Pressure relief components, battery modules, battery packs and electrical devices

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of battery technology, and discloses a pressure relief component, a battery module, a battery pack, and an electrical device. The pressure relief component includes a cooling plate and an isolation component. The cooling plate is used to cool the battery cell, and a pressure relief inlet is provided on the cooling plate. The isolation component is connected to the cooling plate and defines a pressure relief cavity. A pressure relief outlet is provided on the isolation component, and the pressure relief inlet is connected to the pressure relief outlet through the pressure relief cavity. When the battery cell has thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas, battery cell pole piece, electrolyte and other ejected materials ejected from the battery cell through the pressure relief structure enter the pressure relief cavity through the pressure relief inlet on the cooling plate, and the ejected materials in the pressure relief cavity are then discharged to the outside of the battery module through the pressure relief outlet, preventing the battery cell in thermal runaway from ejecting the thermal runaway ejected materials onto the adjacent battery cell in the battery module, and the cooling plate can cool down the ejected materials of the thermal runaway battery cell, preventing continuous thermal runaway and short circuit faults, and improving the safety and reliability of the battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a pressure relief component, a battery module, a battery pack and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] A battery pack usually includes a case and a battery module arranged in the case. The battery module includes multiple battery cells. Thermal runaway may occur in the battery cells due to excessively high temperature during the charging and discharging process. In the prior art, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cells, the high temperature generated by the discharged high-temperature gas, battery cell electrodes, electrolyte and other substances will spread to the adjacent battery cells in the battery module, which will have an adverse effect on the battery cells in the module, causing the internal temperature of the battery pack to be too high, which may cause continuous thermal runaway and short circuit and other faults.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a pressure relief assembly, a battery module, a battery pack and an electrical device to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a pressure relief component, a battery module, a battery pack and an electrical device, which can cool down the thermal runaway ejecta of the battery cell, prevent the high temperature generated by the thermal runaway ejecta from spreading to adjacent battery cells, avoid continuous thermal runaway and short circuit faults, and improve safety and reliability.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a pressure relief assembly is provided, comprising:

[0007] A cooling plate, used for cooling the battery cell, wherein the cooling plate is provided with a pressure relief inlet;

[0008] An isolation component is connected to the cooling plate and defines a pressure relief cavity. A pressure relief outlet is provided on the isolation component. The pressure relief inlet is connected to the pressure relief outlet through the pressure relief cavity.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the pressure relief assembly provided by the utility model, the isolation assembly includes:

[0010] The heat insulation plate is used to insulate the pressure relief chamber from the outside. The heat insulation plate and the cooling plate are spaced apart, and the pressure relief chamber is formed between the heat insulation plate and the cooling plate.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the pressure relief assembly provided by the utility model, a support member is provided on the heat insulation plate and / or the cooling plate, and the support member is supported between the heat insulation plate and the cooling plate.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the pressure relief assembly provided by the utility model, it also includes:

[0013] A sealing member is sealingly connected between the cooling plate and the heat insulating plate. The cooling plate, the heat insulating plate and the sealing member surround and form the pressure relief cavity. The pressure relief outlet is arranged on the heat insulating plate or the sealing member.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the pressure relief assembly provided by the utility model, the cooling plate and the sealing member, and / or the heat insulation plate and the sealing member are connected by bonding or welding.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the pressure relief assembly provided by the utility model, the pressure relief outlet is located at the lowest point of the pressure relief chamber; and the pressure relief inlet is higher than the pressure relief outlet.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the pressure relief assembly provided by the utility model, a flow channel protrusion is convexly provided on one side of the cooling plate facing the isolation assembly.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the pressure relief assembly provided by the utility model, the cooling plate includes a flat plate and a flow channel plate that are interlocked, the flow channel plate is located between the flat plate and the isolation assembly, the flow channel protrusion is protruded on the side of the flow channel plate facing away from the flat plate, and the flow channel protrusion forms a flow channel groove on the side facing the flat plate.

[0018] In a second aspect, a battery module is provided, comprising at least one battery cell and the pressure relief assembly as described above, wherein a pressure relief structure is provided on the battery cell, and the pressure relief structure is connected to the pressure relief inlet.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the battery module provided by the utility model, a plurality of battery cells are provided, and the pressure relief structures of the plurality of battery cells are arranged in opposite directions along the X direction. At least two pressure relief components are provided, and at least two pressure relief components are arranged on both sides of the plurality of battery cells along the X direction.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the battery module provided by the utility model, the battery module further comprises an elastic tube, the elastic tube connects the cooling plates of the two pressure relief assemblies, and the elastic tube can be deformed to match the installation tolerance of the pressure relief assemblies.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the battery module provided by the utility model, a plurality of battery cells are arranged side by side to form a first battery cell unit, and a plurality of battery cells are arranged side by side to form a second battery cell unit. The pressure relief structure of the first battery cell unit and the pressure relief structure of the second battery cell unit are in opposite directions, and the first battery cell unit and the second battery cell unit are arranged alternately in plurality;

[0022] Both of the two pressure relief components have multiple pressure relief inlets; the multiple pressure relief inlets of one of the pressure relief components are directly opposite to the multiple first battery core units, and the multiple pressure relief inlets of the other pressure relief component are directly opposite to the multiple second battery core units.

[0023] As a preferred solution of the battery pack provided by the utility model, the X direction is arranged at an angle α with the bottom plate of the box body, and the value range of α is 0 to 15°.

[0024] As a preferred solution of the battery module provided by the utility model, the battery core is a cylindrical battery core, and the two pressure relief components are respectively located at two ends of the cylindrical battery core along the axial direction.

[0025] As a preferred solution of the battery module provided by the utility model, the battery module further includes a collection component, and the collection component includes a bracket and a busbar;

[0026] The busbar is installed on the bracket, and a contoured portion adapted to the battery core is provided on the bracket. The battery core matches the contoured portion, and the busbar is electrically connected to the battery core.

[0027] In a third aspect, a battery pack is provided, comprising a box body and at least one battery module as described above, wherein the battery module is arranged in the box body; a whole-pack pressure relief valve is arranged on the box body, and the whole-pack pressure relief valve is connected to the pressure relief outlet.

[0028] In a fourth aspect, an electrical device is provided, comprising an electrical component and a battery pack as described above, wherein the battery pack is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical component.

[0029] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0030] The utility model provides a pressure relief component and a battery module including the pressure relief component. In the pressure relief component, the cooling plate not only plays the role of thermal management of the battery cell, but also is jointly arranged with the isolation component to form a pressure relief chamber. When the battery cell has thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas, battery cell pole piece, electrolyte and other ejected substances ejected from the battery cell through the pressure relief structure enter the pressure relief chamber through the pressure relief inlet on the cooling plate. The ejected substances in the pressure relief chamber are then discharged to the outside of the battery module through the pressure relief outlet, so that the battery cell with thermal runaway is prevented from ejecting the thermal runaway ejected substances onto the adjacent battery cells in the battery module. Moreover, the pressure relief channel of the battery module is formed by the cooling plate, so that the ejected substances of the thermal runaway battery cell can be cooled, so as to reduce the temperature of the ejected substances ejected from the battery pack during thermal runaway, prevent the high temperature generated by the thermal runaway ejected substances from spreading to the surroundings, avoid the occurrence of continuous thermal runaway and short circuit faults, and improve the safety and reliability of the battery module. The utility model also provides a battery pack, in which a whole-pack pressure relief valve arranged on a box body is connected to a pressure relief outlet of a pressure relief assembly in the box body, and the ejecta of the thermal runaway battery cell enters the pressure relief chamber through the pressure relief inlet, is discharged to the position of the whole-pack pressure relief valve through the pressure relief outlet, and is further discharged to the outside of the battery pack through the whole-pack pressure relief valve, thereby preventing the thermal runaway battery cell from spraying ejecta onto other battery cells, other battery modules and other components in the pack, and, through contact with the cooling plate, the temperature of the thermal runaway ejecta can be reduced, thereby preventing continuous thermal runaway and short circuit faults, and greatly improving the thermal safety performance of the battery pack.

[0031] The power-consuming device provided by the utility model can avoid dangerous accidents caused by thermal runaway of the battery pack and has higher safety in use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a battery module provided by a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 It is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery module provided by a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a first view of two pressure relief components of a battery module provided by a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 4 It is an exploded schematic diagram of a pressure relief assembly provided in a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a second view of two pressure relief components of a battery module provided by a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a first view of a battery cell provided in a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a second view of the battery cell provided in the specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0040] Figure 8 It is an exploded schematic diagram of a cooling plate provided in a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the flow of refrigerant in a cooling plate in one of the pressure relief components provided in a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0042] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the flow of refrigerant in a cooling plate in another pressure relief assembly provided in a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0043] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of a battery cell module and two collection components provided in a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0044] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of a battery cell module provided in a specific embodiment of the utility model.

[0045] In the figure:

[0046] 100, pressure relief component; 200, battery cell module; 300, first connecting pipe; 400, second connecting pipe; 500, collection component;

[0047] 110, cooling plate; 120, isolation assembly; 130, pressure relief chamber; 140, support member; 150, first pipe joint; 160, second pipe joint; 170, third pipe joint; 180, fourth pipe joint;

[0048] 111, refrigerant flow channel; 112, pressure relief inlet; 113, flat plate; 114, flow channel plate; 1140, flow channel protrusion; 1141, flow channel groove; 115, refrigerant inlet; 116, refrigerant outlet;

[0049] 121. heat insulation board; 122. sealing element; 1220. pressure relief outlet;

[0050] 210, battery cell; 211, pressure relief structure; 212, first end surface; 213, second end surface; 214, pole;

[0051] 510, bracket; 520, bus bar; 530, collection harness;

[0052] 511. Copying Department. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those generally understood by technicians in the technical field of the present invention; the terms used in the specification of the present invention in the application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary and secondary relationship.

[0055] The reference to "embodiment" in the present invention means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", and "attachment" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0057] The term "and / or" in the present invention is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present invention generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0058] In the embodiments of the present invention, the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the integrated device are only exemplary and should not constitute any limitation on the present invention.

[0059] The term "plurality" used in the present invention refers to more than two (including two).

[0060] The battery cells mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention may include lithium ion secondary battery cells, lithium ion primary battery cells, lithium sulfur battery cells, sodium ion battery cells or magnesium ion battery cells, etc., and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The battery cells may be flat, rectangular, cylindrical or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0061] The battery module and battery pack mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention refer to a single physical module including multiple battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For a battery pack, it generally includes a box for encapsulating one or more battery cells, and the box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.

[0062] The present invention provides an electric device, which includes a battery pack and electric components. The battery pack can be used as a power supply system of the electric device to provide electric energy to the electric components to achieve corresponding functions. The electric device can be, but is not limited to, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, etc.

[0063] The battery pack described in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned electrical devices, but can also be applied to all other electrical devices using batteries. However, for the sake of simplicity, the following embodiments are described using an electrical device such as a vehicle as an example.

[0064] The vehicle can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery pack is arranged inside the vehicle, and the battery pack can be arranged at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle. The battery pack can be used to power the vehicle, for example, the battery pack can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle. The vehicle can also include a controller and a motor, and the controller is used to control the battery pack to power the motor, for example, for the starting, navigation and working power requirements of the vehicle during driving.

[0065] The embodiment of the utility model provides a battery pack, which is applied to the above-mentioned vehicle and other electrical devices, and the cost of using the electrical devices is lower and the production efficiency is higher. The battery pack includes a box body and at least one battery module, and the battery module is arranged inside the box body. The box body is used to provide a storage space for the battery module. For example, the box body may include a first shell and a second shell that are interlocked, and the first shell and the second shell may be connected by bolts or welding.

[0066] The battery pack is provided with a whole-pack pressure relief valve on the box body. When the battery cell thermally runs away, the ejected material in the battery cell can be ejected through the whole-pack pressure relief valve, which is highly safe.

[0067] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a battery module, including a battery cell 210 and a pressure relief assembly 100, wherein the battery cell 210 is provided with at least one pressure relief assembly 100. The pressure relief assembly 100 is used to provide a pressure relief channel for the ejected material ejected when the battery cell 210 is in thermal runaway, and to lead the high-temperature ejected material to the outside of the battery pack.

[0068] Exemplarily, a plurality of battery cells 210 are arranged to form a battery cell module 200 .

[0069] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure relief assembly 100 provided in this embodiment. The pressure relief assembly 100 includes a cooling plate 110 and an isolation assembly 120.

[0070] The cooling plate 110 is in direct or indirect contact with the battery cell 210 for cooling the battery cell 210, and the isolation assembly 120 is located on the side of the cooling plate 110 facing away from the battery cell 210. The cooling plate 110 can cool the battery cell 210 by liquid cooling, air cooling or direct cooling. For example, the cooling plate 110 is provided with a refrigerant flow channel 111. The refrigerant flow channel 111 is used to circulate the refrigerant medium to cool the battery cell 210. The refrigerant medium can be a liquid such as water, a saline solution or liquid nitrogen, or a gas such as cold air or ammonia, as long as it can flow in the refrigerant flow channel 111 to cool the battery cell 210.

[0071] The cooling plate 110 is provided with a pressure relief inlet 112, and the high-temperature material ejected when the battery cell 210 is in thermal runaway can enter the pressure relief inlet 112. The isolation assembly 120 is connected to the cooling plate 110 and defines a pressure relief cavity 130. The isolation assembly 120 is provided with a pressure relief outlet 1220, and the pressure relief inlet 112 is connected to the pressure relief outlet 1220 through the pressure relief cavity 130. The isolation assembly 120 serves to isolate the high-temperature ejected material and prevent the ejected material from splashing onto other components in the battery pack.

[0072] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cylindrical battery cell 210, on which a pressure relief structure 211 is provided, and the pressure relief structure 211 is directly opposite to and connected with the pressure relief inlet 112 on the cooling plate 110. Specifically, the battery cell 210 has a first end face 212 and a second end face 213 that are arranged opposite to each other, a pole 214 is arranged at the position of the first end face 212, and the pressure relief structure 211 is also located at the position of the first end face 212. The cylindrical side surface of the battery cell 210 is located between the first end face 212 and the second end face 213. The above-mentioned first end face 212 and second end face 213 are also generally referred to as the top surface and bottom surface of the battery cell 210.

[0073] In other embodiments, the battery cell 210 may be a square battery cell 210 or a battery cell 210 of other shapes, as long as the pressure relief structure 211 on the battery cell 210 is directly opposite to and connected to the pressure relief inlet 112 on the cooling plate 110 .

[0074] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the isolation assembly 120 covers the cooling plate 110 to define the above-mentioned pressure relief chamber 130 . In the pressure relief assembly 100, the cooling plate 110 not only plays the role of thermal management of the battery cell 210, but also forms a pressure relief chamber 130 together with the isolation assembly 120. When the battery cell 210 has thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas, battery cell pole piece, electrolyte and other ejected substances ejected from the battery cell 210 through the pressure relief structure 211 enter the pressure relief chamber 130 through the pressure relief inlet 112 on the cooling plate 110, and the ejected substances in the pressure relief chamber 130 are then discharged to the outside of the battery module through the pressure relief outlet 1220, so as to prevent the battery cell 210 in thermal runaway from ejecting the thermal runaway ejected substances onto the adjacent battery cell 210 in the battery module. Moreover, the pressure relief channel of the battery module is formed with the help of the cooling plate 110, so as to cool the ejected substances of the battery cell in thermal runaway, thereby reducing the temperature of the ejected substances ejected from the battery pack in thermal runaway, preventing the high temperature generated by the thermal runaway ejected substances from spreading to the surroundings, avoiding the occurrence of continuous thermal runaway and short circuit faults, and improving the safety and reliability of the battery module.

[0075] In other embodiments, the isolation component 120 may also be disposed inside the cooling plate 110. In this case, the isolation component 120 itself encloses the above-mentioned pressure relief chamber 130 inside the cooling plate 110. In this solution, the isolation component 120 has a certain thermal conductivity. When the thermal runaway ejection enters the pressure relief chamber 130 enclosed by the isolation component 120, the isolation component 120 conducts the high temperature generated by the thermal runaway ejection to the cooling plate 110 connected to the isolation component 120, and the cooling plate 110 can also be used to cool down the thermal runaway ejection.

[0076] In the battery pack provided in this embodiment, the whole pack pressure relief valve provided on the box body is connected to the pressure relief outlet 1220 of the pressure relief assembly 100 in the box body, and the ejection of the thermal runaway battery cell 210 enters the pressure relief chamber 130 through the pressure relief inlet 112, and is discharged to the position of the whole pack pressure relief valve through the pressure relief outlet 1220, and then is discharged to the outside of the battery pack through the whole pack pressure relief valve, which can prevent the thermal runaway battery cell 210 from spraying ejection onto other battery cells 210, other battery modules and other components in the pack, and the contact with the cooling plate 110 can reduce the temperature of the thermal runaway ejection, prevent continuous thermal runaway and short circuit and other faults, and greatly improve the thermal safety performance of the battery pack. The electrical device equipped with the above-mentioned battery pack can avoid dangerous accidents caused by thermal runaway of the battery pack, and has higher safety in use.

[0077] In this embodiment, the pressure relief outlet 1220 is located at the lowest point of the pressure relief chamber 130 so that the high-temperature ejecta in the pressure relief chamber 130 can flow out through the pressure relief outlet 1220 under the action of its own gravity, thereby avoiding the high-temperature ejecta remaining in the pressure relief chamber 130 .

[0078] In other embodiments, the pressure relief outlet 1220 does not have to be disposed at the lowest point of the pressure relief chamber, and a corresponding flow channel may be disposed in the battery pack to guide the high-temperature spray discharged from the pressure relief outlet 1220 .

[0079] In this embodiment, the pressure relief inlet 112 is higher than the pressure relief outlet 1220 so that the high-temperature ejected material forms a flow trend from top to bottom, and can prevent the high-temperature ejected material in the pressure relief chamber 130 from flowing back to the pressure relief inlet 112 to avoid causing damage to the battery cell module 200.

[0080] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 The isolation assembly 120 includes a heat insulation plate 121 and a seal 122, wherein the heat insulation plate 121 is spaced apart from the cooling plate 110 to insulate the pressure relief chamber 130 from the outside, and the seal 122 is disposed on the heat insulation plate 121, and the seal 122 is sealed between the cooling plate 110 and the heat insulation plate 121, so that the cooling plate 110, the heat insulation plate 121 and the seal 122 surround and form the above-mentioned pressure relief chamber 130. This structure can ensure that a pressure relief chamber 130 with a certain thickness is formed, and the setting of the seal 122 can ensure that the circumferential sealing of the pressure relief chamber 130 is good, so that the high-temperature ejected matter can only be discharged through the pressure relief outlet 1220, and cannot leak through the gap between the heat insulation plate 121 and the seal 122, and the gap between the cooling plate 110 and the seal 122.

[0081] The heat insulation board 121 and the sealing member 122 may be an integrated structure or a split structure.

[0082] The pressure relief outlet 1220 is disposed on the heat insulation board 121 or the seal 122. When the battery module has only one pressure relief assembly 100, and the pressure relief assembly 100 is placed horizontally so that the heat insulation board 121 is located at the bottom of the entire battery module, the pressure relief outlet 1220 can be disposed on the heat insulation board 121 so that the high-temperature ejected matter is discharged through the pressure relief outlet 1220 at the bottom under the action of its own gravity. When the pressure relief assembly 100 is placed vertically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the pressure relief outlet 1220 may be disposed at the bottom of the seal 122 , so that the high-temperature ejecta is discharged through the pressure relief outlet 1220 at the bottom of the seal 122 under the action of its own gravity.

[0083] Of course, in other embodiments, the isolation assembly 120 may only include the heat insulation plate 121 without the seal 122 . In this case, the pressure relief chamber 130 mentioned above may be defined only by the heat insulation plate 121 and the cooling plate 110 .

[0084] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, a support member 140 is provided on the heat insulation plate 121 and / or the cooling plate 110, and the support member 140 is supported between the heat insulation plate 121 and the cooling plate 110, so that the heat insulation plate 121 and the cooling plate 110 are spaced apart from each other, thereby forming a pressure relief chamber 130 with a certain space. At the same time, the provision of the support member 140 can improve the strength of the entire pressure relief assembly 100, especially the compressive strength of the heat insulation plate 121 and the cooling plate 110, and prevent the cooling plate 110 and the heat insulation plate 121 from deformation.

[0085] Exemplarily, the support member 140 is a support column disposed on the heat insulation plate 121 or on the cooling plate 110, and the cross section of the support column can be circular, square or other shapes. A plurality of support members 140 can be provided, distributed in the middle and both ends of the cooling plate 110, to improve the uniformity of support.

[0086] In some embodiments, the material of the heat insulation plate 121 is metal, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, copper, copper alloy, etc., which has high strength and good heat insulation ability, can effectively block high-temperature spray, and block the high temperature in the pressure relief chamber 130 to prevent the temperature from spreading to other battery modules and electronic components in the package.

[0087] In some embodiments, the material of the heat insulation board 121 may also be plastic, such as a PBT plastic board, which has higher strength and better heat insulation capability.

[0088] In some embodiments, the material of the heat insulation board 121 may also be rubber, especially hard rubber, which has excellent heat insulation performance while ensuring strength.

[0089] Similarly, the material of the seal 122 may be metal, plastic or rubber. For example, the seal 122 is made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, copper, copper alloy, PBT or hard rubber, and has high strength and good heat insulation, which can prevent the seal from being broken by pressure during thermal runaway and improve safety.

[0090] In this embodiment, the seal 122 is a rubber ring, which can ensure the sealing of the insulation plate 121 and the cooling plate 110 after they are connected, and at the same time has a certain anti-vibration and anti-impact effect to prevent the connection between the insulation plate 121 and the cooling plate 110 from being disconnected.

[0091] The cooling plate 110 may be made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, copper, or copper alloy. The cooling plate 110 has high strength and good thermal conductivity, and can increase the cooling speed of the battery cell 210 .

[0092] For example, when the seal 122, the cooling plate 110, and the heat insulating plate 121 are all made of metal, the cooling plate 110 and the seal 122, and the heat insulating plate 121 and the seal 122 can be welded or bonded, such as by strong glue. When the seal 122 and / or the heat insulating plate 121 are made of plastic or rubber, the cooling plate 110 and the seal 122, and the heat insulating plate 121 and the seal 122 can be bonded, such as by strong glue.

[0093] In some embodiments, a heat insulation layer may be provided on both sides of the heat insulation board to further improve its heat insulation capability. The heat insulation layer is exemplarily a heat insulation layer made of silicate fiber material.

[0094] See also Figure 4 A flow channel protrusion 1140 is provided on one side of the cooling plate 110 facing the isolation assembly 120. The provision of the flow channel protrusion 1140 can expand the area of ​​the cooling plate 110, thereby increasing the contact area between the thermal runaway ejection and the cooling plate 110, and improving the heat dissipation effect of the thermal runaway ejection. Moreover, the flow channel protrusion 1140 can also improve the strength of the cooling plate 110. At the same time, the flow channel protrusion 1140 can also play a certain supporting role, preventing the heat insulation plate 121 from being greatly deformed toward the cooling plate 110.

[0095] The setting of the flow channel protrusion 1140 has a certain disturbing effect on the high-temperature jet in the pressure relief chamber, increases the flow ruggedness of the high-temperature jet, and prolongs the flow time in the pressure relief chamber 130, thereby increasing the contact time between the high-temperature jet and the cooling plate 110, which helps to improve the cooling effect of the high-temperature jet.

[0096] See also Figure 8In this embodiment, the cooling plate 110 includes a flat plate 113 and a flow channel plate 114 that are interlocked. The above-mentioned flow channel protrusion 1140 is set on the flow channel plate 114, and the flow channel protrusion 1140 forms a flow channel groove 1141 on the side facing the flat plate 113. The above-mentioned refrigerant flow channel 111 is formed between the groove wall of the flow channel groove 1141 and the flat plate 113. That is, the flow channel plate 114 is a concave-convex plate structure, for example, the flow channel protrusion 1140 is formed by a stamping process, and the back of the flow channel protrusion 1140 is the flow channel groove 1141. The flow channel plate 114 is located between the flat plate 113 and the isolation assembly 120, so that the flat plate 113 of the cooling plate 110 faces outward, and the flat plate 113 is in direct contact with the battery cell module 200 or indirectly through a heat-conducting medium, etc., to ensure that there is a large contact heat exchange area between the battery cell module 200 and improve the heat exchange effect. Moreover, the flat plate 113 fits well with the battery cell module 200 to avoid gaps, ensuring that the high-temperature substances ejected from the battery cell 210 through the pressure relief structure 211 can all enter the pressure relief chamber 130 through the pressure relief inlet 112 and will not leak through the gap between the cooling plate 110 and the battery cell module 200.

[0097] like Figure 4 , Fig. 9 as well as Fig.10 As shown, a refrigerant inlet 115 and a refrigerant outlet 116 are provided on the cooling plate 110. The refrigerant inlet 115 is connected to the refrigerant outlet 116 through the refrigerant flow channel 111. The refrigerant medium enters the refrigerant flow channel 111 through the refrigerant inlet 115 and then flows out through the refrigerant outlet 116, so that the refrigerant medium circulates in the refrigerant flow channel 111. The refrigerant inlet 115 and the refrigerant outlet 116 are both used to connect corresponding refrigerant pipelines. The refrigerant inlet 115 and the refrigerant outlet 116 are located at the same end of the cooling plate 110. Such an arrangement allows the refrigerant pipeline to be laid at one end of the cooling plate 110. Therefore, only a space for installing the refrigerant pipeline is reserved on one side of the cooling plate 110, which can reduce the size of the cooling plate 110 and the entire battery module.

[0098] like Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the flow direction of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow channel 111 of the cooling plate 110 is shown by the arrow.

[0099] For the convenience of explanation, the X direction, Y direction, and Z direction are introduced for explanation. In this embodiment, the battery cell 210 is a cylindrical battery cell as an example, wherein the X direction is the axial direction of the battery cell 210, and the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction are perpendicular to each other, and multiple battery cells 210 are arranged along the Y direction and the Z direction to form a battery cell module 200. Of course, the battery cell 210 can also be a square battery cell.

[0100] In some embodiments, the poles 214 of all the cells 210 of the cell module 200 face one side, that is, the pressure relief structure 211 faces one side. In this case, only one pressure relief assembly 100 may be provided on one side of the cell module 200 (that is, the side where the first end surface 212 is located), and the pressure relief structure 211 on each cell 210 faces the pressure relief inlet 112 on the pressure relief assembly 100. In this case, only one cold plate may be provided on the side where the second end surface 213 of the cell module 200 is located.

[0101] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 and Fig.11 , the pressure relief structures 211 of the multiple cells 210 in the cell module 200 face opposite directions, that is, the pressure relief structures 211 of a part of the cells 210 face one side, and the pressure relief structures 211 of the other part of the cells 210 face the other side. Two pressure relief assemblies 100 are provided, and the two pressure relief assemblies 100 are respectively arranged on both sides of the multiple cells 210 along the X direction to provide pressure relief channels for the pressure relief structures 211 on the corresponding sides, so that the ejected materials in the thermal runaway of all the cells 210 can be discharged through the pressure relief outlet 1220 of the pressure relief assembly 100 on the corresponding side.

[0102] That is to say, when the pressure relief structures 211 of multiple cylindrical battery cells face different directions, the two pressure relief assemblies 100 are respectively located at the two ends of the cylindrical battery cell along the axial direction, so that the high-temperature spray ejected from the pressure relief structures 211 on both sides can be discharged through the corresponding pressure relief assemblies 100 .

[0103] In the battery modules of some other embodiments, the number of pressure relief assemblies 100 can be set as needed. For example, a pressure relief assembly 100 is set on one side of the battery cell module 200 having the pressure relief structure 211. The number of pressure relief assemblies 100 is not limited here.

[0104] In the above embodiments, see Fig.11 and Fig.12 , multiple battery cells 210 are arranged side by side along the Y direction to form a first battery cell unit, and multiple battery cells 210 are arranged side by side along the Y direction to form a second battery cell unit. The pressure relief structure 211 of the first battery cell unit and the pressure relief structure 211 of the second battery cell unit face opposite directions. Fig.12 In the orientation, the first end face 212 of the first battery cell unit faces upward, and the second end face 213 of the second battery cell unit faces upward. A plurality of first battery cell units and second battery cell units are arranged alternately in sequence. Specifically, along the Y direction, at least one first battery cell unit and at least one second battery cell unit are arranged, and the first battery cell units and the second battery cell units are arranged alternately in sequence; along the Z direction, at least one first battery cell unit and at least one second battery cell unit are arranged, and the first battery cell units and the second battery cell units are arranged alternately in sequence, so that the plurality of battery cells 210 in the battery cell module 200 are connected in parallel first and then in series.

[0105] In the two pressure relief assemblies 100, both pressure relief assemblies 100 have multiple pressure relief inlets 112, wherein the multiple pressure relief inlets 112 of one pressure relief assembly 100 are opposite to the multiple first battery cell units, and its refrigerant flow channel 111 is opposite to the second battery cell unit, so that the refrigerant medium flows through the second end surface 213 of the second battery cell unit for cooling; the multiple pressure relief inlets 112 of the other pressure relief assembly 100 are opposite to the multiple second battery cell units, and its refrigerant flow channel 111 is opposite to the first battery cell unit, so that the refrigerant medium flows through the second end surface 213 of the first battery cell unit for cooling.

[0106] That is to say, in the pressure relief assembly 100 that provides a pressure relief channel for the first battery cell unit, a pressure relief inlet 112 is provided on the cooling plate 110 corresponding to each first battery cell unit, that is, multiple battery cells 210 in the first battery cell unit share one pressure relief inlet 112, which can simplify the manufacturing process and improve production efficiency.

[0107] In the pressure relief assembly 100 that provides a pressure relief channel for the second battery cell unit, a pressure relief inlet 112 is provided on the cooling plate 110 corresponding to each second battery cell unit, that is, multiple battery cells 210 in the second battery cell unit share one pressure relief inlet 112, which can simplify the manufacturing process and improve production efficiency.

[0108] The battery module also includes an elastic tube. The elastic tube is used to connect the cooling plates 110 of the two pressure relief assemblies 100. Specifically, in this embodiment, the elastic tube connects the refrigerant flow channel 111 of the cooling plate 110. The use of the elastic tube not only realizes the circulation of the refrigerant in the two cooling plates 110, but also the elastic properties of the elastic tube enable it to produce elastic deformation, thereby absorbing the assembly tolerance when stacking the battery cell modules, achieving the effect of adapting the installation tolerance of the two pressure relief assemblies.

[0109] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 Two elastic tubes are provided, which are a first connecting tube 300 and a second connecting tube 400. The first connecting tube 300 is connected to the refrigerant inlet 115 of the cooling plates 110 of the two pressure relief assemblies 100, and the second connecting tube 400 is connected to the refrigerant outlet 116 of the cooling plates 110 of the two pressure relief assemblies 100, thereby realizing the connection between the cooling plates 110 in the two pressure relief assemblies 100, so that the refrigerant medium can pass from one cooling plate 110 into another cooling plate 110, saving the pipeline layout structure, simplifying the structure and occupying less space.

[0110] Continue to see Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3, a first pipe joint 150 and a second pipe joint 160 are provided on the heat insulation board 121 of one pressure relief assembly 100, the first pipe joint 150 is used to connect with the liquid inlet pipe for introducing the refrigerant, and the second pipe joint 160 is used to connect with the liquid outlet pipe for outputting the refrigerant, the first pipe joint 150 and the second pipe joint 160 penetrate the heat insulation board 121 and communicate with the cooling plate 110 in the pressure relief assembly 100. A third pipe joint 170 and a fourth pipe joint 180 are provided on the cooling plate 110 of the other pressure relief assembly 100, the third pipe joint 170 is connected with the refrigerant inlet 115 of the cooling plate 110, and the fourth pipe joint 180 is connected with the refrigerant outlet 116 of the cooling plate 110. The first pipe joint 150 is connected with the third pipe joint 170 through the first connecting pipe 300, and the second pipe joint 160 is connected with the fourth pipe joint 180 through the second connecting pipe 400, so as to realize the communication between the cooling plates 110 in the two pressure relief assemblies 100.

[0111] In some embodiments, the first connecting pipe 300 and the second connecting pipe 400 are both corrugated pipes, which can effectively absorb the stacking tolerance between modules and ensure the sealing of the connection between the two cooling plates 110 .

[0112] In this embodiment, the X direction is set at an angle of α with the bottom plate of the battery pack box, and the range of α is 0 to 15°. That is, after the battery module is installed inside the battery pack, the angle between the axis of the cylindrical battery cell and the bottom plate of the box is 0 to 15°. For example, the angle between the axis of the cylindrical battery cell and the bottom plate of the box is 0° (the two are parallel at this time), 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°, 5°, 6°, 7°, 8°, 9°, 10°, 11°, 12°, 13°, 14°, 15°, etc. At this time, the two pressure relief assemblies 100 are placed vertically, and the pressure relief outlet 1220 is preferably set downward, so that the high-temperature ejecta in the pressure relief chamber 130 can be discharged from the pressure relief outlet 1220 under the action of its own gravity, and finally discharged through the whole package pressure relief valve on the box.

[0113] See also Figure 2 and Fig.11 The battery module also includes a collection component 500, which includes a bracket 510, a busbar 520 and a collection harness 530. The bracket 510 is provided with a contoured portion 511 adapted to the battery cell 210, and the battery cell 210 cooperates with the contoured portion 511. The busbar 520 is mounted on the bracket 510, and the busbar 520 is electrically connected to the battery cell 210, for example, by welding to achieve electrical conduction. The collection harness 530 is electrically connected to the busbar 520, and is used to collect voltage and temperature signals of the battery cell module 200.

[0114] Exemplarily, the contoured portion 511 is a contoured hole, and when arranging the battery cells 210 , the battery cells 210 are placed in the contoured hole.

[0115] Since the poles 214 of the multiple battery cells 210 face in opposite directions, a collection assembly 500 is provided on both sides of the battery cell module 200 along the X direction. The collection assembly 500 is also called a CCS assembly. The brackets 510 of the two collection assemblies 500 are provided with profiling parts 511 corresponding to the battery cells 210 one by one. During the stacking process, the battery cells 210 only need to be arranged according to the profiling parts 511 on the brackets 510 of the collection assembly 500 to complete the stacking of the battery cell module 200. After the stacking is completed, the busbars 520 in the collection assembly 500 are welded, and then the cooling plates 110 in the pressure relief assemblies 100 on both sides are respectively connected to one side of the corresponding collection assembly 500. The molding process is simple and the stacking process efficiency is improved.

[0116] In this embodiment, the collection component 500 is an integrated module, that is, the bracket 510, the bus 520 and the collection harness 530 can be assembled together to form the entire collection component 500, so as to realize overall loading and speed up the production cycle.

[0117] The collection harness 530 is exemplarily an FPCA, that is, a flexible printed circuit board. The bracket 510 is exemplarily made of plastic material.

[0118] In some embodiments, a heat-conducting medium is provided between the cooling plate 110 and the battery cell 210 to ensure full contact between the cooling plate 110 and the battery cell 210, improve the heat exchange efficiency, and realize rapid cooling of the battery cell 210. The heat-conducting medium is exemplarily a heat-conducting structural adhesive. Since the refrigerant flow channel 111 is directly opposite to the second end face 213 of the battery cell 210, the cooling position is the negative electrode of the battery cell, and its heat conduction path is: cooling plate 110 → heat-conducting structural adhesive → bus 520 on the collection component 500 → negative electrode of the battery cell 210.

[0119] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressure relief assembly, characterized in that: include: A cooling plate (110) for cooling the battery core (210), wherein the cooling plate is provided with a pressure relief inlet (112); The isolation component (120) is connected to the cooling plate (110) and defines a pressure relief chamber (130). The isolation component (120) is provided with a pressure relief outlet (1220). The pressure relief inlet (112) is connected to the pressure relief outlet (1220) through the pressure relief chamber (130).

2. The pressure relief assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation assembly (120) comprises: The heat insulation plate (121) is used to insulate the pressure relief chamber (130) from the outside, the heat insulation plate (121) and the cooling plate (110) are spaced apart, and the pressure relief chamber (130) is formed between the heat insulation plate (121) and the cooling plate (110).

3. The pressure relief assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support member (140) is provided on the heat insulation plate (121) and / or the cooling plate (110), and the support member (140) is supported between the heat insulation plate (121) and the cooling plate (110).

4. The pressure relief assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A sealing member (122) is sealingly connected between the cooling plate (110) and the heat insulating plate (121); the cooling plate (110), the heat insulating plate (121) and the sealing member (122) are arranged to form the pressure relief chamber (130); and the pressure relief outlet (1220) is arranged on the heat insulating plate (121) or the sealing member (122).

5. The pressure relief assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cooling plate (110) and the sealing member (122), and / or the heat insulation plate (121) and the sealing member (122) are connected by bonding or welding.

6. The pressure relief assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The pressure relief outlet (1220) is located at the lowest point of the pressure relief chamber (130); and the pressure relief inlet (112) is higher than the pressure relief outlet (1220).

7. According to the pressure relief assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, a flow channel protrusion (1140) is protruded on a side of the cooling plate (110) facing the isolation assembly (120).

8. The pressure relief assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cooling plate (110) comprises a flat plate (113) and a flow channel plate (114) which are interlocked with each other, the flow channel plate (114) being located between the flat plate (113) and the isolation assembly (120), the flow channel protrusion (1140) being protruded on the side of the flow channel plate (114) facing away from the flat plate (113), and the flow channel protrusion (1140) forming a flow channel groove (1141) on the side facing the flat plate (113).

9. A battery module, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least one battery cell (210) and a pressure relief assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a pressure relief structure (211) is provided on the battery cell (210), and the pressure relief structure (211) is connected to the pressure relief inlet (112).

10. The battery module according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of the battery cells (210) are provided, and the pressure relief structures (211) of the plurality of the battery cells (210) are arranged in a direction away from each other along the X direction. At least two pressure relief assemblies (100) are provided, and at least two pressure relief assemblies (100) are arranged on both sides of the plurality of the battery cells (210) along the X direction.

11. The battery module according to claim 10, characterized in that: The battery module also includes an elastic tube, the elastic tube communicating with the cooling plates (110) of the two pressure relief assemblies (100), and the elastic tube being deformable to match the installation tolerance of the pressure relief assemblies (100).

12. The battery module according to claim 10, characterized in that: A plurality of battery cells (210) are arranged side by side to form a first battery cell unit, and a plurality of battery cells (210) are arranged side by side to form a second battery cell unit, the pressure relief structure (211) of the first battery cell unit and the pressure relief structure (211) of the second battery cell unit face opposite directions, and a plurality of the first battery cell units and the second battery cell units are alternately arranged; Both of the two pressure relief components (100) have a plurality of pressure relief inlets (112); the plurality of pressure relief inlets (112) of one of the pressure relief components (100) are directly opposite to the plurality of first battery core units, and the plurality of pressure relief inlets (112) of the other pressure relief component (100) are directly opposite to the plurality of second battery core units.

13. The battery module according to claim 12, characterized in that: The X direction is arranged at an angle α with the bottom plate of the battery pack, and the value range of α is 0 to 15°.

14. The battery module according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that: The battery core (210) is a cylindrical battery core, and the two pressure relief components (100) are respectively located at two ends of the cylindrical battery core along the axial direction.

15. The battery module according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that: The battery module further comprises a collection component (500), wherein the collection component (500) comprises a bracket (510) and a busbar (520); The busbar (520) is mounted on the bracket (510); a contoured portion (511) adapted to the battery cell (210) is provided on the bracket (510); the battery cell (210) matches the contoured portion (511); and the busbar (520) is electrically connected to the battery cell (210).

16. A battery pack, characterized in that: It comprises a box body and at least one battery module as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 15, wherein the battery module is arranged in the box body; a whole package pressure relief valve is arranged on the box body, and the whole package pressure relief valve is connected to the pressure relief outlet (1220).

17. An electrical device, characterized in that: It comprises an electrical component and a battery pack as claimed in claim 16, wherein the battery pack is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical component.

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