A method and system for evaluating equivalent effects of impact environments for different scale models
By designing a scaled-down model using dimensional analysis and similarity laws, the problem of poor equivalence of models at different scales in environmental impact assessment was solved, achieving efficient and accurate simulation results. This model is applicable to the assessment of underwater explosions and other shock environments, reducing experimental costs and improving the reliability of results.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING INST OF TECH
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
AI Technical Summary
The lack of effective equivalence evaluation methods for models at different scales in environmental impact assessments leads to poor comparability and accuracy of simulation results, limiting their application in complex environmental issues.
The similarity relationship of underwater explosions is derived using dimensional analysis and similarity laws. A scaled-down model is designed, and the similarity between the model and the real object is ensured by Hopkinson's similarity law and structural similarity law. The evaluation method is implemented using computer equipment, including dimensional analysis module, similarity law calculation module, structural similarity law module, scaled-down model design module and experimental simulation module, to evaluate the equivalence effect of the scaled-down model.
It improves simulation accuracy, saves experimental costs and time, expands the scope of application, ensures the reliability and flexibility of experiments, and enhances the consistency and accuracy of simulation results at different scales.
Smart Images
Figure CN122452135A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental engineering technology, and in particular to a method and system for evaluating the equivalent effects of environmental impacts on models of different scales. Background Technology
[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the impact of human activities on the environment is increasing, making the accurate assessment of the potential environmental impact of engineering projects or activities a crucial task. Traditional environmental impact assessment methods mainly rely on field surveys and limited sample data. While this approach is intuitive, it often struggles to comprehensively and accurately assess large-scale or long-term environmental impacts due to its limited coverage, time-consuming data collection, and susceptibility to subjective factors.
[0003] In recent years, with the development of mathematical models and computational techniques, using models for environmental impact assessment has become an important tool. Models at different scales, such as large-scale regional models and small-scale local models, each have their own strengths in simulating specific environmental processes and phenomena. However, due to the lack of a unified and effective framework or methodology, the results of these models are difficult to compare equivalencefully. Models at different scales typically use different data sources, algorithms, and assumptions, making direct comparison or integration of results difficult, which greatly reduces the reliability and accuracy of models in practical assessments. Furthermore, the different data types, precision, and spatiotemporal scales required by models at different scales lead to technical barriers to data integration and sharing between models. These problems limit the application of model simulation in environmental impact assessment.
[0004] In existing technologies, although various models are widely used in environmental assessment, there is a lack of effective equivalence evaluation methods between models of different scales, resulting in poor comparability and accuracy between large-scale simulation results and small-scale, field observation results. This limitation severely restricts the application of model simulation in complex environmental problems, especially in cross-scale environmental assessment scenarios. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a method and system for equivalent simulation of impact environments using models at different scales.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0007] A method for equivalent simulation of impact environments using models at different scales includes the following steps:
[0008] S1. Using dimensional analysis, the similarity law of underwater explosions is derived to determine the relationship between shock wave pressure, energy impulse per unit area, energy density, time decay constant, charge mass, and distance from the detonation center. The formulas are as follows:
[0009]
[0010] Where: p is the pressure of the shock wave; The energy impulse per unit area is w; the charge mass is E; and the energy density is E. R is the time decay constant; R is the distance from the burst center.
[0011] S2. Based on Hopkinson's similarity law, establish the similarity relationships between the model and the actual experiment in terms of time, pressure, and energy. The specific formulas are as follows:
[0012]
[0013] in: This is the model time similarity factor; This refers to the charge quantity when using the model; The amount of explosive in the actual product; This is the physical time similarity factor.
[0014] S3. Under the premise of satisfying the underwater explosion similarity law, further apply the structural similarity law. The structural similarity ratio between the shell of the scaled-down model and the original model includes, but is not limited to, the following physical quantities:
[0015]
[0016]
[0017] Where: time is t; Poisson's ratio The tangent modulus is E T The stress is Mass density ;
[0018] The dimension is L, other characteristic lengths are A; elastic modulus is E; fluid density is... The fluid compressibility modulus is K.
[0019] S4. Design a scaled-down experimental model and use Hopkinson's similarity law to determine the geometric scaling ratio, as shown in the following formula:
[0020]
[0021] S5. Design the nonlinear model of the buffer base, using a scaled-down nonlinear function:
[0022]
[0023] in: is the equipment scaling function; a is the spectral value reduction factor.
[0024] S6. Conduct scaled-down experimental model tests, select a suitable shell impact factor, and verify the accuracy of the scaled-down structure similarity law using different step charges and the same detonation distance.
[0025] S7. Compare the response of the scaled-down model with that of the actual ship at the impact surface, evaluate the equivalent effect of the impact environment of the scaled-down model, and ensure that the error between the peak value and peak time domain curve of the acceleration response of the scaled-down model and that of the actual ship model is within 20%.
[0026] Furthermore, in the design process of the scaled-down experimental model, the similarity factor is determined according to the Hopkinson similarity law, the actual ship model is made of Q345 steel, and the influence of center of gravity and buoyancy is considered in the design process.
[0027] Furthermore, the selected range of the shell impact factor is 0.4-0.6.
[0028] Furthermore, the experiment used three different step charges while maintaining the same detonation distance to verify the accuracy of the scaled-down structure similarity law.
[0029] Furthermore, the test parameters are the radial acceleration data of the center of the blast face of the full ship model and the scaled-down model, which were measured in the experiment.
[0030] Furthermore, when the material of the scaled-down model is the same as that used in reality, it must satisfy the structural similarity law and the following geometric similarity conditions:
[0031] 1) The model's engineering strain and stress are consistent with the actual structure;
[0032] 2) The surface pressure acting on the model and the actual structure is consistent, that is, any pressure acting on the surface is of equal magnitude;
[0033] 3) The tensile or compressive waves propagating in the model and the actual structure are consistent;
[0034] 4) The speed of the model and the actual structure are consistent because speed is the ratio of distance to time, and both are measured using the same scale.
[0035] This invention also discloses a system for evaluating the equivalent effects of shock environments on models at different scales. This system can be used to implement the above-mentioned method for evaluating the equivalent effects of shock environments on models at different scales, including:
[0036] Dimensional Analysis Module: Performs dimensional analysis to derive the underwater explosion similarity law and determine the relationship between shock wave pressure, energy impulse per unit area, energy density, and time decay constant with charge mass and distance from the explosion center.
[0037] Similarity Law Calculation Module: Based on the Hopkinson similarity law, it calculates the similarity relationships between the model and the physical experiment in terms of time, pressure, and energy, and provides time similarity factor, pressure similarity factor, and energy similarity factor.
[0038] Structural Similarity Law Module: Under the premise of satisfying the underwater explosion similarity law, the structural similarity law is applied to calculate and determine the structural similarity ratio of the scaled-down model, covering physical quantities such as size, stress, density, and elastic modulus.
[0039] Scaled-down model design module: Design scaled-down experimental models based on similarity laws, determine geometric scaling factors and other key design parameters, and generate specific scaled-down model design schemes.
[0040] Nonlinear model design module: Design a nonlinear model of the buffer base, use the scaling factor nonlinear function to determine the equipment scaling function, and ensure that the model can accurately simulate the response of the actual object under different impact conditions.
[0041] Experimental simulation module: Perform scaled-down experimental model tests, select shell impact factor, verify the accuracy of scaled-down structure similarity law, and record experimental data.
[0042] Results evaluation module: Compare the response of the scaled-down model with that of the actual ship, evaluate the equivalent effect of the impact environment of the scaled-down model experiment, and ensure that the peak value of the acceleration response and the error of the peak time domain curve are within the predetermined range.
[0043] The present invention also discloses a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the above-mentioned method for evaluating the equivalent effects of impact environments on different scale models.
[0044] The present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for evaluating the equivalent effects of impact environments on different scale models.
[0045] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
[0046] 1. Improve simulation accuracy: By applying dimensional analysis and similarity laws, the accuracy of simulation results at different scales is ensured, enabling the scaled-down model to accurately reflect the impact response of the actual ship.
[0047] 2. Saves experimental costs and time: By designing and using scaled-down models for experiments, the need for full-scale ship experiments is reduced, thus lowering experimental costs and accelerating the experimental process.
[0048] 3. Expanding the scope of application: The method of the present invention is not only applicable to underwater explosion environments, but can also be applied to the simulation of other impact environments. By adjusting the relevant parameters, it can meet the needs of different experimental scenarios.
[0049] 4. Ensure experimental reliability: Through multiple underwater explosion tests, the similarity between the scaled-down model and the actual ship's response exceeds 80%, which greatly improves the reliability of the experimental results.
[0050] 5. Enhanced design flexibility: Nonlinear scaling design enables this method to flexibly respond to different experimental conditions and requirements, ensuring the consistency and accuracy of simulation results at different scales. Attached Figure Description
[0051] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the equivalent simulation method for impact environments of different scale models in this invention.
[0052] Figure 2 These are scaled-down schematic diagrams of equivalent structures of impact environments at different scales in embodiments of the present invention.
[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the experimental setup in this embodiment of the invention;
[0054] Figure 4 This is a simplified equivalent schematic diagram of the device in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0055] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a method for evaluating the equivalent effects of impact environments on models at different scales, comprising the following steps:
[0057] Step S1: First, derive the underwater explosion similarity law using dimensional analysis. The specific derivation formula is as follows:
[0058]
[0059] Where: p is the pressure of the shock wave; The energy impulse per unit area is w; the charge mass is E; and the energy density is E. R is the time decay constant; R is the distance from the burst center.
[0060] The derivation of the above formula is as follows:
[0061] Assume the underwater shock wave pressure is p, the impulse is I, the energy density is E, and the time decay constant is... These variables are related to the charge amount and the characteristics of the fluid medium, i.e., the charge density. Charge radius r, explosive heat Q, detonation distance R, fluid medium pressure p0, density The influence of the exponent n in the equation of state of water is shown in the following formula:
[0062]
[0063] If the explosive and fluid medium are determined, then Q, , If p0 and n are constants, then:
[0064]
[0065] Where: r can be represented as , and .
[0066] have to:
[0067]
[0068] For different detonation distances r, considering only the peak pressure of the shock wave at the moment of detonation, we can derive:
[0069]
[0070] All parameters used employ a consistent distance ratio relationship. That is, to deduce the shock wave similarity process.
[0071] Step S2: Determine the underwater shock wave similarity equation. If the model test and the physical experiment are conducted in the same medium and the model and the physical experiment use the same material, the Hopkinson similarity law must be satisfied. The specific formula is as follows:
[0072]
[0073] in: This is the model time similarity factor; This refers to the charge quantity when using the model; The amount of explosive in the actual product; This is the physical time similarity factor.
[0074] The specific derivation formula is as follows:
[0075] Satisfying the speed similarity factor:
[0076]
[0077] Satisfying density similarity factor:
[0078]
[0079] Satisfying the pressure similarity factor:
[0080]
[0081] Satisfies the energy similarity factor:
[0082]
[0083] Satisfying the time similarity factor:
[0084]
[0085] The ratio of explosive energy to explosive mass:
[0086]
[0087] And it must satisfy the time factor:
[0088]
[0089] We can then obtain:
[0090]
[0091] Step S3: When satisfying the underwater explosion similarity theory of the scaled-down model, the structural similarity law should be applied.
[0092] The structural similarity ratio between the scaled-down model's shell and the original model is:
[0093]
[0094]
[0095] Where: time is t; Poisson's ratio The tangent modulus is E T The stress is Mass density ;
[0096] The dimension is L, and other characteristic lengths are A; the elastic modulus is E; the fluid density is... The fluid compressibility modulus is K.
[0097] stress ,speed acceleration The similarity ratio is:
[0098]
[0099] The specific derivation formula is as follows:
[0100] The structural similarity ratio between the scaled-down model's shell and the original model is:
[0101]
[0102]
[0103] When the materials are basically the same and Only then can the conditions be met simultaneously: the fluid medium in both the original model and the scaled-down model is water. and Only then will the condition be met, namely:
[0104]
[0105] but:
[0106]
[0107] The structural similarity law states that the full-scale ship model and the scaled-down model use the same materials and satisfy the following geometric similarity:
[0108] (1) The engineering strain and stress of the two are consistent;
[0109] (2) The surface pressure acting on both is the same, and the magnitude of any pressure acting on the surface is equal;
[0110] (3) The tensile or compressive waves propagating in the structure are consistent;
[0111] (4) The structural speeds are consistent because speed is the ratio of distance to time, and both are expressed using... Reduction.
[0112] Assuming that all shock wave loading and structural response are perpendicular to the shell surface, the stress on the structure does not exceed the elastic limit, the maximum yield stress occurs on the outer surface of the shell, and the strain rate and gravitational field effect of the material are negligible.
[0113] The similarity between the scaled-down model and the original model is summarized in the table below:
[0114] physical quantity Original structural model compared plate thickness Structural density Young's modulus Tangent modulus Explosive charge diameter Distance of target from the explosion point Feature length Pulse duration impulse Peak pressure
[0115] Step S4: Design of a scaled-down experimental model. According to Hopkinson's similarity law, for a real ship with characteristic length L, width A, and equipment mass m, the similarity factor is... The material used is Q345 steel. In the design process, the center of gravity and buoyancy were taken into consideration, which will not be elaborated in this patent.
[0116] Equipment geometric scale model design, equipment geometric scale, i.e., mass The scaling factor is calculated using the following formula:
[0117]
[0118] Step S5, for the nonlinear model design of the buffer base, the specific formula of the nonlinear function with scaling factor is as follows:
[0119]
[0120] in: is the equipment scaling function; a is the spectral value reduction factor.
[0121] The specific derivation formula is as follows:
[0122] Acceleration spectrum reduction factor:
[0123]
[0124] Velocity spectral reduction factor:
[0125]
[0126] in: For equipment quality; Standard quality; Parameters for acceleration reduction; This is the speed reduction parameter.
[0127] Right now:
[0128]
[0129] in: is the nonlinear scaling function of the equipment; a is the spectral value reduction factor, which makes the spectral acceleration and spectral velocity of the impact environment at the equipment consistent with the original model after scaling.
[0130] Step S6, scaled-down experimental model method, selecting a shell impact factor of approximately 0.4-0.6. The shell impact factor cannot be too large. If it is too large, the similarity theory will not be applicable. If it is too small, the signal will be weak, increasing the difficulty and error of measurement.
[0131] The experiment used three different step charges with the same detonation distance to verify the accuracy of the scaling structure similarity law.
[0132] The detonation source used two units of spherical TNT explosive, which were placed horizontally in front of the center line of the real ship and the scaled-down model. The models were placed in deep, still water, so the free surface reflection effect could be ignored.
[0133] The test parameters were obtained by measuring the radial acceleration A1 at the center of the impact face of the actual ship and the scaled-down model under three different impact factors during the experiment, as well as the acceleration A2 at the base of the equipment.
[0134] Steps S7 and S8 compare the response of the scaled-down model with that of the actual ship at the impact surface. The equivalent effect of the scaled-down model in the impact environment is evaluated. If the error between the peak value and peak value time domain curve of the acceleration response of the scaled-down model and the actual ship is within 20%, then the response of the scaled-down model is considered to be equivalent to that of the actual ship model.
[0135] In summary, the underwater explosion similarity law was derived through dimensional analysis. The Hopkinson similarity law was then extended to structural geometric similarity within the same medium to satisfy the theoretical basis for the equivalence of the scaled-down underwater explosion model. A scaled-down model was designed based on the similarity law, and underwater explosion experiments were conducted in the deep sea using gradient explosive charges. Response data at the center surface and buffer base of both the full-scale ship and the scaled-down model were obtained to test the accuracy of the similarity law. The results showed that the equivalent response of the scaled-down model to the full-scale ship was more than 80% similar, meeting the equivalence requirements of different scale models in the impact environment.
[0136] In another embodiment of the present invention, a system for evaluating the equivalent effects of impact environments on models at different scales is provided. This system can be used to implement the above-described method for evaluating the equivalent effects of impact environments on models at different scales, including:
[0137] Dimensional Analysis Module: Performs dimensional analysis to derive the underwater explosion similarity law and determine the relationship between shock wave pressure, energy impulse per unit area, energy density, and time decay constant with charge mass and distance from the explosion center.
[0138] Similarity Law Calculation Module: Based on the Hopkinson similarity law, it calculates the similarity relationships between the model and the physical experiment in terms of time, pressure, and energy, and provides time similarity factor, pressure similarity factor, and energy similarity factor.
[0139] Structural Similarity Law Module: Under the premise of satisfying the underwater explosion similarity law, the structural similarity law is applied to calculate and determine the structural similarity ratio of the scaled-down model, covering physical quantities such as size, stress, density, and elastic modulus.
[0140] Scaled-down model design module: Design scaled-down experimental models based on similarity laws, determine geometric scaling factors and other key design parameters, and generate specific scaled-down model design schemes.
[0141] Nonlinear model design module: Design a nonlinear model of the buffer base, use the scaling factor nonlinear function to determine the equipment scaling function, and ensure that the model can accurately simulate the response of the actual object under different impact conditions.
[0142] Experimental simulation module: Perform scaled-down experimental model tests, select shell impact factor, verify the accuracy of scaled-down structure similarity law, and record experimental data.
[0143] Results evaluation module: Compare the response of the scaled-down model with that of the actual ship, evaluate the equivalent effect of the impact environment of the scaled-down model experiment, and ensure that the peak value of the acceleration response and the error of the peak time domain curve are within the predetermined range.
[0144] In another embodiment of the present invention, a terminal device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, which includes program instructions. The processor executes the program instructions stored in the computer storage medium. The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing and control core of the terminal, suitable for implementing one or more instructions, specifically suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions to achieve corresponding method flows or corresponding functions. The processor described in this embodiment of the present invention can be used for the operation of methods for evaluating the equivalent effects of impact environments on models of different scales.
[0145] In another embodiment of the present invention, a storage medium is provided, specifically a computer-readable storage medium (Memory). This computer-readable storage medium is a memory device in a terminal device used to store programs and data. It is understood that the computer-readable storage medium here can include both the built-in storage medium in the terminal device and extended storage media supported by the terminal device. The computer-readable storage medium provides storage space that stores the terminal's operating system. Furthermore, this storage space also stores one or more instructions suitable for loading and execution by a processor. These instructions can be one or more computer programs (including program code). It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium here can be high-speed RAM or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.
[0146] One or more instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium can be loaded and executed by a processor to implement the corresponding steps of the method for evaluating the equivalent effects of impact environments on different scale models in the above embodiments; one or more instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are loaded and executed by a processor.
[0147] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.
[0148] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.
[0149] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.
[0150] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.
[0151] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein are intended to help the reader understand the implementation methods of the present invention, and should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations based on the technical teachings disclosed in this invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these modifications and combinations are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for equivalent simulation of impact environments using models at different scales, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Using dimensional analysis, the similarity law of underwater explosions is derived to determine the relationship between shock wave pressure, energy impulse per unit area, energy density, time decay constant, charge mass, and distance from the detonation center. The formulas are as follows: ； Where: p is the pressure of the shock wave; The energy impulse per unit area is w; the charge mass is E; and the energy density is E. R is the time decay constant; R is the distance from the burst center. S2. Based on Hopkinson's similarity law, establish the similarity relationships between the model and the actual experiment in terms of time, pressure, and energy; the specific formulas are as follows: ； in: This is the model time similarity factor; This refers to the charge quantity when using the model; The amount of explosive in the actual product; The physical time similarity factor; S3. Under the premise of satisfying the underwater explosion similarity law, further apply the structural similarity law; the structural similarity ratio between the shell of the scaled-down model and the original model includes, but is not limited to, the following physical quantities: ； ； Where: time is t; Poisson's ratio The tangent modulus is E T The stress is Mass density ; The dimension is L, other characteristic lengths are A; elastic modulus is E; fluid density is... The fluid compressibility modulus is K. S4. Design a scaled-down experimental model and use Hopkinson's similarity law to determine the geometric scaling ratio, as shown in the following formula: ； S5. Design the nonlinear model of the buffer base, using a scaled-down nonlinear function: ； in: The device is a scaling function; 'a' is the spectral reduction factor. S6. Conduct scaled-down experimental model tests, select a suitable shell impact factor, and verify the accuracy of the scaled-down structure similarity law using different step charges and the same detonation distance. S7. Compare the response of the scaled-down model with that of the actual ship at the impact surface, evaluate the equivalent effect of the impact environment of the scaled-down model experiment, and ensure that the peak value and peak time domain curve error of the acceleration response of the scaled-down model and the actual ship model are within the predetermined range.
2. The method for equivalent simulation of impact environment using models at different scales according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the design of the scaled-down experimental model, the similarity factor was determined according to the Hopkinson similarity law. The actual ship model was made of Q345 steel, and the influence of center of gravity and buoyancy was considered in the design process.
3. The method for equivalent simulation of impact environments using models at different scales according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selected range for the shell impact factor is 0.4-0.
6.
4. The method for equivalent simulation of impact environments using models at different scales according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experiment used three different step charges while maintaining the same detonation distance to verify the accuracy of the scaling structure similarity law.
5. The method for equivalent simulation of impact environments using models at different scales according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test parameters are the radial acceleration data of the center of the blast face of the full ship model and the scaled-down model, which were measured in the experiment.
6. The method for equivalent simulation of impact environment using models at different scales according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the material of the scaled-down model is the same as that used in reality, the structural similarity law must be satisfied, and the following geometric similarity conditions must also be met: 1) The model's engineering strain and stress are consistent with the actual structure; 2) The surface pressure acting on the model and the actual structure is consistent, that is, any pressure acting on the surface is of equal magnitude; 3) The tensile or compressive waves propagating in the model and the actual structure are consistent; 4) The speed of the model and the actual structure are consistent because speed is the ratio of distance to time, and both are measured using the same scale.
7. A system for evaluating the equivalent effects of shock environments on models at different scales, characterized in that: This system can be used to implement the method for evaluating the equivalent effects of impact environments on different scale models as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, including: Dimensional Analysis Module: Performs dimensional analysis, derives the underwater explosion similarity law, and determines the relationship between shock wave pressure, energy impulse per unit area, energy density, and time decay constant with charge mass and distance from the explosion center; Similarity Law Calculation Module: Based on the Hopkinson similarity law, it calculates the similarity relationships between the model and the physical experiment in terms of time, pressure, and energy, and provides time similarity factor, pressure similarity factor, and energy similarity factor; Structural Similarity Law Module: Under the premise of satisfying the underwater explosion similarity law, the structural similarity law is applied to calculate and determine the structural similarity ratio of the scaled-down model, covering physical quantities such as size, stress, density, and elastic modulus; Scaled-down model design module: Design scaled-down experimental models based on similarity laws, determine geometric scaling factors and other key design parameters, and generate specific scaled-down model design schemes; Nonlinear model design module: Design a nonlinear model of the buffer base, use the scaling factor nonlinear function to determine the equipment scaling function, and ensure that the model can accurately simulate the response of the actual object under different impact conditions; Experimental simulation module: Perform scaled-down experimental model tests, select shell impact factor, verify the accuracy of scaled-down structure similarity law, and record experimental data; Results evaluation module: Compare the response of the scaled-down model with that of the actual ship, evaluate the equivalent effect of the impact environment of the scaled-down model experiment, and ensure that the peak value of the acceleration response and the error of the peak time domain curve are within the predetermined range.
8. A computer device, characterized in that: It includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the method for evaluating the equivalent effects of impact environments on different scale models as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: It stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for evaluating the equivalent effects of impact environments on different scale models as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.