Disassembling and assembling structure and needleless injector

Abstract

The utility model provides a dismounting structure and needleless injector relates to needleless injection technical field, including piston rod, pushing device, piston rod one end is equipped with clamping portion, the circumferential side wall of clamping portion is equipped with indent arc clamping surface, the pushing device includes shell subassembly, push rod, and the shell subassembly is equipped with the shell subassembly, push rod, and the push rod is equipped with the shell subassembly. A sliding cavity and a first penetrating opening communicated with the sliding cavity are formed in the shell assembly, the clamping part extends into the sliding cavity from the first penetrating opening, the push rod is arranged in the sliding cavity in a sliding mode, an elastic locking piece is arranged at the end, close to the piston rod, of the push rod, and the elastic locking piece is provided with a locking part matched with the arc-shaped clamping face; the elastic locking piece generates radial shrinkage deformation in a natural state, so that the locking part is in interference fit with the arc-shaped clamping surface; and the elastic locking piece is pressed to generate radial expansion deformation, so that the locking part relieves the locking constraint on the arc-shaped clamping surface. The needleless injector can solve the technical problems that an existing needleless injector is low in disassembly efficiency and poor in locking stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of needleless injection, and particularly relates to a disassembly and assembly structure and a needleless syringe. Background Art

[0002] A needleless syringe generally consists of a medicine tube and a pushing device. Among them, the medicine tube is composed of a medicine tube housing, a piston rod, a piston, and a nozzle. When using the needleless syringe for injection, the thrust generated by the pushing device is transmitted to the piston rod. After the piston rod is stressed, it pushes the piston to move in the medicine tube housing, so as to rapidly eject the liquid medicine from the nozzle at the front end of the medicine tube housing, making the liquid medicine form a jet flow and then enter the body.

[0003] Since the medicine tube belongs to a consumable and needs to be replaced after each use, it is necessary to facilitate the disassembly and assembly between the piston rod and the pushing device. At present, generally, an elastic hook is arranged at the end of the piston rod, and an inverted buckle is arranged at the corresponding position of the pushing device. During assembly, the elastic hook and the inverted buckle form a mechanical lock.

[0004] However, the contact surface between the elastic hook and the inverted buckle lacks a ramp guiding structure. When disassembling, a high axial force needs to be applied, and the disassembly efficiency is low. At the same time, after repeated operations, the elastic hook is prone to elastic failure due to friction loss, affecting the locking stability and making it difficult to meet the high-frequency use requirements. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a disassembly and assembly structure and a needleless syringe, aiming to solve the technical problems of low disassembly efficiency and poor locking stability of the existing needleless syringe.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a disassembly and assembly structure, including a piston rod and a pushing device. One end of the piston rod is provided with a clamping portion, and an inward concave arc-shaped clamping surface is provided on the circumferential side wall of the clamping portion. The pushing device includes a housing assembly and a push rod. A sliding cavity and a first through hole communicating with the sliding cavity are provided in the housing assembly. The clamping portion extends from the first through hole into the sliding cavity. The push rod is slidably arranged in the sliding cavity. An elastic locking member is provided at one end of the push rod close to the piston rod. The elastic locking member is provided with a locking portion matching the arc-shaped clamping surface. Among them, the elastic locking member generates a radial contraction deformation in a natural state, so that the locking portion forms an interference fit with the arc-shaped clamping surface; the elastic locking member is compressed to generate a radial expansion deformation, so that the locking portion releases the locking constraint on the arc-shaped clamping surface.

[0008] In addition, according to the above disassembly and assembly structure of the utility model, the following additional technical features may also be provided:

[0009] Further, a limiting portion is provided at one end of the push rod close to the piston rod. The limiting portion is provided with clamping arms surrounding the circumferential side wall of the clamping portion. An annular clamping groove is provided on the circumferential side wall of the clamping arm, and a partial area of the clamping groove is provided with a through hole. The elastic locking member includes an elastic ring matching the clamping groove and a locking block cooperating with the elastic ring. Wherein, the elastic ring generates a radial contraction deformation in a natural state to drive the locking block to partially pass through the through area of the clamping groove until an interference fit is formed with the arc-shaped clamping surface.

[0010] Further, the locking block has a cylindrical portion and a spherical portion connected to each other, and the external dimension of the through area of the clamping groove matches the cylindrical portion and the spherical portion.

[0011] Further, the elastic ring, the cylindrical portion and the spherical portion are all of rubber structure.

[0012] Further, the locking block is a rigid sphere, the external dimension of the through area of the clamping groove matches the rigid sphere, and the outlet diameter of the through area of the clamping groove is smaller than the diameter of the rigid sphere.

[0013] Further, the elastic ring is a snap ring.

[0014] Further, the arc-shaped clamping surface is an arc-shaped groove extending along the circumference of the clamping portion.

[0015] Further, the housing assembly includes a housing and an inner housing. The inner housing is nested inside the housing. A second through hole is provided at one end of the housing. The slideway is provided axially through the inner housing. The disassembly and assembly structure further includes a medicine tube housing. The medicine tube housing passes through the second through hole and the first through hole in sequence and is detachably connected to the inner housing. A medicine cavity and a medicine cavity port communicating with the medicine cavity are provided in the medicine tube housing. A piston is slidably arranged in the medicine cavity. One end of the piston rod far from the clamping portion extends into the medicine cavity from the medicine cavity port and is connected to the piston.

[0016] Further, one end of the first through hole close to the push rod is of a stepped hole structure. The radial dimension of the clamping arm matches the dimension of the large diameter section of the stepped hole structure. The radial dimension of the medicine tube housing matches the dimension of the small diameter section of the stepped hole structure.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a needleless syringe, which applies the aforementioned disassembly and assembly structure.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present utility model at least include: through the radial contraction deformation generated by the elastic locking member in the natural state, a stable interference fit is formed between the locking portion and the arc-shaped clamping surface, thereby realizing the function of locking the piston rod and the push rod. When an axial force is applied to the piston rod, the locking block is pushed radially by the radial component force generated by the wedge effect between the arc-shaped clamping surface and the locking block, causing the locking block to move radially outward. The outward-moving locking block drives the elastic locking member to generate radial expansion deformation, ultimately realizing the low-resistance unlocking of the clamping relationship between the locking portion and the arc-shaped clamping surface. Compared with the prior art, no high axial force needs to be applied during disassembly. Moreover, when the locking block undergoes frictional wear, the locking block can also be tightly limited on the concave arc-shaped clamping surface under the action of the elastic force generated by the elastic locking member, ensuring the stability of the locking between the locking portion and the arc-shaped clamping surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a medicine tube housing in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part A in;

[0021] Figure 3 FIG. is a first schematic structural diagram of a disassembly and assembly structure in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a partial enlarged view of part C in;

[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 3 a sectional view of the embodiment in;

[0024] Figure 6 FIG. is a second schematic structural diagram of a disassembly and assembly structure in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a partial enlarged view of part B in;

[0026] Figure 8 is Figure 6 a sectional view of the embodiment in;

[0027] MAIN ELEMENT SYMBOL DESCRIPTION:

[0028] Piston rod 100, clamping part 110, arc-shaped clamping surface 111, pushing device 200, housing assembly 210, housing 211, inner housing 212, second through hole 213, push rod 220, clamping arm 221, clamping groove 222, sliding cavity 300, first through hole 310, elastic locking part 400, elastic ring 410, locking block 420, cylindrical part 421, spherical part 422, medicine tube housing 500, nozzle 510, medicine cavity 520, piston 530, flange 540;

[0029] The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings. Specific embodiments

[0030] For the convenience of understanding the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. Several embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of the present invention is more thorough and comprehensive.

[0031] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixedly provided on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the description of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 , a disassembly and assembly structure provided by the present invention, including a piston rod 100 and a pushing device 200. A clamping part 110 is provided at the right end of the piston rod 100. An inwardly concave arc-shaped clamping surface 111 is provided on the circumferential side wall of the clamping part 110. The pushing device 200 includes a housing assembly 210 and a push rod 220. A sliding cavity 300 is provided inside the housing assembly 210. A first through hole 310 communicating with the sliding cavity 300 is provided on the left side of the sliding cavity 300. The clamping part 110 extends from the first through hole 310 into the sliding cavity 300. The push rod 220 is slidably arranged in the sliding cavity 300. An elastic locking part 400 is provided at the left end of the push rod 220. The elastic locking part 400 is provided with a locking part matching the arc-shaped clamping surface 111.

[0034] In this embodiment, the elastic locking member 400 undergoes radial contraction deformation in its natural state. The tightening force generated by the radial contraction deformation of the elastic locking member 400 causes the locking portion to be clamped within the arc-shaped clamping surface 111, so that the piston rod 100 will not move axially. When the push rod 220 is fixed within the sliding cavity 300 and cannot move further to the left, a force is applied to the piston rod 100 towards the left. At this time, when the clamping portion 110 moves to the left, a radial pushing force will be generated. This pushing force causes the elastic locking member 400 to undergo radial expansion deformation, and finally the locking portion is disengaged from the arc-shaped clamping surface 111. After the drug injection is completed, the replaced piston rod 100 is locked to the push rod 220 again.

[0035] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 5 、 Figure 8 As shown, a limiting portion is provided at one end of the push rod 220 close to the piston rod 100. After the locking portion is locked with the arc-shaped clamping surface 111, the limiting portion can prevent the piston rod 100 from moving to the right under force, avoiding the separation of the locking portion from the arc-shaped clamping surface 111. The limiting portion is provided with clamping arms 221 surrounding the circumferential side wall of the clamping portion 110. When the locking portion is locked with the arc-shaped clamping surface 111, the clamping portion 110 is fitted into the concave region in the middle of the clamping arms 221. An annular clamping groove 222 is provided on the circumferential side wall of the clamping arms 221, and a partial area of the clamping groove 222 is provided with a through hole. The elastic locking member 400 includes an elastic ring 410 matching the clamping groove 222 and a locking block 420 cooperating with the elastic ring 410.

[0036] In this embodiment, the elastic ring 410 undergoes radial contraction deformation in its natural state. The tightening force generated by the radial contraction deformation of the elastic ring 410 causes the locking block 420 to partially pass through the through region of the clamping groove 222 until the locking block 420 tightly presses against the arc-shaped clamping surface 111, so that the piston rod 100 will not move axially. When the push rod 220 is fixed within the sliding cavity 300 and cannot move further to the left, a force is applied to the piston rod 100 towards the left. At this time, when the clamping portion 110 moves to the left, a radial pushing force will be generated. This pushing force causes the locking block 420 to move radially outwards, causing the locking block 420 to push the elastic ring 410 outwards, and further causing the elastic ring 410 to undergo radial expansion deformation until the locking block 420 is disengaged from the arc-shaped clamping surface 111. After the drug injection is completed, the replaced piston rod 100 is locked to the push rod 220 again.

[0037] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figures 3 to 5As shown, the locking block 420 has a cylindrical portion 421 and a spherical portion 422 connected to each other. The outer dimensions of the through region of the clamping groove 222 match those of the cylindrical portion 421 and the spherical portion 422. When the cylindrical portion 421 slides radially inward within the through region of the clamping groove 222, it pushes the spherical portion 422 to partially pass through the through region of the clamping groove 222 until it tightly presses against the arc-shaped clamping surface 111; when the spherical portion 422 slides radially outward within the through region of the clamping groove 222, the spherical portion 422 drives the cylindrical portion 421 to slide radially outward within the through region of the clamping groove 222, and then radially outwardly pushes the elastic ring 410, causing the elastic ring 410 to undergo radial expansion deformation.

[0038] In this embodiment, the spherical shape of the spherical portion 422 can well match the shape of the arc-shaped clamping surface 111, so that the spherical portion 422 and the arc-shaped clamping surface 111 can slide axially, facilitating the quick locking and detachment of the locking block 420 and the arc-shaped clamping surface 111 by applying force axially.

[0039] In some alternative embodiments, the elastic ring 410, the cylindrical portion 421, and the spherical portion 422 are all made of rubber. In this embodiment, when the locking block 420 is pressed against the arc-shaped clamping surface 111 by the tightening force generated by the elastic ring 410, the rubber spherical portion 422 can undergo a certain degree of deformation, enabling the spherical portion 422 to better fit on the arc-shaped clamping surface 111, thereby increasing the contact area with the arc-shaped clamping surface 111 and preventing the spherical portion 422 from easily detaching from the arc-shaped clamping surface 111; when assembling the piston rod 100 on the push rod 220, the rubber spherical portion 422 can undergo lateral deformation when subjected to lateral extrusion, so that the spherical portion 422 can gradually slide from the side end of the arc-shaped clamping surface 111 to the bottom of the arc-shaped clamping surface 111, thereby reducing the probability of jamming and improving the assembly efficiency. Optionally, the elastic ring 410 can be connected to the cylindrical portion 421 or not connected to the cylindrical portion 421.

[0040] In some alternative embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, the elastic ring 410 is connected to the cylindrical portion 421. After the locking portion and the arc-shaped clamping surface 111 are disengaged from each other, to prevent the locking block 420 from moving radially inward out of the through region of the clamping groove 222 under the action of the tightening force of the elastic ring 410, the outlet diameter of the through region of the clamping groove 222 is smaller than the diameter of the spherical portion 422.

[0041] In some alternative embodiments, as Figure 7 、 Figure 8As shown, the locking block 420 is a rigid sphere, such as a stainless steel sphere, a copper sphere, etc. The outer dimensions of the through region of the clamping groove 222 match those of the rigid sphere, enabling the rigid sphere to slide radially outward or inward within the through region of the clamping groove 222. In addition, to prevent the rigid sphere from moving radially inward out of the through region of the clamping groove 222 under the action of the tightening force of the elastic ring 410, the outlet diameter of the through region of the clamping groove 222 is smaller than the diameter of the rigid sphere. Thus, under the action of the tightening force of the elastic ring 410, the rigid sphere partially passes through the clamping groove 222 and tightly presses against the arc-shaped clamping surface 111, and the piston rod 100 will not move axially. At the same time, the spherical shape of the rigid sphere can well match the shape of the arc-shaped clamping surface 111, facilitating axial sliding between the rigid sphere and the arc-shaped clamping surface 111, so as to quickly lock and disengage the rigid sphere and the arc-shaped clamping surface 111 by applying force axially.

[0042] In some alternative embodiments, as Figure 7 、 Figure 8 shown, the elastic ring 410 is a snap ring, and the relative position between the locking block 420 and the arc-shaped clamping surface 111 is adjusted by the contraction and expansion deformation of the snap ring. In this embodiment, during the assembly and disassembly of the piston rod 100 and the push rod 220, due to the non-rigid connection between the snap ring and the rigid sphere, when the rigid sphere is subjected to an axial extrusion force along the piston rod 100, the rigid sphere can generate a rolling displacement axially within the arc-shaped clamping surface 111. This rolling displacement enables the rigid sphere to smoothly slide along the concave surface of the arc-shaped clamping surface 111 with a relatively small frictional resistance, thereby reducing the risk of jamming between the arc-shaped clamping surface 111 and the rigid sphere and improving the assembly efficiency.

[0043] In some alternative embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the arc-shaped clamping surface 111 is an arc-shaped groove extending circumferentially along the clamping portion 110, which is convenient for machining. When jamming occurs between the locking block 420 and the arc-shaped clamping surface 111, since the arc-shaped groove will not interfere with the position of the locking block 420, the piston rod 100 can also be rotated to adjust the force relationship between the two, achieving the purpose of quickly eliminating the jamming condition.

[0044] In some alternative embodiments, as Figure 3 、 Figure 6As shown, the outer shell assembly 210 includes an outer shell 211 and an inner shell 212. The inner shell 212 is nested inside the outer shell 211. One end of the outer shell 211 is provided with a second through hole 213. The slideway is arranged axially through the inner shell 212. The disassembly and assembly structure further includes a medicine tube housing 500. A nozzle 510 is provided at the left end of the medicine tube housing 500. The medicine tube housing 500 passes through the second through hole 213 and the first through hole 310 from the left in sequence and is detachably connected to the inner shell 212. Optionally, an internal thread is provided on the inner side wall of the first through hole 310, and an external thread is provided on the outer side wall of the right end of the medicine tube housing 500. In this way, the quick disassembly and assembly of the medicine tube housing 500 is realized through the cooperation of the internal thread and the external thread. A medicine cavity 520 and a medicine cavity opening communicating with the medicine cavity 520 are provided inside the medicine tube housing 500. The medicine cavity 520 is filled with liquid medicine. A piston 530 is slidably arranged in the medicine cavity 520. The left end of the piston rod 100 extends into the medicine cavity 520 from the medicine cavity opening and is connected to the piston 530.

[0045] In this embodiment, when the push rod 220 is pushed to move leftward in the sliding cavity 300, the push rod 220 can push the piston rod 100 to move leftward together, so that the piston rod 100 pushes the piston 530 to move leftward in the medicine cavity 520. The piston 530 squeezes the liquid medicine in the medicine cavity 520, so that the liquid medicine is rapidly ejected from the nozzle 510 at the front end of the medicine tube housing 500, and finally the liquid medicine forms a jet and enters the machine body. When the injection of the liquid medicine is completed, the elastic locking member 400 is compressed to generate radial expansion deformation, so that the locking portion releases the locking constraint on the arc-shaped clamping surface 111.

[0046] When replacing the piston rod 100 and the piston 530, first screw the medicine tube housing 500 to detach the medicine tube housing 500 from the inner shell 212. Then apply a force to the left on the piston rod 100. At this time, when the clamping portion 110 moves to the left, a radial extrusion force will be generated. This extrusion force makes the locking block 420 move radially outward, so that the locking block 420 pushes the elastic ring 410 outward, and then the elastic ring 410 generates radial expansion deformation until the locking portion is disengaged from the arc-shaped clamping surface 111. Finally, the new piston rod 100 is locked to the push rod 220 again.

[0047] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 5 、 Figure 8 As shown, the size of the second through hole 213 is larger than the size of the first through hole 310. A flange 540 is provided on the medicine tube housing 500. The flange 540 is in clearance fit with the second through hole 213, and the size of the flange 540 is larger than the size of the first through hole 310. In this way, when the flange 540 abuts against the left edge of the first through hole 310, the medicine tube housing 500 cannot further extend into the first through hole 310, realizing the function of limiting the medicine tube housing 500.

[0048] In some alternative embodiments, such asFigure 5 , Figure 8 As shown in Figure 8 , the first through port 310 has a stepped port structure. The radial dimension of the clamping arm 221 matches the dimension of the large-diameter section of the stepped port structure, and the radial dimension of the medicine tube housing 500 matches the dimension of the small-diameter section of the stepped port structure. In this way, when the left end of the push rod 220 abuts against the left edge of the large-diameter section of the first through port 310, the push rod 220 cannot move further to the left, achieving the function of limiting the push rod 220.

[0049] In addition, the present utility model also provides a needleless injector that applies the aforementioned disassembly and assembly structure.

[0050] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0051] The above-described embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present utility model. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present utility model, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A disassembly and assembly structure, characterized in that: The disassembly and assembly structure comprises: A piston rod, one end of which is provided with a clamping portion, and a circumferential side wall of the clamping portion is provided with an inwardly concave arc-shaped clamping surface; The pushing device comprises a housing component and a push rod, wherein a sliding cavity and a first through hole communicating with the sliding cavity are provided in the housing component, the clamping portion extends from the first through hole into the sliding cavity, the push rod is slidably arranged in the sliding cavity, an elastic locking member is provided at one end of the push rod close to the piston rod, and the elastic locking member is provided with a locking portion matching the arc-shaped clamping surface; Wherein, the elastic locking piece produces radial contraction deformation in a natural state, so that the locking portion and the arc-shaped clamping surface form an interference fit; the elastic locking piece produces radial expansion deformation under pressure, so that the locking portion releases the locking constraint on the arc-shaped clamping surface.

2. The disassembly and assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting portion is provided at one end of the push rod close to the piston rod, and the limiting portion is provided with a clamping arm surrounding the circumferential side wall of the clamping portion, and an annular clamping groove is provided on the circumferential side wall of the clamping arm, and a partial area of ​​the clamping groove is penetrated, and the elastic locking member includes an elastic ring matching the clamping groove, and a locking block cooperating with the elastic ring; wherein the elastic ring produces radial contraction deformation in a natural state to drive the locking block to partially pass through the penetrating area of ​​the clamping groove until an interference fit is formed with the arc-shaped clamping surface.

3. The disassembly and assembly structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking block comprises a column part and a spherical part which are connected to each other, and the outer dimensions of the through region of the clamping groove match the column part and the spherical part.

4. The disassembly and assembly structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic ring, the column part and the spherical part are all rubber structures.

5. The disassembly and assembly structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking block is a rigid sphere, the outer dimensions of the through-region of the clamping groove match those of the rigid sphere, and the outlet diameter of the through-region of the clamping groove is smaller than the diameter of the rigid sphere.

6. The disassembly and assembly structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic ring is a retaining spring.

7. The disassembly and assembly structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The arc-shaped clamping surface is an arc-shaped groove extending along the circumference of the clamping portion.

8. The disassembly and assembly structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer shell assembly includes an outer shell and an inner shell, the inner shell is nested in the outer shell, a second through-hole is provided at one end of the outer shell, and a slideway is arranged to pass through the axial direction of the inner shell. The disassembly and assembly structure also includes a medicine tube shell, which is detachably connected to the inner shell after passing through the second through-hole and the first through-hole in sequence. A medicine cavity and a medicine cavity opening connected to the medicine cavity are provided in the medicine tube shell, a piston is slidably arranged in the medicine cavity, and an end of the piston rod away from the clamping portion extends from the medicine cavity opening into the medicine cavity and is connected to the piston.

9. The disassembly and assembly structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end of the first through-hole close to the push rod is a stepped structure, the radial dimension of the clamp arm matches the large diameter section dimension of the stepped structure, and the radial dimension of the medicine tube shell matches the small diameter section dimension of the stepped structure.

10. A needle-free syringe, characterized in that: The disassembly and assembly structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is applied.

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