Cutting nozzle and vertical water cutting head using same

Abstract

The utility model relates to a cutting nozzle and a vertical water cutting head using the same, the nozzle comprises a nozzle body, the nozzle body is respectively provided with a first cavity, a second cavity, a third cavity and a fourth cavity, the first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity and the fourth cavity are respectively used for mounting a sand supply guide pipe, a high-pressure water inlet pipe, a water nozzle and a sand pipe nozzle, the projection of the central axis of the second cavity to a vertical projection plane intersects with the projection of the central axis of the fourth cavity to the vertical projection plane, and the fourth cavity penetrates through the outer surface of the spray head body; the utility model has the advantages that: the high-pressure water inlet pipe and the sand guide pipe are vertically arranged on the spray head body instead of the traditional mode of arranging along the axis direction of the spray head body, so that the length of the cutting head in the axis direction can be reduced, and the cutting head can extend into a smaller drill hole more easily; and therefore, ores or rocks between the two drill holes can be cut, the subsequent shield tunneling machine can rapidly crush the rocks conveniently, and the working efficiency of the shield tunneling machine is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of high-pressure water jet cutting equipment, and in particular relates to a cutting nozzle and a vertical water cutting head using the nozzle. Background Art

[0002] Waterjet cutting, also known as water jet cutting, is a high-pressure water jet cutting technology. It is a machine that uses high-pressure water jet cutting. Under the control of a computer, it can carve workpieces at will, and is less affected by the texture of the material. Because of its low cost, easy operation, and high yield rate, waterjet cutting is gradually becoming the mainstream cutting method in industrial cutting technology; according to the sand adding situation: waterjet cutting is divided into two methods: sandless cutting and sand adding cutting.

[0003] At present, in the process of tunnel excavation, in order to facilitate the subsequent rock crushing of the shield machine, a certain number of rock holes are generally drilled in the rock mass horizontally, and then the cutting head is inserted into the borehole. The cutting head cuts off the rock mass between every two boreholes. However, the jet direction of the cutting head of the current water cutting equipment is the same as the axial direction of the cutting head. For example, the Chinese patent document CN204673484U discloses a diamond cutting head for abrasive water cutting, including a high-pressure water input connector, a nozzle body, a diamond crystal, a sand mixing chamber, a sand delivery pipe connector, and a beam blasting pipe. In actual construction, the size of the hole drilled downward is relatively small, and the high-pressure water input connector and the beam blasting pipe on the above-mentioned cutting head are both arranged along the axial direction of the nozzle body, resulting in a relatively long overall size of the cutting head, which makes it inconvenient to insert into the borehole to cut the rock body perpendicular to the axial direction of the rock hole. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to facilitate the problem of inserting into the drill hole to cut the rock, the utility model provides a cutting nozzle, and the specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] A cutting nozzle comprises a nozzle body, on which a first cavity, a second cavity, a third cavity and a fourth cavity are respectively provided, wherein the first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity and the fourth cavity are respectively used for installing a sand supply conduit, a high-pressure water inlet pipe, a water nozzle and a sand pipe nozzle, wherein a projection of a central axis of the second cavity onto a vertical projection plane intersects with a projection of a central axis of the fourth cavity onto the vertical projection plane, and the fourth cavity runs through the outer surface of the nozzle body.

[0006] The sand guide tube, high-pressure water inlet pipe, water nozzle and sand tube nozzle are respectively installed in the first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity and the fourth cavity. Since the projection of the central axis of the second cavity to the vertical projection plane intersects with the projection of the central axis of the fourth cavity to the vertical projection plane, instead of the traditional arrangement along the axial direction of the nozzle body, the length of the cutting head in the axial direction can be reduced, making it easier to extend into a smaller borehole and realize the cutting of the rock mass on the side wall of the borehole.

[0007] Specifically, the angle between the projection of the central axis of the second cavity onto the vertical projection plane and the projection of the central axis of the fourth cavity onto the vertical projection plane is 90°. Setting it to 90 degrees can minimize the axial dimension of the cutting head, which is conducive to inserting into a smaller borehole.

[0008] In a specific feasible implementation scheme, the nozzle body is provided with a fifth cavity connected with the third cavity, the water nozzle is provided with a sealing groove, the sealing groove is used for inserting a sealing ball, one side of the sealing groove is connected with the fifth cavity, and the other side is connected with the water injection channel, and the fifth cavity is provided with a sealing part for pressing the sealing ball against the wall of the sealing groove.

[0009] During installation, the water nozzle is first installed in the third cavity, and then the sealing ball is inserted into the sealing groove, and finally the sealing piece is used to fix it, so that the water nozzle can be fixed.

[0010] In a specific implementation scheme, the first cavity includes a cavity 1 where the sand supply conduit is installed and a sand material channel for the sand material to flow, and the sand material channel is connected to the through hole. The projection of the axis of the cavity 1 to the vertical projection plane is parallel to the projection of the axis of the high-pressure water inlet pipe to the vertical projection plane. The sand material channel includes a first channel, a second channel and a third channel;

[0011] The axis of the first channel is collinear with the axis of cavity one, the axis of the third channel is collinear with the axis of the through hole, the projection of the axis of the first channel to the vertical projection plane and the projection of the axis of the third channel to the vertical projection plane are parallel, and the projection of the axis of the second channel to the vertical projection plane is perpendicular to the projections of the axes of the first channel and the third channel to the vertical projection plane.

[0012] Since the projection of the axis of cavity one onto the vertical projection plane is parallel to the projection of the axis of the high-pressure water inlet pipe onto the vertical projection plane, the sand guide tube can be vertically installed on the nozzle body, thereby further reducing the size of the cutting head and facilitating insertion into a smaller borehole.

[0013] The sand material is transmitted through the first channel, the second channel and the third channel, which can reduce the difficulty of processing and reduce the cost.

[0014] The utility model also provides a cutting nozzle using the above nozzle, and the specific technical scheme is as follows: it includes a high-pressure water inlet pipe, a sand pipe, a sand pipe nozzle, and also includes a water nozzle and the above nozzle body, the sand pipe nozzle is provided with a through hole connected to the first cavity, the sand pipe nozzle is provided with a sand mixing chamber connected to the through hole, the sand mixing chamber is connected to the inner tube of the sand pipe nozzle, and the sand material is output from the sand pipe and enters the sand mixing chamber along the first cavity and the through hole;

[0015] The water nozzle is provided with a water inlet hole connected to the high-pressure water inlet pipe, and the water nozzle is provided with a water injection channel connected to the sand mixing chamber. After the high-pressure water is sprayed out from the high-pressure water inlet pipe, it flows along the water inlet hole and the water injection channel into the sand mixing chamber, and the sand and the high-pressure water are sprayed out from the sand pipe nozzle.

[0016] When it is necessary to cut the rock between two boreholes, the sand pipe nozzle is aimed at the rock, and high-pressure water enters the sand mixing chamber along the high-pressure water inlet pipe, the water inlet hole and the water injection channel. The abrasive enters the sand mixing chamber along the sand guide pipe, the sand channel and the through hole, and the high-pressure water is mixed with the sand. Finally, the high-pressure water mixed with the sand is ejected from the sand pipe nozzle, thereby achieving rock cutting.

[0017] In a specific possible implementation scheme, the water injection channel includes a high-pressure static pressure chamber and an injection channel, one side of the high-pressure static pressure chamber is connected to the water inlet hole and the other side is connected to the injection channel, the injection channel is connected to the sand mixing chamber, and the inner diameter of the injection channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the high-pressure static pressure chamber.

[0018] When high-pressure water enters the high-pressure static pressure chamber through the water inlet hole, the diameter of the jet channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the high-pressure static pressure chamber, and the volume of the high-pressure static pressure chamber is relatively large, water can accumulate here and form a higher static pressure. Subsequently, when water flows from the high-pressure static pressure chamber into the jet channel with a smaller inner diameter, the water flow rate will increase due to the reduction in cross-sectional area, and the static pressure will be converted into dynamic pressure, forming a high-speed water flow, which can generate a stronger cutting force after mixing with the abrasive.

[0019] In a specific possible implementation scheme, the sand mixing chamber is conical, and the water nozzle is provided with a protrusion that matches the sand mixing chamber. A positioning cone groove is provided on the side of the water inlet hole close to the high-pressure water inlet pipe, and the end of the high-pressure water inlet pipe is inserted into the positioning cone groove and fits with the positioning cone groove.

[0020] When high-pressure water is ejected from the jet channel into the sand mixing chamber, due to the conical shape of the sand mixing chamber, the water flow will be guided and dispersed, forming a wider contact area with the sand, thereby improving the mixing efficiency of the sand and water.

[0021] Inserting the protrusion into the conical sand mixing chamber and inserting the end of the high-pressure water inlet pipe into the positioning cone groove can, on the one hand, enhance the compactness of the overall structure and further reduce the size of the cutting head to facilitate insertion into the drill hole; on the other hand, it can improve the installation stability between the water nozzle and the sand pipe nozzle, and between the high-pressure water inlet pipe and the water nozzle.

[0022] In a specific possible implementation manner, a positioning pin hole is provided on the water nozzle, and a positioning hole communicating with the positioning pin hole is provided on the nozzle body.

[0023] Insert the positioning pin into the positioning pin hole along the positioning hole, so that the water nozzle can be fixed.

[0024] The utility model has the following beneficial technical effects: since the high-pressure water inlet pipe and the sand guide tube are both vertically mounted on the nozzle body, instead of being arranged along the axial direction of the nozzle body in the traditional manner, the length of the cutting head in the axial direction can be reduced, making it easier to extend into a smaller borehole, thereby being able to cut the ore or rock between the two boreholes, making it convenient for the subsequent shield machine to quickly crush the rock and improving the working efficiency of the shield machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the water jet cutting head in this embodiment.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional stereogram of the nozzle body in this embodiment.

[0027] Figure 3 2 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle body in this embodiment.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a manifestation Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0029] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Nozzle body; 2. High-pressure water inlet pipe; 3. Sand guide tube; 4. Water nozzle; 5. Sand tube nozzle; 6. First cavity; 7. Second cavity; 8. Third cavity; 9. Fourth cavity; 10. Through hole; 11. Sand mixing chamber; 12. Water inlet hole; 13. Fifth cavity; 14. Sealing groove; 15. Sealing ball; 16. Sealing piece; 17. High-pressure static pressure chamber; 18. Injection channel; 19. Protrusion; 20. Positioning pin hole; 21. Positioning hole; 22. Positioning cone groove; 23. Cavity one; 24. First channel; 25. Second channel; 26. Third channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 The utility model is described in further detail.

[0031] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 A vertical water cutting head comprises a nozzle body 1, a high-pressure water inlet pipe 2, a sand pipe 3, a water nozzle 4 and a sand pipe nozzle 5.

[0032] The nozzle body 1 is provided with a first cavity 6, a second cavity 7, a third cavity 8 and a fourth cavity 9, which are respectively used for installing the sand supply conduit 3, the high-pressure water inlet pipe 2, the water nozzle 4 and the sand pipe nozzle 5. The fourth cavity 9 runs through the outer surface of the nozzle body 1, and is used for high-pressure water to carry sand and spray out to cut rocks. The axis of the high-pressure water inlet pipe 2 is naturally collinear with the axis of the second cavity 7, and the axis of the sand pipe nozzle 5 is naturally collinear with the axis of the fourth cavity 9.

[0033] The projection of the central axis of the second cavity 7 onto the vertical projection plane intersects with the projection of the central axis of the fourth cavity 9 onto the vertical projection plane. In the present embodiment, the angle between the projection of the central axis of the second cavity 7 onto the vertical projection plane and the projection of the central axis of the fourth cavity 9 onto the vertical projection plane is 90°. In other embodiments, the angle between the projection of the central axis of the second cavity 7 onto the vertical projection plane and the projection of the central axis of the fourth cavity 9 onto the vertical projection plane can be an acute angle or an obtuse angle, and does not include the case where the two projections are collinear.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 The first cavity 6 includes a cavity 23 where the sand supply conduit 3 is installed and a sand material channel for the sand material to flow. The inner diameter of the cavity 23 is larger than the inner diameter of the sand material channel. The projection of the axis of the cavity 23 to the vertical projection plane is parallel to the projection of the axis of the second cavity 7 to the vertical projection plane. In other embodiments, the two projections may also intersect. The sand guide tube 3 is installed in the cavity 23, and the axis of the sand guide tube 3 is naturally collinear with the axis of the cavity 23.

[0035] The sand material channel includes a first channel 24, a second channel 25 and a third channel 26; the axis of the first channel 24 is colinear with the axis of the cavity 23, and the projection of the axis of the first channel 24 to the vertical projection plane is parallel to the projection of the central axis of the second cavity 7 to the vertical projection plane. In other embodiments, the two projections may also intersect. The projection of the axis of the first channel 24 to the vertical projection plane is parallel to the projection of the axis of the third channel 26 to the vertical projection plane. In other embodiments, the two projections may also intersect. The projection of the axis of the second channel 25 to the vertical projection plane intersects with the projections of the axes of the first channel 24 and the third channel 26 to the vertical projection plane. In this embodiment, the two projections are perpendicular to each other. The first channel 24 and the third channel 26 are both blocked at the opening of the nozzle body 1 with blocking screws.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The sand tube nozzle 5 is located in the fourth cavity 9. The sand tube nozzle 5 is provided with a through hole 10 connected to the third channel 26. The axis of the third channel 26 is collinear with the axis of the through hole 10. The axis of the third channel 26 is collinear with the axis of the through hole 10. The sand tube nozzle 5 is provided with a sand mixing chamber 11 connected to the through hole 10. The sand mixing chamber 11 is connected to the inner tube of the sand tube nozzle 5. The sand mixing chamber 11 is conical. The sand enters from the sand guide tube 3 and enters the sand mixing chamber 11 along the first channel 24, the second channel 25, the third channel 26 and the through hole 10. The sand tube nozzle 5 includes a head and a tube. The outer diameter of the head is larger than the outer diameter of the tube. The fourth cavity 9 is provided with a step surface matched with the sand tube nozzle 5 to facilitate the positioning of the sand tube nozzle 5.

[0037] Reference Figure 3-4The water nozzle 4 is provided with a water inlet hole 12 connected with the high-pressure water inlet pipe 2, and a positioning cone groove 22 is provided on the side of the water inlet hole 12 close to the high-pressure water inlet pipe 2. The end of the high-pressure water inlet pipe 2 is inserted into the positioning cone groove 22 and fits with the positioning cone groove 22; the water nozzle 4 is provided with a water injection channel connected with the sand mixing chamber 11, and the end of the water nozzle 4 is provided with a protrusion 19 matched with the sand mixing chamber 11, and the tail end of the sand pipe nozzle 5 abuts against the outer end surface of the water nozzle 4. The water nozzle 4 is provided with a positioning pin hole 20, and the nozzle body 1 is provided with a positioning hole 21 connected with the positioning pin hole 20.

[0038] The water injection channel includes a high-pressure static pressure chamber 17 and an injection channel 18. One side of the high-pressure static pressure chamber 17 is connected to the water inlet 12 and the other side is connected to the injection channel 18. The injection channel 18 is connected to the sand mixing chamber 11. The inner diameter of the injection channel 18 is smaller than the inner diameter of the high-pressure static pressure chamber 17. The inner diameter of the injection channel 18 is smaller than the diameter of the sand pipe nozzle 5. In the embodiment, a sapphire crystal is provided in the water nozzle 4 and located at the high-pressure static pressure chamber 17.

[0039] After being ejected from the high-pressure water inlet pipe 2 , the high-pressure water flows along the water inlet hole 12 , the high-pressure static pressure chamber 17 and the ejection channel 18 into the sand mixing chamber 11 , and the sand and the high-pressure water are ejected from the sand pipe nozzle 5 .

[0040] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 A fifth cavity 13 connected to the third cavity 8 is provided on the nozzle body 1, and a sealing groove 14 is provided on the water nozzle 4. The sealing groove 14 is used for inserting a sealing ball 15. The sealing ball 15 is specifically a sealing steel ball. One side of the sealing groove 14 is connected to the fifth cavity 13, and the other side is connected to the water injection channel. A sealing member 16 for pressing the sealing ball 15 against the groove wall of the sealing groove 14 is provided on the fifth cavity 13. In the present embodiment, the sealing member 16 can be a bolt. In other embodiments, a magnetic sealing member 16 or a pin can also be used.

[0041] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A cutting nozzle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a nozzle body (1), wherein the nozzle body (1) is respectively provided with a first cavity (6), a second cavity (7), a third cavity (8) and a fourth cavity (9), wherein the first cavity (6), the second cavity (7), the third cavity (8) and the fourth cavity (9) are respectively used for installing a sand supply conduit (3), a high-pressure water inlet pipe (2), a water nozzle (4) and a sand pipe nozzle (5), wherein the projection of the central axis of the second cavity (7) onto the vertical projection plane intersects with the projection of the central axis of the fourth cavity (9) onto the vertical projection plane, and the fourth cavity (9) passes through the outer surface of the nozzle body (1).

2. A cutting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the projection of the central axis of the second cavity (7) onto the vertical projection plane and the projection of the central axis of the fourth cavity (9) onto the vertical projection plane is 90°.

3. A cutting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle body (1) is provided with a fifth cavity (13) connected to the third cavity (8); the water nozzle (4) is provided with a blocking groove (14); the blocking groove (14) is used for inserting a blocking ball (15); one side of the blocking groove (14) is connected to the fifth cavity (13) and the other side is connected to the water injection channel; the fifth cavity (13) is provided with a blocking member (16) for pressing the blocking ball (15) against the wall of the blocking groove (14).

4. A cutting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cavity (6) comprises a cavity 1 (23) in which the sand supply conduit (3) is installed and a sand material channel for the sand material to flow, and the sand material channel is connected to the through hole (10).

5. A cutting nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The projection of the axis of the cavity 1 (23) onto the vertical projection plane is parallel to the projection of the axis of the high-pressure water inlet pipe (2) onto the vertical projection plane.

6. A cutting nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sand material channel comprises a first channel (24), a second channel (25) and a third channel (26); The axis of the first channel (24) is collinear with the axis of the cavity (23), the axis of the third channel (26) is collinear with the axis of the through hole (10), the projection of the axis of the first channel (24) onto the vertical projection plane and the projection of the axis of the third channel (26) onto the vertical projection plane are parallel, and the projection of the axis of the second channel (25) onto the vertical projection plane is perpendicular to the projections of the axes of the first channel (24) and the third channel (26) onto the vertical projection plane.

7. A vertical water jet cutting head, comprising a high-pressure water inlet pipe (2), a sand guide pipe (3), and a sand pipe nozzle (5), characterized in that: It also comprises a water nozzle (4) and a nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sand tube nozzle (5) is provided with a through hole (10) connected to the first cavity (6), the sand tube nozzle (5) is provided with a sand mixing chamber (11) connected to the through hole (10), the sand mixing chamber (11) is connected to the inner tube of the sand tube nozzle (5), and the sand is output from the sand guide tube (3) and enters the sand mixing chamber (11) along the first cavity (6) and the through hole (10); The water nozzle (4) is provided with a water inlet hole (12) connected to the high-pressure water inlet pipe (2), and the water nozzle (4) is provided with a water injection channel connected to the sand mixing chamber (11). After high-pressure water is ejected from the high-pressure water inlet pipe (2), it flows along the water inlet hole (12) and the water injection channel into the sand mixing chamber (11), and the sand material and the high-pressure water are ejected from the sand pipe nozzle (5).

8. A vertical water jet cutting head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water injection channel comprises a high-pressure static pressure chamber (17) and an injection channel (18); one side of the high-pressure static pressure chamber (17) is connected to the water inlet hole (12) and the other side is connected to the injection channel (18); the injection channel (18) is connected to the sand mixing chamber (11); and the inner diameter of the injection channel (18) is smaller than the inner diameter of the high-pressure static pressure chamber (17).

9. A vertical water jet cutting head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sand mixing chamber (11) is in a cone shape, and the water nozzle (4) is provided with a protrusion (19) that matches the sand mixing chamber (11).

10. A vertical water jet cutting head according to claim 7, characterized in that: A positioning cone groove (22) is provided on one side of the water inlet hole (12) close to the high-pressure water inlet pipe (2), and the end of the high-pressure water inlet pipe (2) is inserted into the positioning cone groove (22) and fits in the positioning cone groove (22).

Images