Brake pad

Abstract

The utility model provides a brake pad which comprises a steel backing, a friction piece, a fixing piece and an elastic element, a plurality of counter bores and through holes are formed in the steel backing in the thickness direction of the steel backing, the elastic element is arranged in the counter bores of the steel backing, a spherical structure of the friction piece is installed on an inner hole of the elastic element, and a long rod structure of the friction piece penetrates through the through holes of the steel backing. The fixing piece and the friction piece are arranged on the two opposite sides of the steel backing, the fixing piece is connected with the installation end of the friction piece, and a plurality of steel backing heat dissipation through holes are formed in the side wall of the steel backing. The steel backing heat dissipation through holes are formed, the direction of the steel backing heat dissipation through holes is consistent with the advancing direction of a train, external air rapidly passes through the steel backing heat dissipation through holes in the braking process, heat generated by friction between the brake disc and a friction piece is rapidly transmitted and dissipated into the air, the surface temperature of the brake disc and the friction piece is reduced, and the surface thermal stress of the brake disc and the friction piece is reduced; and meanwhile, the service life of the brake disc and the service life of the brake pad are prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of high-speed train braking, and particularly relates to a brake pad. Background Art

[0002] High-speed EMUs have become the main means of transportation in China, and the operation safety of EMUs is particularly important. Brake pads are key execution components of the braking system of EMUs. By the friction between the brake pads and the brake discs, the kinetic energy of the EMUs is converted into frictional heat energy to achieve deceleration and parking, ensuring the safe operation of EMUs. With the continuous increase of the operation speed of EMUs, higher requirements are put forward for the structure of brake pads and friction materials.

[0003] At present, the brake pads mainly include non-dovetail floating structures, dovetail floating brake pads and dovetail non-floating structures. In the prior art, the friction blocks are usually arranged in groups and have gap channels such as annular and radial shapes to achieve ventilation and heat dissipation. However, in order to ensure an effective frictional area, there are great constraints on the gap arrangement of the friction blocks. Therefore, there is a problem that the ventilation and heat dissipation effects are not good, resulting in too high surface temperatures of the brake discs and the friction blocks of the brake pads. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that in the prior art, the ventilation and heat dissipation effects are not good, resulting in too high surface temperatures of the brake discs and the friction blocks of the brake pads.

[0005] For this reason, the utility model provides a brake pad, including:

[0006] A steel back, along its thickness direction, a plurality of through holes are provided on the steel back;

[0007] A plurality of friction members, the friction members include a long rod structure and a spherical structure connected to each other, and the long rod structure is arranged in the through holes on the steel back;

[0008] An elastic element, arranged in the counterbore of the steel back, and the spherical structure of the friction member is installed on the inner hole of the elastic element;

[0009] A fixing member, arranged on the opposite sides of the steel back with the friction member, and the fixing member is connected to the installation end of the friction member;

[0010] A plurality of steel back heat dissipation through holes are provided on the side wall of the steel back.

[0011] By arranging the steel back heat dissipation through holes, the direction of the steel back heat dissipation through holes is consistent with the advancing direction of the train. During the braking process, the outside air quickly passes through the steel back heat dissipation through holes, quickly transferring and dissipating the heat generated by the friction between the brake disc and the friction member into the air, reducing the surface temperatures of the brake disc and the friction member, reducing the surface thermal stress of the brake disc and the friction member, reducing the generation of brake disc cracks, and at the same time extending the service lives of the brake disc and the brake pad.

[0012] Optionally, the thickness of the middle part of the steel back is greater than that of the two ends of the steel back.

[0013] Optionally, the surface of the middle part of the steel back has a smooth transition to the surfaces of the two ends of the steel back.

[0014] Optionally, along the length direction of the steel back, the cross-section of the steel back is in an arc shape with a middle bulge.

[0015] Along the length direction of the steel back, the cross-section of the steel back is in an arc shape with a middle bulge, which can accelerate the air flow speed in the middle area, reduce the temperature in the middle area, and make the temperature in the middle area uniform with that on both sides.

[0016] Optionally, the heat dissipation through holes of the steel back are spiral.

[0017] Optionally, the heat dissipation through holes of the steel back include:

[0018] First heat dissipation through holes, which are arranged at intervals;

[0019] Second heat dissipation through holes, which are filled in the intervals of the first heat dissipation through holes;

[0020] Wherein, the aperture of the first heat dissipation through holes is larger than that of the second heat dissipation through holes.

[0021] Optionally, some of the first heat dissipation through holes are within the intervals of the friction members.

[0022] Optionally, a number of heat dissipation through holes are provided on the friction members, and the heat dissipation through holes on the friction members are arranged in the same direction as the heat dissipation through holes of the steel back.

[0023] In order to further enhance the ventilation and heat dissipation effect, a number of heat dissipation through holes are provided on the friction members, and the heat dissipation through holes on the friction members are arranged in the same direction as the heat dissipation through holes of the steel back. By providing the heat dissipation through holes on the friction members, the direction of the heat dissipation through holes on the friction members is consistent with the advancing direction of the train, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0024] Optionally, along the direction close to the steel back, the number of the heat dissipation through holes on the friction members gradually increases.

[0025] Optionally, the brake pad further includes an elastic element, which is arranged between the friction member and the steel back.

[0026] The brake pad provided by the present utility model has the following advantages:

[0027] 1. The present utility model provides a brake pad, which includes a steel back, a friction member, a fixing member, and an elastic element. The steel back is provided with a through hole along its thickness direction. The friction member includes a long rod structure and a spherical structure that are connected to each other. The long rod structure is inserted into the through hole on the steel back. The elastic element is arranged in the counterbore of the steel back. The spherical structure of the friction member is installed on the inner hole of the elastic element. The fixing member and the friction member are arranged on opposite sides of the steel back, and the fixing member is connected to the installation end of the friction member. Among them, a plurality of steel back heat dissipation through holes are provided on the side wall of the steel back.

[0028] For the brake pad with this structure, by setting the steel back heat dissipation through holes, and the direction of the steel back heat dissipation through holes is consistent with the advancing direction of the train. During the braking process, the outside air quickly passes through the steel back heat dissipation through holes, quickly transferring and dissipating the heat generated by the friction between the brake disc and the friction member into the air, reducing the surface temperature of the brake disc and the friction member, reducing the surface thermal stress of the brake disc and the friction member, reducing the generation of cracks on the brake disc, and at the same time extending the service life of the brake disc and the brake pad.

[0029] 2. The present utility model provides a brake pad, where the thickness of the middle part of the steel back is greater than that of the two ends of the steel back, and the surface of the middle part of the steel back is smoothly transitioned to the two ends of the steel back. Along the length direction of the steel back, the cross-section of the steel back is in an arc shape with a middle convex, which can accelerate the air flow speed in the middle area, reduce the temperature in the middle area, and make the temperature in the middle area uniform with that on both sides.

[0030] 3. The present utility model provides a brake pad. In order to further enhance the ventilation and heat dissipation effect, a plurality of friction member heat dissipation through holes are provided on the friction member, and the friction member heat dissipation through holes are arranged in the same direction as the steel back heat dissipation through holes. By setting the friction member heat dissipation through holes, and the direction of the friction member heat dissipation through holes is consistent with the advancing direction of the train, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0031] 4. The present utility model provides a brake pad. As the friction member wears, the same friction member needs to bear the same braking energy, which will cause the heat capacity of the friction body to increase. Therefore, along the direction close to the steel back, the number of friction member heat dissipation through holes gradually increases. Description of the Drawings

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 It is an axonometric view and a front view of the brake pad provided in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 2Schematic structural view of the steel back in the brake pad provided in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 Side view of the brake pad provided in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic structural view of the brake pad provided in the embodiment of the present utility model with steel back heat dissipation through holes opened;

[0037] Figure 5 Another schematic structural view of the brake pad provided in the embodiment of the present utility model with steel back heat dissipation through holes opened;

[0038] Figure 6 Yet another schematic structural view of the brake pad provided in the embodiment of the present utility model with steel back heat dissipation through holes opened;

[0039] Figure 7 Schematic structural view of the brake pad provided in the embodiment of the present utility model with steel back heat dissipation through holes and friction member heat dissipation through holes opened.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0041] 1 - steel back;

[0042] 2 - friction member;

[0043] 3 - fixing member;

[0044] 4 - elastic element;

[0045] 5 - steel back heat dissipation through hole;

[0046] 6 - friction member heat dissipation through hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] Next, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0048] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0049] Embodiment

[0050] This embodiment provides a brake pad, as Figures 1 to 7 shown, the brake pad includes a steel back 1, a friction member 2, a fixing member 3, and an elastic element 4.

[0051] In this embodiment, a through hole is provided in the steel back 1 along its thickness direction. The friction member 2 includes a long rod structure and a spherical structure connected to each other. The long rod structure is inserted into the through hole in the steel back 1. The elastic element 4 is arranged in the counterbore of the steel back 1. The spherical structure of the friction member 2 is installed on the inner hole of the elastic element 4. The fixing member 3 and the friction member 2 are arranged on opposite sides of the steel back 1, and the installation ends of the fixing member 3 and the friction member 2 are connected. Among them, the elastic element 4 can be a spring washer, and the fixing member 3 is a snap ring.

[0052] The above structure, as Figure 1 shown, the friction blocks are arranged in groups and have gap channels to achieve ventilation and heat dissipation. However, in order to ensure an effective friction area, there are greater constraints on the gap arrangement of the friction blocks, so there is a problem that the ventilation and heat dissipation effect is not good, resulting in too high surface temperatures of the brake disc and the friction blocks.

[0053] For this reason, as Figure 2 shown, a plurality of steel back heat dissipation through holes 5 are provided on the side wall of the steel back 1. Among them, the direction of the steel back heat dissipation through holes 5 is consistent with the advancing direction of the train, that is, the direction of the steel back heat dissipation through holes 5 is specifically arranged along the width direction or the length direction of the steel back 1, which is determined according to the installation position of the brake pad, as long as the direction of the steel back heat dissipation through holes 5 is ensured to be consistent with the advancing direction of the train.

[0054] By providing the steel back heat dissipation through holes 5 with the direction consistent with the advancing direction of the train, during the braking process, the outside air quickly passes through the steel back heat dissipation through holes 5, quickly transfers and dissipates the heat generated by the friction between the brake disc and the friction member 2 into the air, reduces the surface temperatures of the brake disc and the friction member 2, reduces the surface thermal stress of the brake disc and the friction member 2, reduces the generation of cracks in the brake disc, and at the same time extends the service life of the brake disc and the brake pad.

[0055] Specifically, Figures 5 to 7 in the structure shown, the steel back heat dissipation through holes 5 include first heat dissipation through holes and second heat dissipation through holes. The first heat dissipation through holes are arranged at intervals, the second heat dissipation through holes are filled in the intervals of the first heat dissipation through holes, and the aperture of the first heat dissipation through holes is larger than that of the second heat dissipation through holes. Further, the first heat dissipation through holes at the inner side of the edge of the steel back 1 are within the intervals of the friction members 2.

[0056] Preferably, in order to enhance the ventilation and heat dissipation effect, the steel back heat dissipation through holes 5 can be arranged in a spiral shape to increase the contact area between the cooling air and the steel back 1.

[0057] During the braking process, since the heat dissipation performance of the central area of the brake pad is poor and the temperature in the middle is the highest, when the brake pad material endures drastic temperature changes for a long time and causes an internal temperature gradient, thermal stress will be generated inside the material due to hindered contraction or expansion. When the thermal stress exceeds the material strength limit, phenomena such as cracks will occur.

[0058] For this reason, as Figure 3 shown, in order to reduce the temperature in the middle area, the thickness of the middle part of the steel back 1 is greater than the thickness of both ends of the steel back 1, and the surface of the middle part of the steel back 1 is smoothly transitioned to both ends of the steel back 1. Preferably, along the length direction of the steel back 1, the cross-section of the steel back 1 is in an arc shape with a middle bulge, which can accelerate the air flow speed in the middle area, reduce the temperature in the middle area, and make the temperature in the middle area uniform with that on both sides.

[0059] Preferably, as Figure 7 shown, in order to further enhance the ventilation and heat dissipation effect, a number of friction member heat dissipation through holes 6 are provided on the friction members 2, and the friction member heat dissipation through holes 6 are arranged in the same direction as the steel back heat dissipation through holes 5. By providing the friction member heat dissipation through holes 6, the direction of the friction member heat dissipation through holes 6 is consistent with the advancing direction of the train, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0060] Further, as Figure 7 shown, as the friction members 2 wear, the same friction members 2 need to bear the same braking energy, which will cause the heat capacity of the friction bodies to increase. For this reason, along the direction close to the steel back 1, the number of the friction member heat dissipation through holes 6 gradually increases. For example, one friction member heat dissipation through hole 6 is opened in the first row, two friction member heat dissipation through holes 6 are opened in the second row, and three friction member heat dissipation through holes 6 are opened in the third row.

[0061] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A brake pad, comprising: A steel back (1), wherein a plurality of countersunk holes and through holes are provided on the steel back (1) along the thickness direction thereof; A plurality of friction members (2), wherein the friction members (2) comprise a long rod structure and a spherical structure connected to each other, and the long rod structure is inserted into a through hole on the steel back (1); The elastic element (4) is arranged in the countersunk hole of the steel back (1), and the spherical structure of the friction element (2) is installed on the inner hole of the elastic element (4); A fixing member (3) and the friction member (2) are arranged on two opposite sides of the steel back (1), and the fixing member (3) is connected to the mounting end of the friction member (2); Features: The side wall of the steel back (1) is provided with a plurality of steel back heat dissipation through holes (5).

2. The brake pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the middle portion of the steel back (1) is greater than the thickness of the two ends of the steel back (1).

3. The brake pad according to claim 2, characterized in that: The middle part of the steel back (1) transitions smoothly to the surfaces at both ends of the steel back (1).

4. The brake pad according to claim 3, characterized in that: Along the length direction of the steel back (1), the cross section of the steel back (1) is in the shape of an arc with a bulge in the middle.

5. The brake pad according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steel back heat dissipation through hole (5) is spiral-shaped.

6. The brake pad according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steel back heat dissipation through hole (5) comprises: first heat dissipation through holes, wherein the first heat dissipation through holes are arranged at intervals; a second heat dissipation through hole, wherein the second heat dissipation through hole is filled in the interval of the first heat dissipation through hole; Wherein, the aperture of the first heat dissipation through hole is larger than the aperture of the second heat dissipation through hole.

7. The brake pad according to claim 6, characterized in that: Part of the first heat dissipation through holes is located within the interval of the friction member (2).

8. The brake pad according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The friction part (2) is provided with a plurality of friction part heat dissipation through holes (6), and the friction part heat dissipation through holes (6) are arranged in the same direction as the steel back heat dissipation through holes (5).

9. The brake pad according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of the heat dissipation through holes (6) of the friction member gradually increases in a direction approaching the steel back (1).

10. The brake pad according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also comprises an elastic element, which is arranged between the friction piece (2) and the steel back (1).

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