Shield segment connecting bolt anti-loose and anti-disengagement structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to an anti-loosening and anti-falling structure for a shield segment connecting bolt, which ensures that the segment connecting bolt cannot loosen or even fall off from the structural angle and ensures the operation safety of a tunnel. Comprising a pipe piece connecting bolt which penetrates through a pipe piece connecting hole to connect two adjacent shield pipe pieces into a whole, a main body of the pipe piece connecting bolt comprises a nut, a stud straight section and a stud threaded section, the pipe piece connecting bolt further comprises a limiting stopper which is embedded and fixed in the shield pipe piece at the pipe piece inlet end of the connecting hole, and the limiting stopper is axially communicated with the pipe piece connecting hole. An annular boss protruding outwards in the radial direction is arranged at the position, close to the nut, of the straight section of the stud, an annular limiting sill is arranged at the far end of the annular boss, an annular groove is formed between the rear end of the limiting sill and the nut, and ratchets are arranged in the annular groove in the circumferential direction at equal intervals. Elastic pieces are arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the front end of the limiting stopper at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the front end of each elastic piece acts on the bottom face of the annular groove or the slope face of the ratchet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a shield tunnel engineering, in particular to a shield segment connecting bolt anti-loosening and anti-falling structure. Background Art

[0002] Shield tunnel lining is generally assembled with prefabricated segments, which are usually connected with high-strength bolts. As the demand for tunnel diameter increases, more and more projects have adopted the oblique bolt connection scheme. Oblique bolts are easy to install, but if they are improperly assembled or the tunnel vibrates during long-term operation, there is a risk that the bolts will loosen or even fall off, posing a major safety hazard.

[0003] Such safety issues are receiving more and more attention in railway engineering construction. The current main technical solution is to monitor the status of bolts during operation. This solution is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and is affected by the sense of responsibility of maintenance personnel. It is difficult to fundamentally ensure that the bolts do not loosen and fall off.

[0004] Another solution is to use a bolt anti-loosening design, but the stud and nut in the inclined bolt need to be formed in one piece, and the common double-nut anti-loosening solution is obviously not suitable for inclined bolts. A more feasible solution is to use specially designed anti-loosening screw teeth and threads or add anti-loosening glue on the screw teeth and threads. This solution can reduce the risk of bolt loosening to a certain extent, but its insurance factor is not high under the conditions of long-term and high-frequency vibration.

[0005] Therefore, from a structural perspective, it is very necessary to develop a new type of bolt that can completely eliminate the risk of loosening or even falling, in order to ensure the operational safety of railways, especially high-speed railways. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a shield segment connecting bolt anti-loosening and anti-falling structure, so as to ensure that the segment connecting bolts cannot loosen or even fall off from a structural perspective, thereby ensuring the safety of tunnel operation.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is as follows:

[0008] The utility model discloses a shield segment connecting bolt anti-loosening and anti-dropping structure, comprising a segment connecting bolt which passes through a segment connecting hole to connect two adjacent shield segments into one, wherein the main body of the segment connecting bolt comprises a nut, a stud straight section and a stud threaded section, and is characterized in that: it also comprises a limiter which is pre-buried and fixed in the shield segment at the segment entrance end of the connecting hole, and the limiter is axially connected with the segment connecting hole; the stud straight section has a radially outwardly protruding annular boss adjacent to the nut, the distal end of the annular boss is an annular limiting sill, an annular groove is formed between the rear end of the limiting sill and the nut, and ratchet teeth are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction in the annular groove; elastic sheets are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the inner circumferential wall of the front end of the limiter, and the front end of each elastic sheet acts on the bottom surface of the annular groove or the ratchet slope surface.

[0009] The beneficial effect of the utility model is that, through structural measures, it is ensured that the bolt cannot loosen or fall off. The limiter made of materials that meet the durability requirements can fundamentally solve the problem of loosening and falling off of the bolt. Compared with the solution of preventing loosening of screw threads or threads or adding anti-loosening glue on the screw threads and threads, the construction of the utility model is simple and convenient, and the anti-loosening effect is more reliable. The hidden danger of bolt loosening is fundamentally eliminated, and the safe operation of railways, especially high-speed railway tunnels, can be guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] This specification includes the following seven drawings:

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation status of the segment connection bolts and the stopper in the anti-loosening and anti-falling structure of the shield segment connection bolts of the utility model;

[0012] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of the part in the middle;

[0013] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the segment connection bolts in the anti-loosening and anti-falling structure of the shield segment connection bolts of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 4 is along Figure 3 Sectional view along the midline BB;

[0015] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The enlarged view of the part C in the middle;

[0016] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the relaxation state of the elastic sheet during the tightening of the segment connection bolts;

[0017] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the compression state of the elastic sheet during the tightening of the segment connection bolts.

[0018] The figure shows the components and corresponding marks: nut 10, stud straight section 11, stud threaded section 12, annular boss 20, annular groove 21, ratchet 22, front side cutting slope 22a, rear side cutting slope 22b, annular limit sill 23, limiter 30, elastic sheet 31, anchor 32, bolt sleeve 40, shield segment 50. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The utility model of the shield segment connection bolt anti-loosening and anti-dropping structure includes a segment connection bolt that passes through the segment connection hole to connect two adjacent shield segments 50 into one. The main body of the segment connection bolt includes a nut 10, a stud straight section 11 and a stud threaded section 12. It also includes a stopper 30 pre-buried and fixed in the shield segment 50 at the segment entrance end of the connection hole, and the stopper 30 is axially connected to the segment connection hole. Figures 2 to 4 The straight section 11 of the stud has a radially outwardly protruding annular boss 20 near the nut 10. The distal end of the annular boss 20 is an annular limit sill 23. An annular groove 21 is formed between the rear end of the limit sill 23 and the nut 10. Ratchet teeth 22 are arranged in the annular groove 21 at intervals along the circumferential direction. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The inner peripheral wall of the front end of the stopper 30 is provided with elastic sheets 31 at intervals along the circumferential direction. Figure 5 The front end of each elastic piece 31 acts on the bottom surface of the annular groove 21 or the slope surface of the ratchet tooth 22 .

[0021] The number of the elastic sheets 31 and the ratchet teeth 22 is the same, and the elastic sheets 31 and the ratchet teeth 22 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. Alternatively, the number of the elastic sheets 31 is greater than the number of the ratchet teeth 22, and the ratchet teeth 22 are arranged at non-equidistant intervals along the circumferential direction, so as to ensure that when the segment connection bolts are screwed into place, the front ends of a certain number of elastic sheets 31 act on the bottom surface of the annular groove 21, thereby improving the reliability of the anti-loosening and anti-slipping structure.

[0022] Reference Figure 2 The outer contour of the annular limit sill 23 is a truncated cone, and its conical surface faces the insertion direction of the segment connection bolts. Figure 1 and Figure 2 When the segment connection bolts are screwed in until the annular boss 20 enters the limiter 30, each elastic sheet 31 first contacts the conical surface of the limit threshold 23 and generates friction. At this time, the elastic sheet 31 is in a compressed state; as the segment connection bolts continue to be screwed in, after the elastic sheet 31 passes the limit threshold 23, the elastic sheet 31 will contact the ratchet 22 multiple times, alternating between a compressed state and a relaxed state; after the segment connection bolts are screwed in, the elastic sheet 31 will be in a relaxed state, and its front end acts on the bottom surface of the annular groove 21.

[0023] The elastic sheet 31 has appropriate elastic deformation capability and should maintain resilience during the entire process of tightening the segment connection bolts. It is generally made of metal and fixed on the inner circumferential wall of the limiter 30 .

[0024] Reference Figure 5 The ratchet 22 has a slowly rising front cutting slope 22a and a steeply falling rear cutting slope 22b, and the slope of the front cutting slope 22a faces the tightening direction of the segment connection bolts. Figure 1 and Figure 2, the width of the elastic sheet 31 is slightly smaller than the width of the annular groove 21. Figure 1 and Figure 6 The main body of the stopper 30 is in a cylindrical shape, and its inner end is connected to the front end of the bolt sleeve 40 embedded in the segment connection hole. Anchors 32 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the stopper 30, that is, the stopper 30 is fixed and embedded in the concrete of the shield segment 50 through the anchors 32, and the stopper 30 has a suitable anti-torsion ability.

[0025] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 Under the influence of long-term tunnel operation vibration, if the segment connection bolts become loose and then reverse, the elastic sheet 31 will slide in the annular groove 21 of the annular boss 20 until it reaches the intersection of the rear cut slope 22b of the ratchet 22 and the annular groove 21. At this time, the stopper 30 embedded in the concrete of the shield segment 50 provides a reaction force, and the segment connection bolts cannot continue to rotate, so the loosening problem will no longer occur. Figure 2 Due to the existence of the limiting threshold 23, even if the connection of the stud threaded section 12 fails and the segment connecting bolts fall outward, the inner end surface of the limiting threshold 23 will contact the elastic sheet 31 and stop moving, so the segment connecting bolts cannot fall.

[0026] The above description is only to illustrate some principles of the anti-loosening and anti-slipping structure of the shield segment connecting bolts of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model to the specific structure and applicable scope shown and described. Therefore, all corresponding modifications and equivalents that may be used are within the scope of the patent applied for by the utility model.

Claims

1. A shield segment connection bolt anti-loosening and anti-falling structure, comprising a segment connection bolt that passes through a segment connection hole to connect two adjacent shield segments (50) into one, wherein the main body of the segment connection bolt comprises a nut (10), a stud straight section (11) and a stud threaded section (12), and is characterized in that: The invention also comprises a stopper (30) embedded and fixed in the shield segment (50) at the segment inlet end of the connection hole, the stopper (30) being axially connected to the segment connection hole; the straight section (11) of the stud has a radially outwardly protruding annular boss (20) adjacent to the nut (10); the distal end of the annular boss (20) is an annular stop threshold (23); an annular groove (21) is formed between the rear end of the stop threshold (23) and the nut (10); ratchet teeth (22) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction in the annular groove (21); elastic sheets (31) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the inner circumferential wall of the front end of the stopper (30); the front end of each elastic sheet (31) acts on the bottom surface of the annular groove (21) or the slope surface of the ratchet teeth (22).

2. The anti-loosening and anti-falling structure of shield segment connection bolts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The elastic sheets (31) and ratchet teeth (22) are provided in the same number, and the elastic sheets (31) and ratchet teeth (22) are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

3. The anti-loosening and anti-falling structure of shield segment connection bolts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number of the elastic sheets (31) is greater than the number of the ratchet teeth (22), and the ratchet teeth (22) are arranged at non-equidistant intervals along the circumferential direction.

4. The anti-loosening and anti-falling structure of shield segment connection bolts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer contour of the annular limiting threshold (23) is a truncated cone, and the conical surface faces the insertion direction of the segment connection bolts.

5. The anti-loosening and anti-falling structure of shield segment connection bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratchet (22) has a gently rising front cutting slope (22a) and a steeply falling rear cutting slope (22b), wherein the slope surface of the front cutting slope (22a) faces the tightening direction of the segment connection bolts.

6. The anti-loosening and anti-falling structure of shield segment connection bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the elastic sheet (31) is slightly smaller than the width of the annular groove (21).

7. The shield segment connection bolt anti-loosening and anti-falling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the stopper (30) is in the shape of a cylinder, and the inner end thereof is connected in a straight line with the front end of a bolt sleeve (40) pre-buried in the pipe segment connection hole.

8. The shield segment connection bolt anti-loosening and anti-falling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Anchor pieces (32) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral wall of the stopper (30).

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