Chemical oxygen generator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a chemical oxygen generator. The oxygen generator comprises a percussion mechanism assembly, a zirconium-containing blanket, an oxygen production flux core assembly, a shell, a purification material assembly, a heat insulation material and an air outlet end, the percussion mechanism assembly and the air outlet end are fixed to the upper end and the lower end of the shell in a sealed mode respectively, the oxygen production flux core is fixed into the shell through a heat insulation material and a zirconium-containing blanket, and the purification material assembly is arranged in a cavity between the bottom of the oxygen production flux core and the air outlet end. A percussion mechanism of the percussion mechanism assembly penetrates through the zirconium-containing blanket and then makes contact with the oxygen production flux core assembly, the percussion mechanism is started through low voltage so that an oxygen production flux core can produce oxygen, and the purification material assembly adsorbs impurities in oxygen production gas of the oxygen production flux core and provides an air channel. And the air outlet end is used for limiting the axial movement of the oxygen production medicine core assembly, the heat insulation material and the purification material assembly in the shell and providing an air outlet channel for purified oxygen. The device has no electromagnetic interference in the oxygen production process, and is safe and reliable to start and low in oxygen production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical reaction equipment, in particular to a chemical oxygen generator. Background Art

[0002] Oxygen is an important substance for maintaining the survival and breathing of personnel, and it is also one of the important factors affecting the operating efficiency of operators. In order to ensure the life safety and normal operation of drivers and passengers, the oxygen concentration standard in the closed cabin operation needs to be controlled between 19% and 21%. In order to ensure the oxygen concentration in the cabin, an oxygen supply device is needed to supply oxygen. At present, there are several ways of oxygen supply: liquid oxygen supply, molecular sieve oxygen supply, compressed oxygen source oxygen supply, chemical oxygen supply, etc. When using the liquid oxygen supply method, it needs to be gasified, decompressed, and finally mixed, and released into the vehicle cabin for personnel to breathe. Liquid oxygen has a high purity and will not cause secondary pollution to the cabin. It is economical and reliable. However, liquid oxygen needs to be stored below -183℃ and maintained at a low temperature for a long time. It is greatly affected by temperature and has a high cost of oxygen production; molecular sieve oxygen supply equipment has a complex structure and a large volume, and the oxygen concentration produced is below 40%. The adsorption efficiency of the adsorbent required for the equipment is easily affected by humidity and temperature; compressed oxygen source oxygen production belongs to physical oxygen production, which requires a large energy consumption, and the containers for storing oxygen sources are all pressure vessels, which poses a safety hazard. Chemical oxygen supply mainly uses oxygen-producing powder columns made of solid oxygen-containing chlorate. The oxygen-producing powder columns are pressed or cast to form a chemical oxygen generator. When used, the oxygen-producing powder columns are ignited. The oxygen-producing powder columns are heated and continuously release oxygen to supply the cabin personnel with breathing. It can be used as an oxygen supply device. The starting methods of the oxygen-producing powder core include instantaneous high-voltage starting by piezoelectric ceramics, starting by a percussion cap, and starting by a power supply.

[0003] Chinese utility model patents CN212503989U and CN2327403Y use piezoelectric ceramics to generate instantaneous high voltage for starting. The instantaneous high voltage process will generate electromagnetic interference, affecting the normal use of instruments and equipment.

[0004] The Chinese utility model patent CN112960651B discloses a chemical oxygen generator with a gas path and a core fixing structure. The firing mechanism of the chemical oxygen generator uses a primer to strike a delay charge to trigger the oxygen-producing core to produce oxygen. This device has a complex structure, is difficult to assemble, and has a high starting temperature. In addition, the primer is a pyrotechnic product, and its transportation and use are subject to control. During the assembly process, the cylinder is wrapped with a large piece of red copper, which is costly.

[0005] There are many chemical oxygen generators that are started by DC power supply, such as the vehicle-mounted oxygen supply device in Chinese utility model patent CN201923844U, which includes an oxygen supply unit, a controller, and a gas pipeline. Its oxygen supply unit adopts a chemical oxygen supply method, providing a miniaturized vehicle-mounted oxygen supply device with a high oxygen concentration, but the oxygen supply unit in the patent is not described in detail. The handheld oxygen supply device in Chinese utility model patent CN214415391U has a piezoelectric plate inside the shell, and a discharge mechanism for starting a thermochemical reaction is connected to the upper part of the piezoelectric plate. A battery powered by the discharge mechanism is provided at the lower part of the piezoelectric plate. During the initial start-up of the thermal reaction, the temperature is 400℃-500℃, and the high temperature environment poses a great safety hazard to the installed battery. The portable individual oxygen supply device in Chinese utility model patent CN201643286U does not mention the internal structure or assembly method of the oxygen generator.

[0006] In the prior art of oxygen supply devices, first, chemical oxygen generators started by instantaneous high voltage have the problem of electromagnetic interference; second, chemical oxygen generators started by impact primers have complex assembly structures and are expensive; third, no relevant patent literature on the corresponding internal structure and assembly method of oxygen generators started by DC power supply has been found. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a chemical oxygen generator based on power supply startup, which has no electromagnetic interference, is safe and reliable to start, and has low cost.

[0008] A chemical oxygen generator comprises a firing mechanism assembly, a zirconium-containing blanket, an oxygen-generating core assembly, a housing, a purification material assembly, a heat-insulating material and an air outlet;

[0009] The firing mechanism assembly and the air outlet end are sealed and fixed to the upper and lower ends of the shell respectively, the oxygen-producing core is fixed inside the shell by means of a heat-insulating material and a zirconium-containing blanket, and a purification material assembly is arranged in a cavity between the bottom of the oxygen-producing core and the air outlet end; the firing mechanism of the firing mechanism assembly contacts the oxygen-producing core assembly after passing through the zirconium-containing blanket, the firing mechanism is started by a low voltage to cause the oxygen-producing core to produce oxygen, the purification material assembly absorbs impurities in the oxygen-producing gas produced by the oxygen-producing core and provides an airway, and the air outlet end is used to limit the axial movement of the oxygen-producing core assembly, the heat-insulating material and the purification material assembly inside the shell and provide an air outlet channel for the purified oxygen.

[0010] Further, the firing mechanism assembly includes an upper end cover and a firing mechanism, and the firing mechanism includes an ignition head, a porcelain tube, a wire, a bolt, an inner gasket, an inner hole sealing gasket, an outer gasket and a nut;

[0011] Two through holes are processed on the upper end cover, and the diameter of the through holes is consistent with the outer diameter of the inner hole sealing gasket. The inner hole sealing gasket is placed horizontally in the through hole, with the direction of the oxygen-producing core as the inner side, and the inner gasket and the outer gasket are placed on the inner and outer sides of the upper end cover respectively. The head of the bolt is located on the inner side of the upper end cover, and the screw rod passes through the inner gasket, the inner hole sealing gasket, and the outer gasket in sequence and is locked by a nut; one end of the two wires is fixed to the heads of the two bolts respectively, and the other ends of the two wires are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the ignition head installed in the porcelain tube; the upper end cover is sealed and welded to the upper end of the shell.

[0012] Furthermore, the oxygen-producing core assembly includes a head oxygen-producing core, a terminal oxygen-producing core, an intermediate oxygen-producing core, a delay charge, an ignition charge column and a metal cover. The head oxygen-producing core, the intermediate oxygen-producing core and the terminal oxygen-producing core have the same outer diameter but different shapes at both ends. Both ends of the head oxygen-producing core are grooves, one end is used to place the delay charge and the ignition charge column, and the other end is connected with the convex groove of the next oxygen-producing core, and the ignition head element of the firing mechanism contacts the ignition charge column; a convex groove is set at one end of the intermediate oxygen-producing core, and a groove is set at the other end; one end of the terminal oxygen-producing core is set with a convex groove, and the other end is a plane. The head oxygen-producing core, the intermediate oxygen-producing core and the terminal oxygen-producing core are connected in sequence to form a complete oxygen-producing core. The metal cover is sleeved on the outside of the head oxygen-producing core, and the oxygen-producing core is composed of sodium chlorate as an oxygen-producing source, iron powder as a fuel, cobalt oxide as a catalyst and magnesium oxide as an additive.

[0013] Furthermore, the metal cover is fixed to the oxygen-generating core at the head end by two metal wires, the metal wires axially pass through both sides of the oxygen-generating core and bypass the top of the metal shell, and the two ends of the metal wires meet at the bottom of the oxygen-generating core at the end. The two metal wires are in a cross shape, and the two sides of the metal wires are bent at a certain angle to tighten the metal wires.

[0014] Furthermore, the purification material assembly includes a metal perforated plate mesh, a granular interlayer material and a purification material. The metal perforated plate mesh and the granular interlayer material confine the purification material to the space below the oxygen-producing core assembly inside the shell. The metal perforated plate mesh is used to provide an air path, the purification material is used to absorb moisture and gas impurities, and the granular interlayer material is made of the same material as the thermal insulation material, which plays an isolation role and prevents particles from falling.

[0015] Furthermore, the purification material is composed of soda lime particles and chemical filter particles, and the chemical filter particles are one or more of hopcalite or precious metal particles.

[0016] Furthermore, the thermal insulation material is a combination of one or more of ceramic fiber, glass fiber, aerogel felt, and high-silica needle felt.

[0017] Furthermore, the shell is cylindrical in shape and is made of stainless steel or tinplate; the metal cover is made of brass.

[0018] Furthermore, the gas outlet end comprises a lower end cover and a gas outlet, the lower end cover is seal-welded to the lower end of the shell, and the gas outlet is welded on the lower end cover.

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The firing mechanism assembly of the utility model is started by low voltage to cause the oxygen-producing core to produce oxygen. Since it is started by a DC low-voltage power supply, it will not generate high-energy electromagnetic interference and will not cause hidden dangers to the operation of the instruments and meters in the vehicle. At the same time, the packaging structure of the ignition head is introduced into the firing mechanism assembly, so that the firing mechanism can safely and reliably start the chemical oxygen generator; a structure with concave and convex grooves that fit tightly is set inside multiple oxygen-producing cores, so that the oxygen supply is continuous and stable. It can be started reliably at the starting end, and the oxygen supply is guaranteed to be continuous. Compared with the existing process, pyrotechnics that do not use primers do not need to use copper plates to wrap the oxygen-producing core. The structure is relatively simple, eliminating the process of copper plate processing, and using flexible materials such as thermal insulation materials is convenient for assembly operations.

[0021] 2. In the firing mechanism assembly of the utility model, the starting method of the firing assembly is designed in which the ignition head is inserted into a porcelain tube and encapsulated in an ignition charge column. The ignition head is not easy to fall off, and at the same time, the starting mechanism is prevented from malfunctioning, and the starting is safe and reliable.

[0022] 3. The firing mechanism assembly of the utility model does not use explosives, and the raw materials do not use expensive metal materials such as copper sheets, so the cost is low.

[0023] 4. The oxygen-generating core of the utility model adopts a segmented structure, and the cores are matched with grooves and convex grooves. The oxygen-generating core at the groove fully preheats the convex groove of the next section of the oxygen-generating core, and the probability of the oxygen-generating core burning interruption is greatly reduced. In addition, in the pressing of the oxygen-generating core, the density of the segmented pressing core is more uniform and the pressing time is short, and the production efficiency is high.

[0024] 5. The utility model covers the oxygen-producing core at the head end with a metal shell. The oxygen-producing core at the head end has a relatively fast initial combustion rate and is prone to deflagration. The metal shell can suppress deflagration and avoid accidents caused by deflagration of the core. The copper shell and the oxygen-producing core are bound together with metal wire, which not only fixes the oxygen-producing core, but also forms a channel for oxygen gas in the gap between the copper wire and the insulation material, thereby ensuring the safety of oxygen supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the chemical oxygen generator of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the firing mechanism assembly of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of fixing the oxygen-producing core of the utility model.

[0028] Among them, 1-firing mechanism assembly, 1.1-firing mechanism, 1.2-upper end cover, 2-zirconium-containing blanket, 3-ignition charge column, 4-metal shell, 5-delay charge, 6-insulating material, 7-oxygen-producing core, 7.1-first end oxygen-producing core, 7.2-other oxygen-producing cores, 7.3-end oxygen-producing core, 8-shell, 9-metal perforated plate mesh, 10-granular interlayer material, 11-purification material, 11.1-soda lime particles, 11.2-chemical filtration particles, 12-gas outlet, 12.1-lower end cover, 12.2-gas outlet, 13-ignition head, 14-porcelain tube, 15-wire, 16-brass bolt, 17-inner gasket, 18-inner hole sealing gasket, 19-outer gasket, 20-nut, 21-screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] The utility model provides a chemical oxygen generator, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, it includes a firing mechanism assembly 1, an oxygen-generating core 7, a shell 8, a purification material 11, a heat-insulating material 6 and an air outlet 12.

[0031] The firing mechanism assembly 1 is provided at the top end of the housing 8, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, it is composed of a firing mechanism 1.1 and an upper end cover 1.2. The upper end cover 1.2 is provided with two through holes, and the firing mechanism 1.1 is fixed on the upper end cover 1.2. The firing mechanism 1.1 is composed of a conducting mechanism composed of a brass bolt 16 and a triggering mechanism composed of an ignition head element 13, a porcelain tube 14 with two through holes, and two connecting wires 15. With the oxygen-producing core as the inner side, the screw 21 of the brass bolt 16 is located on the inner side of the upper end cover 1.2, and the screw 21 passes through the inner gasket mica sheet 17, the inner hole sealing polytetrafluoro gasket 18, the outer gasket mica sheet 19 and the nut 20 in sequence. A hand-cranked power supply or a DC power supply is provided in the vehicle, providing a low voltage of 24V. The power supply is connected to both ends of the screw 21 to start the triggering mechanism, thereby causing the oxygen-producing core 7 to produce oxygen.

[0032] The ignition head in the ignition head element 13 is coated with a sensitive agent. One end of the two connecting wires 15 is connected to a wire of the ignition head respectively, passes through the through-hole porcelain tube 14, and the other end is fixed on the screw rod 21 in a winding manner.

[0033] The oxygen-generating core 7 is composed of three separate medicine blocks, and the shapes of the first oxygen-generating core 7.1, the terminal oxygen-generating core 7.3 and the middle oxygen-generating core 7.2 are different. The oxygen-generating core is composed of sodium chlorate as an oxygen-generating source, iron powder as a fuel, cobalt oxide as a catalyst and magnesium oxide as an additive. The composition of the first oxygen-generating core 7.1 is: 93.6% sodium chlorate content (the following contents are all mass fractions), 4% iron powder content, 1.4% cobalt oxide content and 1% magnesium oxide; the composition of the middle oxygen-generating core 7.2 is: 95.5% sodium chlorate content, 3% iron powder content, 0.5% cobalt oxide content and 1% magnesium oxide; the composition of the terminal oxygen-generating core 7.3 is: 97.8% sodium chlorate content, 1% iron powder content, 0.2% cobalt oxide content and 1% magnesium oxide.

[0034] Both ends of the first oxygen-generating core 7.1 are grooves, one end is used to place the ignition charge column 3 and the delay charge 5, and the other end is connected with the convex groove of the next oxygen-generating core 7.2. One end of the middle oxygen-generating core 7.2 is provided with a convex groove, and the other end is provided with a groove. One end of the terminal oxygen-generating core 7.3 is provided with a convex groove, and the other end is a plane. The oxygen-generating core 7 is mainly composed of sodium chlorate.

[0035] The housing 8 is a cylinder, and the material of the housing is stainless steel.

[0036] The purification material 11 consists of soda lime particles 11.1 and chemical filter particles 11.2.

[0037] The heat insulating material 6 is one or more of ceramic fiber, glass fiber, aerogel felt, high silica needle felt. The gas outlet 12 is composed of a lower end cover 12.1 and a gas outlet 12.2. The lower end cover 12.1 and the gas outlet 12.2 are fixed by welding. The upper end cover 1.2 of the firing mechanism assembly 1 and the lower end cover 12.1 of the gas outlet 12 are sealed and fixed at both ends of the housing 8 by welding.

[0038] The assembly of the chemical oxygen generator consists of the following steps:

[0039] S1: The firing mechanism assembly 1 passes through the zirconium-containing blanket 2 and the brass shell 4 in sequence.

[0040] S2: Install the oxygen-generating cores 7 with grooves and protrusions in the order of the first oxygen-generating core 7.1, the remaining oxygen-generating cores 7.2, and the terminal oxygen-generating core 7.3, and place the delay medicine 5 in the groove of the first oxygen-generating core 7.1;

[0041] S3: placing the ignition head element 13 of the firing structure assembly 1 assembled according to step S1 into the delay charge 5, encapsulating the ignition head element 13 with the ignition charge column 3, and filling the groove of the oxygen-generating charge core 7.1 at the first end;

[0042] S4: Cover the brass shell 4 in step S1 on the oxygen-generating core 7.1 at the head end, and set 6 grooves evenly around the brass shell 4 to facilitate fixing the oxygen-generating core;

[0043] S5: Two copper wires 22 are used to fix the oxygen-producing core 7. The two copper wires 22 axially pass through the two sides of the oxygen-producing core 7 and bypass the brass shell 4 in step S1. The two ends of the copper wires 22 meet at the bottom of the terminal oxygen-producing core 7.3, presenting a cross shape, and the two sides of the copper wires 22 are bent at a certain angle to tighten the copper wires. The presence of the copper wires 22 provides a metal heat transfer medium, which is beneficial to the heat transfer of the oxygen-producing core 7; the gap between the copper wires 22 and the insulation material 6 forms a channel for oxygen gas, which promotes the progress of the oxygen production process. The interior of the split oxygen-producing core 7 is tightly matched with the concave and convex grooves, and the external structure is that the copper wires 22 bind and fix the brass shell 4 and the oxygen-producing core 7, and complete a certain angle for tight matching, thereby achieving the fixation of the oxygen-producing core 7.

[0044] S6: Wrap multiple layers of heat-insulating material 6 around the oxygen-generating core 7, the number of layers is 4-5 layers, to fit the shell 8, and the width of the heat-insulating material 6 is not less than the sum of the lengths of the zirconium blanket 2, the brass shell 4 and the oxygen-generating core 7;

[0045] S7: Invert the assembled oxygen-generating core 7 and shell 8 on a tool with a groove;

[0046] S8: placing metal perforated plate mesh 9, soda lime particles 11.1, particle sandwich material 10, chemical filtration particles 11.2, particle sandwich material 10 and metal perforated plate mesh 9 in sequence at the bottom of the oxygen-generating core 7;

[0047] S9: placing the gas outlet end 12 on the shell 8, welding the upper end cover 1.2 and the shell 8, and the lower end cover 12.1 and the shell 8, to complete the assembly of the chemical oxygen generator.

[0048] Using this assembly method, 53 chemical oxygen generators were assembled. All of them were started with a 24V low-voltage power supply. All the chemical oxygen generators started normally, and the startup was safe and reliable. No pyrotechnics or expensive raw materials were used, so the cost was low. The copper shell and the oxygen-producing core were tied together with metal wire, so the structure was simple and the assembly operation was convenient.

[0049] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chemical oxygen generator, characterized in that: It includes a firing mechanism assembly, a zirconium-containing blanket, an oxygen-generating core assembly, a shell, a purification material assembly, a heat-insulating material, and an air outlet; The firing mechanism assembly and the air outlet end are sealed and fixed to the upper and lower ends of the shell respectively, the oxygen-producing core is fixed inside the shell by means of a heat-insulating material and a zirconium-containing blanket, and a purification material assembly is arranged in a cavity between the bottom of the oxygen-producing core and the air outlet end; the firing mechanism of the firing mechanism assembly contacts the oxygen-producing core assembly after passing through the zirconium-containing blanket, the firing mechanism is started by a low voltage to cause the oxygen-producing core to produce oxygen, the purification material assembly absorbs impurities in the oxygen-producing gas produced by the oxygen-producing core and provides an airway, and the air outlet end is used to limit the axial movement of the oxygen-producing core assembly, the heat-insulating material and the purification material assembly inside the shell and provide an air outlet channel for the purified oxygen.

2. The chemical oxygen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The firing mechanism assembly comprises an upper end cover and a firing mechanism, and the firing mechanism comprises an ignition head, a porcelain tube, a wire, a bolt, an inner gasket, an inner hole sealing gasket, an outer gasket and a nut; Two through holes are processed on the upper end cover, and the diameter of the through holes is consistent with the outer diameter of the inner hole sealing gasket. The inner hole sealing gasket is placed horizontally in the through hole, with the direction of the oxygen-producing core as the inner side, and the inner gasket and the outer gasket are placed on the inner and outer sides of the upper end cover respectively. The head of the bolt is located on the inner side of the upper end cover, and the screw rod passes through the inner gasket, the inner hole sealing gasket, and the outer gasket in sequence and is locked by a nut; one end of the two wires is fixed to the heads of the two bolts respectively, and the other ends of the two wires are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the ignition head installed in the porcelain tube; the upper end cover is sealed and welded to the upper end of the shell.

3. The chemical oxygen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen-generating core assembly comprises a first-end oxygen-generating core, a terminal oxygen-generating core, an intermediate oxygen-generating core, a delay charge, an ignition charge column and a metal cover. The first-end oxygen-generating core, the intermediate oxygen-generating core and the terminal oxygen-generating core have the same outer diameters but different shapes at both ends. Both ends of the first-end oxygen-generating core are grooves, one end is used to place the delay charge and the ignition charge column, and the other end is matched and connected with the convex groove of the next oxygen-generating core, and the ignition head element of the firing mechanism is in contact with the ignition charge column. A convex groove is arranged at one end of the middle oxygen-generating core, and a concave groove is arranged at the other end; One end of the terminal oxygen-generating core is set as a convex groove, and the other end is a plane. The first end oxygen-generating core, the middle oxygen-generating core and the terminal oxygen-generating core are sequentially matched and connected to form a complete oxygen-generating core, and the metal cover is sleeved on the outside of the first end oxygen-generating core.

4. The chemical oxygen generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The metal cover is fixed on the oxygen-producing core at the head end by two metal wires. The metal wires pass axially through both sides of the oxygen-producing core and bypass the top of the metal shell. The two ends of the metal wires meet at the bottom of the oxygen-producing core at the end. The two metal wires are in a cross shape, and both sides of the metal wires are bent at a certain angle to tighten the metal wires.

5. The chemical oxygen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purification material assembly includes a metal perforated plate mesh, a particle sandwich material and a purification material. The metal perforated plate mesh and the particle sandwich material confine the purification material to the space below the oxygen-producing core assembly inside the shell. The metal perforated plate mesh is used to provide an air path, and the purification material is used to absorb moisture and gas impurities. The particle sandwich material is made of the same material as the insulation material, and plays an isolation role and prevents particles from falling.

6. The chemical oxygen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is cylindrical in shape and made of stainless steel or tinplate; the metal cover is made of brass.

7. The chemical oxygen generator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas outlet end comprises a lower end cover and a gas outlet. The lower end cover is sealed and welded to the lower end of the shell, and the gas outlet is welded on the lower end cover.

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