Ventilation air-conditioning system and closed pressurized clean operating room

Abstract

The utility model discloses a ventilation air-conditioning system and a closed pressurized clean operating room, a fresh air system of the ventilation air-conditioning system not only can pressurize and inflate to enable the indoor equivalent altitude to reach the level similar to a plain area, but also can purify indoor air to meet the purification level requirement of the operating room; an air return system is further arranged, indoor pollutants enter the purification air conditioning unit through an air return pipeline to be treated and then are mixed with fresh air to be fed into a room through an efficient filtering air opening, the pollutants are continuously diluted, the concentration of the indoor pollutants meets the requirement of the corresponding purification grade, and energy consumption can be saved to the maximum extent; the space layout of the closed pressurized clean operating room is optimized, the closed pressurized clean operating room comprises a patient streamline, a medical staff streamline, a clean article streamline and a dirt streamline, and the small pressurized clean operating room can be formed and used for short-time and simple operations; and a large and medium-sized pressurized clean operating room can be formed, and is used for long-time and complex operations, and the problem that an existing closed pressurized building cannot be applied to operating room scenes is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a ventilation and air conditioning system and an airtight pressurized clean operating room applicable to high altitude areas. Background Technique

[0002] The air pressure in high altitude areas is low, usually only 60% of that in plain areas, and the environment is harsh and medical conditions are scarce. When an emergency operation is urgently needed, it takes time and effort to transfer patients to places with good medical conditions, resulting in the missed best treatment time. Even if there is an operating room, in a low-pressure and oxygen-deficient environment, it is difficult for doctors to adapt to such high-intensity work, which will also have an extremely adverse impact on the recovery of patients. At present, there is no operating room in high altitude areas that can both solve altitude sickness and meet the purification level requirements of the operating room.

[0003] At present, airtight pressurized buildings have been applied in high altitude areas, that is, pressurizing equipment is used to pressurize and inflate airtight buildings so that the indoor pressure can reach the level of plain areas, creating a comfortable and oxygen-rich living environment. However, the spatial layout of existing airtight pressurized buildings cannot meet the various functional requirements of operating rooms; moreover, the fresh air supplied does not undergo special purification treatment and only needs to meet the requirements of breathing and diluting indoor pollutants, and cannot meet the purification level requirements of operating rooms. A clean operating room needs to purify the indoor air to meet certain purification level requirements. If the air is purified and then pressurized and sent into the room, the air volume requirement is high, which will inevitably consume a large amount of electric energy of the pressurizing equipment. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The main purpose of the utility model is to propose a ventilation and air conditioning system and an airtight pressurized clean operating room. The airtight pressurized clean operating room fully considers the characteristics of airtight pressurized buildings, optimizes the spatial layout, and solves the problem that existing airtight pressurized buildings cannot be applied to the operating room scenario; at the same time, on the basis of the traditional clean operating room, the purification and air conditioning system is optimized, so that the airtight pressurized clean operating room can not only pressurize and inflate to make the equivalent altitude indoors reach the level of plain areas, but also purify the indoor air to meet the purification level requirements of the operating room, and at the same time can maximize energy conservation.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A ventilation and air conditioning system includes a fresh air system, a return air system, an exhaust air system, and a filter air outlet disposed in a sealed pressurized area; the fresh air system includes a fresh air duct, a purified fresh air unit, and a pressurizing device; the air inlet of the fresh air duct is communicated with the outside atmosphere, and the air outlet is communicated with the filter air outlet in the sealed pressurized area; the purified fresh air unit and the pressurizing device are arranged on the fresh air duct in sequence along the flow direction of the fresh air; the purified fresh air unit includes a pressurizing fan, a filter assembly, and a first surface cooler arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the fresh air; the return air system includes a return air duct and a purified air conditioning unit; the air inlet of the return air system is communicated with the indoor air in the sealed pressurized area, and the air outlet is communicated with the filter air outlet in the sealed pressurized area; the purified air conditioning unit is arranged on the return air duct; the purified air conditioning unit includes a fan, a filter, and a second surface cooler arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the return air; the exhaust air system includes an exhaust air duct, the air inlet of the exhaust air duct is communicated with the indoor air in the sealed pressurized area, and the air outlet is communicated with the outside atmosphere; by using the return air in the sealed pressurized area to mix and supply air with the fresh air system, the energy consumption of the purified fresh air unit and the pressurizing device in the fresh air system is reduced.

[0007] In the above solution, the ventilation and air conditioning system further includes an air conditioning water system, and the air conditioning water system includes an air-cooled heat pump, a water supply pipe, a water return pipe, and a circulating water pump; the water inlet of the water supply pipe is communicated with the air-cooled heat pump, one branch of the water outlet of the water supply pipe is communicated with the water inlet of the first surface cooler of the purified fresh air unit, and the fresh air exchanges heat with the water from the air-cooled heat pump in the first surface cooler to achieve the purpose of cooling or heating. The other branch of the water outlet of the water supply pipe is communicated with the water inlet of the second surface cooler of the purified air conditioning unit, and the return air exchanges heat with the water from the air-cooled heat pump in the second surface cooler to achieve the purpose of cooling or heating; one branch of the water inlet of the water return pipe is communicated with the water outlet of the first surface cooler of the purified fresh air unit, and the other branch is communicated with the water outlet of the second surface cooler of the purified air conditioning unit. The water outlet of the water return pipe is communicated with the air-cooled heat pump; the circulating water pump is installed on the water return pipe.

[0008] In the above solution, two circulating water pumps are arranged in parallel on the water return pipe and are used as spares for each other.

[0009] In the above solution, two pressurizing devices are arranged in parallel on the fresh air duct and are used as spares for each other.

[0010] In the above solution, the purified fresh air unit further includes a first electric heater disposed after the first surface cooler, which is used for auxiliary heating treatment of the fresh air processed by the first surface cooler.

[0011] In the above solution, the purified fresh air unit further includes a first humidifier disposed after the first electric heater, which is used for adjusting the humidity of the fresh air processed by the first electric heater.

[0012] In the above solution, the purification air conditioning unit further includes a second electric heater disposed after the second surface cooler, which is used for auxiliary heating treatment of the return air processed by the second surface cooler.

[0013] In the above solution, the purification air conditioning unit further includes a second humidifier disposed after the second electric heater, which is used for adjusting the humidity of the return air processed by the second electric heater.

[0014] In the above solution, a flow sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor are provided on the fresh air duct; a flow sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor are provided on the return air duct; each sensor is respectively connected to the control system of the ventilation and air conditioning system in a signal connection manner to send the collected signals to the control system.

[0015] In the above solution, an electric fresh air valve is provided on the fresh air duct; an electric return air valve is provided on the return air duct; an electric regulating valve is provided on the exhaust air duct; each valve is respectively connected to the control system of the ventilation and air conditioning system in a signal connection manner to receive the control of the control system.

[0016] In the above solution, a pipeline filtering device is further provided on the exhaust air duct.

[0017] The present utility model further provides a sealed pressurized clean operating room, which includes a pressurized clean operating room area. The pressurized clean operating room area is a pressurized area and is equipped with the above-mentioned ventilation and air conditioning system; the sealed pressurized clean operating room further includes a patient flow channel, a medical staff flow channel, a clean item flow channel, and a waste flow channel that are respectively communicated with the pressurized clean operating room area.

[0018] In the above solution, the sealed pressurized clean operating room further includes a scrubbing area, a patient bed-changing area, a buffer area, a medical staff dressing area, a delivery bucket, a transfer window, an unpacking area, a storage area, and a waste treatment and packing area; the patient flow channel is: patient bed-changing area → scrubbing area → pressurized clean operating room area; the medical staff flow channel is: medical staff dressing area → buffer area → scrubbing area → pressurized clean operating room area; the clean item flow channel is: storage area → unpacking area → transfer window → scrubbing area → delivery bucket → pressurized clean operating room area; the waste flow channel is: pressurized clean operating room area → waste treatment and packing area; each functional area on each flow channel is sequentially communicated.

[0019] In the above solution, a transition cabin area is further provided between the pressurized clean operating room area and the waste treatment and packing area; the transition cabin area is a pressurized area and is equipped with the above-mentioned ventilation and air conditioning system; the corresponding waste flow channel is: pressurized clean operating room area → transition cabin area → waste treatment and packing area.

[0020] In the above solution, the scrubbing area is a pressurized area and serves as a scrubbing and transition cabin area, and is equipped with the above-mentioned ventilation and air conditioning system.

[0021] In the above solution, a medical staff walkway is also provided between the medical staff dressing area and the buffer area. The corresponding flow channel for medical staff is: medical staff dressing area → medical staff walkway → buffer area → scrubbing area → pressurized clean operating room area.

[0022] In the above solution, a second storage area is also provided between the transfer window and the delivery bucket. The corresponding flow channel for clean items is: storage area → unpacking area → transfer window → second storage area → delivery bucket → pressurized clean operating room area.

[0023] The beneficial effects produced by the present utility model are as follows:

[0024] 1. The ventilation and air conditioning system of the present utility model can be used in the pressurized clean operating room area of high altitude areas. Its fresh air system can not only pressurize and inflate to make the equivalent altitude indoors reach the level of plain areas, but also purify the indoor air to meet the purification level requirements of the operating room; at the same time, a return air system is also provided. Pollutants generated by surgical staff and equipment enter the purification air conditioning unit through the return air duct for treatment, and then are mixed with fresh air and sent into the room through high-efficiency filter air outlets, continuously diluting the pollutants to make the indoor pollutant concentration reach the requirements of the corresponding purification level, and can maximize energy conservation.

[0025] 2. The present utility model fully considers the characteristics of airtight pressurized buildings and optimizes the space layout, solving the problem that existing airtight pressurized buildings cannot be applied to the operating room scenario. This space layout can either form a small pressurized clean operating room for short and simple surgeries, or form medium and large-sized pressurized clean operating rooms for long and complex surgeries.

[0026] 3. The airtight pressurized clean operating room of the present utility model is assembled by modular splicing, which is convenient for installation and disassembly and can be moved according to the surgical destination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the ventilation and air conditioning system of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the airtight pressurized clean operating room in the first embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the airtight pressurized clean operating room in the second embodiment of the present utility model.

[0031] In the figure: 100, ventilation and air conditioning system; 10, fresh air system; 11, fresh air duct; 12, electric fresh air valve; 13, purified fresh air unit; 14, pressurizing device; 20, return air system; 21, return air duct; 22, electric return air valve; 23, purified air conditioning unit; 30, exhaust air system; 31, exhaust air duct; 32, electric regulating valve; 33, pipeline filtering device; 40, filtering air outlet; 50, chilled water system; 51, water supply pipe; 52, return water pipe; 53, air-cooled heat pump; 54, circulating water pump; 61, flow sensor; 62, temperature and humidity sensor; 63, pressure sensor;

[0032] 200, airtight pressurized clean operating room; 201, pressurized clean operating room area; 202, scrub area; 203, patient transfer area; 204, buffer zone; 205, medical staff walkway; 206, medical staff dressing area; 207, waste bin; 208, transfer window; 209, unpacking area; 210, storage area; 211, second storage area; 212, waste treatment and packing area; 213, transition cabin area; 214, pressurized airtight door. Detailed implementation mode

[0033] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0034] As Figure 1 shown, the present utility model provides a ventilation and air conditioning system 100 that can be used in a pressurized clean operating room area at high altitudes. The pressurized clean operating room area has different cleanliness requirements according to the types of surgeries performed, and the cleanliness level corresponds to different air change rates and temperature and humidity. The pressurization and purification functions of the pressurized clean operating room area are mainly achieved by the ventilation and air conditioning system 100. The ventilation and air conditioning system 100 includes a fresh air system 10, a return air system 20, an exhaust air system 30, a chilled water system 50, and a filtering air outlet 40 provided in the airtight pressurized area. The fresh air volume, return air volume, and exhaust air volume are determined comprehensively according to the purification level and the load of the ventilation and air conditioning system 100.

[0035] The fresh air system 10 includes a fresh air duct 11, an electric fresh air valve 12, a purified fresh air unit 13, and a pressurizing device 14. The air inlet of the fresh air duct 11 is connected to the outside atmosphere, and the air outlet is connected to the filter air outlet 40 of the sealed pressurized area. The electric fresh air valve 12, the purified fresh air unit 13, and the pressurizing device 14 are arranged on the fresh air duct 11 in sequence along the fresh air flow direction. Among them, the purified fresh air unit 13 includes a pressurizing fan, a filter assembly, a first surface cooler, a first heater, and a first humidifier arranged in sequence along the fresh air flow direction. A flow sensor 61, a temperature and humidity sensor 62, and a pressure sensor 63 are also provided on the fresh air duct 11. Among them, a temperature and humidity sensor 62 is respectively arranged before and after the pressurizing device 14.

[0036] The return air system 20 includes a return air duct 21, an electric return air valve 22, and a purified air conditioning unit 23. The air inlet of the return air system 20 is connected to the indoor air of the sealed pressurized area, and the air outlet is connected to the filter air outlet 40 of the sealed pressurized area. The electric return air valve 22 and the purified air conditioning unit 23 are sequentially arranged on the return air duct 21. Among them, the purified air conditioning unit 23 includes a fan, a filter, a second surface cooler, a second heater, and a second humidifier arranged in sequence along the return air flow direction. A flow sensor 61 and a temperature and humidity sensor 62 are provided on the return air duct 21. Among them, a temperature and humidity sensor 62 is respectively arranged before and after the purified air conditioning unit 23.

[0037] The exhaust air system 30 includes an exhaust air duct 31 and an electric regulating valve 32. The air inlet of the exhaust air duct 31 is connected to the indoor air of the sealed pressurized area, and the air outlet is connected to the outside atmosphere; the electric regulating valve 32 is arranged on the exhaust air duct 31. A pipeline filtering device 33 is also provided at the air inlet of the exhaust air duct 31.

[0038] The air conditioning water system 50 includes an air-cooled heat pump 53, a water supply pipe 51, a water return pipe 52, and a circulating water pump 54; the air-cooled heat pump 53 is a heat exchange machine that can increase or decrease the water temperature; the water inlet of the water supply pipe 51 is connected to the air-cooled heat pump 53. One branch of the water outlet of the water supply pipe 51 is connected to the water inlet of the first surface cooler of the purified fresh air unit 13. The fresh air exchanges heat with the water from the air-cooled heat pump 53 in the first surface cooler to achieve the purpose of cooling or heating. The other branch of the water outlet of the water supply pipe 51 is connected to the water inlet of the second surface cooler of the purified air conditioning unit 23. The return air exchanges heat with the water from the air-cooled heat pump 53 in the second surface cooler to achieve the purpose of cooling or heating; one branch of the water inlet of the water return pipe 52 is connected to the water outlet of the first surface cooler of the purified fresh air unit 13, and the other branch is connected to the water outlet of the second surface cooler of the purified air conditioning unit 23. The water outlet of the water return pipe 52 is connected to the air-cooled heat pump 53 to form a circulation loop; the circulating water pump 54 is installed on the water return pipe 52.

[0039] The temperature and humidity control principle of the fresh air system 10 / return air system 20 is as follows: The working principle of the air-cooled heat pump 53 is based on the compression refrigeration cycle. Using the refrigerant as a carrier, heat is absorbed or discharged from the atmosphere through forced heat exchange by the fan to meet the cooling or heating requirements of water. In summer, the operating room needs to be cooled. The cold water generated by the air-cooled heat pump 53 enters the surface cooler and exchanges heat with the air passing through the surface cooler to achieve the purpose of cooling. Since the air temperature processed by the surface cooler is too low, an electric heater is needed for temperature adjustment. In winter, the operating room needs to be heated. The hot water generated by the air-cooled heat pump 53 enters the surface cooler and exchanges heat with the air passing through the surface cooler to achieve the purpose of heating. The electric heater then assists in heating the air. The humidifier generally uses an electric or electrode type dry steam humidifier to humidify the air, and a make-up water pipe (not shown in the figure) needs to be externally connected. The temperature control of the air mainly controls the water flow rate through the surface cooler, and the humidity control mainly controls the amount of steam sprayed into the air, so as to send the air that meets the temperature and humidity requirements into the room.

[0040] For further optimization, the ventilation and air-conditioning system 100 further includes a control system. Each sensor is respectively connected to the control system by signal and sends the collected signal to the control system; the control system is also respectively connected to the electric fresh air valve 12, electric return air valve 22, electric regulating valve 32, fresh air purification unit 13, pressurizing device 14, and purification air-conditioning unit 23 by signal to control their operating states.

[0041] For further optimization, two pressurizing devices 14 on the fresh air duct 11 are arranged in parallel and are used as spares for each other.

[0042] For further optimization, two circulating water pumps 54 on the return water pipe 52 are arranged in parallel and are used as spares for each other.

[0043] For further optimization, the filter assembly of the fresh air purification unit 13 includes a primary filter, a medium efficiency filter, and a sub-high efficiency filter arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the fresh air.

[0044] For further optimization, the filter of the purification air-conditioning unit 23 includes a medium efficiency filter.

[0045] It should be noted that both the fresh air purification unit 13 and the purification air-conditioning unit 23 can adopt existing mature modular air-conditioning unit equipment. However, the outer shells of the modular purification air-conditioning units on the existing market cannot meet the high pressure and airtightness requirements of pressurized buildings. The outer shell material of each component needs to be replaced with a 5-mm thick stainless steel plate material to meet the pressure-bearing capacity; the direct connection between components is connected by a gasket flange to meet the airtightness.

[0046] The working principle of the ventilation and air-conditioning system 100 of the present utility model: Fresh air enters the pressurizing device 14 after being processed by the purified fresh air unit 13, and pressurized air supply is carried out for the pressurized clean operating room area 201 to make the average equivalent altitude in the room reach the set value. The pressurizing device 14 is provided with a frequency converter, which can adjust the fresh air volume by frequency conversion to meet the requirements of fresh air volume for different cleanliness levels. Pollutants generated by surgical staff and equipment enter the purification air-conditioning unit 23 through the return air duct 21 for treatment, and then are mixed with fresh air and sent into the room through the high-efficiency filter air outlet 40 to continuously dilute the pollutants, so that the concentration of pollutants in the room reaches the requirements of the corresponding purification level. The electric control valve 32 of the exhaust system 30 discharges air to the outside under the action of the indoor and outdoor pressure difference by electrically adjusting the opening degree of the valve, achieving dynamic balance to maintain the indoor and outdoor pressure difference within the set range. The supply and return water pipes of the air-conditioning water system 50 are connected to the surface coolers in the purified fresh air unit 13 and the purification air-conditioning unit 23, and together with the heater and humidifier, jointly adjust the temperature and humidity of the fresh air and return air, so that the temperature and humidity of the clean operating area meet the requirements of the specification. The control system dynamically adjusts the air supply volume, humidification volume, water flow volume, and heating volume through the data fed back by each sensor, so that the temperature and humidity, cleanliness, and pressure value of the clean operating area always meet the requirements.

[0047] The advantages of the ventilation and air-conditioning system 100 of the present utility model are as follows: If only the fresh air system 10 is set, first, the outdoor temperature needs to be processed to be the same as the indoor temperature, wasting the energy consumption of the purified fresh air unit 13. The pressurizing fan needs to press a large amount of fresh air into the pressurized building, wasting the energy consumption of the pressurizing fan and the pressurizing device 14. In order to save energy consumption, the return air system 20 is introduced. The return air is the indoor air, which is at the same temperature as the indoor environment and does not require air-conditioning heating or cooling treatment, only purification and dehumidification, saving air-conditioning energy consumption; in addition, the return air system 20 does not require a pressurizing fan to press air into the room, only an ordinary fan is needed, so the fresh air volume that the pressurizing fan needs to press in is reduced, saving the energy consumption of the pressurizing fan.

[0048] The present utility model also proposes a sealed pressurized clean operating room 200, which includes a pressurized clean operating room area 201. The pressurized clean operating room area 201 is a pressurized area and is equipped with the above-mentioned ventilation and air-conditioning system 100; it also includes a patient flow channel, a medical staff flow channel, a clean item flow channel, and a waste flow channel that are respectively communicated with the pressurized clean operating room area 201.

[0049] As Figure 2As shown, it is the first embodiment of the sealed pressurized clean operating room 200. The sealed pressurized clean operating room 200 in this embodiment is a small-sized pressurized clean operating room, mainly used for short-duration and simple surgeries. The sealed pressurized clean operating room 200 includes a pressurized clean operating room area 201 and related auxiliary rooms. The auxiliary rooms include a scrub area 202, a patient transfer bed area 203, a buffer area 204, a medical staff dressing area 206, a transfer bucket 207, a transfer window 208, an unpacking area 209, a storage area 210, and a waste treatment and packing area 212. Among them, the pressurized clean operating room area 201 is a pressurized area ( Figure 2 the area indicated by the thick line in the middle), and the above-mentioned ventilation and air-conditioning system 100 is installed. The walls and the pressurized sealed door 214 of the pressurized area can withstand the corresponding pressure and maintain a certain airtightness. The other auxiliary rooms are non-pressurized areas. In order to avoid the mutual influence between the clean area and the non-clean area, the streamline layout of the sealed pressurized clean operating room 200 takes into account four different streamlines: patients, medical staff, clean items, and waste. The patient streamline is: patient transfer bed area 203 → scrub area 202 → pressurized clean operating room area 201. The medical staff streamline is: medical staff dressing area 206 → buffer area 204 → scrub area 202 → pressurized clean operating room area 201. The clean item streamline is: storage area 210 → unpacking area 209 → transfer window 208 → scrub area 202 → transfer bucket 207 → pressurized clean operating room area 201. The waste streamline is: pressurized clean operating room area 201 → waste treatment and packing area 212. Each functional area on each streamline is connected in sequence.

[0050] For further optimization, the transfer bucket 207 has pressure-bearing and airtight performance, with one door on the inside and one door on the outside. When it is necessary to send clean items into the pressurized clean operating room area 201, the operation steps are: open the outer door → put in the clean items → close the outer door → open the inner door → take out the clean items → close the inner door.

[0051] For further optimization, each functional area of the sealed pressurized clean operating room 200 adopts an assembled building mode, which can be quickly assembled and disassembled on-site, facilitating movement and transportation.

[0052] As Figure 3 shown, it is the second embodiment of the sealed pressurized clean operating room 200. The sealed pressurized clean operating room 200 in this embodiment is a large and medium-sized pressurized clean operating room, mainly used for long-duration and complex surgeries. The main difference in the functional layout between the large and medium-sized pressurized clean operating room and the small operating room is that, due to the long surgery time in the large and medium-sized pressurized clean operating room, medical staff need to enter and exit midway. In order to reduce the entry and exit time, transition cabin areas are added at the entrance and exit respectively. The pressurized clean operating room area 201 and the transition cabin area are pressurized areas ( Figure 3 the area indicated by the thick line in the middle), and the above-mentioned ventilation and air-conditioning system 100 is installed. The other auxiliary rooms are non-pressurized areas. The specific differences include:

[0053] (1) There is also a transition cabin area 213 between the pressurized clean operating room area 201 and the waste treatment and packing area 212; the transition cabin area 213 is a pressurized area, and the transition cabin area 213 adopts a pressurized airtight door 214. Accordingly, the corresponding waste flow line is adjusted to: pressurized clean operating room area 201 → transition cabin area 213 → waste treatment and packing area 212.

[0054] (2) The scrubbing area 202 is a pressurized area, serving as a scrubbing and transition cabin area, and adopting a pressurized airtight door 214.

[0055] (3) There is also a medical staff walkway 205 between the medical staff dressing area 206 and the buffer area 204 (for large and medium-sized operating rooms with a large number of personnel, an additional evacuation passage for personnel is added). Accordingly, the corresponding medical staff flow line is adjusted to: medical staff dressing area 206 → medical staff walkway 205 → buffer area 204 → scrubbing area 202 → pressurized clean operating room area 201.

[0056] (4) There is also a second storage area 211 between the transfer window 208 and the delivery bucket 207 (for large and medium-sized operating rooms with a large number of drugs, medical devices, etc., an additional storage area is added to temporarily store the unpacked drugs and medical devices). Accordingly, the corresponding clean item flow line is adjusted to: storage area 210 → unpacking area 209 → transfer window 208 → second storage area 211 → delivery bucket 207 → pressurized clean operating room area 201.

[0057] It should be noted that if there is no transition cabin area, the pressure in the pressurized clean operating room area 201 needs to be completely released before one can go out, which has a large space and takes a long time. Therefore, for large and medium-sized pressurized clean operating rooms, in order to reduce the entry and exit time, a transition cabin area is added. One only needs to pressurize or depressurize the small-space transition cabin area to enter and exit, and the time will be greatly shortened.

[0058] It should be understood that for those of ordinary skill in the art, improvements or transformations can be made according to the above description, and all such improvements and transformations should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An air ventilation and air conditioning system, characterized in that, It includes a fresh air system, a return air system, an exhaust air system, and a filter air outlet provided in an enclosed pressurized area; The fresh air system includes a fresh air duct, a purified fresh air unit, and a pressurizing device; the air inlet of the fresh air duct is connected to the outside atmosphere, and the air outlet is connected to the filter air outlet in the enclosed pressurized area; the purified fresh air unit and the pressurizing device are arranged on the fresh air duct in sequence along the flow direction of the fresh air; the purified fresh air unit includes a pressurizing fan, a filter assembly, and a first surface cooler arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the fresh air; The return air system includes a return air duct and a purified air conditioning unit; the air inlet of the return air system is connected to the indoor air in the enclosed pressurized area, and the air outlet is connected to the filter air outlet in the enclosed pressurized area; the purified air conditioning unit is arranged on the return air duct; the purified air conditioning unit includes a fan, a filter, and a second surface cooler arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the return air; The exhaust air system includes an exhaust air duct, the air inlet of the exhaust air duct is connected to the indoor air in the enclosed pressurized area, and the air outlet is connected to the outside atmosphere; By using the return air in the enclosed pressurized area to mix and supply air with the fresh air system, the energy consumption of the purified fresh air unit and the pressurizing device in the fresh air system is reduced.

2. The ventilation and air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein It also includes an air conditioning water system, the air conditioning water system includes an air-cooled heat pump, a water supply pipe, a return water pipe, and a circulation water pump; the water inlet of the water supply pipe is connected to the air-cooled heat pump, one branch of the water outlet of the water supply pipe is connected to the water inlet of the first surface cooler of the purified fresh air unit, the fresh air exchanges heat with the water from the air-cooled heat pump in the first surface cooler to achieve the purpose of cooling or heating, the other branch of the water outlet of the water supply pipe is connected to the water inlet of the second surface cooler of the purified air conditioning unit, the return air exchanges heat with the water from the air-cooled heat pump in the second surface cooler to achieve the purpose of cooling or heating; one branch of the water inlet of the return water pipe is connected to the water outlet of the first surface cooler of the purified fresh air unit, the other branch is connected to the water outlet of the second surface cooler of the purified air conditioning unit, the water outlet of the return water pipe is connected to the air-cooled heat pump; the circulation water pump is installed on the return water pipe.

3. The ventilation and air conditioning system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two circulation water pumps on the return water pipe are arranged in parallel and are used as backups for each other.

4. The ventilation and air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein, Two pressurizing devices on the fresh air duct are arranged in parallel and are used as backups for each other.

5. The ventilation and air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The purified fresh air unit further includes a first electric heater arranged after the first surface cooler, which is used for auxiliary heating treatment of the fresh air processed by the first surface cooler.

6. The ventilation and air conditioning system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The purified fresh air unit further includes a first humidifier arranged after the first electric heater, which is used for adjusting the humidity of the fresh air processed by the first electric heater.

7. The ventilation and air-conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The purified air conditioning unit further includes a second electric heater arranged after the second surface cooler, which is used for auxiliary heating treatment of the return air processed by the second surface cooler.

8. The ventilation and air conditioning system according to claim 7, wherein, The purified air conditioning unit further includes a second humidifier arranged after the second electric heater, which is used for adjusting the humidity of the return air processed by the second electric heater.

9. The ventilation and air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flow sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor are provided on the fresh air duct; a flow sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor are provided on the return air duct; each sensor is respectively connected to the control system of the ventilation and air conditioning system to send the collected signals to the control system.

10. The ventilation and air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, An electric fresh air valve is provided on the fresh air duct; an electric return air valve is provided on the return air duct; an electric regulating valve is provided on the exhaust duct; each valve is respectively connected to the control system of the ventilation and air conditioning system for receiving the control of the control system.

11. The ventilation and air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein A duct filtering device is also provided on the exhaust duct.

12. A sealed and pressurized clean operating room, characterized in that, It includes a pressurized clean operating room area, which is a pressurized area and is equipped with the ventilation and air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1-11; it also includes a patient flow channel, a medical staff flow channel, a clean item flow channel, and a waste flow channel that are respectively communicated with the pressurized clean operating room area.

13. The enclosed pressurized clean operating room according to claim 12, characterized in that, The sealed pressurized clean operating room further includes a scrubbing area, a patient bed changing area, a buffer area, a medical staff dressing area, a delivery bucket, a transfer window, an unpacking area, a storage area, and a waste treatment and packing area; the patient flow channel is: patient bed changing area → scrubbing area → pressurized clean operating room area; the medical staff flow channel is: medical staff dressing area → buffer area → scrubbing area → pressurized clean operating room area; the clean item flow channel is: storage area → unpacking area → transfer window → scrubbing area → delivery bucket → pressurized clean operating room area; the waste flow channel is: pressurized clean operating room area → waste treatment and packing area; each functional area on each flow channel is connected in sequence.

14. The enclosed pressurized clean operating room according to claim 13, wherein, A transition cabin area is also provided between the pressurized clean operating room area and the waste treatment and packing area; the transition cabin area is a pressurized area and is equipped with the ventilation and air conditioning system; the corresponding waste flow channel is: pressurized clean operating room area → transition cabin area → waste treatment and packing area.

15. The enclosed pressurized clean operating room according to claim 13, wherein, The scrubbing area is a pressurized area, serving as a scrubbing and transition cabin area, and is equipped with the ventilation and air conditioning system.

16. The enclosed pressurized clean operating room according to claim 13, wherein, A medical staff walkway is also provided between the medical staff dressing area and the buffer area, and the corresponding medical staff flow channel is: medical staff dressing area → medical staff walkway → buffer area → scrubbing area → pressurized clean operating room area.

17. The enclosed pressurized clean operating room according to claim 13, wherein A second storage area is also provided between the transfer window and the delivery bucket, and the corresponding clean item flow channel is: storage area → unpacking area → transfer window → second storage area → delivery bucket → pressurized clean operating room area.

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