Optical lens, camera module and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses an optical lens, a camera module and an electronic device. The optical lens has three lenses with refractive power, and sequentially comprises, from an object side to an image side along an optical axis, a first lens with positive refractive power, an object side surface of the first lens being a convex surface at a near optical axis, and an image side surface of the first lens being a concave surface at the near optical axis; a second lens with negative refractive power, an object side surface of the second lens being a convex surface at the near optical axis, and an image side surface of the second lens being a concave surface at the near optical axis; and a third lens with positive refractive power, an object side surface of the third lens being a convex surface at the near optical axis. The optical lens satisfies the following relationship: 17°≤FOV≤23°, 1.45≤TTL / F≤1.9. The optical lens can meet the requirements of miniaturization and high-quality imaging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical imaging technology, specifically to an optical lens, a camera module, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] LiDAR (LiDAR) is widely used for detecting the three-dimensional coordinates and ranging of objects. LiDAR controls a light source to emit a beam of light. When the beam encounters a target object, it undergoes diffuse reflection. A receiving device collects the reflected beam to determine parameters such as the target object's distance, orientation, height, and velocity. LiDAR is widely used in autonomous vehicles, drones, and autonomous robots. Optical lenses, as key components of LiDAR, are used to receive and process the reflected light. However, current optical lenses, with a limited number of lenses, struggle to simultaneously meet the demands of miniaturization and high-quality imaging. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above, it is necessary to propose an optical lens, camera module and electronic device to meet the requirements of miniaturization and high-quality imaging.

[0004] The first aspect of this application provides an optical lens comprising three refractive lenses, arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object side to the image side: a first lens having positive refractive power, its object side being convex near the optical axis and its image side being concave near the optical axis; a second lens having negative refractive power, its object side being convex near the optical axis and its image side being concave near the optical axis; and a third lens having positive refractive power, its object side being convex near the optical axis. The optical lens satisfies the following relationships: 17°≤FOV≤23°, 1.45≤TTL / F≤1.9; where FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens, TTL is the distance along the optical axis from the object side of the first lens to the imaging plane of the optical lens, and F is the effective focal length of the optical lens.

[0005] In the aforementioned optical lens, the first lens has positive refractive power, with its object-side surface being convex near the optical axis and its image-side surface being concave near the optical axis. The first lens is used to converge incident light rays, and its convex-concave configuration facilitates the light rays to bend at a relatively gentle angle after passing through the first lens, coupling the light rays within the field of view into the interior of the optical lens. The second lens has negative refractive power, with its object-side surface being convex near the optical axis and its image-side surface being concave near the optical axis. The second lens is used to moderately diverge the light rays converged by the first lens. Its negative refractive power and the positive refractive power of the first lens form an alternating "convergence-divergence" change in the optical path, which helps to reserve a light refracting margin for the final convergence of the third lens within a limited space. The third lens has positive refractive power, with its object-side surface being convex near the optical axis. The third lens is used to reconverge the light rays diverged by the second lens and guide them onto the imaging plane. An optical lens, through the alternating positive-negative-positive refractive power configuration of its first, second, and third lenses, allows light to sequentially undergo converging, diverging, and converging propagation paths from the object side to the image side. This allows the optical lens to effectively converge light within a relatively short lens arrangement space, achieving a miniaturized basic structural layout. By rationally configuring the refractive power and surface shape of each lens, the optical lens achieves a compact structure, meeting the requirements of miniaturization while maintaining high-quality imaging, resulting in excellent image quality.

[0006] Furthermore, by ensuring that the optical lens meets the requirements of 17°≤FOV≤23° and reasonably configuring the maximum field of view of the optical lens within a narrow field of view range, it is beneficial to enable the optical lens to have a field of view characteristic suitable for long-distance detection. While ensuring effective detection of targets in front, it controls the amount of stray light entering the optical lens, improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal, and enables the optical lens to adapt to the long-distance detection requirements of LiDAR application scenarios such as autonomous driving and drones.

[0007] Furthermore, by ensuring that the optical lens meets the requirement of 1.45≤TTL / F≤1.9, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the total optical length to the effective focal length of the optical lens within a small range, it is beneficial to shorten the total system length while ensuring a reasonable distribution of the refractive power of the optical lens. This allows the optical lens to meet the miniaturization design requirements of lidar for compact arrangement of internal components, while avoiding excessive refractive power of each lens due to an excessively short total optical length, which would increase the sensitivity of lens processing.

[0008] A second aspect of this application provides a camera module, including: an optical lens as described above; and an image sensor disposed on the image side of the optical lens.

[0009] By incorporating the optical lens provided in the first aspect of the embodiments of this application, the requirements for miniaturization and high-quality imaging can be met in the aforementioned camera module.

[0010] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including: a housing; and the aforementioned camera module, wherein the camera module is mounted on the housing.

[0011] By incorporating the camera module provided in the second aspect of the present application into the aforementioned electronic device, both the requirements for miniaturization and high-quality imaging can be met. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens disclosed in the first embodiment of this application.

[0013] Figure 2 These are the longitudinal spherical aberration curve, astigmatism curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens disclosed in the first embodiment of this application.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens disclosed in the second embodiment of this application.

[0015] Figure 4 These are the longitudinal spherical aberration curve, astigmatism curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens disclosed in the second embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens disclosed in the third embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 6 These are the longitudinal spherical aberration curve, astigmatism curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens disclosed in the third embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens disclosed in the fourth embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 8 These are the longitudinal spherical aberration curve, astigmatism curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens disclosed in the fourth embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens disclosed in the fifth embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 10 These are the longitudinal spherical aberration curve, astigmatism curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens disclosed in the fifth embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the camera module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 This application provides an optical lens 100, which comprises three lenses with refractive power, arranged sequentially from the object side to the image side along the optical axis O: a first lens L1, a second lens L2, and a third lens L3. During imaging, light rays enter the first lens L1, the second lens L2, and the third lens L3 sequentially from the object side S1 of the first lens L1, and are finally imaged onto the imaging plane IMG of the optical lens 100.

[0026] The first lens L1 has positive refractive power. The object-side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is convex near the optical axis O, and the image-side surface S2 of the first lens L1 is concave near the optical axis O. The second lens L2 has negative refractive power. The object-side surface S3 of the second lens L2 is convex near the optical axis O, and the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2 is concave near the optical axis O. The third lens L3 has positive refractive power. The object-side surface S5 of the third lens L3 is convex near the optical axis O, and the image-side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is either convex or concave near the optical axis O.

[0027] The aforementioned optical lens 100 has a first lens L1 with positive refractive power. Its object-side surface S1 is convex near the optical axis O, and its image-side surface S2 is concave near the optical axis O. The first lens L1 is used to converge incident light rays. Its convex-concave configuration is beneficial for the light rays to bend at a relatively gentle angle after passing through the first lens L1, thus coupling the light rays within the field of view into the interior of the optical lens 100. The second lens L2 has negative refractive power. Its object-side surface S3 is convex near the optical axis O, and its image-side surface S4 is concave near the optical axis O. The first lens L1 has a concave surface, and the second lens L2 is used to moderately diverge the light rays converged by the first lens L1. Its negative refractive power and the positive refractive power of the first lens L1 form an alternating "converging-diverging" change in the optical path, which helps to reserve light turning margin for the final convergence of the third lens L3 in a limited space. The third lens L3 has a positive refractive power, and its object side S5 is convex near the optical axis O. The third lens L3 is used to reconverge the light rays diverged by the second lens L2 and guide them onto the imaging plane IMG. The optical lens 100, through the alternating positive-negative-positive refractive power of the first lens L1, the second lens L2, and the third lens L3, allows the light rays to sequentially experience a convergent, divergent, and convergent propagation path in the direction from the object side to the image side. The optical lens 100 completes the effective convergence of light rays in a relatively short lens arrangement space, realizing a miniaturized basic structural layout. By rationally configuring the refractive power and surface shape of each lens, the optical lens 100 has a compact structure. The optical lens 100 meets the requirements of high-quality imaging while satisfying miniaturization, and has good imaging quality.

[0028] Furthermore, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 17° ≤ FOV ≤ 23°; for example, FOV can be 17°, 17.5°, 18°, 18.5°, 19°, 19.5°, 20°, 20.5°, 21°, 21.5°, 22°, 22.5°, 23°, etc. Here, FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens 100. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, and by rationally configuring the maximum field of view of the optical lens 100 within a narrow field of view range, it is beneficial for the optical lens 100 to have field-of-view characteristics suitable for long-distance detection. This ensures effective detection of targets in front while controlling the amount of stray light entering the optical lens 100, improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal, and enabling the optical lens 100 to adapt to the long-distance detection requirements of LiDAR applications such as autonomous driving and drones.

[0029] Meanwhile, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 1.45 ≤ TTL / F ≤ 1.9; for example, TTL / F can be 1.45, 1.5, 1.55, 1.6, 1.65, 1.7, 1.75, 1.8, 1.85, 1.9, etc. Here, TTL is the distance from the object-side surface S1 of the first lens L1 to the imaging surface IMG of the optical lens 100 along the optical axis O, and F is the effective focal length of the optical lens 100. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, the ratio of the total optical length to the effective focal length of the optical lens 100 is rationally configured within a small range. This helps to shorten the overall system length while ensuring a reasonable distribution of the refractive power of the optical lens 100. This allows the optical lens 100 to meet the miniaturized design requirements of the lidar for compact internal component arrangement, while avoiding excessive refractive power in each lens due to an excessively short total optical length, thus reducing the sensitivity of lens processing.

[0030] In some embodiments, when the optical lens 100 is applied to electronic devices such as vehicle-mounted devices, autonomous robots, mobile phones, drones, tablets, smartwatches, thumb cameras, and monitors, the materials of the first lens L1, the second lens L2, and the third lens L3 can all be glass. This allows the optical lens 100 to achieve good image quality while reducing the impact of temperature on the lenses. Alternatively, the materials of the first lens L1, the second lens L2, and the third lens L3 can all be plastic to reduce the overall weight of the optical lens 100. Furthermore, it is understood that among the multiple lenses of the optical lens 100, some lenses can be made of glass, and some lenses can be made of plastic. This ensures that while reducing the impact of temperature on the lenses to achieve good image quality, it also reduces the processing cost and weight of the lenses, thereby reducing the processing cost and overall weight of the optical lens 100. For example, the first lens L1 and the third lens L3 are both made of glass, and the second lens L2 is made of plastic.

[0031] In some embodiments, considering that spherical lenses have the advantages of simple manufacturing process and low production cost, and can facilitate flexible design of lens surface shape to improve the imaging resolution of optical lens 100. Aspherical lenses allow for more flexible design of the object side or image side of the lens, enabling the lens to effectively solve problems such as unclear imaging, distorted field of view, or narrow field of view even when the lens is small and thin. Moreover, optical lens 100 does not need to set too many lenses to achieve good image quality, which is beneficial to shortening the length of optical lens 100. Based on this, the first lens L1 and the third lens L3 mentioned above can be spherical lenses to improve the imaging resolution of optical lens 100. In addition, the spherical design not only improves the manufacturability of each lens and facilitates surface shape design, but also reduces the production cost of optical lens 100. It is understood that in other embodiments, the surfaces of each lens in optical lens 100 can be all aspherical, or any combination of aspherical and spherical, which can be selected according to actual needs, and therefore are not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0032] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 further includes an aperture stop STO, which may be an aperture stop and / or a field stop. For example, the aperture stop STO may be an aperture stop, or a field stop, or both an aperture stop and a field stop. In some embodiments, the aperture stop STO is disposed between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2, thereby giving the optical lens 100 a large field of view. It is understood that in other embodiments, the aperture stop STO may also be disposed between other lenses, depending on the actual situation. This embodiment does not specifically limit this; for example, the aperture stop STO is disposed on the object side of the first lens L1.

[0033] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 further includes an infrared filter IR, which is disposed on the object side of the first lens L1. Optionally, the infrared filter IR may be an infrared cut-off filter to filter out infrared light and allow visible light to pass through, making the image more consistent with the visual experience of the human eye, thereby improving image quality. In other embodiments, the infrared filter IR may be an infrared bandpass filter, which can filter out light of other wavelengths such as visible light, allowing infrared light to pass through and reflecting visible light to achieve infrared imaging of the optical lens 100, enabling the optical lens 100 to image in low-light environments or special application scenarios and obtain better image quality. It is understood that the infrared filter IR may be made of optical glass coating, plastic, or other materials, and can be selected according to actual needs. This embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

[0034] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 further includes a protective glass CG disposed between the third lens L3 and the imaging surface IMG of the optical lens 100, thereby protecting the image sensor from dust. The protective glass CG can be made of plastic, optical glass with a coating, or other materials, and can be selected according to actual needs; no specific limitation is made in this embodiment. It is understood that the protective glass CG can be part of the optical lens 100 or can be removed from the optical lens 100, but when the protective glass CG is removed, the total optical length of the optical lens 100 remains unchanged.

[0035] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 13.5° ≤ FOV / FNO ≤ 18.6°; for example, FOV / FNO can be 13.5°, 14°, 14.5°, 15°, 15.5°, 16°, 16.5°, 17°, 17.5°, 18°, 18.5°, 18.6°, etc. Here, FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens 100, and FNO is the aperture number of the optical lens 100. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the maximum field of view to the aperture number within a certain range, it is beneficial to maintain both the narrow field of view characteristic of the optical lens 100 and its light transmission capability. This ensures a good match between the light energy entering the optical lens 100 and the field of view, avoids a decrease in relative illumination at the edge of the field of view due to an excessively large aperture, and allows the optical lens 100 to maintain a good signal-to-noise ratio in long-distance detection scenarios.

[0036] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 4.9 ≤ F / ImgH ≤ 6.5; for example, F / ImgH can be 4.9, 5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 6, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, etc. Wherein, F is the effective focal length of the optical lens 100, and ImgH is half the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens 100. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above-mentioned relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the effective focal length to the maximum half-image height of the optical lens 100 within a certain range, it is beneficial to match the focal length of the optical lens 100 with the size of the image sensor. While ensuring that the optical lens 100 has sufficient resolution capability for distant targets, it also enables the imaging surface to effectively cover the target area of ​​the image sensor, avoiding insufficient pixel utilization of the image sensor due to an image surface that is too small or edge image quality degradation due to an image surface that is too large. This allows the optical lens 100 to meet the detection accuracy requirements of the lidar.

[0037] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 5.4 ≤ TTL / BFL ≤ 5.6; for example, TTL / BFL can be 5.4, 5.41, 5.42, 5.43, 5.44, 5.45, 5.46, 5.47, 5.48, 5.49, 5.5, 5.51, 5.52, 5.53, 5.54, 5.55, 5.56, 5.57, 5.58, 5.59, 5.6, etc. Wherein, TTL is the distance from the object-side surface S1 of the first lens L1 to the imaging surface of the optical lens 100 on the optical axis O, and BFL is the distance from the image-side surface S6 of the third lens L3 to the imaging surface of the optical lens 100 on the optical axis O. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the total optical length to the back focal length of the optical lens 100 within a certain range, it is beneficial to reserve sufficient assembly space for back-end components (such as filters, protective glass, etc.) while ensuring the miniaturization of the optical lens 100. This avoids the inability to arrange back-end components due to an excessively short back focal length or the increase in the total optical length due to an excessively long back focal length, thus achieving a good balance between compact layout and system integration flexibility of the optical lens 100.

[0038] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: -8 ≤ F2 / F ≤ -4; for example, F2 / F can be -8, -7.5, -7, -6.5, -6, -5.5, -5, -4.5, -4, etc. Wherein, F is the effective focal length of the optical lens 100, and F2 is the effective focal length of the second lens L2. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above-mentioned relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the refractive power of the second lens L2 to the effective focal length of the optical lens 100 within a certain range, it is beneficial to enable the second lens L2 to have a moderately strong negative refractive power, so as to effectively compensate for the field curvature and chromatic aberration generated by the first lens L1 and the third lens L3. This avoids the image quality degradation caused by insufficient aberration compensation due to the refractive power of the second lens L2 being too weak (F2 / F>-4), or avoids the increase in processing sensitivity and the generation of ghost image energy due to the refractive power of the second lens L2 being too strong (F2 / F<-8). This allows the optical lens 100 to maintain good image quality with a limited number of lenses, and to meet the requirements of lidar for high signal-to-noise ratio receiving optical paths.

[0039] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 0.58 ≤ F3 / F ≤ 0.8; for example, F3 / F can be 0.58, 0.6, 0.62, 0.64, 0.66, 0.68, 0.7, 0.72, 0.74, 0.76, 0.78, 0.8, etc. Wherein, F is the effective focal length of the optical lens 100, and F3 is the effective focal length of the third lens L3. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above-mentioned relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the refractive power of the third lens L3 to the effective focal length of the optical lens 100 within a certain range, it is beneficial for the third lens L3 to have positive refractive power and bear the main refractive power of the system. This allows the light rays, after being moderately diverged by the second lens L2, to be effectively converged onto the imaging plane IMG. At the same time, its positive refractive power balances the positive refractive power of the first lens L1, making the overall refractive power distribution of the system uniform. This avoids the increase in the total optical length due to the insufficient convergence of light rays caused by the refractive power of the third lens L3 being too weak (F3 / F < 0.58), or the increase in lens processing difficulty and aberration deterioration due to the refractive power of the third lens L3 being too strong (F3 / F > 0.8). As a result, the optical lens 100 can achieve miniaturization while maintaining good imaging quality.

[0040] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: -4 ≤ F2 / F1 ≤ -1; for example, F2 / F1 can be -4, -3.5, -3, -2.5, -2, -1.5, -1, etc. Wherein, F1 is the effective focal length of the first lens L1, and F2 is the effective focal length of the second lens L2. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above-mentioned relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the refractive power of the second lens L2 to that of the first lens L1 within a certain range, it is beneficial to make the refractive power difference between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 moderate, forming a "positive-negative" aberration compensation pair. This effectively corrects the spherical aberration and positional chromatic aberration of the system, avoiding the situation where the negative refractive power of the second lens L2 is insufficient to compensate for the aberrations generated by the first lens L1 due to an excessively large F2 / F1 ratio (>-1), or avoiding the situation where the negative refractive power of the second lens L2 is too strong due to an excessively small ratio (<-4), resulting in excessively large reverse aberrations. This makes the refractive power matching between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 more coordinated, further shortening the overall optical length and achieving a balance between miniaturization and high image quality in the optical lens 100.

[0041] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 1 ≤ R2 / R1 ≤ 2; for example, R2 / R1 can be 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, etc. Here, R1 is the radius of curvature of the object-side surface S1 of the first lens L1 at the optical axis O, and R2 is the radius of curvature of the image-side surface S2 of the first lens L1 at the optical axis O. By ensuring the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, the ratio of the radius of curvature of the image-side surface S2 to the object-side surface S1 of the first lens L1 is reasonably configured within a certain range. This helps to maintain a moderate difference in curvature between the object-side surface S1 and the image-side surface S2 of the first lens L1, controlling the surface shape of the first lens L1 within a reasonable range. This allows the first lens L1 to maintain a smooth transition of the meniscus structure while possessing positive refractive power, avoiding excessive bending of the image-side surface S2 of the first lens L1 due to an excessively large ratio, which would increase manufacturing difficulty.

[0042] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 4.5 ≤ (R3 + R4) / (R3 - R4) ≤ 6; for example, (R3 + R4) / (R3 - R4) can be 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 6, etc. Wherein, R3 is the radius of curvature of the object-side surface S3 of the second lens L2 at the optical axis O, and R4 is the radius of curvature of the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2 at the optical axis O. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the sum of the radii of curvature of the object side surface S3 and the image side surface S4 of the second lens L2 to the difference of their radii of curvature within a certain range, it is beneficial to control the meniscus shape of the second lens L2. This allows the second lens L2 to maintain a moderately curved surface while having negative refractive power, which helps to reduce the incident angle of light on the image side surface S4 of the second lens L2 and reduce light reflection loss.

[0043] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 0.2 ≤ F3 / R5 ≤ 1.4; for example, F3 / R5 can be 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, etc. Wherein, R5 is the radius of curvature of the object-side surface S5 of the third lens L3 at the optical axis O, and F3 is the effective focal length of the third lens L3. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above-mentioned relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the effective focal length of the third lens L3 to the radius of curvature of the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3 within a certain range, it is beneficial to match the positive refractive power of the third lens L3 with the radius of curvature of the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3, control the curvature of the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3, and enable the third lens L3 to effectively converge the light rays diverged by the second lens L2 to the imaging plane IMG. This avoids insufficient refractive power due to an excessively small ratio (F3 / R5 < 0.2) resulting in an excessively large radius of curvature of the object side surface S5 of the third lens L3, or excessive curvature due to an excessively large ratio (F3 / R5 > 1.4) resulting in an excessively curved surface that increases processing sensitivity. This allows the optical lens 100 to achieve a good converging effect while ensuring processing feasibility.

[0044] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 0.7 ≤ CT3 / CT2 ≤ 1.2; for example, CT3 / CT2 can be 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, etc. Here, CT2 is the thickness of the second lens L2 along the optical axis O, and CT3 is the thickness of the third lens L3 along the optical axis O. By ensuring the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, the ratio of the thicknesses of the third lens L3 and the second lens L2 along the optical axis O is reasonably configured within a certain range. This helps maintain a suitable proportion of the center thicknesses of the second lens L2 and the third lens L3, avoiding the increased molding difficulty and risk of fragmentation due to an excessively small CT3 / CT2 ratio leading to an excessively thin third lens L3, or the reduced stability of the negative refractive power of the second lens L2 due to an excessively large ratio. This ensures that the second lens L2 and the third lens L3 maintain a coordinated refractive power distribution while possessing good manufacturability.

[0045] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 1 ≤ CT12 / CT1 ≤ 3.2; for example, CT12 / CT1 can be 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6, 2.8, 3, 3.1, 3.2, etc. Wherein, CT1 is the thickness of the first lens L1 on the optical axis O, and CT12 is the distance on the optical axis O between the image-side surface S2 of the first lens L1 and the object-side surface S3 of the second lens L2. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above-mentioned relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the air gap between the image side surface S2 of the first lens L1 and the object side surface S3 of the second lens L2 on the optical axis O to the center thickness of the first lens L1 within a certain range, it is beneficial to ensure that the air gap between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 is moderate. This provides sufficient divergence space for the light rays converged by the first lens L1 to cooperate with the negative refractive power of the second lens L2, while avoiding an increase in the total optical length due to excessive air gap. This allows the optical lens 100 to maintain a compact structure while meeting the aberration compensation requirements.

[0046] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 1.1 ≤ CT2 / CT23 ≤ 2.2; for example, CT2 / CT23 can be 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.1, 2.2, etc. Wherein, CT2 is the thickness of the second lens L2 on the optical axis O, and CT23 is the distance on the optical axis O between the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2 and the object-side surface S5 of the third lens L3. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above-mentioned relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the center thickness of the second lens L2 to the air gap on the optical axis O from the image side S4 of the second lens L2 to the object side S5 of the third lens L3 within a certain range, it is beneficial to coordinate the thickness of the second lens L2 with the image side air gap of the second lens L2. This avoids the second lens L2 being too thin or the air gap being too large due to an excessively small CT2 / CT23 ratio, which would be detrimental to the refractive force connection. Conversely, it avoids the second lens L2 being too thick or the air gap being too small due to an excessively large ratio, which would increase the difficulty of lens processing and assembly sensitivity. This ensures that the thickness of each lens in the optical lens 100 matches well with the air gap, which is beneficial to the stable forming and assembly of the optical lens 100.

[0047] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 2.2 ≤ SD1 / ImgH ≤ 2.7; for example, SD1 / ImgH can be 2.2, 2.25, 2.3, 2.35, 2.4, 2.45, 2.5, 2.55, 2.6, 2.65, 2.7, etc. Wherein, SD1 is half the maximum effective aperture of the object-side surface S1 of the first lens L1, and ImgH is half the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens 100. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of half the maximum effective aperture of the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 to the maximum half image height of the optical lens 100 within a certain range, it is beneficial to match the aperture size of the first lens L1 with the imaging surface size. This avoids the first lens L1 being too small due to insufficient aperture, which would prevent it from effectively gathering light within the field of view and causing light loss at the edge of the field of view. Alternatively, it avoids the first lens L1 being too large due to an excessively large aperture, which would increase the lens volume and material cost. This allows the optical lens 100 to meet the miniaturization requirements while ensuring sufficient light intake.

[0048] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 1.2 ≤ R3 / SD3 ≤ 1.4; for example, R3 / SD3 can be 1.2, 1.22, 1.24, 1.26, 1.28, 1.3, 1.32, 1.34, 1.36, 1.38, 1.4, etc. Wherein, R3 is the radius of curvature of the object-side surface S3 of the second lens L2 at the optical axis O, and SD3 is half the maximum effective aperture of the object-side surface S3 of the second lens L2. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the radius of curvature of the object surface S3 of the second lens L2 to half of the maximum effective aperture of the object surface S3 of the second lens L2 within a certain range, it is beneficial to control the proportional relationship between the curvature of the object surface S3 of the second lens L2 and the aperture size of the object surface S3 of the second lens L2. This avoids the object surface S3 of the second lens L2 becoming too curved due to an excessively small R3 / SD3 ratio, which would increase the processing difficulty and mold forming risk, or avoids the object surface S3 of the second lens L2 becoming too flat due to an excessively large ratio, which would result in uneven distribution of negative refractive force. This allows the second lens L2 to maintain good machinability while having stable refractive force performance.

[0049] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 0.95 ≤ R4 / SD4 ≤ 1.25; for example, R4 / SD4 can be 0.95, 1, 1.05, 1.1, 1.15, 1.2, 1.25, etc. Wherein, R4 is the radius of curvature of the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2 at the optical axis O, and SD4 is half the maximum effective aperture of the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above-mentioned relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the radius of curvature of the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2 to half of the maximum effective aperture of the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2 within a certain range, it is beneficial to control the proportional relationship between the curvature of the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2 and the size of its aperture. This results in a moderate curvature of the surface of the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2, which helps to reduce the incident angle of light on the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2, reduce the reflection loss of light on the lens surface, and avoid the effective exertion of the negative refractive power of the second lens L2 due to excessive curvature or flatness of the surface. This gives the optical lens 100 good light transmission capability and imaging quality.

[0050] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 1.4 ≤ SAGS1 / SAGS2 ≤ 2.4; for example, SAGS1 / SAGS2 can be 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, etc. Wherein, SAGS1 is the distance from the intersection of the object-side surface S1 of the first lens L1 and the optical axis O to the maximum effective aperture of the object-side surface S1 of the first lens L1 on the optical axis O, and SAGS2 is the distance from the intersection of the image-side surface S2 of the first lens L1 and the optical axis O to the maximum effective aperture of the image-side surface S2 of the first lens L1 on the optical axis O. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above-mentioned relationship, the ratio of the sagittal height of the object-side surface S1 to the image-side surface S2 of the first lens L1 is reasonably configured within a certain range. This helps to control the difference in curvature between the object-side surface S1 and the image-side surface S2 of the first lens L1, so that the first lens L1 maintains a coordinated sagittal height ratio on both sides while having positive refractive power. This avoids the object-side surface S1 of the first lens L1 becoming too flat due to an excessively small SAGS1 / SAGS2 ratio, resulting in insufficient light convergence, or the image-side surface S2 of the first lens L1 becoming too flat due to an excessively large ratio, affecting the optical path connection between the image-side surface S2 of the first lens L1 and the second lens L2. This allows the surface configuration of the first lens L1 to effectively gather incident light rays and guide them to subsequent lenses.

[0051] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 0.45 ≤ SAGS4 / SD4 ≤ 0.56; for example, SAGS4 / SD4 can be 0.45, 0.46, 0.47, 0.48, 0.49, 0.5, 0.51, 0.52, 0.53, 0.54, 0.55, 0.56, etc. Wherein, SAGS4 is the distance from the intersection of the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2 and the optical axis O to the maximum effective aperture of the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2 on the optical axis O, and SD4 is half of the maximum effective aperture of the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above-mentioned relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the sag of the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2 to half of the maximum effective aperture of the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2 within a certain range, it is beneficial to control the curvature of the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2. This ensures that the ratio of the sag to the aperture of the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2 is appropriate, avoiding the situation where the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2 is too flat due to an excessively small SAGS4 / SD4 ratio, thus failing to provide sufficient negative refractive power to compensate for the aberrations generated by the first lens L1. Alternatively, it avoids the situation where the image-side surface S4 of the second lens L2 is too curved due to an excessively large ratio, thereby increasing the reflection energy of light on the lens surface and producing ghosting, which affects image clarity. This allows the second lens L2 to effectively suppress ghosting while maintaining good aberration correction capabilities.

[0052] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 7.5 ≤ |SD6 / SAGS6| ≤ 66; for example, |SD6 / SAGS6| can be 7.5, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, etc. Wherein, SAGS6 is the distance from the intersection of the image-side surface S6 of the third lens L3 and the optical axis O to the maximum effective aperture of the image-side surface S6 of the third lens L3 on the optical axis O, and SD6 is half of the maximum effective aperture of the image-side surface S6 of the third lens L3. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above-mentioned relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of half the maximum effective aperture of the image-side surface S6 of the third lens L3 to the absolute value of the sag of the image-side surface S6 of the third lens L3 within a certain range, it is beneficial to control the surface characteristics of the image-side surface S6 of the third lens L3. This avoids the situation where the sag of the image-side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is too small due to an excessively large |SD6 / SAGS6| ratio, resulting in an overly flat surface that is not conducive to effectively converging the light rays diverged by the second lens L2 onto the imaging plane IMG. Alternatively, it avoids the situation where the sag of the image-side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is too large due to an excessively small ratio, resulting in an overly curved surface that increases the difficulty of lens forming and assembly sensitivity. This allows the third lens L3 to have stable processing and assembly characteristics while ensuring good converging effect, thereby achieving high imaging quality of the optical lens 100.

[0053] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 1.2 ≤ FNO ≤ 1.3; for example, FNO can be 1.2, 1.21, 1.22, 1.23, 1.24, 1.25, 1.26, 1.27, 1.28, 1.29, 1.3, etc. Here, FNO is the aperture number of the optical lens 100. By ensuring the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, and by rationally configuring the aperture number of the optical lens 100 within a large aperture range, it is beneficial to enable the optical lens 100 to have a larger light-gathering aperture, increasing the amount of light entering the lens per unit time. This allows the optical lens 100 to receive sufficient reflected light signals even in dark environments such as at night or on rainy days, ensuring image clarity. Simultaneously, combined with its narrow field-of-view characteristics, the optical lens 100 maintains a good signal-to-noise ratio in long-distance detection scenarios.

[0054] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 9.2 ≤ TTL / ImgH ≤ 9.7; for example, TTL / ImgH is 9.2, 9.25, 9.3, 9.35, 9.4, 9.45, 9.5, 9.55, 9.6, 9.65, 9.7, etc. Wherein, TTL is the distance from the object-side surface S1 of the first lens L1 to the imaging surface of the optical lens 100 on the optical axis O, and ImgH is half the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens 100. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the total optical length to the maximum half-image height of the optical lens 100 within a certain range, it is beneficial to match the image plane size with the system focal length when the total optical length is relatively short. This avoids the situation where the image height is relatively too large due to the TTL / ImgH ratio being too small, making it difficult to effectively gather the edge field of view rays, or the situation where the total optical length is relatively too long due to the ratio being too large, which is not conducive to miniaturization and packaging. This allows the optical lens 100 to meet the installation requirements of the lidar for a compact structure while ensuring a sufficient image plane size.

[0055] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 109° ≤ FOV × F / ImgH ≤ 117°; for example, FOV × F / ImgH can be 109°, 110°, 111°, 112°, 113°, 114°, 115°, 116°, 117°, etc. Wherein, FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens 100, F is the effective focal length of the optical lens 100, and ImgH is half the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens 100. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above-mentioned relationship, and by rationally configuring the product relationship between the field of view, effective focal length, and maximum half-image height of the optical lens 100 within a certain range, it is beneficial to achieve a coordinated match between the field of view, focal length, and target surface size of the optical lens 100. This avoids the narrow field of view or small image surface due to an excessively small product value, which would be detrimental to the target detection coverage, or the image quality degradation at the edge of the field of view due to an excessively large product value. As a result, the optical lens 100 obtains good imaging uniformity and resolution within the target surface area of ​​the image sensor, meeting the high-precision detection requirements of lidar.

[0056] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 1.7 ≤ F1 / F ≤ 4.7; for example, F1 / F can be 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, etc. Wherein, F is the effective focal length of the optical lens 100, and F1 is the effective focal length of the first lens L1. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the effective focal length of the first lens L1 to the effective focal length of the optical lens 100 within a certain range, it is beneficial for the first lens L1 to bear a moderate positive refractive force. This avoids the first lens L1 from having an excessively strong refractive force due to an excessively small F1 / F ratio (F1 / F < 1.7), which would cause the light beam to bend too much and increase the difficulty of aberration correction. Alternatively, it avoids the first lens L1 from having an excessively weak refractive force due to an excessively large ratio (F1 / F > 4.7), which would prevent it from effectively converging the incident light beam. This ensures that the first lens L1 maintains good converging ability while coordinating the refractive force distribution with the second lens L2 and the third lens L3.

[0057] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: |R5 / R6|≤5; for example, |R5 / R6| is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5, etc. Wherein, R5 is the radius of curvature of the object-side surface S5 of the third lens L3 at the optical axis O, and R6 is the radius of curvature of the image-side surface S6 of the third lens L3 at the optical axis O. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, the absolute value of the ratio of the curvature radius of the object side surface S5 to the curvature radius of the image side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is reasonably configured within a certain range. This helps to control the curvature difference between the object side surface S5 and the image side surface S6 of the third lens L3, so that the third lens L3 maintains a smooth surface transition while having positive refractive power. This avoids the asymmetry of the lens shape caused by the large curvature difference between the object side surface S5 and the image side surface S6 of the third lens L3 due to an excessively large |R5 / R6| ratio, which would increase the processing difficulty and assembly sensitivity. This gives the third lens L3 good processing feasibility and stable imaging quality.

[0058] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 10 ≤ F1 / CT1 ≤ 23; for example, F1 / CT1 can be 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, etc. Here, F1 is the effective focal length of the first lens L1, and CT1 is the thickness of the first lens L1 along the optical axis O. By ensuring the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, the ratio of the effective focal length of the first lens L1 to its thickness along the optical axis O is rationally configured within a certain range. This helps control the ratio between the refractive power of the first lens L1 and its center thickness, avoiding an excessively small F1 / CT1 ratio (F1 / CT1 < 10) leading to an excessively thick first lens L1 and increased material costs and overall system length, or an excessively large ratio (F1 / CT1 > 23) leading to an excessively thin first lens L1 and reduced structural strength. This ensures that the first lens L1 possesses good processability while exhibiting stable refractive power performance.

[0059] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: -30 ≤ F2 / CT2 ≤ -15; for example, F2 / CT2 can be -30, -29, -28, -27, -26, -25, -24, -23, -22, -21, -20, -19, -18, -17, -16, -15, etc. Wherein, F2 is the effective focal length of the second lens L2, and CT2 is the thickness of the second lens L2 along the optical axis O. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, the ratio of the effective focal length of the second lens L2 to its thickness on the optical axis O is reasonably configured within a certain range. This helps to control the ratio between the negative refractive power of the second lens L2 and its center thickness. It avoids excessive light divergence due to an excessively small F2 / CT2 ratio (F2 / CT2 < -30, i.e., an excessively large absolute value), which would increase the convergence burden on subsequent lenses. Alternatively, it avoids excessive thickness of the second lens L2 due to an excessively large ratio (F2 / CT2 > -15), which would increase the overall system length. This ensures that the second lens L2 maintains a reasonable lens thickness while meeting aberration compensation requirements.

[0060] In some embodiments, the optical lens 100 satisfies the following relationship: 1.6 ≤ F3 / CT3 ≤ 4.5; for example, F3 / CT3 can be 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, etc. Wherein, F3 is the effective focal length of the third lens L3, and CT3 is the thickness of the third lens L3 along the optical axis O. By ensuring that the optical lens 100 satisfies the above relationship, and by rationally configuring the ratio of the effective focal length of the third lens L3 to the thickness of the third lens L3 on the optical axis O within a certain range, it is beneficial to match the positive refractive power of the third lens L3 with the center thickness of the third lens L3. This avoids the third lens L3 becoming too thick due to an excessively small F3 / CT3 ratio (F3 / CT3 < 1.6), which would increase the total optical length and material cost, or the third lens L3 becoming too thin due to an excessively large ratio (F3 / CT3 > 4.5), which would make it difficult for the refractive power to be stably exerted. This ensures that the third lens L3 has sufficient structural thickness while maintaining a good converging effect, which is beneficial to the molding, manufacturing, and assembly stability of the lens.

[0061] The surface shape of each aspherical lens can be defined using, but is not limited to, the following aspherical formulas: ; Where Z is the distance from the corresponding point on the aspherical surface to the plane tangent to the vertex of the surface, c is the curvature of the vertex of the aspherical surface, c = 1 / Y, Y is the radius of curvature (i.e., the paraxial curvature c is the reciprocal of the radius of Y in Table 1), r is the distance from any point on the aspherical surface to the optical axis O, k is the conic constant, and Ai is the coefficient corresponding to the i-th higher-order term in the aspherical surface shape formula.

[0062] The optical lens 100 of this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to specific parameters.

[0063] First Embodiment The structural schematic diagram of the optical lens 100 disclosed in the first embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the optical lens 100 includes a filter IR, a first lens L1, an aperture stop STO, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a protective glass CG arranged sequentially along the optical axis O from the object side to the image side. The first lens L1 has positive refractive power, the second lens L2 has negative refractive power, and the third lens L3 has positive refractive power. The object side S1 of the first lens L1 is convex near the optical axis O, the image side S2 of the first lens L1 is concave near the optical axis O, the object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex near the optical axis O, the image side S4 of the second lens L2 is concave near the optical axis O, the object side S5 of the third lens L3 is convex near the optical axis O, and the image side S6 of the third lens L3 is convex near the optical axis O.

[0064] Specifically, the parameters of the optical lens 100 are given in Table 1 below. The elements along the optical axis O of the optical lens 100, from the object side to the image side, are arranged sequentially from top to bottom according to Table 1. In the same lens, the surface with the smaller surface number is the object side of the lens, and the surface with the larger surface number is the image side of the lens. For example, surface numbers 3 and 4 correspond to the object side S1 and image side S2 of the first lens L1, respectively. The Y-radius in Table 1 is the radius of curvature of the corresponding object side or image side at the optical axis O. The first value in the "thickness" parameter column of the lens is the thickness of the lens along the optical axis O, and the second value is the distance from the image side of the lens to the next surface along the optical axis O. The value of the stop STO in the "Thickness" parameter column represents the distance from the stop STO to the vertex of the next surface (the vertex refers to the intersection of the surface and the optical axis O) on the optical axis O. By default, the direction from the object side S1 of the first lens L1 to the image side of the last lens is the positive direction of the optical axis O. When this value is negative, it indicates that the stop STO is set on the image side of the next surface vertex. If the thickness of the stop STO is positive, the stop STO is on the object side of the next surface vertex. It can be understood that the units of Y radius, thickness, and focal length in Table 1 are all mm. And the refractive index, Abbe number, focal length, etc. in Table 1 are all obtained at a reference wavelength of 905.0000 nm.

[0065] In the first embodiment, both the object side and the image side of the second lens L2 are aspherical. Table 2 gives the conic constant k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14, and A16 that can be used for the aspherical mirror in the first embodiment.

[0066] Table 1 Table 2 Please see Figure 2 (A) in the middle Figure 2 Figure (A) shows longitudinal spherical aberration diagrams of the optical lens 100 in the first embodiment at wavelengths of 915.0000 nm, 905.0000 nm, and 895.0000 nm. The horizontal axis along the X-axis represents the focus offset in mm, and the vertical axis along the Y-axis represents the longitudinal spherical aberration. Figure 2 As can be seen from (A) in the diagram, the optical lens 100 in the first embodiment has a better spherical aberration value, indicating that the optical lens 100 in this embodiment has better imaging quality. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 (B) in the middle Figure 2 Figure (B) shows the astigmatism curve of the optical lens 100 in the first embodiment at a wavelength of 905.0000 nm. The horizontal axis along the X-axis represents the focus shift in mm, and the vertical axis along the Y-axis represents the field of view in degrees. In the astigmatism curve, T represents the curvature of the imaging plane IMG in the sub-arc direction, and S represents the curvature of the imaging plane IMG in the sagittal direction. Figure 2 As can be seen in (B) above, the astigmatism of optical lens 100 is well compensated at this wavelength. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 (C) in the middle, Figure 2 Figure (C) shows the distortion curve of the optical lens 100 in the first embodiment at a wavelength of 905.0000 nm. The horizontal axis along the X-axis represents distortion, and the vertical axis along the Y-axis represents the field of view, in degrees (deg). Figure 2 As can be seen from (C), the distortion of the optical lens 100 is well corrected at this wavelength.

[0067] Second Embodiment The structural schematic diagram of the optical lens 100 disclosed in the second embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 3As shown, the optical lens 100 includes a filter IR, a first lens L1, an aperture stop STO, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a protective glass CG arranged sequentially along the optical axis O from the object side to the image side. The first lens L1 has positive refractive power, the second lens L2 has negative refractive power, and the third lens L3 has positive refractive power. The object side S1 of the first lens L1 is convex near the optical axis O, the image side S2 of the first lens L1 is concave near the optical axis O, the object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex near the optical axis O, the image side S4 of the second lens L2 is concave near the optical axis O, the object side S5 of the third lens L3 is convex near the optical axis O, and the image side S6 of the third lens L3 is convex near the optical axis O. Table 3 shows the parameters of the optical lens 100 in the second embodiment. The focal length, material refractive index, and Abbe number are obtained using visible light with a reference wavelength of 905.0000 nm. The units for Y-radius, thickness, focal length, and effective half-aperture are millimeters (mm). The meanings of the other parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, both the object-side and image-side surfaces of the second lens L2 are aspherical. Table 4 gives the conic constant k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14, and A16 that can be used for the aspherical mirror surface in the second embodiment.

[0068] Table 3 Table 4 Please see Figure 4 ,Depend on Figure 4 As can be seen from (A) the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, (B) the astigmatism curve diagram, and (C) the distortion curve diagram, in the second embodiment, the longitudinal spherical aberration, astigmatism curve, and distortion of the optical lens 100 are all well controlled, thus the optical lens 100 of this embodiment has good imaging quality. Furthermore, regarding... Figure 4 (A) Figure 4 (B) and Figure 4 The wavelengths corresponding to the curves in (C) can be referred to in the first embodiment regarding... Figure 2 (A) in the middle Figure 2 (B) in the middle Figure 2 The content described in (C) will not be repeated here.

[0069] Third Embodiment The structural schematic diagram of the optical lens 100 disclosed in the third embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 5As shown, the optical lens 100 includes a filter IR, an aperture stop STO, a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a protective glass CG, arranged sequentially along the optical axis O from the object side to the image side. The first lens L1 has positive refractive power, the second lens L2 has negative refractive power, and the third lens L3 has positive refractive power. The object side S1 of the first lens L1 is convex near the optical axis O, and the image side S2 of the first lens L1 is concave near the optical axis O. The object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex near the optical axis O, and the image side S4 of the second lens L2 is concave near the optical axis O. The object side S5 of the third lens L3 is convex near the optical axis O, and the image side S6 of the third lens L3 is concave near the optical axis O. Table 5 shows the parameters of the optical lens 100 in the second embodiment. The focal length, material refractive index, and Abbe number are obtained using visible light with a reference wavelength of 905.0000 nm. The units for Y-radius, thickness, focal length, and effective half-aperture are millimeters (mm). The meanings of the other parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment. In the third embodiment, both the object-side and image-side surfaces of the second lens L2 are aspherical. Table 6 gives the conic constant k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14, and A16 that can be used for the aspherical mirror surface in the third embodiment.

[0070] Table 5 Table 6 Please see Figure 6 ,Depend on Figure 6 As can be seen from (A) the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, (B) the astigmatism curve diagram, and (C) the distortion curve diagram, in the third embodiment, the longitudinal spherical aberration, astigmatism curve, and distortion of the optical lens 100 are all well controlled, thus the optical lens 100 of this embodiment has good imaging quality. Furthermore, regarding... Figure 6 (A) Figure 6 (B) and Figure 6 The wavelengths corresponding to the curves in (C) can be referred to in the first embodiment regarding... Figure 2 (A) in the middle Figure 2 (B) in the middle Figure 2 The content described in (C) will not be repeated here.

[0071] Fourth embodiment The structural schematic diagram of the optical lens 100 disclosed in the fourth embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 7As shown, the optical lens 100 includes a filter IR, an aperture stop STO, a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a protective glass CG, arranged sequentially along the optical axis O from the object side to the image side. The first lens L1 has positive refractive power, the second lens L2 has negative refractive power, and the third lens L3 has positive refractive power. The object side S1 of the first lens L1 is convex near the optical axis O, and the image side S2 of the first lens L1 is concave near the optical axis O. The object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex near the optical axis O, and the image side S4 of the second lens L2 is concave near the optical axis O. The object side S5 of the third lens L3 is convex near the optical axis O, and the image side S6 of the third lens L3 is concave near the optical axis O. Table 7 shows the parameters of the optical lens 100 in the second embodiment. The focal length, material refractive index, and Abbe number are obtained using visible light with a reference wavelength of 905.0000 nm. The units for Y-radius, thickness, focal length, and effective half-aperture are millimeters (mm). The meanings of the other parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, both the object-side and image-side surfaces of the second lens L2 are aspherical. Table 8 gives the conic constant k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14, and A16 that can be used for the aspherical mirror surface in the fourth embodiment.

[0072] Table 7 Table 8 Please see Figure 8 ,Depend on Figure 8 As can be seen from (A) the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, (B) the astigmatism curve diagram, and (C) the distortion curve diagram, in the fourth embodiment, the longitudinal spherical aberration, astigmatism curve, and distortion of the optical lens 100 are all well controlled, thus the optical lens 100 of this embodiment has good imaging quality. Furthermore, regarding... Figure 8 (A) Figure 8 (B) and Figure 8 The wavelengths corresponding to the curves in (C) can be referred to in the first embodiment regarding... Figure 2 (A) in the middle Figure 2 (B) in the middle Figure 2 The content described in (C) will not be repeated here.

[0073] Fifth embodiment The structural schematic diagram of the optical lens 100 disclosed in the fifth embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 9As shown, the optical lens 100 includes a filter IR, a first lens L1, an aperture stop STO, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a protective glass CG, arranged sequentially along the optical axis O from the object side to the image side. The first lens L1 has positive refractive power, the second lens L2 has negative refractive power, and the third lens L3 has positive refractive power. The object side S1 of the first lens L1 is convex near the optical axis O, and the image side S2 of the first lens L1 is concave near the optical axis O. The object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex near the optical axis O, and the image side S4 of the second lens L2 is concave near the optical axis O. The object side S5 of the third lens L3 is convex near the optical axis O, and the image side S6 of the third lens L3 is concave near the optical axis O. Table 9 shows the parameters of the optical lens 100 in the second embodiment. The focal length, material refractive index, and Abbe number are obtained using visible light with a reference wavelength of 905.0000 nm. The units for Y-radius, thickness, focal length, and effective half-aperture are millimeters (mm). The meanings of the other parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment. In the fifth embodiment, both the object-side and image-side surfaces of the second lens L2 are aspherical. Table 10 gives the conic constant k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14, and A16 that can be used for the aspherical mirror surface in the fifth embodiment.

[0074] Table 9 Table 10 Please see Figure 10 ,Depend on Figure 10 As can be seen from (A) the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, (B) the astigmatism curve diagram, and (C) the distortion curve diagram, in the fifth embodiment, the longitudinal spherical aberration, astigmatism curve, and distortion of the optical lens 100 are all well controlled, thus the optical lens 100 of this embodiment has good imaging quality. Furthermore, regarding... Figure 10 (A) Figure 10 (B) and Figure 10 The wavelengths corresponding to the curves in (C) can be found in the fifth embodiment regarding... Figure 2 (A) in the middle Figure 2 (B) in the middle Figure 2 The content described in (C) will not be repeated here.

[0075] Table 11 shows the values ​​of FOV, TTL / F, FOV / FNO, F / ImgH, TTL / BFL, F2 / F, F3 / F, F2 / F1, R2 / R1, (R3+R4) / (R3-R4), F3 / R5, CT3 / CT2, CT12 / CT1, CT2 / CT23, SD1 / ImgH, R3 / SD3, R4 / SD4, SAGS1 / SAGS2, SAGS4 / SD4, |SD6 / SAGS6|, FNO, TTL / ImgH, FOV×F / ImgH, F1 / F, |R5 / R6|, F1 / CT1, F2 / CT2, and F3 / CT3 in the optical lenses 100 of the first to fifth embodiments.

[0076] Table 11 Please see Figure 11 This application also provides a camera module 200. The camera module 200 includes an optical lens 100 and an image sensor 201 as described in any of the above embodiments. The image sensor 201 is disposed on the image side of the optical lens 100. The image sensor 201 may be a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor or a charge-coupled device (CCD).

[0077] Please see Figure 12 This application also provides an electronic device 300. The electronic device 300 includes a housing 301 and a camera module 200, with the camera module 200 mounted on the housing 301. The electronic device 300 in this application includes, but is not limited to, imaging-enabled electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablets, smartwatches, thumb cameras, in-vehicle devices, autonomous robots, monitors, dashcams, drones, laptops, e-book readers, portable multimedia players (PMPs), portable telephones, video phones, mobile medical devices, and wearable devices.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. An optical lens, characterized in that, There are three refractive lenses in total, which are arranged along the optical axis from the object side to the image side as follows: The first lens has positive refractive power, its object side is convex near the optical axis, and its image side is concave near the optical axis; The second lens has negative refractive power, its object side is convex near the optical axis, and its image side is concave near the optical axis; The third lens has positive refractive power, and its object-side surface is convex near the optical axis. The optical lens satisfies the following relationship: 17°≤FOV≤23° 1.45≤TTL / F≤1.9; Wherein, FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens, TTL is the distance on the optical axis from the object side of the first lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens, and F is the effective focal length of the optical lens.

2. The optical lens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies the following relationship: 13.5°≤FOV / FNO≤18.6°, and / or, 4.9 ≤ F / ImgH ≤ 6.5, and / or, 5.4≤TTL / BFL≤5.6; Wherein, FNO is the aperture number of the optical lens, ImgH is half the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and BFL is the distance on the optical axis from the image side of the third lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens.

3. The optical lens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies the following relationship: -8≤F2 / F≤-4, and / or, 0.58≤F3 / F≤0.8, and / or, -4≤F2 / F1≤-1; Wherein, F1 is the effective focal length of the first lens, F2 is the effective focal length of the second lens, and F3 is the effective focal length of the third lens.

4. The optical lens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies the following relationship: 1≤R2 / R1≤2, and / or, 4.5≤(R3+R4) / (R3-R4)≤6, and / or, 0.2≤F3 / R5≤1.4; Wherein, R1 is the radius of curvature of the object side of the first lens at the optical axis, R2 is the radius of curvature of the image side of the first lens at the optical axis, R3 is the radius of curvature of the object side of the second lens at the optical axis, R4 is the radius of curvature of the image side of the second lens at the optical axis, R5 is the radius of curvature of the object side of the third lens at the optical axis, and F3 is the effective focal length of the third lens.

5. The optical lens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies the following relationship: 0.7 ≤ CT3 / CT2 ≤ 1.2, and / or, 1≤CT12 / CT1≤3.2, and / or, 1.1≤CT2 / CT23≤2.2; Wherein, CT1 is the thickness of the first lens on the optical axis, CT2 is the thickness of the second lens on the optical axis, CT3 is the thickness of the third lens on the optical axis, CT12 is the distance on the optical axis between the image side of the first lens and the object side of the second lens, and CT23 is the distance on the optical axis between the image side of the second lens and the object side of the third lens.

6. The optical lens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies the following relationship: 2.2 ≤ SD1 / ImgH ≤ 2.7, and / or, 1.2≤R3 / SD3≤1.4, and / or, 0.95≤R4 / SD4≤1.25; Wherein, SD1 is half of the maximum effective aperture of the object side of the first lens, SD3 is half of the maximum effective aperture of the object side of the second lens, SD4 is half of the maximum effective aperture of the image side of the second lens, ImgH is half of the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, R3 is the radius of curvature of the object side of the second lens at the optical axis, and R4 is the radius of curvature of the image side of the second lens at the optical axis.

7. The optical lens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies the following relationship: 1.4 ≤ SAGS1 / SAGS2 ≤ 2.4, and / or, 0.45≤SAGS4 / SD4≤0.56, and / or, 7.5≤|SD6 / SAGS6|≤66; Wherein, SAGS1 is the distance from the intersection of the object-side surface of the first lens and the optical axis to the maximum effective aperture of the object-side surface of the first lens on the optical axis; SAGS2 is the distance from the intersection of the image-side surface of the first lens and the optical axis to the maximum effective aperture of the image-side surface of the first lens on the optical axis; SAGS4 is the distance from the intersection of the image-side surface of the second lens and the optical axis to the maximum effective aperture of the image-side surface of the second lens on the optical axis; SAGS6 is the distance from the intersection of the image-side surface of the third lens and the optical axis to the maximum effective aperture of the image-side surface of the third lens on the optical axis; SD4 is half of the maximum effective aperture of the image-side surface of the second lens; and SD6 is half of the maximum effective aperture of the image-side surface of the third lens.

8. The optical lens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies the following relationship: 1.2≤FNO≤1.3, and / or, 9.2 ≤ TTL / ImgH ≤ 9.7, and / or, 109°≤FOV×F / ImgH≤117°; Wherein, FNO is the aperture number of the optical lens, and ImgH is half the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens.

9. A camera module, characterized in that, include: The optical lens as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; and An image sensor is located on the image side of the optical lens.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: case; and The camera module as described in claim 9 is mounted on the housing.

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