Metal powder 3D printer

Abstract

The utility model relates to a metal powder 3D printer which comprises a machine body, a forming cavity, a laser assembly, a material storage cylinder and a forming cylinder are arranged on the machine body, a motor, a lead screw, a guide rod and a scraping plate used for scraping metal powder in the material storage cylinder into the forming cylinder are further arranged in the forming cavity, one end of the scraping plate is in threaded connection with the lead screw, and the other end of the scraping plate is in threaded connection with the laser assembly. The other end of the scraper is slidably connected to the guide rod, the motor is used for driving the lead screw to rotate, a connecting plate is further arranged in the forming cavity and located between the storage cylinder and the forming cylinder, one end of the connecting plate is slidably connected to the guide rod, and the other end of the connecting plate is in threaded connection to the lead screw. A shovel plate is arranged at the bottom of the connecting plate, and a collecting groove is further formed in the bottom wall of the forming cavity. The device has the effect of automatically collecting metal splashes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of 3D printers, in particular to a metal powder 3D printer. Background Art

[0002] Metal powder 3D printers use laser sintering to form metal powder materials and manufacture parts.

[0003] A Chinese patent with announcement number CN211438104U discloses a metal powder 3D printer, which is equipped with a working plate, a working bin, a transition bin, a forming cylinder, and a material cylinder; the printer also includes a laser device, a lifting device, and a substrate. The working plate is provided with a scraper box, a controller, a cylinder, a powder collection box, a powder collection box, and an exhaust fan in the working bin.

[0004] During the sintering process of metal powder, granular metal splashes will be generated, and the splashes will splash and remain on the platform. The above-mentioned equipment cannot recover the metal splashes. Even during the movement of the scraper box, the splashes will be pushed back into the molding cylinder and participate in the molding of the product, thereby affecting the molding quality of the product. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present application provides a metal powder 3D printer, which has the effect of automatically collecting metal spatter.

[0006] The metal powder 3D printer provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A metal powder 3D printer comprises a body, wherein the body is provided with a molding cavity, a laser assembly, a storage cylinder, a molding cylinder, and a gas supply device for providing nitrogen to the molding cavity, wherein the storage cylinder and the molding cylinder are both provided with a piston and an oil cylinder, an air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the side wall of the molding cavity, and a motor, a screw rod, a guide rod, and a scraper for scraping the metal powder in the storage cylinder into the molding cylinder are also provided in the molding cavity, wherein one end of the scraper is threadedly connected to the screw rod, and the other end of the scraper is slidably connected to the guide rod, and the motor is used to drive the screw rod to rotate, and a connecting plate is also provided in the molding cavity, wherein the connecting plate is located between the storage cylinder and the molding cylinder, one end of the connecting plate is slidably connected to the guide rod, and the other end of the connecting plate is threadedly connected to the screw rod, and a shovel plate for shoveling metal splashes on the bottom wall of the molding cavity is provided at the bottom of the connecting plate, and a collecting trough is also provided on the bottom wall of the molding cavity, wherein the collecting trough is located on the side of the molding cylinder away from the storage cylinder, and the collecting trough is located on the movement path of the shovel plate.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, during the product forming process, after a layer of metal powder is formed by laser irradiation, the motor drives the screw to rotate, and the rotation of the screw will drive the scraper, guide rod and shovel plate to move. The scraper will scrape the metal powder in the storage cylinder into the forming cylinder during the movement of the scraper. The metal splashes on the bottom wall of the forming cavity will be shoveled up during the movement of the shovel to prevent the metal splashes from mixing with the metal powder scraped by the scraper. The shovel will eventually move to the top of the collection tank and push the metal splashes into the collection tank.

[0009] Preferably, a collecting frame is inserted in the collecting tank, and a filter screen is provided in the collecting frame, and the filter screen is used to filter and separate metal splashes and metal powders.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, after the production of a product is completed, the collection frame can be pulled out from the collection tank, and then the metal splashes and metal powder in the collection frame can be recovered and cleaned, and the collection frame of the cleaning hand can be reinserted into the collection tank to prepare for the production of the next product.

[0011] Preferably, sliders are provided on both ends of the filter screen, two slide grooves are provided on the inner wall of the collecting frame, and the two sliders are slidably connected in the two slide grooves respectively.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when recovering and cleaning the metal splashes and metal powder in the collection frame, first slide the filter out of the collection frame. When the filter slides out of the collection frame, the metal splashes will be separated from the collection frame together, and then the metal powder in the collection frame can be poured out again for recycling.

[0013] Preferably, the middle portion of the filter screen is concave to form a recessed portion, and a lifting rod is provided in the recessed portion.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the lifting rod is set to make it easier to pull the filter out of the collection frame, and the setting of the recessed portion can effectively prevent metal splashes above the filter from rolling off the filter to the ground when the filter is pulled out of the collection frame.

[0015] Preferably, anti-slip plates are respectively provided on both ends of the filter screen, the two anti-slip plates and the filter screen form a receiving groove for receiving metal splashes, and the two sliding blocks are respectively provided on the two anti-slip plates.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the anti-drop plate can be provided to further effectively prevent metal splashes from rolling off the filter net.

[0017] Preferably, a shielding plate is slidably connected to the cavity wall of the molding cavity, and the shielding plate is used to shield part of the air outlet. A driving component for driving the shielding plate to slide is also provided in the molding cavity.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, during the laser printing process, the shielding plate blocks part of the air outlet, thereby reducing the amount of air out of the air outlet, ensuring the concentration of nitrogen in the molding cavity, and ensuring the molding accuracy of the product. After the laser printing is completed, the shielding plate is driven by the driving component to slide, so that the air outlet is enlarged, so that the smoke generated during the laser printing process and the dust generated when the scraper scrapes the metal powder are quickly discharged from the molding cavity as soon as possible, achieving the effect of purifying the nitrogen.

[0019] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a first rack disposed on the shielding plate, a gear rotatably connected to the side wall of the molding cavity, and a driving member for driving the gear to rotate, and the first rack is meshed with the gear.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the movement of the shielding plate can be controlled by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the gear through the driving member.

[0021] Preferably, the driving member is a second rack provided on the scraper, the gear is located on the movement path of the second rack, and the second rack is used to mesh with the gear and drive the gear to rotate.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the screw rotates to drive the scraper to move, the scraper will drive the second rack to move. During the movement of the second rack, it will mesh with the gear and drive the gear to rotate, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the movement of the scraper.

[0023] Preferably, the air inlet is located on a side of the forming cylinder away from the storage cylinder, the guide rod is located between the storage cylinder and the forming cylinder and is arranged close to the storage cylinder, and a windshield is provided on the guide rod.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the influence of the wind from the air outlet on the metal raw materials in the storage cylinder is reduced, and the metal raw materials in the gold storage cylinder are prevented from flying during the product laser printing process. At the same time, it also prevents metal splashes from splashing into the storage cylinder.

[0025] The technical effects of this utility model are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0026] 1. The utility model uses a shovel plate to shovel metal splashes into a collection frame to prevent the metal splashes from re-participating in the laser forming of the product;

[0027] 2. The utility model is provided with a collection frame and a filter screen to facilitate the separation and recovery of metal splashes and metal powders;

[0028] 3. The utility model controls the movement of the scraper to enlarge the air outlet so as to quickly discharge the smoke generated during the laser printing process and the dust generated when the scraper scrapes the metal powder out of the molding cavity as soon as possible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application.

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the mid-body along line AA.

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of the mid-body along the CC line.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection tank and the filter screen.

[0034] Figure numerals: 1. body; 11. forming cavity; 12. laser assembly; 13. storage cylinder; 14. forming cylinder; 15. air supply device; 16. piston; 17. oil cylinder; 18. air inlet; 19. air outlet; 20. motor; 21. screw; 22. guide rod; 24. scraper; 25. connecting plate; 26. shovel plate; 27. collecting trough; 3. collecting frame; 31. slide groove; 4. filter net; 41. slider; 42. recessed part; 43. lifting rod; 44. anti-slip plate; 45. accommodating groove; 5. shielding plate; 6. driving assembly; 61. first rack; 62. gear; 7. driving member; 71. second rack; 8. wind shield. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to make the technical solution of the present application easier to understand and grasp.

[0036] The embodiment of the present application discloses a metal powder 3D printer.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A metal powder 3D printer of this embodiment includes a body 1, on which a molding cavity 11, a laser assembly 12, a storage cylinder 13, a molding cylinder 14, and a gas supply device 15 for providing nitrogen to the molding cavity 11 are provided. The gas supply device 15 is a nitrogen box and an air pump arranged in the nitrogen box, and the air pump pumps the nitrogen in the nitrogen box into the molding cavity 11. The laser assembly 12 includes a moving frame, a laser head and an energy supply device. The top opening of the storage cylinder 13 and the top opening of the molding cylinder 14 are both connected to the molding cavity 11, and pistons 16 are fixed in the storage cylinder 13 and the molding cylinder 14. Two oil cylinders 17 are fixed on the body 1, and the two oil cylinders 17 are respectively located below the storage cylinder 13 and the molding cylinder 14, and the output shafts of the two oil cylinders 17 extend into the storage cylinder 13 and the molding cylinder 14 respectively and are connected to the two pistons 16.

[0038] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4The molding chamber 11 is also provided with a motor 20, a screw 21, a guide rod 22, and a scraper 24 for scraping the metal powder in the storage cylinder 13 into the molding cylinder 14, wherein the screw 21 is rotatably connected in the molding chamber 11, the axis of the screw 21 and the axis of the guide rod 22 are both parallel to the Y axis, the output shaft of the motor 20 is coaxially connected to the screw 21, and the motor 20 is used to drive the screw 21 to rotate. One end of the scraper 24 is threadedly connected to the screw 21, and the other end of the scraper 24 is slidably connected to the guide rod 22. In the initial state, the scraper 24 is located on the side of the storage cylinder 13 away from the molding cylinder 14.

[0039] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 A connecting plate 25 is also provided in the molding cavity 11. One end of the connecting plate 25 is slidably connected to the guide rod 22. The other end of the connecting plate 25 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 21. The length direction of the connecting plate 25 is parallel to the X-axis. The bottom of the connecting plate 25 is fixedly connected with a shovel plate 26 for shoveling metal splashes on the bottom wall of the molding cavity 11. The shovel plate 26 is tilted to facilitate shoveling metal splashes. In the initial state, the guide rod 22 and the scraper 24 are located between the storage cylinder 13 and the molding cylinder 14 and are arranged close to the storage cylinder 13. A plurality of filtering holes are provided on the shovel plate 26. A collecting groove 27 is also provided on the bottom wall of the molding cavity 11. The collecting groove 27 is located on the side of the molding cylinder 14 away from the storage cylinder 13. The collecting groove 27 is located on the movement path of the shovel plate 26.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The side wall of the molding cavity 11 is provided with an air inlet 18 and an air outlet 19, and the air inlet 18 is located on the side of the molding cylinder 14 away from the material storage cylinder 13. The air outlet 19 is connected to the dust collecting device, and the air inlet 18 is used to connect to the air supply device. The air supply device will blow air into the molding cavity 11 through the air inlet 18 and blow the smoke and flying metal powder during the printing process of the printer into the air outlet 19, and then the dust collecting device will filter the smoke and flying metal powder. (The dust collecting device and the air supply device are not shown in the figure).

[0041] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 A shielding plate 5 is slidably connected to the cavity wall of the molding cavity 11 along the Y-axis direction. The shielding plate 5 is used to shield part of the air outlet 19. A driving assembly 6 for driving the shielding plate 5 to slide is also provided in the molding cavity 11. The driving assembly 6 includes a first rack 61 fixed to the bottom end of the shielding plate 5 and a gear 62 rotatably connected to the side wall of the molding cavity 11. The first rack 61 is meshed with the gear 62, and the axis of the gear 62 is parallel to the X-axis.

[0042] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4The driving assembly 6 is also used to drive the driving member 7 for driving the gear 62 to rotate. The driving member 7 is fixed to the second rack 71 on the scraper 24. The gear 62 is located on the movement path of the second rack 71. The second rack 71 is used to mesh with the gear 62 and drive the gear 62 to rotate.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A windshield 8 is also fixed on the guide rod 22, and the windshield 8 can reduce the impact of the wind from the air outlet on the metal raw materials in the storage cylinder 13, and prevent the metal raw materials in the metal storage cylinder 13 from flying during the product laser printing process.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 , a collecting groove 27 is also provided on the bottom wall of the molding cavity 11. The collecting groove 27 is located on the side of the molding cylinder 14 away from the storage cylinder 13, and the collecting groove 27 is located on the movement path of the shovel plate 26. A collecting frame 3 is inserted in the collecting groove 27, and the top of the collecting frame 3 is flush with the bottom wall of the molding cavity 11. Slide grooves 31 are provided on the inner walls of the two opposite sides of the collecting frame 3 along the Z-axis direction. A filter screen 4 is also provided in the collecting frame 3, and a concave portion 42 is formed in the middle of the filter screen 4. Two lifting rods 43 are fixedly connected in the concave portion 42, and the two lifting rods 43 are respectively close to the two ends of the filter screen 4. Anti-slip plates 44 are respectively provided on the two ends of the filter screen 4, and the two anti-slip plates 44 and the filter screen 4 form a receiving groove 45 for accommodating metal splashes. Slide blocks 41 are fixedly connected to the two anti-slip plates 44, and the two slide blocks 41 are respectively connected to the two slide grooves 31 in the Z-axis direction.

[0045] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 The specific printing steps of the metal powder 3D printer in this application are as follows:

[0046] First, the storage cylinder 13 and the forming cylinder 14 are filled with metal powder, and the gas supply device 15 continuously supplies nitrogen into the forming cavity 11. During product production, the laser device will emit laser to heat the metal powder in the forming cylinder 14 to above the melting temperature, so that the metal powder is metallurgically melted and fused together to form a product. During the sintering process of the metal powder, granular metal splashes will be generated, and the splashes will splash and stay on the platform.

[0047] After a layer of metal powder is laser sintered, the output shaft of the oil cylinder 17 below the storage cylinder 13 extends and drives the piston 16 to push up, thereby pushing the metal powder in the storage cylinder 13 out of the storage cylinder 13. Then the motor 20 starts and drives the screw 21 to rotate. When the screw 21 rotates, it drives the scraper 24, the connecting plate 25 and the shovel plate 26 to rotate. During the movement of the scraper 24, the metal powder outside the storage cylinder 13 is scraped and the second rack 71 is driven to move. When the shovel plate 26 moves, it shovels the metal splashes.

[0048] Before the shovel plate 26 moves between the forming cylinder 14 and the collecting frame 3, the output shaft of the oil cylinder 17 below the forming cylinder 14 does not retract, so that the metal powder in the forming cylinder 14 does not sink, and the metal splashes are prevented from falling into the forming cylinder 14 when the shovel plate 26 shovels the metal splashes. When the shovel plate 26 moves between the forming cylinder 14 and the collecting frame 3, the output shaft of the oil cylinder 17 below the forming rod retracts, so that the metal powder in the forming cylinder 14 sinks, and then the scraper plate 24 moves and scrapes the new metal powder into the forming cylinder 14 and flattens it, and the shovel plate 26 shovels the metal splashes into the collecting frame 3.

[0049] When the scraper 24 moves to scrape the metal powder to the molding frame, the second rack 71 will also move with it. During the movement of the second rack 71, the second rack 71 will mesh with the gear 62 and drive the gear 62 to rotate. The rotation of the gear 62 will drive the first rack 61 and the baffle plate 5 to move, so that the baffle plate 5 gradually no longer blocks the air outlet 19, thereby increasing the air outlet 19 and quickly discharging the smoke generated during the laser printing process and the dust generated when the scraper 24 scrapes the metal powder out of the molding cavity 11 as soon as possible, thereby achieving the effect of purifying nitrogen. When the scraper 24 moves and resets, the second rack 71 will also move and reset, thereby driving the baffle plate 5 to move and reset through the gear 62 and the rack and re-block the air outlet 19, thereby slowing down the air outlet 19, ensuring the concentration of nitrogen in the molding cavity 11, and ensuring the molding accuracy of the product.

[0050] Of course, the above are only typical examples of the present application. In addition, the present application may have many other specific implementation methods. All technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection required by the present application.

Claims

1. A metal powder 3D printer, comprising a body (1), the body (1) being provided with a molding cavity (11), a laser assembly (12), a material storage cylinder (13), a molding cylinder (14), and a gas supply device (15) for supplying nitrogen into the molding cavity (11), the material storage cylinder (13) and the molding cylinder (14) being provided with a piston (16) and an oil cylinder (17), and a side wall of the molding cavity (11) being provided with an air inlet (18) and an air outlet (19), characterized in that: The molding cavity (11) is further provided with a motor (20), a screw rod (21), a guide rod (22), and a scraper (24) for scraping metal powder in the storage cylinder (13) into the molding cylinder (14); one end of the scraper (24) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (21), and the other end of the scraper (24) is slidably connected to the guide rod (22); the motor (20) is used to drive the screw rod (21) to rotate; the molding cavity (11) is further provided with a connecting plate (25), and the connecting plate (25) is located between the storage cylinder (13) and the molding cylinder (14). The connecting plate (25) is connected between the molding cylinder (14), one end of the connecting plate (25) is slidably connected to the guide rod (22), and the other end of the connecting plate (25) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (21). The bottom of the connecting plate (25) is provided with a shovel plate (26) for shoveling metal splashes on the bottom wall of the molding cavity (11). The bottom wall of the molding cavity (11) is also provided with a collecting groove (27). The collecting groove (27) is located on a side of the molding cylinder (14) away from the storage cylinder (13), and the collecting groove (27) is located on the movement path of the shovel plate (26).

2. A metal powder 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A collecting frame (3) is inserted into the collecting tank (27), and a filter screen (4) is provided in the collecting frame (3). The filter screen (4) is used to filter and separate metal splashes and metal powder.

3. A metal powder 3D printer according to claim 2, characterized in that: Slide blocks (41) are respectively provided on both ends of the filter screen (4), two slide grooves (31) are provided on the inner wall of the collection frame (3), and the two slide blocks (41) are respectively slidably connected in the two slide grooves (31).

4. A metal powder 3D printer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The middle part of the filter screen (4) is concave to form a recessed portion (42), and a lifting rod (43) is provided in the recessed portion (42).

5. A metal powder 3D printer according to claim 4, characterized in that: Anti-slip plates (44) are respectively provided at both ends of the filter screen (4); the two anti-slip plates (44) and the filter screen (4) form a receiving groove (45) for receiving metal splashes; and the two sliding blocks (41) are respectively provided on the two anti-slip plates (44).

6. A metal powder 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shielding plate (5) is slidably connected to the cavity wall of the molding cavity (11), and the shielding plate (5) is used to shield part of the air outlet (19). A driving component (6) for driving the shielding plate (5) to slide is also provided in the molding cavity (11).

7. A metal powder 3D printer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving assembly (6) comprises a first rack (61) provided on the shielding plate (5), a gear (62) rotatably connected to the side wall of the molding cavity (11), and a driving member (7) for driving the gear (62) to rotate, wherein the first rack (61) is meshed with the gear (62).

8. A metal powder 3D printer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving member (7) is a second rack (71) arranged on the scraper (24), the gear (62) is located on the movement path of the second rack (71), and the second rack (71) is used to mesh with the gear (62) and drive the gear (62) to rotate.

9. A metal powder 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet (18) is located on a side of the forming cylinder (14) away from the material storage cylinder (13); the guide rod (22) is located between the material storage cylinder (13) and the forming cylinder (14) and is arranged close to the material storage cylinder (13); and a windshield (8) is provided on the guide rod (22).

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