A real-time personnel positioning system for intelligent helmets

Abstract

A real-time personnel positioning system for intelligent safety helmets is composed of a helmet body, a wireless transceiver module, a base station and a monitoring background. It is equipped with multiple ultrasonic receiving devices and a wireless transceiver module. The base station is equipped with multiple ultrasonic receiving devices and a wireless transceiver module. The position of the helmet body is located by transmitting and receiving data through the ultrasonic receiving devices and wireless transceiver modules on the helmet body and the base station. The base station sends the collected data of the helmet body to the monitoring background. By configuring a dual-frequency positioning base station and adopting the propagation measurement technology of electromagnetic waves and ultrasonic dual-frequency signals between the safety helmet positioning module and the base station, the multipath effect interference is eliminated to the greatest extent, so as to achieve the effect of precise positioning of the intelligent safety helmet in the blind area of ​​Beidou satellite positioning. On this basis, the location data of the intelligent safety helmet is transmitted to the software platform through the base station, which can support the project management department to grasp the number and location of project employees in real time, which is of great significance to project management and emergency rescue.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower safety, in particular to an intelligent safety helmet real-time personnel positioning system. Background Art

[0002] Hydropower and pumped storage, Yangtze River protection, regional integrated energy and other businesses have many operating areas, long lines, wide areas, complex personnel structure and working environment, which makes management and control extremely difficult. At present, most workers on the construction site of infrastructure projects use traditional helmets. These helmets can meet the basic requirements of personnel safety protection, but there is still a big gap with the urgent needs of the group company such as high-quality safety development and intelligent perception in the lean construction process.

[0003] In recent years, smart helmets, as an emerging smart wearable IoT device, have played a certain role in the engineering industry. Most of the existing smart helmets use GPS and Beidou satellite positioning technology to accurately measure the position of workers, but the propagation path of positioning satellite signals is easily affected by factors such as terrain, buildings, and weather. The positioning satellite signals cannot cover the blocked areas such as mountain tunnels and the inside of dams in water conservancy and hydropower infrastructure projects, and the positioning function cannot be realized through satellite positioning.

[0004] Other positioning technologies, such as UWB, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, all deploy positioning base stations and achieve positioning through the propagation time or angle of radio electromagnetic waves between the positioning terminal and the base station. However, in mountain tunnels, dam interiors and other shielded areas, there are many construction facilities and serious space shielding. Simply relying on electromagnetic wave signals for positioning is prone to deviations due to the multipath effect of signal propagation. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a new positioning system and technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a real-time personnel positioning system for smart helmets, which can eliminate multipath interference to the greatest extent by installing a designed dual-frequency positioning module on the body of a smart helmet with Beidou positioning function, configuring a dual-frequency positioning base station, and using the propagation measurement technology of electromagnetic waves and ultrasonic dual-frequency signals between the helmet positioning module and the base station, so as to achieve the effect of precise positioning of smart helmets in the blind area of ​​Beidou satellite positioning. On this basis, the location data of the smart helmet is transmitted to the software platform through the base station, which can support the project management department to grasp the number and location of project employees in real time, which is of great significance to project management and emergency rescue.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0007] A smart safety helmet real-time personnel positioning system, the system consists of a helmet body, a wireless transceiver module, a base station and a monitoring background. The helmet body is provided with multiple ultrasonic receiving devices and a wireless transceiver module, and the base station is provided with multiple ultrasonic receiving devices and a wireless transceiver module. Data communication is carried out between the ultrasonic receiving devices and the wireless transceiver module on the helmet body and the base station to locate the position of the helmet body, and the base station sends the collected helmet body data to the monitoring background.

[0008] The cap body is provided with a forward brim, a forward ultrasonic receiving device is provided above the forward brim, and a lateral ultrasonic receiving device is provided on both sides of the rear of the forward ultrasonic receiving device.

[0009] A backward ultrasonic wave receiving device is arranged at the rear of the cap body.

[0010] An ultrasonic transmitter is respectively arranged in the left, front and right directions of the base station, and a wireless transceiver module is arranged in the base station.

[0011] There are multiple base stations mentioned above, and the multiple base stations can locate the same cap body and send data to the monitoring background. The ultrasonic frequencies between the multiple base stations are different.

[0012] The above-mentioned wireless transceiver module is composed of a lithium battery, an MCU and a 433MHz chip. The hat body is also provided with a temperature and humidity sensor and a wearing sensing sensor. The MCU is communicatively connected with the 433MHz chip. The MCU collects data from the temperature and humidity sensor, the wearing sensing sensor and the ultrasonic receiving device on the hat body 1, and sends it to the base station through the 433MHz chip.

[0013] The cap body is provided with a Beidou positioning chip, which is used for positioning in outdoor environments.

[0014] The utility model provides an intelligent real-time personnel positioning system for safety helmets, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. Indoor and outdoor integrated positioning: In outdoor environments, the smart helmet is positioned through Beidou satellite signals; in indoor environments, the smart helmet uses radio signals and ultrasonic dual-frequency signals to the positioning base station, and adopts radio and wave differential positioning technology to achieve precise positioning. In this way, the effect of indoor and outdoor integrated positioning is achieved.

[0016] 2. Improve indoor positioning accuracy: Compared with UWB, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and other technologies, the smart helmet and the positioning base station provided by the present invention communicate through 433MHz radio signals and ultrasonic dual-frequency signals. The 433MHz signal has a long transmission distance and a fast speed, while the ultrasonic signal has strong directionality and a slow speed. The combined positioning of the two signals can eliminate the multipath effect caused by the reflection of a single electromagnetic wave signal on walls and obstacles, reduce positioning deviation, and improve positioning accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent safety helmet of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 Configure ultrasonic receiver location map for smart helmet;

[0020] Figure 3 Configure ultrasonic transmitter location map for positioning base station;

[0021] Figure 4 It is the indoor positioning topology map of the smart helmet;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the synchronization event between the smart helmet and the positioning reference;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the composition of the secondary synchronization signal data of a positioning base station;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of determining the position of a helmet by detecting the distance between the helmet and the three base stations;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a circuit diagram of a wireless transceiver module;

[0026] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of ultrasonic transceiver circuit, where (a) is the transmitting circuit and (b) is the receiving circuit;

[0027] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the operation mode of the base station.

[0028] In the figure: a hat body 1, a forward brim 2, a forward ultrasonic receiving device 3, a wireless transceiver module 4, a lateral ultrasonic receiving device 5, and a Beidou satellite positioning module 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] like Figure 1-10As shown in the figure, a real-time personnel positioning system for an intelligent safety helmet is composed of a helmet body 1, a wireless transceiver module 4, a base station and a monitoring background. The helmet body 1 is provided with multiple ultrasonic receiving devices and a wireless transceiver module 4, and the base station is provided with multiple ultrasonic receiving devices and a wireless transceiver module 4. Data communication is performed between the helmet body 1 and the ultrasonic receiving devices and the wireless transceiver module 4 on the base station to locate the position of the helmet body 1, and the base station sends the collected data of the helmet body 1 to the monitoring background.

[0030] The cap body 1 is provided with a forward brim 2 , a forward ultrasonic receiving device 3 is provided above the forward brim 2 , and a lateral ultrasonic receiving device 5 is provided on both sides of the rear of the forward ultrasonic receiving device 3 .

[0031] A backward ultrasonic receiving device is provided at the rear of the cap body 1 .

[0032] The base station is provided with an ultrasonic transmitter along the left, front and right directions respectively, and a wireless transceiver module 4 is provided in the base station.

[0033] There are multiple base stations mentioned above, and the multiple base stations can locate the same cap body 1 and send data to the monitoring background. The ultrasonic frequencies between the multiple base stations are different.

[0034] The above-mentioned wireless transceiver module 4 is composed of a lithium battery, an MCU and a 433MHz chip. The hat body 1 is also provided with a temperature and humidity sensor and a wearing sensing sensor. The MCU is communicatively connected with the 433MHz chip. The MCU collects data from the temperature and humidity sensor, the wearing sensing sensor and the ultrasonic receiving device on the hat body 1, and sends it to the base station through the 433MHz chip.

[0035] Example:

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the smart safety helmet of the utility model includes 1-hat body, 2-forward brim, 3-forward ultrasonic receiving device, 4-433MHz transceiver module, 5-lateral ultrasonic receiving device, 6-Beidou satellite positioning module, etc. Modules 3, 4, 5, and 6 can be integrated in a control box.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the smart helmet of this patent has an ultrasonic receiver in four directions: front, back, left, and right.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the positioning base station of this patent is equipped with a 433MHz wireless transceiver module and three ultrasonic transmitters. The three ultrasonic transmitters point to the left, front and right directions of the base station respectively, and the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is adjustable. When the base station is deployed, the ultrasonic frequencies of adjacent base stations must be different to avoid mutual interference.

[0039] In outdoor environments, smart helmets are positioned via Beidou satellites.

[0040] In indoor environments, the smart helmet completes positioning by transmitting 433MHz radio signals and ultrasonic dual-frequency signals between the positioning base stations deployed in the surrounding area.

[0041] A 433MHz wireless module is installed inside the smart helmet, which broadcasts positioning request signals regularly. After receiving the broadcast request signal, the surrounding base stations wait for a random time t and then send a 433MHz positioning reference signal to the smart helmet. After receiving the positioning reference signal, the smart helmet immediately responds with a reference return signal through its own 433MHz signal; the base station records the sending and return time of the positioning reference signal, subtracts the time it takes the smart helmet to process the signal, and determines the time required for the 433MHz electromagnetic wave signal to travel from the base station to the helmet once by comparing the time difference between sending the signal and receiving the return signal from the helmet. The distance between the helmet and the base station can be obtained by multiplying it by the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave. The overlapping area obtained by testing multiple base stations is the positioning position of the smart helmet.

[0042] In indoor environments, the propagation of electromagnetic waves has a multipath effect. In order to achieve more accurate positioning, the smart helmet in this patent also uses ultrasonic receiving modules installed in four directions to measure the distance with the base station. After receiving the reference signal responded by the helmet, the positioning base station simultaneously sends out 433MHz secondary synchronization and ultrasonic signals, that is, it sends out signals of two frequencies at the same time. The helmet obtains the ultrasonic signal propagation time difference of Δt=t2-t1 based on the time t1 when the 433MHz signal is received and the time t2 when the generated wave signal is received, and then obtains the straight-line distance D from the helmet to the base station through Δt×sound wave V. According to the distance to multiple base stations, the accurate position of the helmet can be obtained by the method of concentric circle intersection.

[0043] In addition, the smart safety helmet of the utility model can automatically negotiate and align the ultrasonic frequency with the surrounding base stations; when the positioning base station deployed indoors receives the positioning request signal broadcast by the surrounding safety helmets, the 433MHz signal sent out includes information about its ultrasonic transmission frequency. The smart safety helmet that receives the signal will adjust the operating frequency of its ultrasonic receiver to align with the base station frequency and reliably receive its ultrasonic signal.

[0044] Hardware System

[0045] The intelligent helmet positioning system is mainly composed of a helmet, a 433MHz positioning module, a base station, and a monitoring background.

[0046] helmet:

[0047] Safety helmets are the main tool for construction workers to protect their safety; the safety helmets should be lightweight, durable, safe, and have a high degree of protection.

[0048] Positioning module:

[0049] The positioning module consists of a lithium battery, an MCU, and a 433MHz chip. The 433MHz chip in the figure is CC2530. The lithium battery is mainly responsible for powering the entire positioning module. The MCU is responsible for collecting data from some sensors on the helmet, such as temperature and humidity, and wearing induction sensors. The collected data is sent to the base station via the 433MHz chip carrier.

[0050] Ultrasonic transceiver circuit:

[0051] Transmitter circuit Fig. 9 (a) The transmitting circuit sends the square wave pulse signal generated by the main control processor to the amplifier circuit, and uses its output signal to drive the CMOS tube. Then, the pulse signal is added to the high-frequency pulse transformer for power amplification, so that the amplitude is increased to more than 100 volts. Finally, the amplified pulse square wave signal is added to the ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic waves of a certain frequency and transmit them.

[0052] The receiving circuit consists of a two-stage operational amplifier circuit composed of OP37, a second-order bandpass filter circuit composed of TL082, and a comparison circuit composed of LM393. Because the received ultrasonic signal is very weak, at the millivolt level, it is designed as a two-stage amplifier circuit, with the first stage amplifying 100 times and the second stage amplifying 50 times, for a total amplification of about 5000 times.

[0053] Locating base stations:

[0054] The base station is the core of the 433MHz positioning system. It is mainly responsible for processing the data information sent by the positioning module. Usually, multiple base stations are required to accurately complete the entire positioning operation. The base station is composed of a lithium battery, MCU, 433MHz chip, and 4G network module. Each base station will calculate the circular trajectory of the positioning module and then send it to the background through the 4G network.

[0055] Monitoring background:

[0056] The monitoring background mainly monitors the position of the positioning module and the status of the sensor on the helmet. After receiving the data from each base station, the monitoring background accurately calculates the position of the helmet through data processing.

[0057] After the smart helmet of the utility model is turned on, the positioning module will send a broadcast command to the surrounding base stations. After the surrounding base stations receive the broadcast command, first, base station 1 starts the high-precision timer to start timing and requests the positioning module data information. After receiving the data from the positioning module, base station 1 calculates the timestamp of the data sent to the receiver, and base station 1 returns the timestamp and sensor information to the monitoring background. Similarly, the timestamps from base station 2 to base station 4 are calculated in the same way. After receiving the data from the four base stations, the background calculates the actual position of the positioning module by drawing a picture.

[0058] Terminology explanation:

[0059] GPS: Global Positioning System (GPS) is a high-precision radio navigation positioning system based on artificial satellites.

[0060] TOA: Time Of Arrival, that is, the arrival time method. According to the ToA (Time of arrival) principle, the positioning formula is:

[0061] L = (t1-t2)*c / 2 where: t1: the time when receiver 2 receives the signal; t2: the time when receiver 1 sends the signal; c: the speed of light.

[0062] Multipath diffraction: refers to the multiple signal diffractions caused by changes in air density, moisture, and reflections from different surfaces when the signal is transmitted in the air, which enables the signal to be received over a larger range. Signal diffraction is called a more sophisticated and microscopic time multipath diffraction technology, which can measure space more accurately, and thus more accurately measure position.

[0063] It should be pointed out that the solution to the above-mentioned technical problems requires programming and the use of software, but the software is only a part of the technical solution of the utility model, and its means are all existing technologies. The key to solving the technical problems of the utility model is the structural composition of the positioning system, which is a new technology of shape, structure and their combination. Therefore, it cannot be judged that the content of this application does not belong to the protection object of the utility model on the grounds that software or programs need to be used.

Claims

1. A smart helmet real-time personnel positioning system, characterized in that: The system comprises a cap body (1), a wireless transceiver module (4), a base station and a monitoring background. The cap body (1) is provided with a plurality of ultrasonic receiving devices and a wireless transceiver module (4). The base station is provided with a plurality of ultrasonic receiving devices and a wireless transceiver module (4). Data communication is performed between the cap body (1) and the ultrasonic receiving devices and the wireless transceiver module (4) on the base station to locate the position of the cap body (1). The base station sends the collected data of the cap body (1) to the monitoring background.

2. The intelligent helmet real-time personnel positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hat body (1) is provided with a forward brim (2), a forward ultrasonic receiving device (3) is provided above the forward brim (2), and a lateral ultrasonic receiving device (5) is provided on each side behind the forward ultrasonic receiving device (3).

3. The intelligent helmet real-time personnel positioning system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A backward ultrasonic receiving device is provided at the rear of the cap body (1).

4. The intelligent helmet real-time personnel positioning system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: An ultrasonic transmitter is respectively arranged in the left, front and right directions in the base station, and a wireless transceiver module (4) is arranged in the base station.

5. The intelligent helmet real-time personnel positioning system according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are multiple base stations, and the multiple base stations can locate the same cap body (1) and send data to the monitoring background. The ultrasonic frequencies of the multiple base stations are different.

6. The intelligent helmet real-time personnel positioning system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wireless transceiver module (4) is composed of a lithium battery, an MCU and a 433 MHz chip. The cap body (1) is also provided with a temperature and humidity sensor and a wearing induction sensor. The MCU is connected to the 433 MHz chip for communication. The MCU collects data from the temperature and humidity sensor, the wearing induction sensor and the ultrasonic receiving device on the cap body (1), and transmits the data to the base station via the 433 MHz chip.

7. The intelligent helmet real-time personnel positioning system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cap body (1) is provided with a Beidou positioning chip, and the Beidou positioning chip is used for positioning in an outdoor environment.

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