A desulfurization and denitrification reactor for thermal power plants and a desulfurization and denitrification method
By using a rotating honeycomb catalyst and a closed-loop coolant circulation system, the problem of uneven mixing of ammonia and flue gas was solved, achieving efficient denitrification and energy utilization, extending catalyst life, reducing energy consumption and equipment risks, and ensuring system stability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-28
AI Technical Summary
In existing stationary SCR denitrification units in thermal power plants, the ammonia gas is not mixed evenly with the flue gas, resulting in low reaction efficiency. In some areas, the ammonia gas is too high, causing escape, while in other areas it is insufficient, which reduces the denitrification efficiency and wastes ammonia gas, while also posing a risk of secondary pollution.
The system employs a rotating honeycomb catalyst and a closed-loop coolant circulation system. The honeycomb catalyst is driven to rotate by a servo motor. Combined with the closed-loop coolant circulation and heat conduction design, it achieves uniform contact between the catalyst and the flue gas, and utilizes waste heat to preheat the ammonia, forming a closed loop for energy utilization.
It improves the contact effect between the catalyst and the flue gas, enhances the thoroughness of the denitrification reaction, extends the catalyst life, reduces energy consumption, avoids equipment damage and the risk of ammonia crystallization, and ensures stable and reliable system operation.
Smart Images
Figure CN122461886A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of desulfurization and denitrification technology, specifically a desulfurization and denitrification reactor and method for thermal power plants. Background Technology
[0002] In the process of coal-fired and gas-fired power generation, the flue gas emitted by the boiler contains a large amount of nitrogen oxides (NOx). x The nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O) in flue gas need to be converted into harmless nitrogen (N2) and water using SCR technology. Currently, thermal power plants commonly use stationary SCR denitrification units. The process involves high-temperature flue gas passing through a statically arranged honeycomb catalyst layer, while ammonia is injected simultaneously for catalytic reduction. However, this technology has a key drawback: insufficient mixing of ammonia and flue gas leads to low reaction efficiency. Due to the stationary catalyst structure and simple ammonia injection method, ammonia is unevenly distributed in the flue gas. In some areas, the ammonia concentration is too high, causing escape, while in other areas, insufficient ammonia leads to NO2 buildup. x Incomplete conversion. This uneven distribution not only reduces denitrification efficiency but also leads to ammonia waste and secondary pollution. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a desulfurization and denitrification reactor and a desulfurization and denitrification method for thermal power plants, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a desulfurization and denitrification reactor and method for thermal power plants, comprising a denitrification device and a spray desulfurization tower body. The denitrification device includes an SCR denitrification tower body. An air inlet pipe is bolted to the front end of the SCR denitrification tower body, and a support base is bolted to the outer side of the bottom end of the SCR denitrification tower body. A cooling plate is welded to the outer side of the SCR denitrification tower body, and a servo motor is bolted to the outer side of the cooling plate. A rotating shaft penetrating into the interior of the SCR denitrification tower body is bolted to the inner side of the servo motor. A honeycomb catalyst is uniformly bolted to the outer side of the rotating shaft. The radius of the honeycomb catalyst is equal to the inner diameter of the SCR denitrification tower body. A spray pipe is provided inside the SCR denitrification tower body, and the spray pipe is located above the honeycomb catalyst.
[0005] Preferably, two heat sinks are welded to the rear side of the cooling plate, and a housing is welded to the rear end of the two heat sinks. A circulation pump is bolted to the rear side of the housing, and coolant is provided inside the cooling plate, the heat sinks, and the servo motor.
[0006] Preferably, a water tank is bolted to the lower part of the heat dissipation plate, and an ammonia pipe is welded to the lower part of the water tank. A water tank is bolted to the upper part of the heat dissipation plate, and an L-shaped pipe is welded to the upper part of the water tank. The front end of the L-shaped pipe extends into the interior of the SCR denitrification tower. A spray pipe is welded to both sides of the front end of the L-shaped pipe. A thin pipe that penetrates the heat dissipation plate and extends into the interior of the water tank is uniformly welded to the upper part of the water tank.
[0007] Preferably, a connecting pipe is welded to the top of the denitrification device, and the other end of the connecting pipe is welded to the outer side of the bottom of the spray desulfurization tower.
[0008] Preferably, a filter water tank is bolted to the outside of the spray desulfurization tower body, and a long pipe located above the filter water tank is bolted to the outside of the spray desulfurization tower body. The output end of the filter water tank is bolted to the bottom of the long pipe, and a second spray pipe extending into the interior of the spray desulfurization tower body is welded to the inside of the long pipe.
[0009] Preferably, a corrugated plate is welded inside the spray desulfurization tower body, and the corrugated plate is located above the second spray pipe.
[0010] Preferably, a ring is bolted to the outer bottom end of the spray desulfurization tower body, and the input end of the filter water tank extends into the interior of the spray desulfurization tower body.
[0011] Preferably, it includes the following steps: S1: High-temperature flue gas enters the SCR denitrification tower through the inlet pipe and comes into contact with the rotating honeycomb catalyst; S2: The servo motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate the honeycomb catalyst at a speed of 5~15 rpm, so that the catalyst surface is in uniform contact with the flue gas. S3: Ammonia gas enters the system through the ammonia gas pipe and is sprayed out from the spray pipe through the L-shaped pipe. The spraying direction is at an angle of 30~45° to the rotation direction of the honeycomb catalyst. S4: The coolant flows in the circulation system consisting of the cooling plate, heat sink and housing, absorbing the heat generated by the rotating parts; S5: The heated coolant heats the ammonia gas in the thin tube and transfers the heat to the ammonia gas delivery pipeline. S6: The denitrified flue gas enters the spray desulfurization tower body through the connecting pipe; S7: The desulfurization slurry is sprayed evenly through the second spray pipe and reacts with SO in the flue gas; S8: The purified flue gas is discharged after being demisted by a corrugated plate; S9: The circulating pump maintains the circulation of coolant, and the filter water tank and long pipe constitute the desulfurization slurry circulation system.
[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention uses a servo motor to drive the honeycomb catalyst to rotate continuously, enabling the catalyst surface to dynamically and uniformly contact the flue gas, effectively avoiding the problems of local blockage and uneven utilization common in traditional fixed catalysts. This rotation mechanism not only improves the contact effect between the catalyst and the flue gas, but also achieves a self-cleaning function through centrifugal action, greatly reducing maintenance requirements. Compared with the static arrangement, this design makes the overall utilization of the catalyst more complete, the denitrification reaction more thorough, and extends the service life of the catalyst.
[0013] 2. This invention effectively controls the operating temperature of rotating parts through a closed-loop coolant circulation system, avoiding the risk of equipment damage caused by high temperature. The system adopts an integrated design, which closely integrates the cooling function with the equipment structure, ensuring cooling efficiency while simplifying the system structure. During the circulation process, the coolant can also absorb and transfer the heat generated by the parts, creating conditions for subsequent waste heat recovery and utilization, and realizing the synergistic optimization of cooling function and energy recovery.
[0014] 3. This invention utilizes the waste heat generated by the rotating components to preheat ammonia, forming a closed-loop energy utilization system. Through heat conduction design, the heat absorbed by the cooling system is effectively transferred to the ammonia delivery pipeline, raising the ammonia temperature. This linkage mechanism not only solves the energy consumption problem of traditional electric heating methods but also avoids the risk of ammonia crystallization due to excessively low temperatures, making the entire denitrification system more stable and reliable while significantly reducing energy consumption. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the denitrification device of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the spray desulfurization tower of the present invention.
[0016] In the diagram: 1. Denitrification device; 101. SCR denitrification tower body; 102. Support base; 103. Cooling plate; 104. Heat dissipation plate; 105. Servo motor; 106. Box body; 107. Circulation pump; 108. Ammonia pipe; 109. Water tank one; 110. Thin pipe; 111. Water tank two; 112. L-shaped pipe; 113. Spray pipe one; 114. Rotating shaft; 115. Honeycomb catalyst; 2. Spray desulfurization tower body; 3. Air inlet pipe; 4. Connecting pipe; 5. Filter water tank; 6. Long pipe; 7. Spray pipe two; 8. Corrugated plate; 9. Circular ring. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0018] Example 1 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a desulfurization and denitrification reactor for a thermal power plant, including a denitrification device 1 and a spray desulfurization tower 2. The denitrification device 1 includes an SCR denitrification tower 101. An air inlet pipe 3 is bolted to the front end of the SCR denitrification tower 101. A support base 102 is bolted to the outer side of the bottom end of the SCR denitrification tower 101. A cooling plate 103 is welded to the outer side of the SCR denitrification tower 101. A servo motor 105 is bolted to the outer side of the cooling plate 103. A rotating shaft 114, penetrating into the interior of the SCR denitrification tower 101, is bolted to the outer side of the rotating shaft 114. A honeycomb catalyst 115 is uniformly bolted to the outer side of the rotating shaft 114. The radius of the honeycomb catalyst 115 is equal to the inner diameter of the SCR denitrification tower 101. A spray pipe 113 is provided inside the SCR denitrification tower 101, and the spray pipe 113 is located above the honeycomb catalyst 115.
[0019] By driving the honeycomb catalyst to rotate continuously by a servo motor, the catalyst surface can dynamically and uniformly contact the flue gas, effectively avoiding the problems of local blockage and uneven utilization that are common in traditional fixed catalysts. This rotation mechanism not only improves the contact effect between the catalyst and the flue gas, but also achieves a self-cleaning function through centrifugal action, which greatly reduces maintenance requirements. Compared with the static arrangement, this design makes the overall utilization of the catalyst more complete, the denitrification reaction more thorough, and extends the service life of the catalyst.
[0020] Example 2 Two heat sinks 104 are welded to the rear side of the cooling plate 103. A housing 106 is welded to the rear end of the two heat sinks 104. A circulation pump 107 is bolted to the rear side of the housing 106. Coolant is installed inside the cooling plate 103, the heat sinks 104 and the servo motor 105.
[0021] The closed-loop coolant circulation system effectively controls the operating temperature of rotating parts, avoiding the risk of equipment damage caused by high temperatures. The system adopts an integrated design, which closely integrates the cooling function with the equipment structure, ensuring cooling efficiency while simplifying the system structure. During the circulation process, the coolant can also absorb and transfer the heat generated by the parts, creating conditions for subsequent waste heat recovery and utilization, and realizing the synergistic optimization of cooling function and energy recovery.
[0022] Example 3 Water tank 109 is bolted to the bottom of the lower heat sink 104. Ammonia pipe 108 is welded to the bottom of water tank 109. Water tank 2 111 is bolted to the top of the upper heat sink 104. L-shaped pipe 112 is welded to the top of water tank 2 111. The front end of L-shaped pipe 112 extends into the interior of SCR denitrification tower 101. Spray pipe 113 is welded to both sides of the front end of L-shaped pipe 112. Thin pipes 110 that penetrate the heat sink 104 and extend into the interior of water tank 2 111 are evenly welded to the top of water tank 109.
[0023] Waste heat generated by rotating components is used to preheat ammonia, forming a closed loop for energy utilization. Through heat conduction design, the heat absorbed by the cooling system is effectively transferred to the ammonia delivery pipeline, raising the ammonia temperature. This linkage mechanism not only solves the energy consumption problem of traditional electric heating methods but also avoids the risk of ammonia crystallization due to excessively low temperatures, making the entire denitrification system more stable and reliable while significantly reducing energy consumption.
[0024] Example 4 A connecting pipe 4 is welded to the top of the denitrification device 1, and the other end of the connecting pipe 4 is welded to the outer side of the bottom of the spray desulfurization tower body 2.
[0025] The welded structure of connecting pipe 4 enables seamless connection between the denitrification and desulfurization devices, ensuring stable flow of flue gas during the two-stage treatment process. This integrated design reduces the risk of leakage at pipe connections and optimizes the system's spatial layout, making the equipment structure more compact and facilitating installation in space-constrained power plants.
[0026] Example 5 like Figure 5 As shown, a filter water tank 5 is bolted to the outside of the spray desulfurization tower body 2, and a long pipe 6 located above the filter water tank 5 is bolted to the outside of the spray desulfurization tower body 2. The output end of the filter water tank 5 is bolted to the bottom of the long pipe 6, and a spray pipe 7 extending into the interior of the spray desulfurization tower body 2 is welded to the inside of the long pipe 6.
[0027] The modular installation structure of the filter tank 5 and the long pipe 6 facilitates maintenance and repair, while the built-in design of the spray pipe 7 ensures uniform distribution of the desulfurization slurry. This arrangement improves the slurry coverage and reaction efficiency, while the external circulation system components facilitate daily inspection and maintenance, reducing operating costs.
[0028] Example 6 The interior of the spray desulfurization tower body 2 is welded with a corrugated plate 8, which is located above the spray pipe 7.
[0029] The optimized arrangement of the corrugated plate 8 effectively intercepts droplets and particulate matter in the flue gas, significantly improving the demisting efficiency; its structural design above the spray pipe extends the gas-liquid separation path, greatly reducing the moisture content of the purified flue gas and meeting the stringent emission standards.
[0030] Example 7 A ring 9 is bolted to the outer bottom of the spray desulfurization tower body 2, and the inlet end of the filter water tank 5 extends into the interior of the spray desulfurization tower body 2.
[0031] The circular ring 9 installed at the bottom enables efficient recycling of the desulfurization slurry, forming a complete slurry treatment system in conjunction with the filter water tank 5. This design ensures the continuity of the desulfurization reaction and allows for timely discharge of reaction products, maintaining stable system operation.
[0032] Example 8 Desulfurization and denitrification methods include the following steps: S1: High-temperature flue gas enters the SCR denitrification tower 101 through the inlet pipe 3 and comes into contact with the rotating honeycomb catalyst 115; S2: Servo motor 105 drives shaft 114 to rotate honeycomb catalyst 115 at a speed of 5-15 rpm, so that the catalyst surface is in uniform contact with flue gas. S3: Ammonia gas enters the system through ammonia pipe 108 and is sprayed out from spray pipe 113 through L-shaped pipe 112. The spraying direction is at an angle of 30-45° to the rotation direction of honeycomb catalyst 115. S4: The coolant flows in the circulation system consisting of the cooling plate 103, the heat dissipation plate 104 and the housing 106, absorbing the heat generated by the rotating parts; S5: The heated coolant heats the ammonia gas in the thin tube 110 and transfers the heat to the ammonia gas delivery pipeline. S6: The denitrified flue gas enters the spray desulfurization tower body 2 through the connecting pipe 4; S7: Desulfurization slurry is evenly sprayed through spray pipe 7 and reacts with SO2 in the flue gas; S8: The purified flue gas is discharged after being demisted by the corrugated plate 8; S9: Circulation pump 107 maintains coolant circulation, and filter water tank 5 and long pipe 6 constitute the desulfurization slurry circulation system.
[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0034] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A desulfurization and denitrification reactor for a thermal power plant, comprising a denitrification device (1) and a spray desulfurization tower (2), characterized in that: The denitrification device (1) includes an SCR denitrification tower body (101). An air inlet pipe (3) is bolted to the front end of the SCR denitrification tower body (101). A support base (102) is bolted to the outer side of the bottom end of the SCR denitrification tower body (101). A cooling plate (103) is welded to the outer side of the SCR denitrification tower body (101). A servo motor (105) is bolted to the outer side of the cooling plate (103). A rotating shaft (114) that penetrates into the interior of the SCR denitrification tower body (101) is bolted to the inner side of the servo motor (105). A honeycomb catalyst (115) is bolted uniformly to the outer side of the rotating shaft (114). The radius of the honeycomb catalyst (115) is equal to the inner diameter of the SCR denitrification tower body (101). A spray pipe (113) is provided inside the SCR denitrification tower body (101). The spray pipe (113) is located above the honeycomb catalyst (115).
2. The desulfurization and denitrification reactor for thermal power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two heat sinks (104) are welded to the rear side of the cooling plate (103), and a box (106) is welded to the rear end of the two heat sinks (104). A circulation pump (107) is bolted to the rear side of the box (106), and coolant is provided inside the cooling plate (103), the heat sink (104) and the servo motor (105).
3. A desulfurization and denitrification reactor for a thermal power plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: A water tank (109) is bolted to the bottom of the heat dissipation plate (104) below. An ammonia pipe (108) is welded to the bottom of the water tank (109). A water tank (111) is bolted to the top of the heat dissipation plate (104) above. An L-shaped pipe (112) is welded to the top of the water tank (111). The front end of the L-shaped pipe (112) extends into the interior of the SCR denitrification tower (101). A spray pipe (113) is welded to both sides of the front end of the L-shaped pipe (112). A thin pipe (110) is evenly welded to the top of the water tank (109) above, penetrating the heat dissipation plate (104) and extending into the interior of the water tank (111).
4. A desulfurization and denitrification reactor for a thermal power plant according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the denitrification device (1) is welded with a connecting pipe (4), and the other end of the connecting pipe (4) is welded to the outside of the bottom of the spray desulfurization tower body (2).
5. A desulfurization and denitrification reactor for a thermal power plant according to claim 4, characterized in that: A filter water tank (5) is bolted on the outside of the spray desulfurization tower body (2). A long pipe (6) located above the filter water tank (5) is bolted on the outside of the spray desulfurization tower body (2). The output end of the filter water tank (5) is bolted to the bottom of the long pipe (6). A second spray pipe (7) extending into the interior of the spray desulfurization tower body (2) is welded to the inside of the long pipe (6).
6. A desulfurization and denitrification reactor for a thermal power plant according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inside of the spray desulfurization tower body (2) is welded with a corrugated plate (8), which is located above the spray pipe (7).
7. A desulfurization and denitrification reactor for a thermal power plant according to claim 6, characterized in that: A ring (9) is bolted to the outer bottom of the spray desulfurization tower body (2), and the input end of the filter water tank (5) extends into the interior of the spray desulfurization tower body (2).
8. The desulfurization and denitrification method for a desulfurization and denitrification reactor in a thermal power plant according to claim 7, characterized in that, Desulfurization and denitrification methods include the following steps: S1: High-temperature flue gas enters the SCR denitrification tower (101) through the inlet pipe (3) and comes into contact with the rotating honeycomb catalyst (115); S2: The servo motor (105) drives the rotating shaft (114) to rotate the honeycomb catalyst (115) at a speed of 5-15 rpm, so that the catalyst surface is in uniform contact with the flue gas. S3: Ammonia gas enters the system through the ammonia gas pipe (108) and is sprayed out from the spray pipe (113) through the L-shaped pipe (112). The spraying direction is at an angle of 30-45° to the rotation direction of the honeycomb catalyst (115). S4: The coolant flows in the circulation system consisting of the cooling plate (103), the heat dissipation plate (104) and the box (106) to absorb the heat generated by the rotating parts; S5: The heated coolant heats the ammonia gas in the thin tube (110) and transfers the heat to the ammonia gas delivery pipeline. S6: The denitrified flue gas enters the spray desulfurization tower body (2) through the connecting pipe (4); S7: The desulfurization slurry is sprayed evenly through the second (7) spray pipe and reacts with SO2 in the flue gas; S8: The purified flue gas is discharged after being demisted by the corrugated plate (8); S9: The circulating pump (107) maintains the circulation of coolant, and the filter tank (5) and the long pipe (6) constitute the desulfurization slurry circulation system.