Peak regulation and frequency modulation coordination method and device for pumped storage unit

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of electric power, and discloses a peak regulation and frequency modulation coordination method and device for pumped storage units, which comprises the following steps: in response to a load instruction issued by a power grid, a target function with the minimum daily power generation water consumption rate as an optimization target is determined, and corresponding unit instructions are sent to each unit according to the target function; wherein the daily power generation water consumption rate is the ratio of the total power generation flow to the total power output within a day; water consumption data and water supplement data of each unit are obtained, and a real-time reservoir capacity value of the reservoir is calculated, which is fed back to the power grid for generation of a load instruction in the next period; a real-time water head value corresponding to the reservoir capacity value is calculated based on the reservoir capacity-head characteristic curve of the reservoir, and the frequency modulation power limit value of the unit at the current time is calculated according to the real-time reservoir capacity value and the real-time water head value, so as to serve as a response constraint condition for frequency modulation; the power grid frequency fluctuation is responded to within the frequency modulation capacity range determined by the frequency modulation power limit value, and frequency modulation instructions are output to each unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power, and particularly relates to a method and apparatus for peak shaving and frequency regulation coordination of pumped storage units. Background Technology

[0002] Pumped storage units are an important flexible regulation resource in the power system, undertaking multiple tasks such as peak shaving, frequency regulation, phase regulation, and reserve. With the large-scale integration of new energy sources, the operation mode of the power grid is becoming increasingly dynamic and complex, which places higher demands on the regulation capabilities of pumped storage units. They need to shift from intermittent operation to a mode of long-term online operation and frequent switching between multiple operating conditions to support the stability of power grid frequency and voltage.

[0003] In related technologies, research on pumped storage units typically separates peak shaving and frequency regulation: peak shaving studies focus on hourly load distribution, balancing grid supply and demand by optimizing unit start-up, shutdown, and output plans; frequency regulation studies focus on second-level rapid response, using governors to control unit output to maintain frequency stability. This segmented research approach ignores the coupling relationship between the two in actual operation—each peak shaving operation (power generation or pumping) changes the capacity of the upstream reservoir, and this change directly affects the available water volume for subsequent peak shaving and the dynamic adjustment capability of frequency regulation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention discloses a peak-shaving and frequency regulation coordination method and device for pumped storage units, which can solve the shortcomings of related technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention discloses the following technical solution: According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for coordinated peak shaving and frequency regulation of pumped storage units is proposed, comprising: In response to load commands issued by the power grid, an objective function is determined with the minimum daily power generation water consumption rate as the optimization objective, and corresponding unit commands are sent to each generating unit according to the objective function; wherein, the daily power generation water consumption rate is the ratio of the total power generation flow to the total output during the day; The water consumption and replenishment data of each generating unit are acquired, and the real-time reservoir capacity is calculated. The real-time reservoir capacity is fed back to the power grid for the generation of load commands for the next period. The real-time head value corresponding to the reservoir capacity value is calculated based on the reservoir capacity-head characteristic curve, and the frequency regulation power limit of the unit at the current moment is calculated based on the real-time reservoir capacity value and the real-time head value, as a response constraint condition for frequency regulation. Within the frequency regulation capability range determined by the frequency regulation power limit constraint, the generator responds to grid frequency fluctuations and outputs frequency regulation commands to each generating unit.

[0006] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a peak-shaving and frequency-regulating coordination device for pumped storage units is provided, comprising: The transmitting unit is used to respond to the load command issued by the power grid, determine the objective function with the minimum daily power generation water consumption rate as the optimization objective, and send the corresponding unit command to each unit according to the objective function; wherein, the daily power generation water consumption rate is the ratio of the total power generation flow to the total output during the day; The acquisition unit is used to acquire water consumption data and water replenishment data of each unit, and calculate the real-time reservoir capacity value. The real-time reservoir capacity value is fed back to the power grid for generating load instructions for the next period. The calculation unit is used to calculate the real-time head value corresponding to the reservoir capacity value based on the reservoir capacity-head characteristic curve, and to calculate the frequency regulation power limit of the unit at the current moment based on the real-time reservoir capacity value and the real-time head value, so as to serve as the frequency regulation response constraint condition. The frequency modulation unit is used to respond to grid frequency fluctuations within the frequency modulation capability range determined by the frequency modulation power limit constraint and output frequency modulation commands to each generating unit.

[0007] According to a third aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, comprising: processor; Memory used to store processor-executable instructions; The processor implements the steps of the method as described in the first aspect by running the executable instructions.

[0008] According to a fourth aspect of the invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having computer instructions stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.

[0009] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the peak-shaving and frequency regulation coordination method and device for pumped storage units disclosed in this invention are as follows: It elevates reservoir capacity from a traditional static constraint variable to a dynamic feedback core. By updating the reservoir capacity in real time and calculating the current head, the upper limit of the adjustable frequency power of the unit is dynamically determined based on the real-time reservoir capacity. This makes the frequency regulation capability no longer a fixed value, but a dynamic variable that adjusts in real time according to changes in reservoir capacity. This mechanism achieves dynamic coupling of the peak-shaving process and the frequency regulation process across two time scales, reflecting the constraint relationship between water balance and regulation capability of pumped storage units in actual operation. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a peak-shaving and frequency regulation coordination method for pumped storage units, provided in an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a peak-shaving and frequency-modulating coupling model provided in an exemplary embodiment; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of unit output distribution provided in an exemplary embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a device provided in an exemplary embodiment; Figure 5 This is a block diagram of a peak-shaving and frequency-regulating coordination device for a pumped storage unit, provided in an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0011] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with one or more embodiments of the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of one or more embodiments of the present invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0012] It should be noted that the steps of the corresponding methods in other embodiments are not necessarily performed in the order shown and described in this invention. In some other embodiments, the methods may include more or fewer steps than those described in this invention. Furthermore, a single step described in this invention may be broken down into multiple steps in other embodiments; and multiple steps described in this invention may be combined into a single step in other embodiments.

[0013] Pumped storage units are an important flexible regulation resource in the power system, undertaking multiple tasks such as peak shaving, frequency regulation, phase regulation, and reserve. With the large-scale integration of new energy sources, the operation mode of the power grid is becoming increasingly dynamic and complex, which places higher demands on the regulation capabilities of pumped storage units. They need to shift from intermittent operation to a mode of long-term online operation and frequent switching between multiple operating conditions to support the stability of power grid frequency and voltage.

[0014] In related technologies, research on pumped storage units typically separates peak shaving and frequency regulation: peak shaving studies focus on hourly load distribution, balancing grid supply and demand by optimizing unit start-up, shutdown, and output plans; frequency regulation studies focus on second-level rapid response, using governors to control unit output to maintain frequency stability. This segmented research approach ignores the coupling relationship between the two in actual operation—each peak shaving operation (power generation or pumping) changes the capacity of the upstream reservoir, and this change directly affects the available water volume for subsequent peak shaving and the dynamic adjustment capability of frequency regulation.

[0015] To address the shortcomings in related technologies, this invention proposes a method and apparatus for peak shaving and frequency regulation coordination of pumped storage units.

[0016] Figure 1This is a flowchart illustrating a peak-shaving and frequency regulation coordination method for pumped storage units, provided in an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the method may include the following steps: Step 101: In response to the load command issued by the power grid, determine the objective function with the minimum daily power generation water consumption rate as the optimization objective, and send corresponding unit commands to each unit according to the objective function; wherein, the daily power generation water consumption rate is the ratio of the total power generation flow to the total output during the day.

[0017] The objective function is as follows: ; In the formula, The daily water consumption rate for power generation at the power station. This represents the power generation flow rate at different times. To contribute in each time period, The time interval is 15 minutes.

[0018] Furthermore, the objective function satisfies multiple constraints, including: reservoir capacity constraint, initial reservoir water level constraint, power generation operating condition water balance constraint, power balance constraint, power generation operating condition output constraint, power generation flow constraint, and single unit vibration zone constraint.

[0019] Storage capacity constraints: ; In the formula, and These are the minimum and maximum reservoir capacities, respectively. For a moment Reservoir capacity. Initial reservoir water level constraints: ; In the formula, and These are the lowest and highest water levels of the reservoir, respectively. The upstream water level at the initial moment of scheduling.

[0020] Water balance constraints during power generation: ; In the formula, for Upstream reservoir capacity at the end of the period for The initial upstream reservoir capacity during the period for Traffic during different time periods For power generation conditions Total traffic during the time period.

[0021] Power balance constraints ; In the formula, For the first Taiwanese generator units during power generation periods 'output power' For the power station during the time period The planned output power. Output constraints under power generation conditions ; In the formula, For the unit During the period The state variable, 1 indicates on, 0 indicates off. and These represent the generating units under power generation conditions. Minimum and maximum allowable output power.

[0022] Power generation flow constraints ; In the formula, and These represent the generating units under power generation conditions. Minimum and maximum power generation flow rates.

[0023] Vibration zone constraints for a single generator unit ; In the formula, and The units The upper and lower limits of the vibration zone.

[0024] Step 102: Obtain water consumption data and water replenishment data for each unit, and calculate the real-time reservoir capacity value. The real-time reservoir capacity value is fed back to the power grid for generating load commands for the next period.

[0025] Specifically, calculating the real-time reservoir capacity includes: determining the initial reservoir capacity, adding the cumulative water replenishment and subtracting the cumulative water consumption to obtain the real-time reservoir capacity; wherein the real-time reservoir capacity satisfies physical boundary conditions, which are between the minimum and maximum allowable reservoir capacity; if the real-time reservoir capacity exceeds the physical boundary conditions, a limit is applied based on the boundary value.

[0026] Based on fundamental principles of hydraulics, the water consumption of the generating unit under power generation conditions is obtained by integrating the power generation flow rate over time, while the water makeup volume under pumping conditions is obtained by integrating the pumping flow rate over time. The core calculation formulas are as follows: ; In the formula, For the first Taiwanese crew during the period The cumulative water consumption within, For the first The unit is Power generation flow rate at any given moment To calculate the length of the time period, For the first Taiwanese crew during the period The cumulative water replenishment within, For the first Taiwanese crew The pumping flow rate at any given time.

[0027] Using water consumption / replenishment data as input, combined with initial reservoir capacity and reservoir characteristic parameters, the upstream reservoir capacity is updated in real time. The updated capacity serves as a core variable in the coupled peak-shaving and frequency regulation process. On one hand, it is fed back to step 101 for load allocation decisions in the next scheduling period; on the other hand, it is passed to step 104 to determine the upper limit of the current frequency regulation response capacity. The formula for calculating the reservoir capacity at any given time is: ; In the formula, for Real-time storage capacity at any given moment The cumulative water replenishment volume refers to the total amount of water injected into the reservoir by all pumping units in operation. The cumulative water consumption is the total amount of water drawn from the reservoir by all generating units in all operating conditions. This is the initial storage capacity.

[0028] The updated reservoir capacity must meet the reservoir's physical boundary conditions: ; In the formula, The minimum allowable storage capacity of the reservoir. for Real-time storage capacity at any given moment This is the maximum allowable storage capacity of the reservoir.

[0029] If the calculated value exceeds the boundary, then the amplitude will be limited according to the boundary value: ; When the reservoir capacity reaches its upper limit, subsequent pumping operations will be limited; when the reservoir capacity reaches its lower limit, subsequent power generation operations will be limited. (Updated real-time reservoir capacity) As a core state variable, it is passed to step 103 in real time for the real-time adjustable frequency capability of the computer group under the current storage capacity; and passed to step 101 for load allocation decision in the next period.

[0030] Step 103: Calculate the real-time head value corresponding to the reservoir capacity value based on the reservoir capacity-head characteristic curve, and calculate the frequency regulation power limit of the unit at the current moment based on the real-time reservoir capacity value and the real-time head value, so as to serve as the frequency regulation response constraint condition.

[0031] Specifically, the frequency regulation power limit of the generating unit at the current moment is calculated based on the real-time reservoir capacity and the real-time head value, including: querying the turbine's full characteristic curve based on the real-time head value, interpolating to obtain the minimum and maximum output of the unit under the current head, and calculating the upward and downward adjustable space; fitting the current operating point to obtain the upward and downward adjustment rates; querying the characteristic curve in reverse based on the real-time head value and output to obtain the current power generation flow rate, and calculating the duration of upward frequency regulation in conjunction with the available water volume.

[0032] Furthermore, the duration of upward frequency regulation is calculated based on the available water volume, including: determining the current available power generation water volume based on the difference between the real-time reservoir capacity and the minimum reservoir capacity, and calculating the flow increment corresponding to the increased output; the quotient of the current available power generation water volume and the flow increment is determined as the duration of the upward frequency regulation.

[0033] Changes in reservoir capacity directly affect the operating head of the generating unit. Based on the reservoir's capacity-head characteristic curve, the corresponding head value can be found from the current reservoir capacity: ; In the formula, For the current working water head, for Real-time storage capacity at any given moment.

[0034] This head value will be fed back to the unit operation module in real time for flow calculation at the next moment, realizing closed-loop update.

[0035] Step 104: Within the frequency regulation capability range determined by the frequency regulation power limit constraint, respond to grid frequency fluctuations and output frequency regulation commands to each generating unit.

[0036] Based on the known current head, reservoir capacity, and flow rate, the frequency regulation capability of the computer group is no longer a fixed value, but a variable that dynamically changes with the reservoir capacity. The frequency regulation capability consists of three core elements: adjustable output space (upward / downward adjustable capacity), regulation rate (power change capability per unit time), and duration (the longest maintenance time under a given regulation range).

[0037] Output adjustable range: based on the current water head By querying the full characteristic curve database of the water turbine and interpolating, the minimum output of the unit under the current head can be obtained. and maximum output : ; in , This is a functional relationship determined by the characteristic curve of the water turbine.

[0038] Based on the current output of the unit Calculate the upward adjustable space and downward adjustable space : .

[0039] Adjustment rate calculation: By analyzing historical AGC command response data, the model can be fitted to determine the unit's performance at different operating points. The actual upward adjustment rate and downward adjustment rate : ; in, , This is a functional relationship obtained by fitting historical data.

[0040] Durability calculation: Durable duration refers to the maximum time a unit can maintain a given frequency regulation output adjustment, which is limited by the current reservoir capacity and power generation flow. Firstly, based on the current head... and current efforts By reverse querying the turbine characteristic curve, the current power generation flow rate can be obtained. : ; in, This is a function for reverse lookup of characteristic curves.

[0041] Current storage capacity is The minimum allowable storage capacity of the reservoir is The current available water volume for power generation is: ; For upward frequency adjustment (increasing output) The corresponding traffic increment is The result is obtained from the turbine characteristic curve: ; The duration of up-modulation is: ; For downward frequency modulation (reducing power output) Generally, it is not limited by water volume, but the upper limit of reservoir capacity under pumping conditions must be considered. If the unit is in pumping mode, the relationship between the makeup water volume and the upper limit of reservoir capacity needs to be calculated similarly.

[0042] Responding to grid frequency fluctuations refers to: real-time monitoring of grid frequency fluctuations and obtaining the current real-time frequency regulation capability upper limit from step 103. and Frequency regulation demands are limited. Since these upper limits change dynamically with reservoir capacity, frequency regulation commands always remain within the safe range allowed by the current reservoir capacity. This is then superimposed on the unit operation to achieve dynamic response of the units to the grid frequency.

[0043] In this embodiment, reservoir capacity is elevated from a traditional static constraint variable to a dynamic feedback core. By updating the reservoir capacity in real time and calculating the current head, the upper limit of the adjustable frequency power of the unit is dynamically determined based on the real-time reservoir capacity. This makes the frequency regulation capability no longer a fixed value, but a dynamic variable that adjusts in real time with changes in reservoir capacity. This mechanism achieves dynamic coupling of the peak-shaving process and the frequency regulation process across two time scales, reflecting the constraint relationship between water balance and regulation capability of pumped storage units in actual operation.

[0044] Because modeling studies of pumped storage units typically treat peak shaving and frequency regulation separately, existing technologies lack methods for co-modeling peak shaving and frequency regulation using reservoir capacity variables. This results in simulation results that fail to accurately reflect the unit's comprehensive regulation performance over long time scales and cannot precisely describe the interaction between peak shaving and frequency regulation, thus limiting the accuracy of model calculations. Therefore, a collaborative modeling method for peak shaving and frequency regulation of pumped storage units that considers reservoir capacity coupling is needed. By constructing a simulation model that includes peak shaving allocation, unit operation, real-time reservoir capacity updates, and frequency regulation capabilities under reservoir capacity constraints, this method achieves organic coupling of peak shaving and frequency regulation, providing more accurate modeling tools and decision-making basis for pumped storage units to participate in multi-scenario grid regulation.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a peak-shaving and frequency-modulating coupling model provided in an exemplary embodiment. For example... Figure 2 As shown, by integrating various calculation components into the simulation platform and setting the peak shaving cycle to 15 minutes, the frequency modulation response cycle to seconds, and the simulation duration to cover a 24-hour time scale, a two-way coupled simulation of the dynamic impact of the peak shaving process on the storage capacity and the frequency modulation process constrained by the storage capacity can be achieved.

[0046] Taking a pumped-storage power station as an example, the station is equipped with four reversible turbine units, each with a capacity of 350MW, for a total installed capacity of 1400MW. The upstream reservoir has a normal water level of 611m and a dead water level of 590m; the downstream reservoir has a normal water level of 141m and a dead water level of 110m. The rated head is 459m, the rated speed is 428.6rpm, and the rated flow rate is 85.93m³ / s. The simulation duration is 24 hours, the peak-shaving cycle is 15 minutes, and the frequency regulation response is in the second range.

[0047] Peak shaving and allocation module (used to implement the calculation step 101): Receives load instructions issued by the power grid every 15 minutes, establishes an economic operation model for the plant with the goal of minimizing the overall water consumption rate, and includes the following constraints: Power balance constraints: ; Power generation output limit: 175MW~352MW; Unit start-up and shutdown frequency constraint: each unit shall not start up and shut down more than 10 times per day; Minimum operating time: not less than 170s for power generation and not less than 320s for pumping; Particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to distribute load commands to each unit and determine the unit start-up and shutdown plan and output.

[0048] The unit operation module simulates unit operation based on the unit instructions output by the peak-shaving and distribution module. Under power generation conditions, the relationship between unit output and water consumption can be found using the unit characteristic curve; under pumping conditions, the relationship between pumping power and makeup water flow is similar. For example, under rated operating conditions, a single unit output of 350MW corresponds to a flow rate of 85.93 m³ / s.

[0049] The real-time reservoir capacity calculation module (used to implement the calculation steps 102 and 103) takes the water consumption / replenishment data output by the unit operation module as input, updates the upstream reservoir capacity in real time, and finds the corresponding head value from the current reservoir capacity according to the reservoir capacity-head characteristic curve. This head value is used for the matching calculation of unit output and flow rate at the next moment.

[0050] The model was built on the Simulink platform using the method described above, and a 24-hour simulation was performed, yielding the following results: Figure 3 The output distribution of the four generating units at different times within 24 hours is shown. The number of start-ups and shutdowns of each unit does not exceed 10, which meets the operating time constraints.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a device provided in an exemplary embodiment. Please refer to... Figure 4At the hardware level, the device includes a processor 402, an internal bus 404, a network interface 406, memory 408, and non-volatile memory 410, and may also include other hardware required for its functions. One or more embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in software, for example, the processor 402 reads the corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory 410 into memory 408 and then runs it. Of course, in addition to software implementation, one or more embodiments of the present invention do not exclude other implementation methods, such as logic devices or a combination of hardware and software, etc. That is to say, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, but can also be hardware or logic devices.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 5 A peak-shaving and frequency-regulating coordination device for pumped storage units can be applied to, for example... Figure 5 The device shown, in order to implement the technical solution of the present invention, includes: The sending unit 501 is used to respond to the load command issued by the power grid, determine the objective function with the minimum daily power generation water consumption rate as the optimization objective, and send the corresponding unit command to each unit according to the objective function; wherein, the daily power generation water consumption rate is the ratio of the total power generation flow to the total output during the day; The acquisition unit 502 is used to acquire water consumption data and water replenishment data of each unit, and calculate the real-time reservoir capacity value. The real-time reservoir capacity value is fed back to the power grid for generating load instructions for the next period. The calculation unit 503 is used to calculate the real-time head value corresponding to the reservoir capacity value based on the reservoir capacity-head characteristic curve, and to calculate the frequency regulation power limit of the unit at the current moment based on the real-time reservoir capacity value and the real-time head value, so as to serve as the frequency regulation response constraint condition. The frequency modulation unit 504 is used to respond to grid frequency fluctuations within the frequency modulation capability range determined by the frequency modulation power limit constraint and output frequency modulation commands to each generating unit.

[0053] Optionally, the objective function satisfies multiple constraints, including: reservoir capacity constraint, initial reservoir water level constraint, power generation operating condition water balance constraint, power balance constraint, power generation operating condition output constraint, power generation flow constraint, and single unit vibration zone constraint.

[0054] Optionally, the water consumption data is the cumulative water consumption of the unit under power generation conditions, obtained by integrating the power generation flow rate over time; the water replenishment data is the cumulative water replenishment of the unit under pumping conditions, obtained by integrating the pumping flow rate over time.

[0055] Optionally, the acquisition unit 502 is specifically used for: The initial reservoir capacity is determined, and the real-time reservoir capacity is calculated by adding the cumulative water replenishment and subtracting the cumulative water consumption; wherein the real-time reservoir capacity satisfies the physical boundary conditions, which are between the minimum and maximum allowable reservoir capacity. If the real-time storage capacity exceeds the physical boundary conditions, a limit is applied based on the boundary value.

[0056] Optionally, the computing unit 503 is specifically used for: Based on the real-time head value, the turbine's full characteristic curve is queried, and the minimum and maximum output of the unit under the current head are obtained by interpolation. The upward and downward adjustable ranges are also calculated. The upward and downward adjustment rates are obtained by fitting the current operating point. The current power generation flow rate is obtained based on the real-time head value and the output reverse query characteristic curve, and the duration of upward frequency regulation is calculated in combination with the available water volume.

[0057] Furthermore, the computing unit 503 is specifically used for: The available water volume for power generation is determined based on the difference between the real-time reservoir capacity and the minimum reservoir capacity, and the flow increment corresponding to the increase in power output is calculated. The quotient of the currently available water for power generation and the flow increment is determined as the duration of the upward frequency regulation.

[0058] Optional, also includes: Simulation unit 505 is used to integrate various calculation links on the simulation platform and set the peak shaving period to 15 minutes, the frequency modulation response period to seconds, and the simulation duration to cover a 24-hour time scale, so as to realize the two-way coupled simulation of the dynamic impact of the peak shaving process on the storage capacity and the frequency modulation process constrained by the storage capacity.

[0059] The systems, devices, modules, or units described in the above embodiments can be implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products with certain functions. A typical implementation device is a computer, which can take the form of a personal computer, laptop computer, cellular phone, camera phone, smartphone, personal digital assistant, media player, navigation device, email sending and receiving device, game console, tablet computer, wearable device, or any combination of these devices.

[0060] In a typical configuration, a computer includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0061] Memory may include non-persistent storage in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0062] Computer-readable media, including both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, disk storage, quantum memory, graphene-based storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0063] For any other form of computer-readable medium (or computer-readable storage medium) as described above, computer instructions may be stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement one or more of the above embodiments, thereby realizing the technical solution of the present invention.

[0064] The present invention also proposes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements one or more of the embodiments described above, thereby realizing the technical solution of the present invention. This computer program may be specifically recorded on the above-described or other computer-readable media, and the present invention does not impose any limitations on this.

[0065] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0066] The foregoing has described specific embodiments of the invention. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps described in the claims may be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific or sequential order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0067] The terminology used in one or more embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in one or more embodiments of the invention and in the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0068] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe various information in one or more embodiments of the present invention, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of the present invention, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to a determination."

[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of one or more embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of one or more embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for coordinated peak shaving and frequency regulation of pumped storage units, characterized in that, include: In response to load commands issued by the power grid, an objective function is determined with the minimum daily power generation water consumption rate as the optimization objective, and corresponding unit commands are sent to each generating unit according to the objective function; wherein, the daily power generation water consumption rate is the ratio of the total power generation flow to the total output during the day; The water consumption and replenishment data of each generating unit are acquired, and the real-time reservoir capacity is calculated. The real-time reservoir capacity is fed back to the power grid for the generation of load commands for the next period. The real-time head value corresponding to the reservoir capacity value is calculated based on the reservoir capacity-head characteristic curve, and the frequency regulation power limit of the unit at the current moment is calculated based on the real-time reservoir capacity value and the real-time head value, as a response constraint condition for frequency regulation. Within the frequency regulation capability range determined by the frequency regulation power limit constraint, the generator responds to grid frequency fluctuations and outputs frequency regulation commands to each generating unit.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The objective function satisfies multiple constraints, including: reservoir capacity constraint, initial reservoir water level constraint, power generation operating condition water balance constraint, power balance constraint, power generation operating condition output constraint, power generation flow constraint, and single unit vibration zone constraint.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water consumption data refers to the cumulative water consumption of the unit under power generation conditions, which is obtained by integrating the power generation flow rate over time; the water replenishment data refers to the cumulative water replenishment of the unit under pumping conditions, which is obtained by integrating the pumping flow rate over time.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the real-time reservoir capacity includes: The initial reservoir capacity is determined, and the real-time reservoir capacity is calculated by adding the cumulative water replenishment and subtracting the cumulative water consumption; wherein the real-time reservoir capacity satisfies the physical boundary conditions, which are between the minimum and maximum allowable reservoir capacity. If the real-time storage capacity exceeds the physical boundary conditions, a limit is applied based on the boundary value.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the frequency regulation power limit of the generating unit at the current moment based on the real-time reservoir capacity and the real-time head value includes: Based on the real-time head value, the turbine's full characteristic curve is queried, and the minimum and maximum output of the unit under the current head are obtained by interpolation. The upward and downward adjustable ranges are also calculated. The upward and downward adjustment rates are obtained by fitting the current operating point. The current power generation flow rate is obtained based on the real-time head value and the output reverse query characteristic curve, and the duration of upward frequency regulation is calculated in combination with the available water volume.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The duration of upward frequency modulation calculated based on available water volume includes: The available water volume for power generation is determined based on the difference between the real-time reservoir capacity and the minimum reservoir capacity, and the flow increment corresponding to the increase in power output is calculated. The quotient of the currently available water for power generation and the flow increment is determined as the duration of the upward frequency regulation.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: By integrating various computational components into the simulation platform and setting the peak shaving cycle to 15 minutes, the frequency modulation response cycle to seconds, and the simulation duration to cover a 24-hour timescale, a two-way coupled simulation of the dynamic impact of the peak shaving process on the storage capacity and the frequency modulation process constrained by the storage capacity is achieved.

8. A peak-shaving and frequency-regulating coordination device for pumped storage units, characterized in that, include: The transmitting unit is used to respond to the load command issued by the power grid, determine the objective function with the minimum daily power generation water consumption rate as the optimization objective, and send the corresponding unit command to each unit according to the objective function; wherein, the daily power generation water consumption rate is the ratio of the total power generation flow to the total output during the day; The acquisition unit is used to acquire water consumption data and water replenishment data of each unit, and calculate the real-time reservoir capacity value. The real-time reservoir capacity value is fed back to the power grid for generating load instructions for the next period. The calculation unit is used to calculate the real-time head value corresponding to the reservoir capacity value based on the reservoir capacity-head characteristic curve, and to calculate the frequency regulation power limit of the unit at the current moment based on the real-time reservoir capacity value and the real-time head value, so as to serve as the frequency regulation response constraint condition. The frequency modulation unit is used to respond to grid frequency fluctuations within the frequency modulation capability range determined by the frequency modulation power limit constraint and output frequency modulation commands to each generating unit.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: processor; Memory used to store processor-executable instructions; The processor implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-7 by running the executable instructions.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions thereon, characterized in that, When executed by the processor, this instruction implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

Images