Cell unit, fuel cell stack, fuel cell system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a cell unit, a fuel cell stack, a fuel cell system and a vehicle. The cell unit comprises a first polar plate, a second polar plate and a membrane electrode assembly arranged between the first polar plate and the second polar plate, the first polar plate is an anode plate and the second polar plate is a cathode plate, or the first polar plate is a cathode plate and the second polar plate is an anode plate; a positioning matching part is arranged on the first polar plate, a positioning part is arranged on the second polar plate, and a guide structure is arranged on the positioning part and / or the positioning matching part. The cell unit disclosed by the utility model can be used for improving the alignment degree of an electric pile in the assembling process and the operation process, and avoiding the problems of poor power generation performance, short circuit, gas leakage, poor insulation and the like of a fuel cell system product caused by relative movement between the cell units, thereby being beneficial to improving the quality of the fuel cell system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a battery unit. At the same time, the utility model also relates to a fuel cell stack provided with the battery unit, a fuel cell system having the fuel cell stack, and a vehicle provided with the above fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell stack is composed of hundreds of layers of battery cells that are repeatedly stacked, and the end plates and tensioning structures at both ends provide clamping force to the battery cells in between. There are two main methods for assembling battery cells: one is a fuel cell unit composed of an anode plate, a membrane electrode assembly, and a cathode plate, also known as a single cell, and the other is a fuel cell unit composed of a bipolar plate and a membrane electrode assembly.

[0003] At present, when repeatedly stacking battery cells and applying clamping force, as well as when running on terminal products, the alignment of hundreds of layers of battery cells inside the fuel cell needs to be ensured to ensure the battery's airtightness, power generation performance, insulation, etc. However, existing single cells are difficult to position and difficult to ensure stacking alignment, making it difficult to guarantee the quality of fuel cell products and unable to meet product design requirements. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the utility model aims to provide a battery unit, which is beneficial to improving the alignment during the assembly process and operation of the battery stack.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] A battery cell comprises a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate, and a membrane electrode assembly disposed between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate;

[0007] The first electrode plate is an anode plate, and the second electrode plate is a cathode plate, or the first electrode plate is a cathode plate, and the second electrode plate is an anode plate;

[0008] A positioning and matching portion is provided on the first pole plate, a positioning portion is provided on the second pole plate, and a guiding structure is provided on the positioning portion and / or on the positioning and matching portion.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning portion includes a positioning protrusion provided on the second pole plate, the positioning matching portion includes a positioning groove provided on the first pole plate, and the guide structure includes a guiding inclined surface provided on the side of the positioning protrusion.

[0010] Further, two limiting protrusions are provided on the first pole plate, and the positioning groove is formed between the two limiting protrusions; and / or, the positioning protrusion is integrally formed on the second pole plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the positioning protrusions and the positioning grooves are both arranged in plurality on the battery unit at intervals.

[0012] Furthermore, the positioning protrusion is in a wave shape, a truncated cone shape, a triangular prism shape or a quadrangular prism shape, and the positioning groove is adapted to be arranged on the positioning protrusion.

[0013] Furthermore, the angle α between the guide slope and the second electrode plate satisfies: α=arctan(h1 / d); wherein h1 is the height of the positioning protrusion, and d is the projection length of the guide slope in the stacking direction of the battery stack.

[0014] Furthermore, a seal is provided on one side of the battery cell, and the seal is used to seal a cooling water cavity formed between two adjacent battery cells; in the stacking direction of the battery stack, a height h1 of the positioning protrusion is not greater than a height h2 of the seal.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] The battery unit described in the utility model, through the coordinated arrangement of the positioning part, the positioning matching part and the guide structure, can use the guide structure to guide the positioning part on one battery unit to be inserted together with the positioning matching part on the other battery unit when two adjacent battery units are stacked, so as to limit the relative movement between the two adjacent battery units while realizing the positioning and stacking between the two adjacent battery units, so as to improve the alignment during the assembly process and operation of the battery stack, thereby avoiding problems such as poor power generation performance, short circuit, gas leakage and poor insulation of the fuel cell system product caused by the relative movement between the battery units, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the fuel cell system.

[0017] In addition, the positioning protrusion is provided on the second pole plate, the positioning groove is provided on the first pole plate, and the guide structure includes a guiding inclined surface provided on the side of the positioning protrusion, which can make full use of the structure of the battery cell itself to achieve positioning during stacking, without adding other structures to achieve positioning, which is beneficial to the preparation of the battery cell and the improvement of the quality of subsequent assembled products. By providing two limiting protrusions on the first pole plate, and the positioning groove is formed between the two limiting protrusions, the design of the positioning groove can be realized without affecting the overall structure and stacking of the battery cell, which has good practicality. The positioning protrusion is integrally formed on the second pole plate, which is beneficial to the preparation of the second pole plate and the control of the molding quality.

[0018] Secondly, both the positioning protrusions and positioning grooves are arranged in multiple intervals on the battery cell, which is conducive to ensuring that two adjacent battery cells have a good stacking effect. The positioning protrusion is wavy, truncated cone, triangular prism or quadrangular cone, and the positioning groove is adapted to the positioning protrusion setting, which is conducive to using the inclined surface of the positioning protrusion to form a guiding inclined surface. The angle α between the guiding inclined surface and the second electrode plate satisfies α=arctan(h1 / d), which is conducive to having a better guiding effect. A seal is provided on one side of the battery cell, and in the stacking direction of the battery stack, the height h1 of the positioning protrusion is not greater than the height h2 of the seal, which can avoid the failure of the sealing effect of the seal.

[0019] In addition, the utility model also proposes a fuel cell stack, which includes the battery unit described above.

[0020] At the same time, the utility model also proposes a fuel cell system, including the above-mentioned fuel cell stack.

[0021] In addition, the utility model also proposes a vehicle, in which the above-mentioned fuel cell system is provided.

[0022] The fuel cell stack, fuel cell system and vehicle described in the utility model are all provided with the above-mentioned battery unit, which can help improve the alignment of the stack during assembly and operation, so as to avoid problems such as poor power generation performance, short circuit, gas leakage and poor insulation of the fuel cell system product caused by relative movement between the battery units, and have a better use effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the battery unit according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 An exploded view of a battery unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of stacked battery cells according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning protrusion according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 Another structural schematic diagram of the positioning protrusion according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] 10. Battery unit;

[0032] 11. first electrode plate; 111. limiting protrusion; 112. positioning groove;

[0033] 12. second electrode plate; 121. positioning protrusion; 1211. guiding inclined surface;

[0034] 13. membrane electrode assembly; 14. seal; 15. anode seal; 16. cathode seal;

[0035] α, angle; h1, height of positioning protrusion; h2, height of seal; d, projection length of guide slope in the stacking direction of battery stack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" and the like indicating orientation or positional relationship, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, if there are terms such as "first" and "second", they are also used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" and "connector" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in combination with specific circumstances.

[0039] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] The present embodiment relates to a battery unit 10, which can improve the alignment during the assembly process and operation of the fuel cell stack, so as to improve the assembly efficiency and finished product quality of the fuel cell stack and the fuel cell system.

[0042] In terms of overall structure, Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the battery cell 10 of this embodiment includes an anode plate 11 and a cathode plate 12 , and a membrane electrode assembly 13 disposed between the anode plate 11 and the cathode plate 12 .

[0043] In addition, a positioning part is provided on the anode plate 11, a positioning part is provided on the cathode plate 12, and a guide structure is provided on the positioning part. When two adjacent battery cells 10 are stacked, the positioning part on one battery cell 10 and the positioning part on the other battery cell 10 can be inserted together under the guidance of the guide structure.

[0044] At this time, as set above, based on the guidance of the guide structure, when two adjacent battery cells 10 are stacked, the positioning portion on one battery cell 10 can be inserted together with the positioning matching portion on the other battery cell 10, so as to limit the relative movement between the two adjacent battery cells 10 while realizing the positioning and stacking between the two adjacent battery cells 10, thereby facilitating the improvement of the alignment of the battery stack during assembly and operation, thereby avoiding problems such as poor power generation performance, short circuit, gas leakage and poor insulation of the fuel cell system product caused by the relative movement between the battery cells 10, and facilitating the improvement of the quality of the fuel cell system.

[0045] It is worth mentioning that when this embodiment is implemented, as a preferred implementation form, the first electrode plate 11 can be either an anode plate or a cathode plate, and when the first electrode plate 11 is an anode plate, the second electrode plate 12 is a cathode plate, and when the first electrode plate 11 is a cathode plate, the second electrode plate 12 is an anode plate. In this embodiment, the first electrode plate 11 is an anode plate, and the second electrode plate 12 is a cathode plate as a specific example for description, which will not be repeated below.

[0046] At the same time, the battery cell 10 of this embodiment adopts a single cell structure composed of a first electrode plate 11, a membrane electrode assembly 13 and a second electrode plate 12 stacked in sequence, and two adjacent battery cells 10 are connected in series (that is, the first electrode plate 11 in one battery cell 10 is connected to the second electrode plate 12 in another battery cell 10), and then transmit electricity to the outside. Among them, the first electrode plate 11 and the second electrode plate 12 in the battery cell 10 are separated by the membrane electrode assembly 13, and the two are not in direct contact, otherwise an internal short circuit will be caused.

[0047] The battery cell 10 of this embodiment is composed of a first electrode plate 11, a membrane electrode assembly 13, and a second electrode plate 12, wherein the membrane electrode assembly 13 is clamped between the first electrode plate 11 and the second electrode plate 12. In the battery cell 10, the second electrode plate 12 is provided with a positioning portion, and the first electrode plate 11 is provided with a positioning matching portion. During the stacking of multiple battery cells 10, the positioning portion of the second electrode plate 12 of one battery cell 10 is matched with the positioning matching portion of the first electrode plate 11 of another adjacent battery cell 10, so as to realize the positioning between the two battery cells 10.

[0048] Furthermore, the positioning portion and the positioning matching portion are preferably arranged at the edge of the electrode plate. In this embodiment, the positioning portion and the positioning matching portion are arranged on the frame of the electrode plate. Even if the first electrode plate 11 and the second electrode plate 12 are made of metal materials, there is no need to use insulating materials such as plastic to make the frame of the electrode plate or to perform plastic coating on the frame. This is because the positioning structures of the first electrode plate 11 and the second electrode plate 12 inside the battery cell 10 have different shapes and are separated by the membrane electrode assembly 13. The first electrode plate 11 and the second electrode plate 12 in the battery cell 10 cannot directly contact each other, thereby avoiding internal short circuit of the battery cell 10.

[0049] Based on the above overall introduction, in detail, in this embodiment, in the specific implementation, in addition to setting the guide structure on the positioning part, the guide structure can also be set on the positioning matching part, or the guide structure can be set on both the positioning part and the positioning matching part at the same time, in order to achieve better guiding and positioning effects. In this embodiment, as a preferred implementation form, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the positioning portion includes a positioning protrusion 121 provided on the second electrode plate 12 , the positioning matching portion includes a positioning groove 112 provided on the first electrode plate 11 , and the guide structure includes a guide inclined surface 1211 provided on the side of the positioning protrusion 121 .

[0050] The advantage of such a configuration is that the structure of the battery cell 10 itself can be fully utilized to achieve positioning during stacking without adding other structures to achieve positioning, which is beneficial to the preparation of the battery cell 10 and the improvement of the quality of subsequent assembled products.

[0051] In specific implementation, the positioning groove 112 of this embodiment is preferably adapted to be matched with the positioning protrusion 121. For example, a guide matching surface adapted to the guide slope 1211 is preferably formed on the groove wall of the positioning groove 112. The guide matching surface can be the guide structure in the above-mentioned positioning groove 112 to enhance the guiding effect of inserting the positioning protrusion 121 into the positioning groove 112.

[0052] In addition, in this embodiment, as a preferred implementation form, continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in , two limiting protrusions 111 are provided on the first electrode plate 11, and a positioning groove 112 is formed between the two limiting protrusions 111. Thus, the design of the positioning groove 112 can be realized without affecting the overall structure and stacking of the battery unit 10, which has good practicality.

[0053] At the same time, as a preferred implementation form, the positioning protrusion 121 of this embodiment is integrally formed on the second electrode plate 12 to facilitate the preparation of the second electrode plate 12 and control the molding quality.

[0054] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as a preferred implementation form, both the positioning protrusions 121 and the positioning grooves 112 are arranged in multiples at intervals on the battery cell 10, and when two adjacent battery cells 10 are stacked, each positioning protrusion 121 can be inserted into the corresponding positioning groove 112.

[0055] It can be understood that the positioning protrusions 121 and the positioning grooves 112 are both arranged in multiples at intervals on the battery cell 10, which is beneficial to ensure that two adjacent battery cells 10 have a good stacking effect.

[0056] In specific implementation, the number and arrangement of the positioning protrusions 121 and the positioning grooves 112 can be set and adjusted accordingly according to actual positioning requirements. For example, both can be set to four spaced apart, and the connecting lines between the four positioning protrusions 121 and the four positioning grooves 112 are all rectangular.

[0057] Secondly, as a preferred implementation form, the positioning protrusion 121 of this embodiment is in the shape of a wave, a truncated cone, a triangular prism or a quadrangular prism, and the positioning groove 112 is adapted to be set on the positioning protrusion 121. In this way, the inclined surface of the positioning protrusion 121 itself can be used to form the guide inclined surface 1211, simplifying the structure. Specifically, in this embodiment Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the positioning protrusion 121 being in the shape of a truncated cone is given in FIG. Figure 6 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the positioning protrusion 121 being in the shape of a triangular pyramid.

[0058] In addition, in order to ensure that the guiding slope 1211 has a good guiding effect, in this embodiment, as a preferred implementation form, Figure 3 As shown in , the included angle α between the guiding slope 1211 and the second electrode plate 12 satisfies: α=arctan(h1 / d). Wherein, h1 is the height of the positioning protrusion 121, and d is the projected length of the guiding slope 1211 in the stacking direction of the battery stack.

[0059] The d here can also be understood as the projected length of the guide slope 1211 on the second electrode plate 12, or as the alignment degree of two adjacent battery cells 10 when they are stacked. Specifically, when the misalignment distance between two adjacent battery cells 10 is less than d, the positioning protrusion 121 can be inserted into the positioning groove 112 through the guidance of the guide slope 1211. In other words, when the misalignment distance between two adjacent battery cells 10 is greater than or equal to d, the positioning protrusion 121 is placed on the limiting protrusion 111 on one side of the positioning groove 112.

[0060] In addition, in this embodiment, as a preferred implementation form, Figure 4 As shown, a seal 14 is provided on one side of the battery cell 10, and the seal 14 is used to seal the cooling water cavity formed between two adjacent battery cells 10. Moreover, in the stacking direction of the battery stack, the height h1 of the positioning protrusion 121 is not greater than the height h2 of the seal 14.

[0061] By providing a seal 14 on one side of the battery cell 10, and in the stacking direction of the battery stack, the height h1 of the positioning protrusion 121 is not greater than the height h2 of the seal 14, not only a cooling water cavity can be formed between two adjacent battery cells 10, but also the sealing effect of the seal 14 can be prevented from failing. The seal 14 can specifically adopt a sealing strip product well known to those skilled in the art.

[0062] The battery cell 10 of this embodiment is combined with Figure 4 As shown, the spacing between two adjacent battery cells 10 gradually decreases. If relative sliding (misalignment) gradually occurs between the two adjacent battery cells 10, the guiding slope 1211 on the positioning protrusion 121 will contact the groove wall in the corresponding positioning groove 112, and in the further pressing process, under the guidance of the guiding slope 1211, the positioning protrusion 121 and the positioning groove 112 slide relative to each other to generate a horizontal component force to counteract the relative sliding between the battery cells 10 and align the two adjacent battery cells 10.

[0063] In addition, it is still necessary to mention that the relevant structural parts not mentioned in the battery unit 10 of this embodiment can refer to the various structures of the single cell structure in the fuel cell well known to those skilled in the art, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , an anode sealing gasket 15 is provided between the first electrode plate 11 and the membrane electrode assembly 13 , and a cathode sealing gasket 16 is provided between the second electrode plate 12 and the membrane electrode assembly 13 , which will not be described in detail herein.

[0064] The battery cell 10 of the present embodiment has a positioning protrusion 121 and a positioning groove 112 respectively provided on both sides of the battery cell 10, and a guiding structure is provided on the positioning protrusion 121 or in the positioning groove 112. When two adjacent battery cells 10 are stacked, the guiding structure can be used to guide the positioning protrusion 121 on one battery cell 10 to be inserted into the positioning groove 112 on the other battery cell 10. While achieving the positioning and stacking between the two adjacent battery cells 10, the relative movement between the two is restricted, so as to improve the alignment during the assembly process and operation of the battery stack, thereby avoiding problems such as poor power generation performance, short circuit, gas leakage and poor insulation of the fuel cell system product caused by the relative movement between the battery cells 10, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the fuel cell system.

[0065] Embodiment 2

[0066] This embodiment relates to a fuel cell stack, which includes the battery unit 10 in the first embodiment.

[0067] In addition, the present embodiment also relates to a fuel cell system, which includes the above-mentioned fuel cell stack. At the same time, the present embodiment also relates to a vehicle, in which the above-mentioned fuel cell system is provided.

[0068] The fuel cell stack, fuel cell system and vehicle of this embodiment, by providing the battery unit 10 in the first embodiment, is conducive to improving the alignment during the stack assembly process and operation, thereby avoiding problems such as poor power generation performance, short circuit, gas leakage and poor insulation in the fuel cell system product due to relative movement between the battery units 10, thereby having better product quality and market competitiveness.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery unit (10), characterized in that: It comprises a first electrode plate (11) and a second electrode plate (12), and a membrane electrode assembly (13) arranged between the first electrode plate (11) and the second electrode plate (12); The first electrode plate (11) is an anode plate, and the second electrode plate (12) is a cathode plate, or the first electrode plate (11) is a cathode plate, and the second electrode plate (12) is an anode plate; The second pole plate (12) is provided with a positioning portion, the first pole plate (11) is provided with a positioning matching portion, and a guiding structure is provided on the positioning portion and / or on the positioning matching portion.

2. The battery unit (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning portion comprises a positioning protrusion (121) provided on the second electrode plate (12), the positioning matching portion comprises a positioning groove (112) provided on the first electrode plate (11), and the guiding structure comprises a guiding inclined surface (1211) provided on the side of the positioning protrusion (121).

3. The battery unit (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first electrode plate (11) is provided with two limiting protrusions (111), and the positioning groove (112) is formed between the two limiting protrusions (111); and / or, The positioning protrusion (121) is integrally formed on the second pole plate (12).

4. The battery unit (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning protrusions (121) and the positioning grooves (112) are both multiple and are arranged at intervals on the battery unit (10).

5. The battery unit (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning protrusion (121) is in the shape of a wave, a truncated cone, a triangular prism or a quadrangular prism, and the positioning groove (112) is adapted to be arranged on the positioning protrusion (121).

6. The battery unit (10) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The angle α between the guiding inclined surface (1211) and the second electrode plate (12) satisfies: α=arctan(h1 / d); wherein h1 is the height of the positioning protrusion (121), and d is the projection length of the guiding inclined surface (1211) in the stacking direction of the battery stack.

7. The battery unit (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sealing member (14) is provided on one side of the battery unit (10), and the sealing member (14) is used to seal a cooling water cavity formed between two adjacent battery units (10); In the stacking direction of the battery stack, a height h1 of the positioning protrusion (121) is not greater than a height h2 of the sealing member (14).

8. A fuel cell stack, characterized in that: The fuel cell stack comprises the battery unit (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: Comprising the fuel cell stack as described in claim 8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle is provided with the fuel cell system according to claim 9.

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