Comprehensive performance test board for air subsystem of hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The utility model relates to a comprehensive performance test board for an air subsystem of a hydrogen fuel cell, which relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells and comprises a test loop system, and the test loop system comprises an air filter, an air compressor, an intercooler, a moisture adjusting mechanism, a turbine, a throttle valve and a silencer which are sequentially arranged along an air conveying path. Pressure transmitters are arranged in front of and behind the air filter, the air compressor, the intercooler and the turbine, temperature transmitters are arranged in front of and behind the air filter, the air compressor, the intercooler and the turbine, a flow meter is arranged in front of the air compressor, and a humidity sensor is arranged in front of the turbine. The device can be used as an independent system for operation test, can be conveniently transported, even disassembled and assembled, and is convenient for later maintenance and function change.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a comprehensive performance test bench for an air subsystem of a hydrogen fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] The air subsystem is an important part of the hydrogen fuel cell system, and undertakes many functions such as oxygen supply, distribution, and regulation of the battery system. The air compressor (hereinafter referred to as the "air compressor"), as one of the most core components in the system, delivers clean air of a specific pressure and flow rate to the fuel cell stack, and provides the oxygen necessary for the fuel cell stack reaction. It is called the lungs of the hydrogen fuel cell. The intercooler cools the compressed air of the air compressor through heat exchange between the coolant and the air, so that the temperature of the air entering the fuel cell stack is within a reasonable range.

[0003] At present, the air compressors and intercoolers for hydrogen fuel cell systems in China are mainly customized and developed based on customer needs. They are developing rapidly and have a wide variety of products. There are certain differences in structure and performance, and it is difficult to achieve uniformity. In addition, if there is a mismatch during the test process, it is also very easy to damage the core components of the battery system, thereby causing damage to equipment and personnel. There are mainly the following problems:

[0004] 1. Different brands of air compressors and intercoolers have different structural requirements for mechanical nozzles, electrical nozzles, etc., and it is difficult to directly install them on the vehicle-mounted hydrogen fuel cell system for matching testing;

[0005] 2. Different brands of air compressors and intercoolers have different test parameter requirements, which makes it difficult to display and feedback directly on the on-board hydrogen fuel cell system. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a simple and safe universal hydrogen fuel cell air subsystem comprehensive performance test bench, which is of great significance for the selection verification, development and research of important parts such as air compressors and intercoolers of different brands, and the matching test with the system, as well as the important links such as arrival quality inspection, regular spot checks, fault analysis and processing. Ultimately, it is ensured that the air compressor and intercooler installed on the hydrogen fuel cell system have appropriate performance and are safe and reliable.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell air subsystem comprehensive performance test bench, including a test loop system, wherein the test loop system includes an air filter, an air compressor, an intercooler, a humidity regulating mechanism, a turbine, a throttle, and a muffler arranged in sequence along an air delivery path, pressure transmitters are provided before and after the air filter, after the air compressor, after the intercooler, and before and after the turbine, temperature transmitters are provided in front of the air filter, after the air compressor, after the intercooler, and before and after the turbine, a flow meter is provided in front of the air compressor, and a humidity sensor is provided in front of the turbine.

[0008] Preferably, a pipeline is further provided between the air compressor and the muffler, on which an electric stop valve, a pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter, and a flow meter are sequentially provided.

[0009] Preferably, the pipeline between the intercooler and the moisture regulating mechanism is further connected to the air compressor through a pipeline and is provided with a flow regulating valve.

[0010] Preferably, the humidity regulating mechanism uses two manual three-way ball valves connected in series with the main circuit to achieve free switching between the direct main circuit and the humidification bypass.

[0011] Preferably, the air filter inlet pipe and the air filter outlet pipe are both connected to the air filter by a hose; the air compressor inlet pipe is connected to the air compressor by a hose, and the air compressor cooling water inlet pipe and the air compressor cooling water outlet pipe are both threaded or plug-in connected to the air compressor; the intercooler inlet pipe is connected to the air compressor and the intercooler by a hose, the intercooler cooling water inlet pipe and the intercooler cooling water outlet pipe are both threaded or plug-in connected, the intercooler outlet pipe is connected to the intercooler by a hose, and is flange-connected to the first manual three-way ball valve; the moisture module humidification inlet pipe, the first manual three-way ball valve, the three-way ball valve connecting pipe, the second manual three-way ball valve, and the moisture module humidification outlet pipe are all flange-connected; the turbine inlet pipe is flange-connected to the second manual three-way ball valve, and is connected to the turbine by a hose; the turbine outlet pipe is connected to the turbine and the throttle by a hose; the muffler three-way pipe is connected to the throttle, the muffler, and the second flow meter by a hose.

[0012] Preferably, all pressure transmitters, temperature transmitters, humidity sensors and pipes in the system loop are connected by threads or plug-in connections; the first flow meter is connected to the air filter outlet pipe by a hose; the second flow meter is connected to the electric stop valve and the muffler three-way pipe by a hose; the flow regulating valve is connected to the air compressor and the intercooler by a hose; the electric stop valve is connected to the air compressor by a hose.

[0013] Preferably, the test loop system is connected to a main control system, a high-voltage power supply system, a low-voltage power supply system, a moisture control module, and a temperature control module, wherein the moisture control module is connected to the moisture regulating mechanism, and the temperature control module is connected to the air compressor and the intercooler.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a test bench cabinet that is convenient for integrated installation of all structural components.

[0015] The utility model designs a hydrogen fuel cell air subsystem comprehensive performance test bench, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. Able to meet the performance test of core components such as air compressors and intercoolers for fuel cells at the 10-150KW level;

[0017] 2. With a few minor modifications to a small number of mechanical and electrical components, it can be compatible with the mechanical interface, electrical interface and other installation requirements of air compressors and intercoolers of different brands;

[0018] 3. Just a little addition or modification to the system and software can meet the parameter testing requirements of air compressors and intercoolers of different brands, and the control and detection interface remain consistent;

[0019] The test bench can be run as a separate system for testing. It can be easily transported and even disassembled and assembled. It is easy to maintain and change functions later. The test bench test, control, data acquisition and processing related software are open source to users. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is the system layout diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell air subsystem comprehensive performance test bench;

[0021] Figure 2 This is the test circuit schematic diagram of the comprehensive performance test bench for the air subsystem of a hydrogen fuel cell;

[0022] Figure 3 This is the test circuit structure diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell air subsystem comprehensive performance test bench.

[0023] Reference numerals:

[0024] 100. Test loop system; 101. Air filter; 1011. Air filter inlet pipe; 1012. Air filter outlet pipe; 102. Air compressor; 1021. Air compressor inlet pipe; 1022. Air compressor cooling water inlet pipe; 1023. Air compressor cooling water outlet pipe; 103. Intercooler; 1031. Intercooler inlet pipe; 1032. Intercooler cooling water inlet pipe; 1033. Intercooler cooling water outlet pipe; 1034. Intercooler outlet pipe; 104. Humidity regulating mechanism; 1041. Humidity module humidification inlet pipe; 1042. First manual three-way ball valve; 1043. Three-way ball valve connecting pipe; 1044. Second manual three-way ball valve; 1045. Humidification module humidification outlet pipe; 105. Turbine; 1051, turbine inlet pipe; 1052, turbine outlet pipe; 106, throttle valve; 107, silencer; 1071, silencer tee pipe; 108, first pressure transmitter; 109, second pressure transmitter; 110, third pressure transmitter; 111, fourth pressure transmitter; 112, fifth pressure transmitter; 113, sixth pressure transmitter; 114, seventh pressure transmitter; 115, first temperature transmitter; 116, second temperature transmitter; 117, third temperature transmitter; 118, fourth temperature transmitter; 119, fifth temperature transmitter; 120, sixth temperature transmitter; 121, first flow meter; 122, second flow meter; 123, humidity sensor; 124, flow regulating valve; 125, electric stop valve;

[0025] 200, main control system; 300, auxiliary controller system; 400, actuator driver system; 500, high voltage power supply system; 600, low voltage power supply system; 700, humidity control module; 800, temperature control module; 900, test bench cabinet;

[0026] A1, air inlet; A2, air outlet; B1, air compressor cooling water inlet; B2, air compressor cooling water outlet; C1, intercooler cooling water inlet; C2, intercooler cooling water outlet; D1, main air; E1, bypass moisture module humidification inlet; E2, bypass moisture module humidification outlet; K1, first manual three-way ball valve shaft; K2, second manual three-way ball valve shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0028] The embodiment of the utility model discloses a universal hydrogen fuel cell air subsystem comprehensive performance test bench, and its system layout specifically includes: a test loop system 100, a main control system 200, an auxiliary controller system 300, an actuator driver system 400, a high-voltage power supply system 500, a low-voltage power supply system 600, a moisture control module 700, and a temperature control module 800, which are composed of eight parts in total.

[0029] The main control system 200 mainly includes a control cabinet, a test bench controller, a main control computer, control software and other parts, and is interconnected and controlled with various modules in the test loop system 100 through the CAN protocol.

[0030] The auxiliary controller system 300 is responsible for controlling the start, stop, speed regulation and other functions of the equipment in the air subsystem.

[0031] The actuator driver system 400 is responsible for controlling the actuation of each driving structure in the air subsystem.

[0032] The high voltage power supply system 500 is responsible for providing DC power to the air compressor 102 of the air subsystem.

[0033] The low voltage power supply system 600 is responsible for providing the required control power to each controller in the air subsystem.

[0034] The humidity control module 700 is mainly used to humidify the air in the air subsystem. The product of the chemical reaction of the hydrogen fuel cell is water, that is to say, the tail exhaust product of the battery contains not only high-temperature air, but also a certain amount of liquid water. This part of the high-temperature and high-humidity mixed gas will be reintroduced into the inlet of the turbine 105 as energy recovery, and continue to expand and do work to provide power for the battery system. The humidity control module 700 humidifies the air at the inlet of the turbine 105 in this test bench to simulate the inlet working conditions of the turbine 105 in a high-power fuel cell system. The module can realize air humidification and temperature control at the same time, and has functions such as data control, collection, transmission, and recording.

[0035] The temperature control module 800 is mainly used to provide water cooling for the air compressor 102 and the intercooler 103. The module can realize the functions of data control, collection, transmission, and recording of the pressure, temperature, and flow of the air compressor 102 and the intercooler 103, and the two temperature control modules 800 of the air compressor 102 and the intercooler 103 can realize independent control and independent operation.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 The test loop system 100 specifically includes: an air filter 101, an air compressor 102, an intercooler 103, a humidity regulating mechanism 104, a turbine 105, a throttle valve 106, and a muffler 107, which are composed of seven parts in total.

[0037] The humidity regulating mechanism 104 can realize free switching between the direct main route and the humidification bypass, that is, when the air does not need to be humidified, it switches to the main route air D1 directly through the main route; when the air needs to be humidified, the air will enter the humidity control module 700 from the humidification inlet E1 of the bypass humidity module, and the humidified air will return to the system from the humidification outlet E2 of the bypass humidity module.

[0038] Air enters the air filter 101 from the air inlet A1, and particulate impurities such as dust and aerosols in the air are filtered out. The resulting clean air enters the air compressor 102, and after being compressed and pressurized by the impeller, it is sent to the intercooler 103 for heat exchange cooling. The high-temperature air is sent to the moisture control module 700 through the moisture regulating mechanism 104 for a certain amount of humidification, and then the high-temperature and high-humidity air is sent to the turbine 105 for expansion and work. The flow rate, pressure and other parameters of the entire air passage can be adjusted by the throttle 106. Finally, the exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the air outlet A2 after the noise is reduced by the muffler 107.

[0039] During the operation of the air subsystem, it is necessary to continuously collect and transmit performance parameters through pressure transmitters, temperature transmitters, flow meters, humidity sensors, etc. The performance parameters mainly include: the pressure of the first pressure transmitter 108 and the second pressure transmitter 109 before and after the air filter 101, the temperature of the first temperature transmitter 115 before the air filter 101; the flow of the first flow meter 121 before the air compressor 102, the pressure of the third pressure transmitter 110 and the temperature of the second temperature transmitter 116 after the air compressor 102; the pressure of the fourth pressure transmitter 111 and the temperature of the third temperature transmitter 117 after the intercooler 103; the pressure of the fifth pressure transmitter 112, the pressure of the sixth pressure transmitter 113, the temperature of the fourth temperature transmitter 118, the temperature of the fifth temperature transmitter 119 before and after the turbine 105, and the humidity of the humidity sensor 123 before the turbine 105. Finally, the data can be sorted according to actual needs, and characteristic graphs of parameters such as pressure ratio, flow rate, efficiency, and speed of the air compressor 102 can be drawn, and characteristic graphs of parameters such as expansion ratio, flow rate, efficiency, head coefficient, and speed of the turbine 105 can be drawn, and stored and printed in document format.

[0040] During the operation of the air subsystem, if the air compressor 102 is air-cooled by external bleed air, the electric stop valve 125 must be opened to provide the required cooling air for the air compressor 102 through the intercooler 103. At the same time, the pressure, temperature and flow data of the cooling air discharge port are monitored, and the usage of the branch cooling air is adjusted through the flow regulating valve 124. Finally, the branch cooling air is also discharged into the atmosphere after noise reduction by the muffler 107. If the air compressor 102 is air-cooled by internal self-bleed air, the electric stop valve 125 needs to be completely closed, and the branch cooling air will be automatically closed.

[0041] During the operation of the air compressor 102, its internal rotor shaft system, motor and other components will generate a large amount of heat, which will be transferred to the shell of the air compressor 102. This solution adopts a water-cooled countercurrent heat exchange method to cool the air compressor 102, that is, water enters from the high-temperature side of the air compressor 102 (air compressor cooling water inlet B1), and water exits from the low-temperature side of the air compressor 102 (air compressor cooling water outlet B2), thereby maximizing the heat exchange efficiency.

[0042] The intercooler 103 cools the air in the main circuit by using a water-cooled countercurrent heat exchange method, that is, water enters from the downstream side of the intercooler 103 (intercooler cooling water inlet C1), and water exits from the upstream side of the intercooler 103 (intercooler cooling water outlet C2), thereby maximizing the heat exchange efficiency.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 The humidity regulating mechanism 104 uses two manual three-way ball valves (the first manual three-way ball valve 1042 and the second manual three-way ball valve 1044) in series with the main circuit, which can realize free switching between the direct main circuit and the humidification bypass. When the air in the test bench passage does not need humidification treatment, the first manual three-way ball valve shaft K1 of the first manual three-way ball valve 1042 and the second manual three-way ball valve shaft K2 of the second manual three-way ball valve 1044 are maintained at the current vertical position, and the air does not pass through the humidity control module 700, but directly enters the direct main circuit horizontally to the right through the three-way ball valve connecting pipe 1043, flows to the turbine 105, and expands and performs work; when the air in the test bench passage needs humidification treatment, the first manual three-way ball valve The first manual three-way ball valve shaft K1 of 1042 rotates counterclockwise 90° to a horizontal position, and the second manual three-way ball valve shaft K2 of the second manual three-way ball valve 1044 rotates clockwise 90° to a horizontal position, then the air will enter the humidity control module 700 through the bypass humidity module humidification inlet E1 of the humidity module humidification inlet pipe 1041, and the humidified air will flow into the humidity module humidification outlet pipe 1045 from the bypass humidity module humidification outlet E2 after humidification. In this way, the high-temperature humid air after humidification flows to the turbine 105 to expand and do work.

[0044] The air filter inlet pipe 1011 and the air filter outlet pipe 1012 are both connected to the air filter 101 by a hose; the air compressor inlet pipe 1021 is connected to the air compressor 102 by a hose, and the air compressor cooling water inlet pipe 1022 and the air compressor cooling water outlet pipe 1023 are both connected to the air compressor 102 by threads or plug-in; the intercooler inlet pipe 1031 and the air compressor 102 and the intercooler 103 are both connected by a hose, and the intercooler cooling water inlet pipe 1032 and the intercooler cooling water outlet pipe 1033 are both connected by threads or plug-in, and the intercooler outlet pipe 1034 is connected to the intercooler 103 by a hose. It is flange-connected to the first manual three-way ball valve 1042; the moisture module humidification inlet pipe 1041, the first manual three-way ball valve 1042, the three-way ball valve connecting pipe 1043, the second manual three-way ball valve 1044, and the moisture module humidification outlet pipe 1045 are all flange-connected; the turbine inlet pipe 1051 is flange-connected to the second manual three-way ball valve 1044, and is connected to the turbine 105 by a hose; the turbine outlet pipe 1052 is hose-connected to the turbine 105 and the throttle 106; the muffler three-way pipe 1071 is hose-connected to the throttle 106, the muffler 107, and the second flow meter 122.

[0045] All pressure transmitters, temperature transmitters, humidity sensors 123 and pipes in the system loop are connected by threads or plug-in; the first flow meter 121 and the air filter outlet pipe 1012 are connected by a hose; the second flow meter 122 and the electric stop valve 125 and the muffler three-way pipe 1071 are connected by a hose; the flow control valve 124 and the air compressor 102 and the intercooler 103 are connected by a hose; the electric stop valve 125 and the air compressor 102 are connected by a hose;

[0046] The utility model also designs a test bench cabinet 900, in which all mechanical equipment, pipelines and other structural parts of the test bench can be integrated and installed, and fixed by various types of pipe clamps to ensure that the air subsystem passage can operate normally. If the test bench needs to be transferred, transported, or modified, the test bench cabinet 900 can be easily disassembled and reassembled.

[0047] The utility model can meet the performance test of core components such as air compressor 102 and intercooler 103 for hydrogen fuel cells of 10-150KW level; with slight modifications to a small number of mechanical and electrical components, it can be compatible with the mechanical interface, electrical interface and other installation requirements of air compressors 102 and intercoolers 103 of different brands; with slight additions or modifications to the system and software, it can meet the parameter test requirements of air compressors 102 and intercoolers 103 of different brands, and the control and detection interfaces remain consistent. The bench can be used as a separate system for operation testing, and can be easily transported or even disassembled and assembled. Later maintenance and function changes are convenient, and the bench testing, control, data acquisition and processing related software are open source to users. Manual and automatic control can be realized for the working condition test in the characteristic test, and the experimental data can be automatically collected, processed, displayed, stored and printed out in excel / pdf documents.

[0048] The test bench can complete the following test functions:

[0049] 1. Characteristic test of air compressor 102: test and collect the inlet and outlet gas pressure, temperature and flow rate of air compressor 102;

[0050] Automatically draw characteristic graphs of pressure ratio, flow rate, efficiency and speed (converted to standard state 0℃, 101.3kPa), and store and print out PDF documents;

[0051] 2. Characteristic test of turbine 105: test and collect the inlet and outlet gas pressure, temperature and flow rate of turbine 105;

[0052] Automatically draw the characteristic graphs of expansion ratio, flow rate, efficiency, pressure head coefficient and speed (humidity requirement RH100%), and store and print out PDF documents;

[0053] 3. Flow characteristic test of air compressor 102 cooling water circuit: The air compressor 102 cooling water circuit test system can adjust the cooling water flow, test and collect the inlet and outlet pressure, temperature and flow of the air compressor 102 cooling water; automatically draw the characteristic graph of cooling water flow, pressure drop and temperature, and store and print out PDF documents;

[0054] 4. Heat dissipation capacity test of the intercooler 103;

[0055] 5. Flow resistance test of the intercooler 103.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell air subsystem comprehensive performance test bench, characterized in that: The invention comprises a test loop system (100), wherein the test loop system (100) comprises an air filter (101), an air compressor (102), an intercooler (103), a humidity regulating mechanism (104), a turbine (105), a throttle (106), and a muffler (107) which are sequentially arranged along an air delivery path; pressure transmitters are arranged before and after the air filter (101), after the air compressor (102), after the intercooler (103), and before and after the turbine (105); temperature transmitters are arranged before the air filter (101), after the air compressor (102), after the intercooler (103), and before and after the turbine (105); a flow meter is arranged before the air compressor (102), and a humidity sensor is arranged before the turbine (105).

2. A hydrogen fuel cell air subsystem comprehensive performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pipeline is further provided between the air compressor (102) and the muffler (107), on which an electric stop valve (125), a pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter, and a flow meter are sequentially provided.

3. A hydrogen fuel cell air subsystem comprehensive performance test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pipeline between the intercooler (103) and the moisture regulating mechanism (104) is further connected to the air compressor (102) through a pipeline and is provided with a flow regulating valve (124).

4. A hydrogen fuel cell air subsystem comprehensive performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The humidity regulating mechanism (104) uses two manual three-way ball valves connected in series with the main path to achieve free switching between the direct main path and the humidification bypass.

5. A hydrogen fuel cell air subsystem comprehensive performance test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air filter inlet pipe (1011) and the air filter outlet pipe (1012) are both connected to the air filter (101) by a hose; the air compressor inlet pipe (1021) and the air compressor (102) are connected to the air compressor (102) by a hose, and the air compressor cooling water inlet pipe (1022) and the air compressor cooling water outlet pipe (1023) are both connected to the air compressor (102) by a threaded or plug-in connection; the intercooler inlet pipe (1031) and the air compressor (102) and the intercooler (103) are both connected to the air compressor (102) and the intercooler (103) by a hose, and the intercooler cooling water inlet pipe (1032) and the intercooler cooling water outlet pipe (1033) are both connected to the intercooler (103) by a threaded or plug-in connection, and the intercooler outlet pipe (1034) and the intercooler (103) are connected to the intercooler (103) by a hose. A manual three-way ball valve (1042) is flange-connected; the moisture module humidification inlet pipe (1041), the first manual three-way ball valve (1042), the three-way ball valve connecting pipe (1043), the second manual three-way ball valve (1044), and the moisture module humidification outlet pipe (1045) are all flange-connected; the turbine air inlet pipe (1051) is flange-connected to the second manual three-way ball valve (1044), and is connected to the turbine (105) by a hose; the turbine air outlet pipe (1052) is hose-connected to the turbine (105) and the throttle valve (106); the muffler three-way pipe (1071) is hose-connected to the throttle valve (106), the muffler (107), and the second flow meter (122).

6. A hydrogen fuel cell air subsystem comprehensive performance test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that: All pressure transmitters, temperature transmitters, humidity sensors and pipes in the system loop are connected by threads or plug-in connections; the first flow meter (121) and the air filter outlet pipe (1012) are connected by a hose; the second flow meter (122) and the electric stop valve (125) and the muffler three-way pipe (1071) are connected by a hose; the flow control valve (124) and the air compressor (102) and the intercooler (103) are connected by a hose; the electric stop valve (125) and the air compressor (102) are connected by a hose.

7. A hydrogen fuel cell air subsystem comprehensive performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test loop system (100) is connected to a main control system (200), a high-voltage power supply system (500), a low-voltage power supply system (600), a moisture control module (700), and a temperature control module (800), wherein the moisture control module (700) is connected to the moisture regulating mechanism (104), and the temperature control module (800) is connected to the air compressor (102) and the intercooler (103).

8. A hydrogen fuel cell air subsystem comprehensive performance test bench according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also included is a test bench cabinet (900) that facilitates the integrated installation of all structural components.

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