Method for maintaining furrows and ploughed land with anti-edge-wall-gap-preferential-flow function

Abstract

The application provides a test pit with a function of preventing preferential flow caused by a side wall gap, comprising a test pit wall and a soil layer, the test pit wall forms an accommodation space, and the soil layer is arranged in the accommodation space, characterized in that at least one anti-seepage member is arranged on the inner side of the test pit wall, each anti-seepage member comprises a vertical flange arranged close to the inner side wall of the test pit wall, a horizontal flange extending towards the center of the test pit, and a flexible anti-seepage film connecting the vertical flange and the horizontal flange, the horizontal flange can be bent relative to the vertical flange to form a folded state or an unfolded state, and the anti-seepage member is arranged in the shallow soil layer close to the soil surface. The application prevents the preferential flow caused by the side wall gap by arranging the anti-seepage member.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of irrigation testing technology, and in particular to a test pit and a method for maintaining cultivated land that prevents preferential flow through sidewall gaps. Background Technology

[0002] The test pit is an indispensable and important facility in irrigation experiments. It is usually made of reinforced concrete or steel plate and is used to study soil moisture movement, crop water requirements, and irrigation regimes. The test pit consists of the pit walls and a soil layer. The pit walls enclose a space, and the soil layer is placed within the space.

[0003] When the test pit wall is not irrigated for a long time, due to the physical properties of the soil layer and the difference in engineering materials, the test pit wall is a rigid structure and hardly shrinks. However, after the soil layer loses water, the distance between clay particles decreases, causing the soil layer to shrink in volume. A significant gap will form at the interface between the test pit wall and the soil layer. This gap is usually wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and in severe cases, the depth can reach tens of centimeters.

[0004] The formation of gaps in the sidewalls causes preferential flow during subsequent irrigation or rainfall. Water flows directly and rapidly along the gaps, bypassing the soil layer and reaching the bottom of the test pit, resulting in deep seepage. This leads to extremely uneven distribution of soil moisture, irregular wetting fronts, and ultimately, severely distorted irrigation test data.

[0005] In existing technologies, backfilling and compaction are often used to try to reduce gaps. However, due to the inherent characteristics of the wet-dry cycle of the soil layer, the compacted soil layer will still separate from the wall after drying again, forming new sidewall gaps. This cannot fundamentally prevent preferential flow caused by sidewall gaps. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a method for maintaining farmland and a test pit with the function of preventing preferential flow caused by sidewall gaps. The method prevents preferential flow caused by sidewall gaps by setting up anti-seepage components.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a test pit with the function of preventing preferential flow through the gaps in the sidewalls, including a test pit wall and a soil layer. The test pit wall encloses and forms a accommodating space, and the soil layer is disposed within the accommodating space. The characteristic feature is that at least one anti-seepage component is buried on the inner side of the test pit wall. Each anti-seepage component includes a vertical flange disposed close to the inner sidewall of the test pit wall, a horizontal flange extending towards the center of the test pit, and a flexible anti-seepage membrane connecting the vertical flange and the horizontal flange. The horizontal flange can be bent relative to the vertical flange to form a folded state or an unfolded state. The anti-seepage component is buried in the shallow soil near the soil surface.

[0008] In some embodiments, the burial depth of the at least one anti-seepage component is located within the main development area of ​​the sidewall gap, and when each of the anti-seepage components is in the unfolded state, the overall projected area of ​​the at least one anti-seepage component on the base covers the overall projected area of ​​the sidewall gap on the base.

[0009] In some embodiments, a magnet is provided on the side of the vertical flange away from the inner wall of the test pit, and the horizontal flange is a magnetic metal sheet, which can be magnetically attached to the vertical flange.

[0010] In some embodiments, the vertical flange and horizontal flange waterproofing components are made of corrosion-resistant metal sheets.

[0011] In some embodiments, the surfaces of both the vertical and horizontal flanges are coated with a rough, waterproof coating layer to increase the coefficient of friction and impermeability.

[0012] In some embodiments, the flexible geomembrane wraps around and adheres to the outer surfaces of the vertical and horizontal flanges to form a closed geomembrane structure.

[0013] In some embodiments, the vertical flange and the inner wall of the test pit are sealed and fixedly connected by waterproof adhesive or sealing strip.

[0014] Secondly, this application also provides a method for maintaining arable land, wherein the arable land is the soil layer of the test pit described in the first aspect; the method includes: before arable land operation, removing the covering soil above the horizontal flange, folding the horizontal flange upwards close to the wall of the test pit to avoid arable land machinery; after the arable land operation is completed, unfolding the horizontal flange back to the state extending towards the center of the test pit, and backfilling with covering soil.

[0015] In some embodiments, when the horizontal flange is folded upward, it is in a vertical state, so that the horizontal flange and the vertical flange are in the same vertical plane.

[0016] In some embodiments, during folding or unfolding, the flexible deformation characteristics of the flexible geomembrane are utilized to maintain the impermeability and sealing at the connection between the horizontal flange and the vertical flange.

[0017] In this application, an anti-seepage component installed on the inner side of the test pit wall creates an eaves effect on water, causing water to flow away from the gaps in the side walls, thereby preventing preferential flow caused by the gaps. The anti-seepage component includes a vertical flange installed close to the inner wall of the test pit, a horizontal flange extending towards the center of the test pit, and a flexible anti-seepage membrane connecting the vertical and horizontal flanges. Specifically, the eaves effect of the anti-seepage component means that after water enters the test pit (i.e., the containment space), it is blocked by the horizontal flange and the flexible anti-seepage membrane, preventing it from entering the gaps in the side walls. Instead, it accumulates above the horizontal flange and the flexible anti-seepage membrane. Then, under the guidance of the horizontal flange and the force of gravity, the water first diffuses horizontally towards the center of the test pit (i.e., the center of the soil layer), and then slowly infiltrates into the soil layer. Therefore, this application utilizes an anti-seepage component installed on the inner side of the test pit wall to prevent preferential flow caused by the gaps in the side walls. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the test pit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The structure shown is a cross-sectional view along the P1-P1 direction.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the folded state of the waterproofing components.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the unfolded state of the anti-seepage components.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the folded state of another type of waterproof component.

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The diagram shows the fitting state of the waterproofing components.

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the test pit after the soil layer has been removed.

[0027] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The first three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure shown.

[0028] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A second three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure shown.

[0029] Figure 11 for Figure 8 The third three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure shown.

[0030] Figure 12 for Figure 8 The fourth three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure shown. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 This application provides a test pit 2 with the function of preventing preferential flow through the gaps in the side walls. The test pit 2 includes a test pit wall 10 and a soil layer 50. The test pit wall 10 encloses a accommodating space 10a. The soil layer 50 is disposed within the accommodating space 10a. At least one anti-seepage component 30 is buried on the inner side of the test pit wall 10. Each anti-seepage component 30 includes a vertical flange 32 disposed close to the inner side wall of the test pit wall 10, a horizontal flange 34 extending towards the center of the test pit 2, and a flexible anti-seepage membrane 36 connecting the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34. The horizontal flange 34 can be bent relative to the vertical flange 32 to form a folded state or an unfolded state. The anti-seepage component 30 is buried in the shallow soil near the soil surface.

[0034] Understandably, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 8The testing pit 2 also includes a base 70, which is disposed at the bottom of the testing pit wall 10. The testing pit wall 10 and the base 70 enclose a receiving space 10a. The base 70, the testing pit wall 10, and the L-shaped seepage-proof component 30 constitute the testing pit body 200. It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the term "above" refers to the direction from the base 70 to the soil layer 50. A sidewall gap 10b is formed between the testing pit wall 10 and the soil layer 50. The sidewall gap 10b is generated due to the contraction of the soil layer 50. The sidewall gap 10b is a circumferential gap.

[0035] It can also be understood that, for example, the deployed state refers to the state when the angle between the horizontal flange 34 and the vertical flange 32 is approximately 180 degrees. The folded state refers to the state when the angle between the horizontal flange 34 and the vertical flange 32 is any angle within the range of approximately 0 degrees to approximately 90 degrees.

[0036] In this embodiment, when conducting the irrigation test using test pit 2, please refer to... Figure 4 By bending the horizontal flange 34, the vertical flange 32 is folded approximately perpendicularly to the horizontal flange 34. When maintaining the soil layer 50 of the side pit 2, please refer to... Figure 5 By bending the horizontal flange 34, the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34 are spread out in an approximately straight line.

[0037] In this embodiment, an anti-seepage component 30 installed on the inner side of the test pit wall 10 creates an eaves effect on water, causing water to flow away from the side wall gap 10b, thereby preventing preferential flow caused by the side wall gap 10b. The anti-seepage component 30 includes a vertical flange 32 attached to the inner wall of the test pit 10, a horizontal flange 34 extending towards the center of the test pit 2, and a flexible anti-seepage membrane 36 connecting the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34. Specifically, the eaves effect of the anti-seepage component 30 means that after water enters the test pit 2, i.e., the containing space 10a, it is blocked by the horizontal flange 34 and the flexible anti-seepage membrane 36 from entering the side wall gap 10b, and accumulates above the horizontal flange 34 and the flexible anti-seepage membrane 36. Then, under the guidance of the horizontal flange 34 and the force of gravity, the water first diffuses horizontally towards the center of the test pit 2, i.e., the center of the soil layer 50, and then slowly infiltrates within the soil layer 50. Therefore, this application utilizes the seepage-proof component 30 provided on the inner side of the test pit wall 10 to prevent preferential flow caused by the side wall gap 10b.

[0038] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The burial depth of the seepage prevention component 30 is located in the main development area of ​​the side wall gap 10b, and when each seepage prevention component 30 is in the unfolded state, the overall projected area of ​​the seepage prevention component 30 on the base covers the overall projected area of ​​the side wall gap on the base.

[0039] Understandably, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A sidewall gap 10b is formed between the test pit wall 10 and the soil layer 50. The sidewall gap 10b is caused by the contraction of the soil layer 50. The sidewall gap 10b is a circumferential gap.

[0040] In some embodiments, in at least one seepage barrier 30, two adjacent seepage barrier 30s are arranged in a staggered manner on the inner sidewall of the test pit wall 10, and the gap between two adjacent seepage barrier 30s is sufficient to accommodate a horizontal flange in an deployed state. For example, please refer to... Figures 8 to 12 The following describes the staggered arrangement of two adjacent anti-seepage components 30 on the inner wall of the test pit wall 10: The test pit wall 10 includes a first wall 101, a second wall 103, a third wall 105, and a fourth wall 107 connected in sequence; the at least one anti-seepage component 30 includes a first anti-seepage component 301 disposed on the inner wall of the first wall 101, a second anti-seepage component 303 disposed on the inner wall of the second wall 103, a third anti-seepage component 305 disposed on the inner wall of the third wall 105, and a fourth anti-seepage component 307 disposed on the inner wall of the fourth wall 107; the first anti-seepage component 301 and the second anti-seepage component 303 are staggered, the second anti-seepage component 303 and the third anti-seepage component 305 are staggered, and the third anti-seepage component 305 and the fourth anti-seepage component 307 are staggered.

[0041] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 A magnet 38 is provided on the side of the vertical flange 32 away from the inner wall of the measuring pit wall 10, and the horizontal flange 34 is a magnetic metal plate that can be magnetically attached to the vertical flange 32.

[0042] In this embodiment, the vertical flange 32 can also be a thin sheet of magnetic metal, so that the magnet 30 can be fixed to the vertical flange 32 by magnetic attraction.

[0043] For example, magnet 38 can be any of neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnet, samarium cobalt (SmCo) magnet, or ferrite magnet. The magnetic metal sheet can be any of pure iron, low carbon steel, or silicon steel sheet.

[0044] In this embodiment, when conducting the irrigation test using test pit 2, please refer to... Figure 6By bending the horizontal flange 34, the vertical flange 32 is folded approximately perpendicularly to the horizontal flange 34. When maintaining the soil layer 50 of the side pit 2, please refer to... Figure 7 By bending the horizontal flange 34, the vertical flange 32 is made to fit together with the horizontal flange 34.

[0045] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 4 to 7 The vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34 are made of corrosion-resistant metal sheet.

[0046] For example, the corrosion-resistant metal sheet can be a stainless steel sheet, specifically either 316 stainless steel or 304 stainless steel. The corrosion-resistant metal sheet can also be a magnetic metal sheet, specifically either pure iron, low-carbon steel, or silicon steel.

[0047] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 4 to 7 Both the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34 are coated with a rough waterproof coating layer to increase the coefficient of friction and impermeability.

[0048] For example, both the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34 are made of magnetic metal sheets coated with a rough, waterproof coating layer. This rough, waterproof coating layer forms a sealing layer on the surface of the magnetic metal sheet, sealing microscopic defects in the corrosion-resistant metal sheet and ensuring that moisture cannot penetrate. The rough, waterproof coating layer also increases the roughness and coefficient of friction of the corrosion-resistant metal sheet, preventing backfill soil from sliding along the surfaces of the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34, thus ensuring stable adhesion of the backfill soil to these surfaces.

[0049] For example, the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34 are made of a corrosion-resistant metal sheet coated with a rough, waterproof coating. The rough, waterproof coating layer forms a sealing layer on the surface of the corrosion-resistant metal sheet, sealing microscopic defects and ensuring that moisture cannot penetrate. The rough, waterproof coating layer also increases the roughness and coefficient of friction of the corrosion-resistant metal sheet, preventing backfill soil from sliding along the surfaces of the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34, thus ensuring stable adhesion of the backfill soil to the surfaces of the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34.

[0050] For example, the roughened waterproof coating layer can be made of water-based or solvent-based waterproof coatings. Specifically, the roughened waterproof coating layer can be made of at least one of epoxy resin-based waterproof coatings, polyurethane-based waterproof coatings, acrylic waterproof coatings, polymer cement-based waterproof coatings, or rubber asphalt-based waterproof coatings. The roughened waterproof coating layer incorporates quartz sand, ceramic particles, or magnetic metal particles to increase the surface roughness and coefficient of friction of the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34.

[0051] For example, both the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34 are made of magnetic metal sheets coated with a rough waterproof coating, or both are corrosion-resistant metal sheets coated with a rough waterproof coating. The vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34 are connected by a flexible geomembrane 36. The rough waterproof coating provides a physical anchoring surface for the flexible geomembrane 36, creating a mechanical interlock between the flexible geomembrane 36 and the rough waterproof coating, thereby improving the peel strength between the flexible geomembrane 36 and the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34.

[0052] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 4 to 7 The flexible geomembrane 36 is wrapped around and adhered to the outer surfaces of the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34 to form a closed geomembrane structure.

[0053] In this embodiment, the flexible geomembrane 36 is wrapped and adhered to the outer surfaces of the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34, which further improves the peel strength between the flexible geomembrane 36 and the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34, and also further improves the overall anti-seepage performance of the geomembrane component 30.

[0054] For example, the flexible geomembrane 36 is made of a polymer geomembrane. The polymer geomembrane is selected from at least one of high-density polyethylene membrane, polyvinyl chloride membrane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer membrane, and thermoplastic polyolefin membrane.

[0055] In some embodiments, the vertical flange 32 is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the test pit wall 10 by means of waterproof adhesive or sealing strip.

[0056] In this embodiment, a waterproof adhesive or sealing strip is provided between the vertical flange 32 and the inner wall of the test pit wall 10. The vertical flange 32 and the test pit wall 10 are seamlessly connected, so that water cannot enter the side wall gap 10b along the inner wall of the test pit wall 10, but can only accumulate above the horizontal flange 34, and then spread horizontally along the horizontal flange 34 towards the center of the test pit 2, that is, the center of the soil layer 50, and then slowly seep into the soil layer 50.

[0057] The application also provides a method for maintaining arable land; please refer to the following embodiments. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The cultivated land is the soil layer 50 of the test pit 2 provided in the above embodiment. The method includes: before the cultivated land operation, digging up the covering soil above the horizontal flange 34, folding the horizontal flange 34 upward to close to the test pit wall 10 to avoid the cultivated land machinery; after the cultivated land operation is completed, unfolding the horizontal flange 34 to restore it to the state of extending towards the center of the test pit 2, and backfilling the covering soil.

[0058] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The seepage prevention component 30 includes a vertical flange 32 that is closely attached to the inner wall of the test pit 10, a horizontal flange 34 that extends toward the center of the test pit 2, and a flexible seepage prevention membrane 36 that connects the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34.

[0059] In this embodiment, when conducting the irrigation test using test pit 2, please refer to... Figure 4 By bending the horizontal flange 34, the vertical flange 32 is folded approximately perpendicularly to the horizontal flange 34. When maintaining the soil layer 50 of the side pit 2, please refer to... Figure 5 By bending the horizontal flange 34, the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34 are spread out in an approximately straight line.

[0060] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The seepage-proof component 30 includes a vertical flange 32 that is closely attached to the inner wall of the test pit wall 10, a horizontal flange 34 that extends toward the center of the test pit 2, and a flexible seepage-proof membrane 36 that connects the vertical flange 32 and the horizontal flange 34. A magnet 38 is provided on the side of the vertical flange 32 away from the inner wall of the test pit wall 10, and the horizontal flange 34 is made of magnetic metal. The horizontal flange 34 can be attached to the vertical flange 32 by magnetic attraction.

[0061] In this embodiment, when conducting the irrigation test using test pit 2, please refer to... Figure 6 By bending the horizontal flange 34, the vertical flange 32 is folded approximately perpendicularly to the horizontal flange 34. When maintaining the soil layer 50 of the side pit 2, please refer to... Figure 7 By bending the horizontal flange 34, the vertical flange 32 is made to fit together with the horizontal flange 34.

[0062] In some embodiments, when the horizontal flange 34 is folded upward, it is in a vertical state, so that the horizontal flange 34 and the vertical flange 32 are in the same vertical plane.

[0063] In some embodiments, during folding or unfolding, the flexible deformation characteristics of the flexible geomembrane 36 are utilized to maintain the impermeability and sealing at the connection between the horizontal flange 34 and the vertical flange 32.

[0064] In some embodiments, after backfilling and covering with soil, the backfilled area is moistened by sprinkling water to encourage the surface soil to absorb water and expand to seal the gaps.

[0065] The above provides a detailed description of the measurement pit and farmland maintenance method with the function of preventing preferential flow through sidewall gaps provided in the embodiments of this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A measuring pit with the function of preventing preferential flow through sidewall gaps, comprising a measuring pit wall and a soil layer, wherein the measuring pit wall encloses a receiving space, and the soil layer is disposed within the receiving space, characterized in that, At least one anti-seepage component is embedded on the inner side of the test pit wall. Each anti-seepage component includes a vertical flange that is closely attached to the inner wall of the test pit, a horizontal flange that extends toward the center of the test pit, and a flexible anti-seepage membrane that connects the vertical flange and the horizontal flange. The horizontal flange can be bent relative to the vertical flange to form a folded state or an unfolded state. The anti-seepage component is buried in the shallow soil near the soil surface.

2. The pit measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The burial depth of the at least one seepage-proof component is located within the main development area of ​​the side wall gap, and when each of the seepage-proof components is in the unfolded state, the overall projected area of ​​the at least one seepage-proof component on the base covers the overall projected area of ​​the side wall gap on the base.

3. The pit measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A magnet is provided on the side of the vertical flange that is away from the inner wall of the test pit, and the horizontal flange is a thin magnetic metal plate. The horizontal flange can be magnetically attached to the vertical flange.

4. The pit measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical and horizontal flange waterproofing components are made of corrosion-resistant metal sheets.

5. The pit measuring device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The surfaces of both the vertical and horizontal flanges are coated with a rough, waterproof coating layer to increase the coefficient of friction and improve impermeability.

6. The pit measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible geomembrane wraps around and adheres to the outer surfaces of the vertical and horizontal flanges, forming a closed geomembrane structure.

7. The pit measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical flange is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the test pit wall by waterproof adhesive or sealing strip.

8. A method for maintaining arable land, characterized in that, The cultivated land is the soil layer of the test pit according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the method includes: before the cultivated land operation, digging up the covering soil above the horizontal flange, folding the horizontal flange upwards to close to the wall of the test pit to avoid the cultivated land machinery; after the cultivated land operation is completed, unfolding the horizontal flange to restore it to the state of extending towards the center of the test pit, and backfilling the covering soil.

9. The method for maintaining arable land according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the horizontal flange is folded upwards, it becomes vertical, so that the horizontal flange and the vertical flange are in the same vertical plane.

10. The method for maintaining arable land according to claim 8, characterized in that, During folding or unfolding, the flexible geomembrane's flexible deformation characteristics are utilized to maintain the impermeability and sealing at the connection between the horizontal and vertical flanges.

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