weight, the bellows 2 retracts, and the cover plate 10 tightly seals the vent hole 8 under the gravity of the counterweight 14. The flue gas enters the flue 19 without obstruction. Under the initial setting, the baffle blade 35 of the control mechanism is in an intermediate or preset opening position based on experience, forming a basic effective flow area. The flue gas enters the heat exchange chamber 23 of the heat exchange box 18 at the flow rate within this area. At the same time, the external blower draws cold air through the air injection pipe 25. The cold air is pumped into the corresponding collection chamber 22 and distributed to each heat exchange tube 24 and flows through the heat exchange chamber 23. In the heat exchange chamber 23, the high-temperature flue gas outside the tube and the cold air inside the tube exchange through the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 24 in a counter-current or cross-flow heat exchange. The cold air is heated and the flue gas temperature decreases. The heated air is sent out for use through the exhaust pipe 26, and the cooled flue gas is gathered and discharged from the exhaust pipe 20. The heat-conducting copper rod 29 on the exhaust pipe 20 senses the temperature of the discharged flue gas in real time. If the heat exchange is sufficient under the current working condition and the exhaust temperature is stable near the expected value, the volume of the temperature-sensing paraffin in the drive mechanism is stable, the position of the piston rod 40 remains unchanged, the control mechanism maintains the current opening, and the system maintains stable operation. S2. When the hot blast stove load increases or the fuel calorific value changes, causing the flue gas temperature to rise and the flow rate to increase, if the heat exchange capacity remains unchanged, the exhaust gas temperature will rise accordingly. The increased exhaust gas temperature is conducted to the temperature-sensitive paraffin wax inside the cylinder I 27 through the heat-conducting copper rod 29. The paraffin wax expands when heated, generating a huge expansion force. This force pushes the piston plate I 28 and the push rod 30 to move outward. The push rod 30 pushes the piston plate II 32 to compress the oil storage chamber. Under pressure, the hydraulic oil in the oil storage chamber is forced into the cylinder through the liquid guide pipe 33. In cylinder Ⅲ39, hydraulic oil pushes the piston rod 40 inside the cylinder Ⅲ39 to extend outward. The linear motion of the piston rod 40 pushes the moving frame 38 to slide along the crossbar. The sliding of the moving frame 38, through its cooperation with the pins 37 on each of the protruding plates 36, drives all the protruding plates 36 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the protruding plates 36 is transmitted through the rotating shaft 34, causing all the baffles 35 inside the flue 19 to rotate synchronously at an angle in the direction of increasing the effective flow area of ​​the flue 19. The increase in the effective flow area reduces the local flow of flue gas. With relatively stable draft in the hot blast stove chimney, the flow rate of flue gas entering the heat exchange box 18 decreases. This decrease in flow rate directly leads to a longer residence time of the high-temperature flue gas in the heat exchange chamber 23. The longer residence time allows the flue gas more time to transfer its heat energy to the cold air in the heat exchange tube 24, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency per pass. As the heat exchange efficiency increases, the exhaust gas temperature gradually drops. The temperature drop signal is fed back to the paraffin through the heat-conducting copper rod 29. The paraffin expands and the pressure decreases, and the system stabilizes at a new equilibrium position. Conversely, if the exhaust gas temperature is lower than expected, the paraffin contracts. Under the action of the reset spring, the hydraulic oil flows back, the piston rod 40 retracts, and the baffle 35 rotates in the direction of reducing the opening, allowing the flue gas to pass through faster, preventing over-cooling or meeting the demand for a larger flue gas flow. The whole process forms a closed-loop automatic adjustment system based on the negative feedback of exhaust gas temperature, which aims to dynamically stabilize the exhaust gas temperature in a better range, thereby achieving automation of waste heat recovery efficiency. S3. Under abnormal operating conditions, such as when the hot blast stove explodes or the downstream flue 19 is suddenly blocked, causing a sharp increase in back pressure, high-pressure gas or flue gas rushes into the buffer storage tank 1, causing its internal pressure to rise sharply. At this time, the passive safety mechanism of the device is immediately activated. First, the sudden increase in pressure acts on the bottom of the bellows 2 and the bottom surface of the lifting platform 3. The resulting upward force quickly overcomes the weight of the lifting platform 3, and the lifting platform 3 is pushed and moves up quickly along the upright 4. The guiding effect of the upright 4 ensures that the lifting platform 3 rises steadily and vertically without tilting or getting stuck. As the lifting platform 3 moves up, the bellows 2 is stretched, and its internal space is instantly incorporated into the volume system of the buffer storage tank 1. This dynamically increased volume provides an emergency expansion buffer space for the high-pressure gas, effectively absorbing the peak value of the pressure shock and preventing the high-pressure wave from directly impacting the downstream brittle heat exchange tube bundle 24 and the box structure, thus playing the role of the first line of safety protection. S4. If the pressure shock is abnormally violent or lasts for a long time, and the pressure in the buffer gas tank 1 remains at a dangerously high level, the pressure relief mechanism will be activated. As the lifting platform 3 is pushed to a higher position, the lower end of the pressure relief pipe 7 fixed on the center plate 6 begins to insert into the vent hole 8 on the lifting platform 3. The inserted end of the pressure relief pipe 7 pushes the edge of the cover plate 10, forcing the cover plate 10 to overcome the closing torque brought by the counterweight 14 and rotate counterclockwise, thereby opening the vent hole 8. The rotation of the cover plate 10 is converted into the lifting of the counterweight 14 through the transmission of gear I 11 and rack 13. After the vent hole 8 is opened, the high-pressure gas in the buffer gas tank 1 enters the pressure relief pipe 7 through the vent hole 8 and is discharged at high speed to the safe area along the pressure relief pipe 7. This process quickly releases the excessive pressure and prevents the equipment from permanent deformation or explosion due to overpressure. This pressure relief process is a passive mechanical action that does not rely on any external power or electrical signal and has high reliability. S5. At the same time, the upward movement of the lifting platform 3 will eventually cause its top to contact and press the pressure sensor 16 installed at the bottom of the center plate 6. After the pressure sensor 16 is pressed, it generates a high-level warning electrical signal. This signal is immediately transmitted to the main controller of the hot air furnace through the cable. The main controller receives this signal within milliseconds and can determine that a serious pressure abnormality has occurred in the system. It then automatically executes the predetermined emergency safety procedure, which includes immediately cutting off the gas supply, shutting down the main burner, and activating the audible and visual alarm. This combination of electrical warning and mechanical release achieves multiple safety guarantees by cutting off the source of danger at the source and protecting the terminal equipment. S6. In addition, operators can actively intervene in the flow pattern of flue gas in the heat exchange chamber 23 according to process requirements. By starting the drive motor 50 on the heat exchange box 18 through the control panel, the drive motor 50 drives two gears II 48 to rotate through the drive rod 49. The gears II 48 mesh with the gear ring 47 fixed on the rotating ring 43, thereby driving the two rotating rings 43 to rotate synchronously. This causes the air guide holes 45 on the partition plate III 44 to be misaligned with the air guide holes 45 on the fixed partition plate II 42 at a predetermined angle. When these air guide holes 45 are misaligned, when the flue gas flows from one side of the heat exchange chamber 23 to the other side, it can no longer pass through the aligned holes in a straight line, but must flow along the misaligned holes. The tortuous flow path formed by the 24 bundles of heat exchange tubes creates a serpentine flow pattern. This flow pattern significantly increases the actual flow path length and turbulence of the flue gas. It not only prolongs the residence time of the flue gas in the high-temperature zone for more thorough heat exchange, but also enhances the convective heat transfer coefficient between the flue gas and the tube wall. This function is particularly suitable for handling situations where the flue gas temperature is insufficient under low load and deep waste heat recovery is required, or for situations where high-flow flue gas needs to maximize heat exchange. By adjusting the angle of the rotating ring 43, it is possible to flexibly switch between the "low resistance-straight-through" mode and the "high heat exchange-serpentine" mode, or make adjustments to intermediate states, thereby enhancing the device's adaptability to different operating conditions.

[0043] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the drive motor 50 and the pressure sensor 16 are conventional methods or common knowledge, and will not be described in detail here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0044] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control device for a gas-fired hot blast stove based on waste heat recovery, comprising a buffer gas storage tank (1), one end of which is connected to the chimney of the hot blast stove; A flue (19) is provided, one end of which is fixedly connected to and communicates with the other end of the buffer gas storage tank (1). A heat exchange box (18), wherein the heat exchange box (18) is fixedly connected and communicates with the other end of the flue (19), characterized in that, Also includes: The control mechanism includes multiple rotating shafts (34) rotatably connected in the flue (19) and baffles (35) fixed on each of the rotating shafts (34). The rotation of the rotating shafts (34) can drive the baffles (35) to rotate to change the exhaust area of ​​the flue (19), thereby adjusting the flow rate and residence time of the flue gas entering the heat exchange box (18).

2. The control device for a gas-fired hot blast stove based on waste heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a drive mechanism, comprising a flue gas duct (20), a cylinder I (27), a piston plate I (28), a thermosensitive paraffin, a thermally conductive copper rod (29), a push rod (30), a cylinder II (31), a piston plate II (32), a liquid guide pipe (33), a cylinder III (39), and a piston rod (40) fixed to the heat exchange box (18). The flue gas duct (20) is connected to the heat exchange box (18). The cylinder I (27) is fixed to one side of the flue gas duct (20). The piston plate I (28) is... The sealing and sliding connection is made inside the cylinder I (27). The temperature-sensitive paraffin is filled between one side of the piston plate I (28) and the inner wall of the cylinder I (27). The heat-conducting copper rod (29) is fixed to the exhaust pipe (20) and extends into the cylinder I (27) to contact the temperature-sensitive paraffin. One end of the push rod (30) is fixedly connected to the piston plate I (28), and the other end slides out of the cylinder I (27). The cylinder II (31) is fixedly connected to the cylinder I (27). The piston plate II (32) is slidably connected to the cylinder II (31) and fixedly connected to the other end of the push rod (30). Hydraulic oil is located between the side of the piston plate II (32) away from the push rod (30) and the inner wall of the cylinder II (31). One end of the guide pipe (33) is connected to the cavity of the cylinder II (31) near the hydraulic oil. The cylinder III (39) is fixed to one side of the flue (19). The piston rod (40) is slidably connected to the cylinder II (31). Inside the cylinder III (39), the other end of the liquid guide pipe (33) is connected to the cylinder III (39), and the extended end of the piston rod (40) is connected to the control mechanism. When the temperature of the exhaust gas rises, the temperature-sensitive paraffin expands and pushes the hydraulic oil into the cylinder III (39) through the liquid guide pipe (33) via the push rod (30) and the piston plate II (32), driving the piston rod (40) to extend, thereby driving the control mechanism to increase the exhaust area of ​​the flue (19).

3. The control device for a gas-fired hot blast stove based on waste heat recovery according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a pressure relief mechanism, which includes a bellows (2), a lifting platform (3), uprights (4), a fixing ring (5), a center plate (6), and a pressure relief pipe (7). The bottom end of the bellows (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the buffer gas storage tank (1), and the top end is fixedly connected to the lifting platform (3). Multiple uprights (4) are fixed around the bellows (2) to the top of the buffer gas storage tank (1). The lifting platform (3) is slidably sleeved on the multiple uprights (4). The fixing ring... (5) Fixed to the top of multiple uprights (4), the center plate (6) is fixed inside the fixing ring (5), the pressure relief pipe (7) is fixedly inserted through the center plate (6), and the lifting platform (3) is provided with a vent hole (8). The outer diameter of the pressure relief pipe (7) is smaller than the inner diameter of the vent hole (8). When the pressure in the buffer gas tank (1) increases dramatically, the lifting platform (3) is pushed to move upward along the uprights (4), so that the pressure relief pipe (7) passes through the vent hole (8) to release the flue gas.

4. A control device for a gas-fired hot blast stove based on waste heat recovery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressure relief mechanism also includes a rotating shaft (9), a cover plate (10), a gear I (11), a slide rod (12), a rack (13), and a counterweight (14). The bottom of the lifting platform (3) is fixed with a mounting base. The rotating shaft (9) is rotatably connected to the mounting base. The cover plate (10) is fixed on the rotating shaft (9) and located below the vent (8). The gear I (11) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (9). The slide rod (12) slides through the lifting platform (3) in a sealed manner. The rack (13) is fixed to the bottom end of the slide rod (12) and meshes with the gear I (11). The counterweight (14) is fixed to the top end of the slide rod (12). Under the gravity of the counterweight (14), the rack (13) drives the gear I (11) and the rotating shaft (9) to rotate, so that the cover plate (10) closes the vent hole (8). When the pressure relief pipe (7) passes through the vent hole (8), it pushes the cover plate (10) to rotate and drives the counterweight (14) to move upward through the meshing of the gear I (11) and the rack (13).

5. A control device for a gas-fired hot blast stove based on waste heat recovery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat exchange box (18) is fixed with two partitions I (21), which divide the interior of the heat exchange box (18) into two collection chambers (22) and a heat exchange chamber (23) located between the two collection chambers (22). The two sides of the heat exchange box (18) are respectively fixedly connected to an injection pipe (25) and an exhaust pipe (26). The injection pipe (25) and the exhaust pipe (26) are respectively connected to the two collection chambers (22). The heat exchange chamber (23) is provided with multiple heat exchange tubes (24). The two ends of the heat exchange tubes (24) are respectively fixedly inserted through the two partitions I (21) and connected to the two collection chambers (22). The end of the flue (19) extends into the heat exchange chamber (23).

6. A control device for a gas-fired hot blast stove based on waste heat recovery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control mechanism also includes a convex plate (36), a pin (37), and a moving frame (38). One end of the rotating shaft (34) is sealed and rotates through the side wall of the flue (19) and is fixedly connected to the convex plate (36). The pin (37) is fixed on the convex plate (36). A guide rod is fixed on the outside of the flue (19). The moving frame (38) is slidably connected to the guide rod. The pin (37) extends into the moving frame (38) and slides with it. The protruding end of the piston rod (40) is fixedly connected to the moving frame (38). When the moving frame (38) moves, it drives multiple convex plates (36) and the rotating shaft (34) to rotate synchronously through the pin (37).

7. A control device for a gas-fired hot blast stove based on waste heat recovery according to claim 5, characterized in that, A pressure sensor (16) is embedded in the bottom of the center plate (6); when the lifting platform (3) moves upward, it can press the pressure sensor (16).

8. A control device for a gas-fired hot blast stove based on waste heat recovery according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a partition II (42), two rotating rings (43), two partitions III (44), and a duct hole (45). The partition II (42) is fixed inside the heat exchange chamber (23). The two rotating rings (43) are rotatably connected inside the heat exchange chamber (23) and located on both sides of the partition II (42). The two partitions III (44) are rotatably connected inside the two rotating rings (43). Multiple heat exchange tubes (24) are fixedly inserted through the partition II (42) and the two partitions III (44). The duct hole (45) is opened on both the rotating ring (43) and the partition II (42). By rotating the rotating ring (43), the relative position of the duct hole (45) on it and the duct hole (45) on the partition II (42) is changed, so that the flue gas forms a serpentine flow path in the heat exchange chamber (23).

9. A control device for a gas-fired hot blast stove based on waste heat recovery according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer walls of the two rotating rings (43) are provided with annular grooves (46), and gear rings (47) are fixed in the annular grooves (46). The top inner wall of the heat exchange chamber (23) is rotatably connected to two gears II (48), and the two gears II (48) mesh with the two gear rings (47) respectively. The heat exchange chamber (23) also includes a drive rod (49) and a drive motor (50). The drive rod (49) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the heat exchange box (18), and the two gears II (48) are fixedly sleeved on the drive rod (49). The drive motor (50) is fixed to one side of the heat exchange box (18), and its output shaft is connected to the drive rod (49) for transmission.

10. A control device for a gas-fired hot blast stove based on waste heat recovery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the lifting platform (3) is fixed with a sealing box I (15), the gear I (11) and the rack (13) are located inside the sealing box I (15), and one end of the rotating shaft (9) passes through the sealing box I (15) in a sealed rotation.

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