Mine water regimen and water disaster real-time monitoring system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of mine hydrological information monitoring, and particularly relates to a mine water regimen and water disaster real-time monitoring system which comprises an underground hydrological monitoring system and a ground control system. The underground hydrologic monitoring system comprises a distributed fiber bragg grating sensor network, a fiber bragg grating demodulator host, a fiber bragg grating demodulator standby machine, a main and standby change-over switch, an optical path change-over switch and an Ethernet switch. The distributed fiber bragg grating sensor network is connected with the main and standby change-over switch through the optical path change-over switch, the main and standby change-over switch is connected with the fiber bragg grating demodulator host and the fiber bragg grating demodulator standby, and the fiber bragg grating demodulator host and the fiber bragg grating demodulator standby are connected with the ground control system through the Ethernet switch. According to the utility model, the optical path change-over switch is arranged to change over optical fiber transmission paths; and meanwhile, a main and standby change-over switch is introduced to realize a main machine hot standby function of the fiber grating demodulator, so that the stability of the monitoring system in a complex working environment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of mine hydrological information monitoring, and in particular relates to a real-time monitoring system for water conditions and water hazards in mines. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background technical information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The coal industry is the main basic industry of the national economy. However, coal mining enterprises that rely on coal resources are facing very serious production safety problems due to the special conditions of mine resource endowment, the continuous extension of tunneling and the increase in mining depth. Mine water hazards, one of the three major mine disasters, are the main source of danger for mine safety production and a major hidden danger for mine accidents. At present, the existing hydrological monitoring system is based on electrical sensors or optical fiber sensors to collect data from various locations and types of data, such as temperature, humidity, pressure and other information.

[0004] However, when using electrical sensors to collect data, they are easily interfered by signals, which makes it difficult for the collected data to objectively, timely and accurately reflect the dynamic changes of the water conditions in the entire mine. Moreover, if electrical sensors are used in a mine environment, they need good explosion-proof properties, but there is still the possibility of causing a fire.

[0005] Fiber optic sensors are resistant to electromagnetic and radiation interference and are more accurate and sensitive than electrical sensors. However, fiber optic sensors are generally deployed on coal mining faces or on the inner walls of tunnels. Considering the complexity of the working scenario of the monitoring system, once a measurement point failure or demodulation failure occurs, data collection or data processing will be interrupted. Moreover, in the process of suspending monitoring to troubleshoot, there will also be data loss caused by the interruption of monitoring data, resulting in low reliability of the monitoring system. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a real-time monitoring system for water conditions and water hazards in mines.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, one or more embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0008] The first aspect of the utility model provides a real-time monitoring system for water conditions and water hazards in a mine, comprising: an underground hydrological monitoring system and an above-ground control system;

[0009] The downhole hydrological monitoring system comprises: a distributed fiber Bragg grating sensor network, a fiber Bragg grating demodulator host, a fiber Bragg grating demodulator standby machine, a master-slave switch, and an optical path switch Ethernet switch; the distributed fiber Bragg grating sensor network is connected to the master-slave switch via the optical path switch.

[0010] The main and standby switching switch connects the fiber grating demodulator host and the fiber grating demodulator standby machine, and the fiber grating demodulator host and the fiber grating demodulator standby machine are connected to the well control system through an Ethernet switch.

[0011] One or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0012] (1) The utility model switches the optical fiber transmission path by setting an optical path switching switch, thereby ensuring that when a certain measuring point in the sensor circuit fails, a circuit consisting of more sensors can still be connected to the fiber optic Bragg grating demodulator; at the same time, a master-slave switching switch is introduced to realize the host hot standby function of the fiber optic Bragg grating demodulator, which can intelligently switch the demodulation path when a signal demodulation failure occurs in the system; the problem of data collection and data demodulation caused by a sensor failure at a measuring point and a signal demodulation failure in the monitoring system is solved, thereby improving the stability of the monitoring system in a complex working environment.

[0013] (2) The distributed fiber grating sensor network in the utility model is composed of multiple fiber grating sensor arrays of different types. By setting up multiple groups of fiber optic water level sensors, multiple groups of fiber optic pressure sensors, and multiple groups of fiber optic temperature sensors, it can realize simultaneous monitoring of multiple points and multiple parameters, and can quickly obtain the hydrological conditions of the coal mining face in the mine, including the temperature, water pressure and water level data of the coal mining face in the mine, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of water conditions and water hazards in the mine; moreover, since the fiber grating sensor is corrosion-resistant, has strong anti-interference ability and high safety, it can improve the accuracy and stability of the acquisition system.

[0014] (3) In the utility model, the surface control system and the underground control system are connected through an industrial ring network and RS485 communication. The underground control system summarizes and transmits the collected data to the surface control system. The surface control system realizes the aggregation, storage, analysis and timely warning of various sensor information, thereby achieving the purpose of real-time online monitoring of mine water conditions and water hazards.

[0015] (4) The well control system of the utility model has a dual-machine hot standby function, which realizes automatic switching of fault status. That is, after the working host fails, the standby host immediately starts working normally to ensure uninterrupted operation of the system.

[0016] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be partially given in the following description, and partially become apparent from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a real-time monitoring system for water conditions and water hazards in a mine according to Example 1.

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the power module of Example 1.

[0020] Figure 3 (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams of the installation structures of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor of Example 1, respectively. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Embodiment 1

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model proposes a real-time monitoring system for water conditions and water hazards in a mine, comprising: an underground hydrological monitoring system installed inside the mine and an above-ground control system installed on the ground;

[0024] The underground hydrological monitoring system includes: a distributed fiber Bragg grating sensor network, a fiber Bragg grating demodulator host, a fiber Bragg grating demodulator standby machine, a main and standby switching switch, an optical path switching switch Ethernet switch;

[0025] The distributed fiber Bragg grating sensor network is connected to the main and standby switching switches through the optical path switching switches, the main and standby switching switches are connected to the fiber Bragg grating demodulator host and the fiber Bragg grating demodulator standby machines, and the fiber Bragg grating demodulator host and the fiber Bragg grating demodulator standby machines are connected to the well control system through the Ethernet switch.

[0026] The utility model sets an optical path switching switch, thereby realizing that when a sensor at a certain measuring point in a distributed fiber optic Bragg grating sensor network fails, the optical fiber transmission path can be switched to ensure that more sensor loops are connected to the fiber optic Bragg grating demodulator; at the same time, a main-standby switching switch is introduced to realize the host hot standby function of the fiber optic Bragg grating demodulator, which can intelligently switch when a signal demodulation failure occurs in the system, so as to realize uninterrupted collection of monitoring data and maintain the stability of the system.

[0027] As a further technical solution, the distributed fiber Bragg grating sensor network includes a fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor array, a fiber Bragg grating water level sensor array and a fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor array; the optical path switching switch includes a first optical path switching switch, a second optical path switching switch and a third optical path switching switch;

[0028] The two ends of the fiber grating pressure sensor array, the fiber grating water level sensor array and the fiber grating temperature sensor array are respectively connected to the first optical path switching switch, the second optical path switching switch and the third optical path switching switch; the first optical path switching switch, the second optical path switching switch and the third optical path switching switch are connected in parallel to the main and standby switching switches.

[0029] The optical path switching switch is a 1x2 single-mode optical switch, and the main and standby switching switch is a 1x3 single-mode optical switch; an optical switch is an optical device with one or more optional transmission ports, and its function is to physically switch or logically operate the optical signal in the optical transmission line or integrated optical path. The utility model realizes the connection of one end of the sensor array to the fiber grating demodulator and the switching of the main and standby fiber grating demodulators by setting the optical path switching switch and the main and standby switching switch, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the system operation.

[0030] The optical path switching switch and the main and standby switching switch are both controlled by a single-chip microcomputer, which communicates with the uphole control system through an Ethernet switch, receives the switching signal output by the uphole control system, and converts the output level signal to control the switching action.

[0031] The communication interface of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the Ethernet switch, and the output IO port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the control port of the optical switch; the models of the single-chip microcomputer and the optical switch can be selected according to needs, and the switching control logic of the optical switch is existing technology and will not be repeated here.

[0032] As a further technical solution, each sensor array includes multiple sensor branches connected in parallel, each sensor branch is composed of multiple fiber grating sensor fibers connected in series, and the central wavelengths of the multiple fiber grating sensors connected in series are different.

[0033] In the utility model, sensors of the same type arranged on the same water detection pipeline are grouped together. By arranging multiple groups of optical fiber water level sensors, multiple groups of optical fiber pressure sensors, and multiple groups of optical fiber temperature sensors, simultaneous monitoring of multiple points and multiple parameters can be achieved. Comprehensive data conditions in the mine can be quickly acquired, and various parameter data at the same moment can be timely grasped. The dynamic changes of the water conditions in the mine are objectively reflected, the accuracy and real-time performance of water conditions and water hazard monitoring are improved, and real-time monitoring of water conditions and water hazards in the mine can be achieved.

[0034] In addition, multiple grating sensors in the fiber Bragg grating sensor branch are connected in series, and the series connection can combine multiple grating sensors into a more accurate and reliable measurement system. One of the characteristics of Bragg grating (FBG) technology is the inherent multiplexing capability. Fiber optic sensors have specific and different Bragg wavelengths, so multiple sensors can be cascaded on a signal transmission fiber to achieve multi-sensor or multi-parameter measurement.

[0035] In this embodiment, the central wavelengths of the multiple fiber gratings connected in series on each sensor branch are different from each other, and the wavelength interval between them is not less than 3nm. In addition, the wavelength ranges of the connected N groups of sensors are different from each other, and the wavelength interval between the long wavelength of the previous group and the short wavelength of the next group is not less than 6nm.

[0036] As a further technical solution, the model of the fiber Bragg grating demodulator is the YGSJ-12 (C) mining intrinsically safe fiber Bragg grating demodulator; the fiber Bragg grating demodulator uses optical signals for measurement and transmission, realizing non-electrical detection at the measurement site. Its parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0037] Table 1 Parameters of fiber Bragg grating demodulator

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] The monitoring points of the fiber grating pressure sensor and the fiber grating water level sensor are mainly concentrated in the middle of the coal mining face of the mine. The monitoring points on the water detection pipeline are threadedly connected to the sensor through a standard conversion joint.

[0041] The model of the fiber grating water level sensor is: GSWG100 / 100 fiber grating water level sensor. Its principle is: when the water level changes, the elastic diaphragm at the bottom of the sensor is subjected to pressure changes, and different pressures cause different deformations of the sensor diaphragm. Through the transmission mechanism, the deformation of the elastic diaphragm is converted into the deformation of the fiber grating, and finally into the change of the light wavelength. As long as the relationship between the change of light wavelength and the change of water level is measured, the water level can be measured in real time through the change of light characteristic parameters.

[0042] The fiber grating pressure sensor model is: GYLG60 mining fiber grating pressure sensor, which has temperature compensation function, the measurement result is not affected by temperature, and has good stability and reliability. The measurement principle is: Fiber Bragg grating 1 and fiber Bragg grating 2 are fixed on the cantilever beam structure along the central axis. The sensing shrapnel deforms under the measured pressure, and the fiber Bragg grating will also produce strain. The wavelength drift direction of the two fiber Bragg gratings caused by temperature changes is the same. The difference in wavelength change of the two fiber Bragg gratings is used as the pressure measurement signal, which not only improves the pressure sensitivity, but also the pressure measurement result is not affected by temperature changes. This type of fiber grating pressure sensor has a low natural frequency and is suitable for measuring the static pressure of gas or liquid.

[0043] The measurement principle of the fiber grating temperature sensor is: the fiber grating element converts the temperature of the measured location into an optical output signal, which is transmitted to the fiber grating demodulator for analysis. Compared with traditional electrical temperature sensors, the fiber grating temperature sensor has its unique advantages. It uses the change in the fiber grating wavelength to measure the temperature value. It has high sensitivity, is not affected by electromagnetic interference, has good electrical insulation, is corrosion-resistant, and has no electric sparks. It can measure temperature in flammable and explosive environments.

[0044] Fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and fiber Bragg grating water level sensor are installed in the lead-out style, and fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor is installed in the embedded style. Figure 3 As shown in (a) and (b);

[0045] The underground installation environment is, from top to bottom, an aquifer 1, a water-permeable layer 2, a waterproof layer 3, a concrete sealing hole 5, and a concrete sealing layer; a casing 6 is buried underground, and a fiber grating temperature sensor 8 is arranged in the casing 6, where the bottom end of the casing 6 is sealed; a fiber grating pressure sensor 9 is arranged on a lead-out pipe 7, and the lead-out pipe 7 is connected to the casing 6, where the casing 6 is connected to groundwater, and is used to lead groundwater into the lead-out pipe 7.

[0046] Take the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor as an example to explain its installation steps:

[0047] 1) An observation hole is opened at the monitoring point, and a UC tube with a diameter of 50mm, a wall thickness of 3mm, and a pressure bearing capacity of 20kg / C㎡ is placed into the observation hole. Small holes with a diameter of 10mm are opened at intervals at the bottom of the UC casing, and the interval between the small holes is 5cm. After the small holes are drilled, the lower end of the tube and the drilled section are sealed with cloth to prevent tailings from entering the observation hole and affecting the observation effect.

[0048] 2) Use a transmission rod to place the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor at the bottom of the observation hole, and place about 40 cm of mud or clay balls on it and tamp it with a probe rod to prevent the upper cement slurry from seeping in.

[0049] 3) The place where the optical fiber temperature sensor passes through the steel wire rope is clamped with a wire clip that matches the steel wire rope. The optical fiber in the tube should be loose and not subjected to stress; the optical fiber and the steel wire rope are wrapped together with tape or wire to prevent the optical cable from being damaged during grouting in the hole.

[0050] 4) Use the grouting pipe to inject cement slurry. The grouting pipe should be as close to the temperature sensor as possible so that the cement slurry can replace the drilling water to ensure that the cement slurry around the borehole is densely solidified.

[0051] As a further technical solution, the downhole hydrological monitoring system also includes a power supply module for supplying power to the fiber grating demodulator and the sensor.

[0052] The power module includes a mine-use flameproof and intrinsically safe power supply and an explosion-proof power switch. The explosion-proof power switch is connected to the mine-use flameproof and intrinsically safe power supply through an AC127V power line, and the output end of the flameproof power supply (12V power supply) is connected to the power input interface of the fiber grating demodulator. The network port of the fiber grating demodulator is connected to the existing communication network in the mine to transmit information to the ground monitoring room.

[0053] The underground hydrological monitoring system in the utility model is composed of a fiber grating demodulator, a fiber grating water level sensor, a fiber grating water pressure sensor, a fiber grating water temperature sensor, and a mine-use explosion-proof and intrinsically safe DC power supply, etc., which realizes the uninterrupted observation of water level, water pressure, and water temperature. The underground hydrological monitoring system uploads the data to the server main station in the ground control room, and finally provides real, accurate, and reliable data, which can provide first-hand and accurate information for the archiving of the hydrogeological conditions of the coal mine and the identification of water hazards.

[0054] As a further technical solution, the well control system includes a network switch, a display terminal, a system host, a system standby machine and a printer; the display terminal, the printer, the system host and the system standby machine are respectively connected to the network switch, and the network switch is connected to the Ethernet switch.

[0055] The system host or system standby machine receives the data transmitted by the underground hydrological monitoring system through the network switch. Software can be installed in the system host or system standby machine as needed to process the monitoring data according to actual needs. The display terminal is used to display the monitoring data according to actual needs; the printer is used to realize the printing function and can print various reports.

[0056] Although the above describes the specific implementation methods of the utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the utility model. Technical personnel in the relevant field should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the utility model, various modifications or deformations that can be made by technical personnel in this field without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring system for water conditions and water hazards in mines, characterized in that: include: Downhole hydrological monitoring system and uphole control system; The underground hydrological monitoring system comprises: a distributed fiber Bragg grating sensor network, a fiber Bragg grating demodulator host, a fiber Bragg grating demodulator standby machine, a main and standby switching switch, an optical path switching switch Ethernet switch; The distributed fiber grating sensor network is connected to the main and standby switching switches through the optical path switching switch. The main and standby switching switch connects the fiber grating demodulator host and the fiber grating demodulator standby machine, and the fiber grating demodulator host and the fiber grating demodulator standby machine are connected to the well control system through an Ethernet switch; The distributed fiber grating sensor network includes a fiber grating pressure sensor array, a fiber grating water level sensor array and a fiber grating temperature sensor array; the optical path switching switch includes a first optical path switching switch, a second optical path switching switch and a third optical path switching switch; The two ends of the fiber grating pressure sensor array, the fiber grating water level sensor array and the fiber grating temperature sensor array are respectively connected to the first optical path switching switch, the second optical path switching switch and the third optical path switching switch; the first optical path switching switch, the second optical path switching switch and the third optical path switching switch are connected in parallel to the main and standby switching switches.

2. A real-time monitoring system for water conditions and water hazards in a mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each sensor array includes multiple sensor branches connected in parallel, each sensor branch is composed of multiple fiber grating sensor fibers connected in series, and the central wavelengths of the multiple fiber grating sensors connected in series are different.

3. A real-time monitoring system for water conditions and water hazards in a mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main-standby switching switch and the optical path switching switch are both optical switches.

4. A mine water condition and water hazard real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distributed fiber grating sensor network is arranged on the coal mining face of a mine.

5. A mine water condition and water hazard real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The downhole hydrological monitoring system also includes a power supply module for supplying power to the fiber grating demodulator.

6. A mine water condition and water hazard real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model of the fiber grating demodulator is YGSJ-12 (C) intrinsically safe fiber grating demodulator for mining.

7. A mine water condition and water hazard real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber grating pressure sensor model is GYLG60 mining fiber grating pressure sensor; the fiber grating water level sensor model is GSWG100 / 90 fiber grating water level sensor.

8. A mine water condition and water hazard real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The well control system includes a network switch, a display terminal and a system host; The display terminal and the system host are connected to a network switch, and the network switch is connected to an Ethernet switch via an industrial ring network.

9. A mine water condition and water hazard real-time monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The well control system also includes a system standby machine, which is connected to a network switch.

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