Novel high-speed rail communication signal detection device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of high-speed rail communication, and discloses a novel high-speed rail communication signal detection device which comprises a streamline outer shell, and a signal compatible mechanism for improving signal receiving accuracy is installed in the streamline outer shell. A signal transmission module for expanding a signal conduction path is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the streamline outer shell, and an energy storage mechanism for improving the endurance of the signal compatibility mechanism and the signal transmission module is installed at the outer end of the streamline outer shell. Complex signals are collected in the using process, and therefore the problems of multipath interference, time delay accumulation and environment noise in the signal transmission process are solved. The signal transmission module adopts two channels to transmit signals, so that the signal transmission module solves the problem of communication interruption in a complex environment such as a high-speed rail tunnel, and signal transmission with global coverage and multi-scene adaptation is further realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of high - speed rail communication, and particularly relates to a new high - speed rail communication signal detection device. Background Technique

[0002] With the rapid development of high - speed railways, the detection of communication signals of trains in complex electromagnetic environments (such as urban tunnels, mountain valleys, etc.) faces severe challenges.

[0003] In the process of implementing this application, it is found that the following problems exist in this technology: The existing single - band antennas are vulnerable to multipath reflections in high - speed mobile scenarios, resulting in the accumulation of received signal delay, phase offset, and a sharp increase in the communication error rate. For example, when a high - speed train passes through a tunnel, the 5G NR signal reflected by the tunnel wall is superimposed on the direct signal, causing signal fading (typical value up to - 20dB), which seriously affects the reliability of data transmission.

[0004] Therefore, a new high - speed rail communication signal detection device is proposed. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problem that the existing single - band antennas are vulnerable to multipath reflections in high - speed mobile scenarios, resulting in the accumulation of received signal delay, phase offset, and a sharp increase in the communication error rate. For example, when a high - speed train passes through a tunnel, the 5G NR signal reflected by the tunnel wall is superimposed on the direct signal, causing signal fading (typical value up to - 20dB), which seriously affects the reliability of data transmission. The utility model provides a new high - speed rail communication signal detection device.

[0006] The utility model specifically adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above - mentioned purpose:

[0007] A new high - speed rail communication signal detection device includes a streamlined outer housing. Inside the streamlined outer housing, a signal compatibility mechanism for improving the accuracy of signal reception is installed. At the bottom of the inner wall of the streamlined outer housing, a signal transmission module for expanding the signal conduction path is installed. At the outer end of the streamlined outer housing, an energy storage mechanism for improving the battery life of the signal compatibility mechanism and the signal transmission module is installed. Heat dissipation holes are provided on the lower surface of the streamlined outer housing.

[0008] Further, the signal compatibility mechanism includes two groups of partition plates, which are installed inside the streamlined housing. At the upper ends of the two groups of partition plates, a low-noise amplifier, four groups of multi-band antenna arrays, an FPGA chip, a phase compensation unit, and a dynamic notch filter are respectively installed. The signal input end of the low-noise amplifier is connected to the output ends of the four groups of multi-band antenna arrays. The signal input end of the dynamic notch filter is connected to the output end of the low-noise amplifier. The signal input end of the phase compensation unit is connected to the output end of the dynamic notch filter. The signal input end of the FPGA chip is connected to the output end of the phase compensation unit.

[0009] Further, the signal transmission module includes a 5G NR Sub-6GHz transceiver and a Beidou RDSS helical antenna. The 5G NR Sub-6GHz transceiver and the Beidou RDSS helical antenna are both installed at the inner bottom of the streamlined housing. The signal input ends of the 5G NR Sub-6GHz transceiver and the Beidou RDSS helical antenna are connected to the output end of the FPGA chip. The output end of the 5G NR Sub-6GHz transceiver is electrically connected to the vehicle-ground communication link. The output end of the Beidou RDSS helical antenna is electrically connected to the satellite redundant link.

[0010] Further, the material of the streamlined housing is carbon fiber, and nano-absorbing coatings are applied to the outer ends of the two groups of partition plates.

[0011] Further, the energy storage mechanism includes a battery compartment and a solar panel. The battery compartment is installed at the inner bottom of the streamlined housing, and the solar panel is installed at the upper end of the streamlined housing.

[0012] Further, a hydrophobic film is installed inside the heat dissipation holes.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0014] 1. After receiving signals through the four groups of multi-band antenna arrays, the present utility model performs preliminary amplification with a gain > 20 dB and a noise figure < 1.5 dB by a low-noise amplifier. Subsequently, ±2 MHz interference suppression tuning is achieved by a dynamic notch filter using a varactor diode, and 0 - 30 ns programmable delay calibration is completed by a phase compensation unit, enabling the FPGA chip to transmit the processed signals to a ground base station through a signal transmission module. Furthermore, the signal compatibility mechanism realizes the collection of complex signals during use, thus solving the problems of multipath interference, time delay accumulation, and environmental noise faced by signals during transmission; by arranging the multi-band antenna arrays at intervals of λ / 4 wavelength, the multi-band antenna arrays use a balun circuit to achieve the conversion from balanced to unbalanced, thereby enhancing the signal reception sensitivity of the multi-band antenna arrays.

[0015] 2. The utility model constructs a high-speed vehicle-ground communication link through the first path using beamforming technology with a 5G NR Sub-6GHz transceiver; the second path drives a Beidou RDSS helical antenna to establish a satellite redundant link in the frequency band of 2491.75 MHz ± 4.08 MHz, forming a dual transmission system that complements the ground cellular network and satellite communication, ensuring the high reliability and anti-interference ability of the system, thus solving the problem of communication interruption in complex environments such as high-speed rail tunnels, and further realizing signal transmission with full coverage and multi-scenario adaptation. Therefore, it is applicable to rail transit technology. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic side structure diagram of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic internal structure diagram of the streamlined outer shell of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic top surface structure diagram of the signal compatibility mechanism of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the partition board of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 is a system flow chart of the utility model.

[0021] Reference numerals: 1, streamlined outer shell; 201, battery compartment; 202, solar panel; 203, support plate; 301, multi-band antenna array; 302, low-noise amplifier; 303, phase compensation unit; 304, FPGA chip; 305, dynamic notch filter; 306, partition board; 4, graphene heat conduction patch; 501, 5G NR Sub-6GHz transceiver; 502, Beidou RDSS helical antenna; 6, hydrophobic film; 7, nano-absorbing coating. Detailed Embodiments

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the utility model. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and illustrated in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0023] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0026] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a new type of high-speed rail communication signal detection device includes a streamlined outer housing 1. Inside the streamlined outer housing 1, a signal compatibility mechanism for improving the accuracy of signal reception is installed. At the bottom of the inner wall of the streamlined outer housing 1, a signal transmission module for expanding the signal conduction path is installed. At the outer end of the streamlined outer housing 1, an energy storage mechanism for improving the battery life of the signal compatibility mechanism and the signal transmission module is installed. Heat dissipation holes are provided on the lower surface of the streamlined outer housing 1. Specifically, by activating the signal compatibility mechanism to receive and process the received signal, the collection of complex signals can be realized during use, thus solving the problems of multipath interference, delay accumulation, and environmental noise faced by signals during transmission.

[0027] The signal transmission module adopts dual-channel transmission, solving the problem of communication interruption in complex environments such as high-speed rail tunnels, achieving full-domain coverage and multi-scenario adaptation, and thus realizing signal transmission with full-domain coverage and multi-scenario adaptation. Therefore, it is applicable to rail transit technology.

[0028] As Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the signal compatibility mechanism includes two sets of partition plates 306. The two sets of partition plates 306 are installed inside the streamlined outer housing 1. At the upper ends of the two sets of partition plates 306, a low-noise amplifier 302, four sets of multi-band antenna arrays 301, an FPGA chip 304, a phase compensation unit 303, and a dynamic notch filter 305 are respectively installed. The signal input end of the low-noise amplifier 302 is connected to the output end of the four sets of multi-band antenna arrays 301. The signal input end of the dynamic notch filter 305 is connected to the output end of the low-noise amplifier 302. The signal input end of the phase compensation unit 303 is connected to the output end of the dynamic notch filter 305. The signal input end of the FPGA chip 304 is connected to the output end of the phase compensation unit 303. The multi-band antenna arrays 301 are arranged at intervals of λ / 4 wavelength;

[0029] Specifically, after receiving signals, the four sets of multi-band antenna arrays 301 are preliminarily amplified by the low-noise amplifier 302 with a gain > 20 dB and a noise figure < 1.5 dB. Subsequently, the dynamic notch filter 305 uses a varactor diode to achieve ±2 MHz interference suppression tuning. Then, the phase compensation unit 303 completes 0 - 30 ns programmable delay calibration, enabling the FPGA chip 304 to transmit the processed signals to the ground base station through the signal transmission module. Furthermore, the signal compatibility mechanism realizes the collection of complex signals during use, thus solving the problems of multipath interference, delay accumulation, and environmental noise faced by signals during transmission; by arranging the multi-band antenna arrays 301 at intervals of λ / 4 wavelength, the multi-band antenna arrays 301 use a balun circuit to achieve the conversion from balanced to unbalanced, thereby enhancing the signal reception sensitivity of the multi-band antenna arrays 301.

[0030] As Figure 2As shown in the figure, the signal transmission module includes a 5G NR Sub-6GHz transceiver 501 and a Beidou RDSS helical antenna 502. Both the 5G NR Sub-6GHz transceiver 501 and the Beidou RDSS helical antenna 502 are installed at the inner bottom of the streamlined housing 1. The signal input ends of the 5G NR Sub-6GHz transceiver 501 and the Beidou RDSS helical antenna 502 are connected to the output end of the FPGA chip 304. The output end of the 5G NR Sub-6GHz transceiver 501 is electrically connected to the vehicle-ground communication link, and the output end of the Beidou RDSS helical antenna 502 is electrically connected to the satellite redundant link. Specifically, the first path uses beamforming technology through the 5GNR Sub-6GHz transceiver 501 to construct a high-speed vehicle-ground communication link; the second path drives the Beidou RDSS helical antenna 502 to establish a satellite redundant link in the frequency band of 2491.75MHz ± 4.08MHz, forming a dual transmission system that complements the ground cellular network and satellite communication, ensuring the high reliability and anti-interference ability of the system, thus solving the problem of communication interruption in complex environments such as high-speed railway tunnels, and then realizing signal transmission with full coverage and multi-scenario adaptation. Therefore, it is applicable to rail transit technology.

[0031] As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, the material of the streamlined housing 1 is carbon fiber, and the outer ends of the two groups of partition plates 306 are coated with a nano-absorbing coating 7. Specifically, due to the high strength, high thermal conductivity, and electromagnetic shielding characteristics of the carbon fiber material, the streamlined housing 1 solves the problems of lightweight, heat dissipation, and electromagnetic protection. Then, through the wideband absorption, self-cleaning, and corrosion resistance characteristics of the partition plates 306, the interior of the streamlined housing 1 is divided into three independent electromagnetic shielding areas, which significantly improves the signal purity of the internal equipment of the streamlined housing 1. Thus, the collaborative innovation of the two enables the equipment to still operate stably under complex electromagnetic environments, high-speed vibrations, and extreme temperature and humidity conditions. Therefore, it meets the reliability requirements of the device during its use in the rail transit field.

[0032] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the energy storage mechanism includes a battery compartment 201 and a solar panel 202. The battery compartment 201 is installed at the inner bottom of the streamlined housing 1, and the solar panel 202 is installed at the upper end of the streamlined housing 1. A support plate 203 is installed on the upper surface of the streamlined housing 1, and the top of the support plate 203 is installed at the inner top of the solar panel 202. The lower surface of the solar panel 202 abuts against the upper surface of the streamlined housing 1. The output end of the battery compartment 201 is electrically connected to the access ends of the signal transmission module and the signal compatibility mechanism, and an inverter and a controller for converting solar energy into electrical energy are provided inside the streamlined housing 1;

[0033] Specifically, the solar panel 202 absorbs sunlight to generate electric energy to charge the battery compartment 201, and then an electrical connection is made between the output end of the battery compartment 201 and the access end of the signal transmission module and the signal compatibility mechanism, so that the endurance time of the signal transmission module and the signal compatibility mechanism is increased during use; by making an electrical connection between the output end of the energy storage mechanism and the access end of the signal transmission module and the signal compatibility mechanism, the signal transmission module and the signal compatibility mechanism have an independent circuit, so as to avoid the device being unable to be used normally when a power failure occurs on the high-speed rail line; the solar panel 202 is streamlined, and the lower surface of the solar panel 202 abuts against the upper surface of the streamlined outer shell 1, so as to avoid increasing the wind resistance of the streamlined outer shell 1 during the use of the energy storage mechanism and improve the stability of the solar panel 202 during use.

[0034] As Figure 2 shown, a hydrophobic film 6 is installed inside the heat dissipation hole, and a graphene heat conduction patch 4 is attached to the outer surface of the FPGA chip 304; specifically, the hydrophobic film 6 filters the gas guided into the streamlined outer shell 1, so as to avoid moisture entering the inside of the streamlined outer shell 1 and causing damage to the signal transmission module; the graphene heat conduction patch 4 absorbs the heat generated by the FPGA chip 304 during use, so as to avoid the FPGA chip 304 being damaged due to continuously maintaining a high temperature during use.

[0035] In summary: After the four groups of multi-band antenna arrays 301 receive signals, they are preliminarily amplified by the low-noise amplifier 302 with a gain > 20 dB and a noise figure < 1.5 dB. Subsequently, the dynamic notch filter 305 uses a varactor diode to achieve ±2 MHz interference suppression tuning, and then the phase compensation unit 303 completes 0-30 ns programmable delay calibration, so that the FPGA chip 304 transmits the processed signals to the ground base station through the signal transmission module, and further enables the signal compatibility mechanism to collect complex signals during use; the first path uses the 5G NR Sub-6GHz transceiver 501 to adopt beamforming technology to construct a high-speed vehicle-ground communication link; the second path drives the Beidou RDSS helical antenna 502 to establish a satellite redundant link in the 2491.75 MHz ± 4.08 MHz frequency band, forming a dual transmission system that complements the ground cellular network and satellite communication, ensuring the high reliability and anti-interference ability of the system, thus solving the problem of communication interruption in complex environments such as high-speed rail tunnels, and further realizing signal transmission with full-domain coverage and multi-scenario adaptation;

[0036] Meanwhile, the solar panel 202 absorbs sunlight to generate electric energy to charge the battery compartment 201, and then an electrical connection is made between the output end of the battery compartment 201 and the access end of the signal transmission module and the signal compatibility mechanism, so that the endurance time of the signal transmission module and the signal compatibility mechanism is increased during the use of the energy storage mechanism.

[0037] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and what is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A novel high-speed rail communication signal detection device, comprising a streamlined outer shell (1), characterized in that: A signal compatibility mechanism for improving signal reception accuracy is installed inside the streamlined outer shell (1); a signal transmission module for expanding the signal conduction path is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the streamlined outer shell (1); an energy storage mechanism for improving the endurance of the signal compatibility mechanism and the signal transmission module is installed at the outer end of the streamlined outer shell (1); and a heat dissipation hole is provided on the lower surface of the streamlined outer shell (1).

2. According to claim 1, a new type of high-speed railway communication signal detection device is characterized in that: The signal compatibility mechanism comprises two groups of partition plates (306), the two groups of partition plates (306) being installed inside the streamlined outer shell (1), and the upper ends of the two groups of partition plates (306) being respectively installed with a low noise amplifier (302), four groups of multi-band antenna arrays (301), an FPGA chip (304), a phase compensation unit (303) and a dynamic notch filter (305), the signal input end of the low noise amplifier (302) being connected to the output ends of the four groups of multi-band antenna arrays (301), the signal input end of the dynamic notch filter (305) being connected to the output end of the low noise amplifier (302), the signal input end of the phase compensation unit (303) being connected to the output end of the dynamic notch filter (305), and the signal input end of the FPGA chip (304) being connected to the output end of the phase compensation unit (303).

3. A novel high-speed railway communication signal detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The signal transmission module comprises a 5G NR Sub-6GHz transceiver (501) and a Beidou RDSS helical antenna (502); the 5G NR Sub-6GHz transceiver (501) and the Beidou RDSS helical antenna (502) are both mounted on the inner bottom of the streamlined outer shell (1); the signal input ends of the 5G NR Sub-6GHz transceiver (501) and the Beidou RDSS helical antenna (502) are connected to the output ends of the FPGA chip (304); the output end of the 5G NR Sub-6GHz transceiver (501) is electrically connected to a vehicle-to-ground communication link; and the output end of the Beidou RDSS helical antenna (502) is electrically connected to a satellite redundant link.

4. A novel high-speed railway communication signal detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The streamlined outer shell (1) is made of carbon fiber, and the outer ends of the two sets of partition plates (306) are coated with a nano-wave absorbing coating (7).

5. The novel high-speed railway communication signal detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy storage mechanism comprises a battery compartment (201) and a solar panel (202); the battery compartment (201) is mounted on the bottom of the inner wall of the streamlined outer shell (1); and the solar panel (202) is mounted on the upper end of the streamlined outer shell (1).

6. A novel high-speed railway communication signal detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydrophobic film (6) is installed inside the heat dissipation hole.

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