High-precision position selection phase adjustment device and antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a high-precision selected displacement phase adjusting device and an antenna. The selected displacement phase adjusting device comprises a phase-shifting device, a selected position device and a locking device. The phase-shifting device comprises a phase-shifting driving assembly, a transmission shaft, a first phase-shifting driving gear, a second phase-shifting driving gear, a phase-shifting driven gear set and a plurality of phase-shifting racks. The phase-shifting driven gear set comprises a large gear and a small gear which are coaxially connected, and the small gear is engaged with the corresponding phase-shifting rack. The selected position device comprises a selected position driving assembly and a selected position rack. The front surface of the phase-shifting rack is provided with an adjusting tooth, and the back surface is provided with a plurality of locking grooves. The tooth number ratio of the large gear to the small gear is 2:1, and the number ratio of the adjusting tooth to the locking groove is 1:2. Through the above structure, the phase-shifting step distance and the locking groove distance are one-to-one corresponding, so that the locking ribs can be accurately inserted into the corresponding locking grooves after each phase-shifting adjustment is completed, the reliability of the adjustment process and the stability of the long-term operation of the antenna are greatly improved, and the requirements of the 5G and future higher frequency communication systems on the antenna beam pointing precision are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antennas, and in particular to a high-precision selective phase shift adjustment device and antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, base station antennas are evolving towards multi-band, integration, and miniaturization. As a core component of base station antennas, the electrically tunable downtilt adjustment device directly affects the antenna's radiation performance and network coverage quality due to its adjustment accuracy, structural compactness, and reliability. Currently, most common multi-frequency antenna selection phase shift adjustment devices employ a screw-driven structure, such as the Chinese patent "A Multi-Frequency Antenna Selection Phase Shift Linkage Mechanism and Antenna Thereof." This mechanism uses the rotation of a selection screw to drive the selection phase shift gear set to move axially, achieving meshing between the phase shift gear and different phase shift racks, thereby completing the downtilt adjustment. However, this structure has the following shortcomings in practical applications: 1. Screw drives have inherent thread clearance, and long-term use will further increase the clearance due to thread wear, resulting in a decrease in positioning accuracy and phase shift adjustment accuracy. At the same time, in the existing structure, the rotation of the phase shift drive gear by one tooth pitch corresponds to the phase shift rack moving by one complete adjustment tooth pitch, and the phase shift step is large, which cannot achieve more precise downtilt angle adjustment and is difficult to meet the stringent requirements of 5G and above communication systems for antenna beam pointing accuracy.

[0003] 2. The existing locking mechanism does not achieve a precise correspondence between the locking groove spacing and the phase shift step, which easily leads to problems such as the locking rib not being able to be accurately inserted into the locking groove, the locking not being secure, the unlocking not being complete, or mis-locking, which seriously affects the reliability of adjustment and the stability of antenna performance.

[0004] 3. Screw drives have high frictional resistance and low transmission efficiency, and require extremely high precision in the machining and assembly of the screw and nut, which increases manufacturing costs and assembly difficulty.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-precision, compact, and highly reliable phase-shifting adjustment device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a high-precision selective phase shift adjustment device and antenna.

[0007] One embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution to solve its technical problem: a high-precision phase-shifting adjustment device, comprising a phase-shifting device, a positioning device, and a locking device; The phase-shifting device includes a phase-shifting drive assembly, a transmission shaft, a first phase-shifting drive gear, a second phase-shifting drive gear, a phase-shifting driven gear set, and multiple phase-shifting racks. The phase-shifting drive assembly is used to drive the transmission shaft to rotate. The first phase-shifting drive gear and the second phase-shifting drive gear are sleeved on the transmission shaft and can move along its axial direction. When the transmission shaft rotates, it drives the first phase-shifting drive gear and the second phase-shifting drive gear to rotate synchronously. Multiple sets of phase-shifting driven gears are distributed along the axial direction of the transmission shaft. Each set of phase-shifting driven gears includes a large gear and a small gear connected coaxially. The small gear meshes with the corresponding phase-shifting rack. When the first or second phase-shifting driving gear meshes with the large gear, it drives the set of phase-shifting driven gears to rotate, thereby driving the corresponding phase-shifting rack to move. The positioning device includes a positioning drive assembly and a positioning rack. The positioning drive assembly drives the positioning rack to move axially along the transmission shaft, and drives the first phase-shifting drive gear and the second phase-shifting drive gear to move to mesh with the large gear corresponding to the target phase-shifting rack. The front of the phase-shifting rack has adjusting teeth and the back has several locking grooves. The ratio of the number of teeth of the large gear to the small gear is 2:1, and the ratio of the number of adjusting teeth to the number of locking grooves is 1:2. The phase-shifting rack moves by half the distance of the adjusting teeth when the first phase-shifting drive gear and the second phase-shifting drive gear rotate by one tooth pitch, so as to correspond to the position of one locking groove.

[0008] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the phase-shifting drive assembly includes a phase-shifting input shaft sleeve, a phase-shifting adapter gear, a phase-shifting driving bevel gear, and a phase-shifting driven bevel gear; The phase-shifting input shaft sleeve is equipped with a spur gear that meshes with the phase-shifting adapter gear; The phase-shifting adapter gear and the phase-shifting driving bevel gear rotate synchronously; The phase-shifting driving bevel gear meshes with the phase-shifting driven bevel gear; The phase-shifting driven bevel gear is mounted on the transmission shaft and drives it to rotate.

[0009] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the positioning drive assembly includes a positioning input sleeve and a positioning drive gear. The positioning drive gear is coaxially connected to the positioning input sleeve and meshes with the positioning rack to drive the positioning rack to move axially along the transmission shaft.

[0010] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the locking device includes a locking member and a reset spring. The locking member is provided with a locking rib that cooperates with the locking groove on its inner side below. When the reset spring lifts the locking member, the locking rib is inserted into the locking groove to restrict the movement of the phase shift rack.

[0011] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the locking member is provided with a first protrusion on the top and the selection rack is provided with a second protrusion. When the first phase shifting drive gear or the second phase shifting drive gear moves to mesh with the large gear corresponding to the target phase shifting rack, the second protrusion can press against the first protrusion and push the locking member down, so that the locking rib disengages from the locking groove, so that the phase shifting rack is in the unlocked state.

[0012] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the first protrusion is conical and the second protrusion is trapezoidal.

[0013] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, each set of phase-shifting racks is independently equipped with a locking device.

[0014] An antenna comprising the aforementioned device.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: A high-precision selective phase shift adjustment device and antenna are provided. The selective phase shift adjustment device includes a phase shifting device, a positioning device, and a locking device. The phase shifting device includes a phase shifting drive assembly, a transmission shaft, a first phase shifting drive gear, a second phase shifting drive gear, a phase shifting driven gear set, and multiple phase shifting racks. The phase shifting driven gear set includes a large gear and a small gear coaxially connected, with the small gear meshing with the corresponding phase shifting rack. The positioning device includes a positioning drive assembly and a positioning rack. The front of the phase shifting rack is provided with adjusting teeth, and the back is provided with several locking grooves. The ratio of the number of teeth of the large gear to the small gear is 2:1, and the ratio of the number of adjusting teeth to the number of locking grooves is 1:2. Through the above structure, the phase shifting step and the locking groove spacing correspond one-to-one, ensuring that after each phase shift adjustment, the locking rib can be accurately inserted into the corresponding locking groove, which greatly improves the reliability of the adjustment process and the stability of the antenna's long-term operation, meeting the requirements of 5G and future higher frequency band communication systems for antenna beam pointing accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of a high-precision selective phase shift adjustment device; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of a high-precision selective phase adjustment device; Figure 3 This is a first cross-sectional view of a high-precision selective phase adjustment device; Figure 4 This is a second cross-sectional view of a high-precision phase-shifting adjustment device. Detailed Implementation

[0017] This section will describe in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] In the description of this invention, "multiple" means two or more; "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number; "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0020] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "setting," "installing," and "connecting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrally formed connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0021] Reference Figures 1-4The present invention also provides a high-precision selection phase shift adjustment device and an antenna including the selection phase shift adjustment device. The selection phase shift adjustment device includes a phase shifting device 100, a positioning device 200, a locking device 300, a top cover 400, and a base 500. The top cover 400 and the base 500 are fixedly connected by detachable structures such as bolts, forming a closed receiving space. The phase shifting device 100, the positioning device 200, and the locking device 300 are all received and fixed within this space, forming an integrated and compact structure. Both the top cover 400 and the base 500 are made of high-strength flame-retardant engineering plastic injection molding. The base is molded and features light weight, high strength, good insulation, and strong weather resistance, making it suitable for harsh outdoor environments. The base 500 has multiple positioning posts, mounting slots, and snap-fit ​​structures integrally molded for positioning and fixing the various components of the transmission shaft 120, phase-shifting drive assembly 110, position-selection drive assembly 210, and locking device 300. Assembly can be completed without additional positioning fixtures, greatly improving production efficiency. The top cover 400 has circular clearance holes at the positions corresponding to the phase-shifting input shaft sleeve 111 and the position-selection input shaft sleeve 211, facilitating quick docking with external RCUs.

[0022] Reference Figures 1-4 The phase-shifting device 100 is used to convert rotational power into linear motion of the phase-shifting rack to achieve downtilt adjustment of the electrically adjustable antenna. It includes a phase-shifting drive assembly 110, a transmission shaft 120, a first phase-shifting drive gear 130, a second phase-shifting drive gear 140, multiple sets of phase-shifting driven gear sets 150, and multiple phase-shifting racks 160. Specifically: The transmission shaft 120 is horizontally arranged in the mounting groove of the base 500. Bushings are provided at both ends of the shaft and the base 500. These bushings are made of wear-resistant, self-lubricating engineering plastic, providing stable radial support for the transmission shaft 120, effectively reducing rotational friction, lowering noise, and extending the service life of the mechanism. The first phase-shifting drive gear 130 and the second phase-shifting drive gear 140 are sleeved on the transmission shaft 120 via a spline structure. The spline structure design allows both gears to slide freely along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 120 and rotate synchronously with it. To ensure reliable power transmission, multiple sets of phase-shifting driven gear sets 150 are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 120. Each set of phase-shifting driven gear sets 150 is rotatably mounted on the base 500 via a shaft, including a large gear 151 and a small gear 152 coaxially fixedly connected. The large gear 151 is used to mesh with the first phase-shifting driving gear 130 or the second phase-shifting driving gear 140, and the small gear 152 meshes with the adjusting teeth 161 on the front of the corresponding phase-shifting rack 160. In this embodiment, the tooth ratio of the large gear 151 to the small gear 152 is set to 2:1.

[0023] Multiple phase-shifting racks 160 are arranged parallel to each other along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 120, with their extension direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the transmission shaft 120. One end of each phase-shifting rack 160 is connected to the corresponding phase shifter. Adjusting teeth 161 are evenly arranged on the front side of the phase-shifting rack 160, and several locking grooves 162 are evenly arranged on the back side. The ratio of the number of adjusting teeth 161 to the number of locking grooves 162 is 1:2, that is, each adjusting tooth corresponds to two locking grooves. Through the coordination of the above tooth ratio and quantity ratio, when the first phase-shifting drive gear 130 or the second phase-shifting drive gear 140 rotates by one tooth pitch, the large gear 151 rotates synchronously by one tooth pitch, driving the coaxial small gear 152 to rotate by two tooth pitches, and finally driving the phase-shifting rack 160 to move by half the distance of the adjusting teeth 161, which corresponds exactly to the position of one locking groove 162, thus realizing the halving of the phase-shifting step distance and the doubling of the accuracy.

[0024] The phase-shifting drive assembly 110 provides rotational power to the transmission shaft 120 and includes a phase-shifting input sleeve 111, a phase-shifting adapter gear 112, a phase-shifting driving bevel gear 113, and a phase-shifting driven bevel gear 114. The phase-shifting input sleeve 111 can be connected to the output shaft of an external remote control unit (RCU). A spur gear 115 is integrally formed on its outer wall, and the spur gear 115 meshes with the phase-shifting adapter gear 112. The phase-shifting adapter gear 112 and the phase-shifting driving bevel gear 113 are fixedly connected through the same shaft to achieve synchronous rotation. The phase-shifting driving bevel gear 113 meshes vertically with the phase-shifting driven bevel gear 114 to convert the horizontal rotational motion into the vertical rotational motion. The phase-shifting driven bevel gear 114 is fixedly sleeved on one end of the transmission shaft 120, driving the transmission shaft 120 to rotate synchronously.

[0025] Reference Figures 1-4 The positioning device 200 is used to drive the first phase-shifting drive gear 130 and the second phase-shifting drive gear 140 to move axially along the transmission shaft 120, thereby achieving meshing switching with different phase-shifting driven gear sets 150. It includes a positioning drive assembly 210 and a positioning rack 220, specifically: The positioning drive assembly 210 includes a positioning input sleeve 211 and a positioning drive gear 212. The positioning input sleeve 211 can also be connected to the output shaft of an external RCU. The positioning drive gear 212 is coaxially fixedly connected to the positioning input sleeve 211 and meshes with the positioning rack 220. The positioning rack 220 is arranged parallel to the transmission shaft 120, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the hubs of the first phase-shifting drive gear 130 and the second phase-shifting drive gear 140 through bearings, respectively. When the positioning drive gear 212 rotates, it drives the positioning rack 220 to move axially along the transmission shaft 120, thereby driving the two first phase-shifting drive gears 130 and the second phase-shifting drive gear 140 to slide synchronously, realizing meshing with the target phase-shifting driven gear set 150. In this embodiment, the positioning rack 220 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy extrusion molding, which combines lightweight and high rigidity to ensure the speed and stability of the positioning process.

[0026] Reference Figures 1-4 The locking device 300 is used to lock the phase-shifting rack 160 in the non-adjusted state to prevent it from being accidentally displaced due to external factors. Each set of phase-shifting racks 160 is independently equipped with a locking device 300. Preferably, the locking device 300 includes a locking element 310 and a reset spring 320. Specifically: The locking member 310 is slidably mounted on the base 500. Its lower inner side is integrally formed with a locking rib 311 that matches the locking groove 162 on the back of the phase-shifting rack 160, and its top is provided with a first protrusion 312. In this embodiment, the first protrusion 312 is conical, and its slope angle is optimized to ensure a smooth and impact-free unlocking process. Correspondingly, the lower surface of the positioning rack 220 is provided with multiple second protrusions 221. The second protrusions 221 are trapezoidal, and their number corresponds to the number of protrusions on the phase-shifting rack 160. The quantities are consistent and the positions correspond one-to-one; when the selected rack 220 drives the phase-shifting drive gear to mesh with the target phase-shifting driven gear set 150, the corresponding second protrusion 221 moves just above the first protrusion 312 of the locking member 310. Through the smooth cooperation of the trapezoidal inclined surface and the conical inclined surface, it presses down on the locking member 310, overcomes the elastic force of the reset spring 320, and makes the locking member 310 slide, causing the locking rib 311 to disengage from the locking groove 162, so that the target phase-shifting rack 160 is in the unlocked state.

[0027] The reset spring 320 is a U-shaped elastic stainless steel sheet. One end of it is fixed to the base 500 by a screw, and the other end abuts against the bottom of the locking member 310, so as to provide a continuous upward reset force to the locking member 310. In the natural state, the reset spring 320 lifts the locking member 310, so that the locking rib 311 is inserted into the locking groove 162 of the phase shift rack 160, restricting the forward and backward movement of the phase shift rack 160 and achieving reliable locking.

[0028] Based on the above structure, the working principle of this high-precision selective phase adjustment device will be explained in detail below: ① Site selection process When it is necessary to adjust the downtilt angle of an antenna in a certain frequency band, the external RCU outputs rotational power to drive the selection input sleeve 211 to rotate, which in turn drives the coaxial selection drive gear 212 to rotate synchronously. The selection drive gear 212 meshes with the selection rack 220, converting the rotational motion into linear motion of the selection rack 220 along the transmission shaft 120. The selection rack 220 drives the first phase-shifting drive gear 130 and the second phase-shifting drive gear 140 to slide synchronously along the transmission shaft 120 through the bearings at both ends, until the large gear 151 corresponding to the target phase-shifting driven gear set 150 meshes with the first phase-shifting drive gear 130 or the second phase-shifting drive gear 140, thus completing the selection operation.

[0029] ②Unlocking process During the positioning process, when the positioning rack 220 approaches the target position, the trapezoidal second protrusion 221 on its lower surface begins to contact the conical first protrusion 312 on the top of the locking member 310. As the positioning rack 220 continues to move, the trapezoidal inclined surface gradually presses down on the conical inclined surface, pushing the locking member 310 to rotate smoothly downward around the hinge point and compressing the reset spring 320. When the first phase-shifting drive gear 130 or the second phase-shifting drive gear 140 meshes with the target large gear 151, the locking rib 311 below the locking member 310 disengages from the locking groove 162 on the back of the phase-shifting rack 160, the target phase-shifting rack 160 is unlocked, and phase-shifting adjustment can be performed.

[0030] ③ Phase shifting adjustment process After the target phase-shifting rack 160 is unlocked, the external RCU drives the phase-shifting input shaft sleeve 111 to rotate, which in turn drives the spur gear 115 on its outer wall to rotate synchronously. The spur gear 115 drives the phase-shifting adapter gear 112 to rotate, which in turn drives the coaxial phase-shifting active bevel gear 113 to rotate. The phase-shifting active bevel gear 113 meshes with the phase-shifting driven bevel gear 114, transmitting the rotational motion to the transmission shaft 120, which drives the transmission shaft 120 to rotate around its own axis. The transmission shaft 120 drives the first phase-shifting active gear 130 and the second phase-shifting active gear 140 to rotate synchronously through a spline structure. The phase-shifting active gear meshing with the target large gear 151 drives the large gear 151 to rotate, which in turn drives the coaxial small gear 152 to rotate synchronously. The small gear 152 meshes with the adjusting tooth 161 on the front of the phase-shifting rack 160, driving the phase-shifting rack 160 to move back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the transmission shaft 120, which in turn drives the phase shifter connected to the phase-shifting rack 160 to operate, thereby achieving the adjustment of the antenna downtilt angle.

[0031] Since the ratio of the number of teeth of the large gear 151 to the small gear 152 is 2:1, and the ratio of the number of adjusting teeth 161 to the number of locking grooves 162 is 1:2, for every tooth pitch rotated by the phase-shifting drive gear, the phase-shifting rack 160 only moves half the distance of the adjusting teeth. Compared with the traditional screw drive structure, the phase-shifting adjustment accuracy is doubled. At the same time, after each phase-shifting adjustment is completed, the stopping position of the phase-shifting rack 160 corresponds exactly to a locking groove 162, providing a precise positional basis for subsequent reliable locking.

[0032] ④ Reset and lockout process After the phase shift adjustment is completed, the external RCU drives the selection input sleeve 211 to rotate in the opposite direction, driving the selection rack 220 to reset to the initial position; the trapezoidal second protrusion 221 on the selection rack 220 gradually disengages from the conical first protrusion 312 of the locking member 310, releasing the downward pressure on the locking member 310; under the elastic force of the reset spring 320, the locking member 310 slides back to reset, and the locking rib 311 below it re-inserts into the corresponding locking groove 162 on the back of the phase shift rack 160, locking the phase shift rack 160; the selection rack 220 continues to reset to the initial position, waiting for the next adjustment command.

[0033] The advantages of this invention are: the above structure ensures that the phase shift step and the locking groove spacing correspond one-to-one, ensuring that the locking rib can be accurately inserted into the corresponding locking groove after each phase shift adjustment, which greatly improves the reliability of the adjustment process and the stability of the antenna during long-term operation, and meets the requirements of 5G and future higher frequency band communication systems for antenna beam pointing accuracy.

[0034] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. All such equivalent modifications and substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A high-precision selective phase shift adjustment device, characterized in that: It includes a phase shifting device (100), a positioning device (200), and a locking device (300); The phase-shifting device (100) includes a phase-shifting drive assembly (110), a transmission shaft (120), a first phase-shifting drive gear (130), a second phase-shifting drive gear (140), a phase-shifting driven gear set (150), and a plurality of phase-shifting racks (160). The phase-shifting drive assembly (110) is used to drive the transmission shaft (120) to rotate. The first phase-shifting drive gear (130) and the second phase-shifting drive gear (140) are sleeved on the transmission shaft (120) and can move along its axial direction. When the transmission shaft (120) rotates, it drives the first phase-shifting drive gear (130) and the second phase-shifting drive gear (140) to rotate synchronously. Multiple sets of the phase-shifting driven gear sets (150) are arranged axially along the transmission shaft (120). Each set of phase-shifting driven gear sets (150) includes a large gear (151) and a small gear (152) connected coaxially. The small gear (152) meshes with the corresponding phase-shifting rack (160). When the first phase-shifting driving gear (130) or the second phase-shifting driving gear (140) meshes with the large gear (151), it drives the set of phase-shifting driven gear sets (150) to rotate, thereby driving the corresponding phase-shifting rack (160) to move. The positioning device (200) includes a positioning drive assembly (210) and a positioning rack (220). The positioning drive assembly (210) drives the positioning rack (220) to move axially along the transmission shaft (120), and drives the first phase-shifting drive gear (130) and the second phase-shifting drive gear (140) to mesh with the large gear (151) corresponding to the target phase-shifting rack (160). The phase-shifting rack (160) has an adjusting tooth (161) on its front side and several locking grooves (162) on its back side. The ratio of the number of teeth of the large gear (151) to the small gear (152) is 2:1, and the ratio of the number of adjusting teeth (161) to the number of locking grooves (162) is 1:

2. The phase-shifting rack (160) moves by half the distance of the adjusting tooth (161) when the first phase-shifting drive gear (130) and the second phase-shifting drive gear (140) rotate by one tooth pitch, so as to correspond to the position of one locking groove (162).

2. The high-precision selective phase-shifting adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase-shifting drive assembly (110) includes a phase-shifting input shaft sleeve (111), a phase-shifting adapter gear (112), a phase-shifting driving bevel gear (113), and a phase-shifting driven bevel gear (114). The phase-shifting input shaft sleeve (111) is provided with a spur gear (115) that meshes with the phase-shifting adapter gear (112). The phase-shifting adapter gear (112) rotates synchronously with the phase-shifting drive bevel gear (113); The phase-shifting driving bevel gear (113) meshes with the phase-shifting driven bevel gear (114); The phase-shifting driven bevel gear (114) is mounted on the transmission shaft (120) and drives it to rotate.

3. The high-precision selective phase-shifting adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning drive assembly (210) includes a positioning input sleeve (211) and a positioning drive gear (212). The positioning drive gear (212) is coaxially connected to the positioning input sleeve (211) and meshes with the positioning rack (220) to drive the positioning rack (220) to move axially along the transmission shaft (120).

4. The high-precision selective phase-shifting adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking device (300) includes a locking member (310) and a reset spring (320). The locking member (310) has a locking rib (311) on its inner side below, which cooperates with the locking groove (162). When the reset spring (320) lifts the locking member (310), the locking rib (311) is inserted into the locking groove (162) to restrict the movement of the phase shift rack (160).

5. The high-precision selective phase-shifting adjustment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking member (310) has a first protrusion (312) on its top and a second protrusion (221) on its positioning rack (220). The second protrusion (221) can press against the first protrusion (312) and push the locking member (310) down when the first phase-shifting drive gear (130) or the second phase-shifting drive gear (140) moves to mesh with the large gear (151) corresponding to the target phase-shifting rack (160), so that the locking rib (311) disengages from the locking groove (162) and the phase-shifting rack (160) is in the unlocked state.

6. The high-precision selective phase-shifting adjustment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first protrusion (312) is conical, and the second protrusion (221) is trapezoidal.

7. The high-precision selective phase-shifting adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each set of phase-shifting racks (160) is independently equipped with a locking device (300).

8. An antenna, characterized in that: Includes the apparatus according to any one of claims 1-7.

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