Battery pack shell material reliability testing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery pack shell material reliability testing device, and relates to the technical field of electric power energy storage testing, the battery pack shell material reliability testing device comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, an upper cover, a lower cover, a lower cover, an upper cover and a lower cover, the bottom of the upper shell is provided with an opening, and the top surface is provided with a mounting port; the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper shell and seals the opening, and an accommodating space is formed by the bottom plate and the upper shell; the pressing ring is used for pressing a to-be-tested plate made of a to-be-tested battery pack shell material at the mounting opening and sealing the mounting opening; the battery thermal runaway assembly comprises a battery module and a heating plate, the battery module is arranged on the bottom plate and located in the containing space, and the heating plate is attached to the battery module. The reliability testing device for the battery pack shell material is simple in structure and convenient to operate, the to-be-tested plate subjected to thermal runaway of the battery module can be rapidly and reliably obtained, the reliability testing efficiency of the battery pack shell material is improved, and the economic cost and the time cost of the reliability testing of the shell material are effectively saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electric energy storage testing, and in particular to a reliability testing device for battery pack shell materials. Background Art

[0002] At present, the application of lithium battery energy storage systems is becoming more and more widespread, but the risk of thermal runaway causes lithium battery energy storage power stations to have a greater fire hazard. Therefore, fire protection research on lithium battery energy storage power stations is an important guarantee to ensure the normal and safe operation of lithium battery energy storage power stations. In the fire safety research of lithium batteries, due to the unique characteristics of lithium battery thermal runaway fires such as high temperature, rapid development, and large amount of smoke, and the thermal runaway characteristics of lithium batteries with different structures, different material systems, and different capacities are different, it is difficult to confirm the performance requirements of lithium battery shells through non-experimental methods. In addition, the materials that can be used for lithium battery shells include metals, plastics, and composite materials, and the shell molding processes of different materials are different.

[0003] In the related art, a test case is made by opening a mold and then testing the case separately to test and screen the available cases. However, this method will result in extremely high economic and time costs for testing, and low efficiency, which will greatly hinder the production of lithium battery case. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of some defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a battery pack shell material reliability testing device to solve the technical problem of low efficiency of battery pack shell testing in the related art.

[0005] The battery pack shell material reliability testing device of the present application includes:

[0006] An upper shell, having an opening at the bottom and a mounting opening at the top;

[0007] A bottom plate, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper shell and closes the opening, and forms a receiving space with the upper shell;

[0008] A pressing ring, which is used to press the test board made of the shell material of the battery pack to be tested into the above-mentioned installation opening and close the above-mentioned installation opening;

[0009] A battery thermal runaway component comprises a battery module and a heating plate. The battery module is arranged on the bottom plate and located in the accommodating space, and the heating plate is attached to the battery module.

[0010] In one embodiment, a projection of the battery module on the upper end surface of the upper shell is located within the installation opening.

[0011] In one embodiment, the area of the above installation opening is smaller than the area of the above test board and smaller than twice the area of the above battery module.

[0012] In one embodiment, a first sealing ring is provided between the above test board and the edge of the above installation opening;

[0013] The above pressing ring, test board, first sealing ring, and the edge of the above installation opening are correspondingly provided with first connection holes and are connected and fixed by first fasteners.

[0014] In one embodiment, the above first sealing ring and the above pressing ring have the same size, and the inner ring area of the two is greater than or equal to the area of the above installation opening.

[0015] In one embodiment, the above upper shell is provided with a ring of connecting ribs corresponding to the above bottom plate, and the connecting ribs and the bottom plate are connected by second fasteners.

[0016] In one embodiment, a second sealing ring is provided between the above upper shell and the above bottom plate;

[0017] The above connecting ribs, second sealing ring, and the above bottom plate are correspondingly provided with second connection holes and are connected and fixed by the above second fasteners;

[0018] The above connecting ribs and the second sealing ring have the same size.

[0019] In one embodiment, a wire passing hole is provided on the side wall of the above upper shell, and a fireproof plugging is filled at the wire passing hole;

[0020] A pressure relief valve is further provided on the side wall of the above upper shell.

[0021] In one embodiment, the above upper shell and the pressing ring are both made of steel materials, and the above bottom plate is a cast aluminum plate.

[0022] In one embodiment, the above test device further includes a detection component disposed on the above bottom plate and within the above accommodation space, and the detection component includes a pressure sensor for detecting air pressure and a temperature sensor for detecting temperature.

[0023] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application include:

[0024] The reliability test device for the battery pack housing material of the present application includes an upper shell, a bottom plate, a pressing ring, and a battery thermal runaway component. An opening is provided at the bottom of the upper shell, and an installation opening is provided on the top surface of the upper shell for installing the to-be-tested plate mentioned above; the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper shell and closes the bottom opening of the upper shell, and the bottom plate and the upper shell form an accommodation space; the pressing ring is used to press the to-be-tested plate on the installation opening and close the installation opening; the battery thermal runaway component includes a battery module and a heating plate, the battery module is arranged on the bottom plate and located within the accommodation space, and the heating plate is attached to the battery module. The structure of the present application is simple and the operation is convenient. It can quickly and reliably obtain the to-be-tested plate that has experienced the thermal runaway of the battery module, improve the reliability test efficiency of the battery pack housing material, and thus effectively save the economic cost and time cost of the housing material reliability test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the reliability test device for the battery pack housing material in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the reliability test device for the battery pack housing material in the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] In the figure:

[0029] 1. Upper shell; 11. Installation opening; 12. Connecting rib; 13. Wire passing hole; 14. Fireproof plugging; 15. Pressure relief valve;

[0030] 2. Bottom plate; 3. Pressing ring; 4. Battery module; 5. First sealing ring; 6. Second sealing ring; 7. Air pressure sensor; 8. Temperature sensor; 9. To-be-tested plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present application, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] The embodiment of the present application provides a reliability test device for the battery pack housing material, which can solve the technical problem of low test efficiency of the battery pack housing in the related art.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reliability test device for the battery pack housing material in this embodiment. As Figure 1 shown, the reliability test device for the battery pack housing material in this embodiment is used to perform a reliability test on the test plate 9 made of the battery pack housing material to be tested. The test device includes an upper shell 1, a bottom plate 2, a pressure ring 3, and a battery thermal runaway component.

[0034] As Figure 2 shown, an opening is provided at the bottom of the upper shell 1, and an installation opening 11 is provided on the top surface of the upper shell 1 for installing the test plate 9. The bottom plate 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper shell 1 and closes the bottom opening of the upper shell, and the bottom plate 2 and the upper shell 1 form an accommodation space. The pressure ring 3 is used to press the test plate 9 against the installation opening 11 and close the installation opening 11.

[0035] The battery thermal runaway component includes a battery module 4 and a heating plate. The battery module 4 is arranged on the bottom plate 2 and located in the accommodation space, and the heating plate is attached to the battery module 4.

[0036] In this embodiment, by covering the test plate made of the battery pack housing material to be tested on the installation opening of the upper shell 1 and pressing the pressure ring on the test plate to fix the test plate at the installation opening, then fixing the battery module and the heating plate on the bottom plate, and then fixing the upper shell on the bottom plate to obtain a sealed box to simulate the battery pack environment, the battery module can be heated by the heating plate until the battery module undergoes thermal runaway, so as to quickly obtain the test plate that has experienced the thermal runaway of the battery module and determine the reliability of the test plate.

[0037] Optionally, it can be judged whether the battery module undergoes thermal runaway when the heating plate is heated for a certain period of time.

[0038] The reliability test device for the battery pack housing material in this embodiment has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can quickly and reliably obtain the test plate that has experienced the thermal runaway of the battery module, improve the reliability test efficiency of the battery pack housing material, and thus effectively save the economic cost and time cost of the reliability test of the housing material.

[0039] Optionally, the heating plate is attached to the side surface of the battery module 4, that is, the side surface of the outermost row of battery cells with a larger area, so as to increase the contact area between the heating plate and the battery module 4 and achieve a quick reach of the thermal runaway state of the battery module.

[0040] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the projection of the battery module 4 on the upper end surface of the upper shell 1 is located within the installation opening 11. That is, the area of the installation opening 11 is larger than the area of the battery module 4.

[0041] In this embodiment, by positioning the projection of the battery module 4 on the upper end surface of the upper shell 1 within the installation opening 11, the actual battery pack space can be simulated to more accurately obtain the test board 9 that has experienced thermal runaway of the battery module.

[0042] Furthermore, the area of the installation opening 11 is smaller than the area of the test board 9 and also smaller than twice the area of the battery module 4. The cross-sectional shape of the battery module 4 in a plane parallel to the plane of the installation opening is rectangular, and the area of the battery module 4 is: the area of the rectangle, that is, the cross-sectional area parallel to the plane of the installation opening.

[0043] In this embodiment, by controlling the area of the installation opening 11 to be smaller than the area of the test board 9 and smaller than twice the area of the battery module 4, the situation of the actual battery pack can be more closely approximated, further improving the accuracy of the reliability judgment result of the test board.

[0044] Preferably, the area of the installation opening 11 is 1.5 times the area of the battery module 4.

[0045] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, a first sealing ring 5 is provided between the test board 9 and the edge of the installation opening 11.

[0046] Corresponding first connection holes are provided on the pressing ring 3, the test board 9, the first sealing ring 5, and the edge of the installation opening 11, and they are connected and fixed by first fasteners.

[0047] Optionally, the first fastener is a fastening bolt.

[0048] In this embodiment, by providing the first sealing ring 5 between the test board 9 and the edge of the installation opening 11, the connection sealing performance between the test board 9 and the upper shell 1 is increased.

[0049] Optionally, the first sealing ring 5 and the pressing ring 3 have the same size, and the inner ring area of both is greater than or equal to the area of the installation opening 11.

[0050] Preferably, the inner ring areas of the first sealing ring 5 and the pressing ring 3 are both equal to the area of the installation opening 11.

[0051] Furthermore, a ring of connecting ribs 12 is provided on the upper shell 1 corresponding to the bottom plate 2, and the connecting ribs 12 and the bottom plate 2 are connected by second fasteners.

[0052] Optionally, the second fastener is a fastening bolt.

[0053] In this embodiment, the upper shell 1 is detachably connected to the bottom plate 2, facilitating the installation of the battery module.

[0054] Preferably, a second sealing ring 6 is provided between the upper shell 1 and the bottom plate 2.

[0055] The connecting rib 12, the second sealing ring 6, and the bottom plate 2 are correspondingly provided with second connecting holes and are connected and fixed by the second fasteners.

[0056] In this embodiment, by providing a second sealing ring 6 between the upper shell 1 and the bottom plate 2, the connection sealing performance between the upper shell 1 and the bottom plate 2 is increased.

[0057] Furthermore, the connecting rib 12 and the second sealing ring 6 have the same size to further improve the sealing effect.

[0058] Preferably, both the first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 6 are sealing rubber rings, and a fluororubber high-temperature-resistant sealing rubber ring is used, with a width of 1.5 cm.

[0059] Based on the above embodiment, in this embodiment, a wire passing hole 13 is provided on the side wall of the upper shell 1, and a fireproof seal 14 is filled at the wire passing hole.

[0060] Furthermore, a pressure relief valve 15 is also provided on the side wall of the upper shell 1.

[0061] Preferably, both the upper shell 1 and the pressing ring 3 are made of steel materials, and the bottom plate 2 is a cast aluminum plate.

[0062] In this embodiment, the steel upper shell needs to be pressure-resistant at least 20 MPa. Preferably, a steel upper shell with a thickness of 1.5 mm is used.

[0063] In this embodiment, a wire passing hole 13, a fireproof seal 14, and a pressure relief valve 15 are provided on the steel upper shell.

[0064] The diameter of the wire passing hole 13 can be 2 cm, and the fireproof seal 14 can use fireproof mud. Optionally, the fireproof mud seal can adopt a structure of sealing both inside and outside the shell to ensure pressure resistance.

[0065] The explosion-proof pressure of the pressure relief valve 15 is 10 - 15 kPa, and the protection level is IP67.

[0066] Furthermore, the width of the steel pressing ring 3 is 1.5 cm. The bottom plate 2 is a cast aluminum plate with a thickness of 1 cm.

[0067] In other embodiments, the bottom plate 2 can also be made of steel materials.

[0068] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the above test device further includes a detection component, which is disposed on the bottom plate 2 and located within the above accommodation space. The above detection component includes a barometric pressure sensor 7 and a temperature sensor 8.

[0069] The above barometric pressure sensor 7 is used to detect the air pressure within the accommodation space formed by the above upper shell 1 and the bottom plate 2; the above temperature sensor 8 is used to detect the temperature within the accommodation space formed by the above upper shell 1 and the bottom plate 2.

[0070] In this embodiment, the barometric pressure sensor 7 and the temperature sensor 8 can be used to quickly determine whether the above battery module 4 is thermally out of control.

[0071] In this embodiment, the above test board 9 is a plate, and holes are drilled at the edge according to the screw hole positions to facilitate connection and fixation.

[0072] Optionally, the above battery module is a lithium battery pack. The lithium battery pack can use square shell batteries. The battery system uses ternary polymer lithium-ion batteries or lithium iron phosphate batteries, and the battery capacity is 50 - 314 Ah. The lithium battery pack and the heating plate are fastened by a steel belt, and the fastening pressure can be selected as 500 N.

[0073] Preferably, the size of the above heating plate is the same as the side size of the lithium battery pack and fits on the lithium battery pack. The power of the heating plate can be selected as 500 - 2000 W.

[0074] As Figure 2 shown, preferably, the barometric pressure sensor 7 and the temperature sensor 8 are located on one side of the battery module 4, and the heating plate fits on the side of the battery module 4 away from the barometric pressure sensor 7 and the temperature sensor 8.

[0075] When the test device of this embodiment is in use, it specifically includes:

[0076] First step, after charging the lithium battery pack to 100% SOC and fixedly connecting the heating plate, place it on the bottom plate, lay a second sealing ring on the bottom plate, install the steel upper shell, and fasten it with bolts. Among them, the barometric pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are both fixed on the bottom plate.

[0077] Second step, lead out the wires of the heating plate, the barometric pressure sensor, and the temperature sensor through the wire passing holes from inside the upper shell, and seal the wire passing holes with fireproof mud.

[0078] Third step, sequentially install a first sealing ring, the test board, and a steel pressing ring on the steel upper shell, and fasten them with bolts.

[0079] Fourthly, turn on the heating plate to induce thermal runaway of the battery, and determine whether there is thermal runaway through the air pressure sensor 7 and the temperature sensor 8. At this time, when the temperature and air pressure in the accommodation space formed by the upper shell and the bottom plate reach a certain threshold, it is determined that the lithium battery pack has thermal runaway, or when the rising rate of the air pressure and temperature in the accommodation space reaches a certain threshold, it is determined that the lithium battery pack has thermal runaway.

[0080] Fifthly, when it is determined that the lithium battery has thermal runaway, at this time, disconnect the heating plate, and then after standing for 24 hours, the temperature in the battery pack returns to room temperature, and then the test plate can be removed to obtain the test plate that has experienced thermal runaway of the battery module.

[0081] Subsequently, the removed test plate can be inspected to determine the reliability of the test plate.

[0082] The test device of this embodiment covers the above-mentioned test plate on the installation opening of the upper shell, then presses the pressure ring on the test plate to fix the test plate at the installation opening, then sets the battery module, the heating plate and the detection component on the bottom plate, and then fixes the upper shell on the bottom plate to obtain a sealed box to simulate the battery pack environment. Then, the battery module can be heated by the heating plate until the battery module has thermal runaway. At this time, disconnect the heating plate, and after standing for a period of time, remove the test plate for inspection to judge the performance reliability of the test plate. Using general-purpose plates can verify the performance of the battery pack housing material, greatly reducing the economic and time costs of housing research and development, and providing a reliable guarantee for the application of the housing.

[0083] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper" and "lower" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0084] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0085] The above are only specific embodiments of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A reliability test device for a battery pack housing material, characterized in that, The test device includes: An upper shell (1) with an opening at its bottom and an installation opening (11) on its top surface; A bottom plate (2) fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper shell (1) to close the opening and form a receiving space with the upper shell (1); A pressing ring (3) for pressing a test plate (9) made of the housing material of the battery pack to be tested onto the installation opening (11) and closing the installation opening (11); A battery thermal runaway assembly including a battery module (4) and a heating plate, the battery module (4) being disposed on the bottom plate (2) and within the receiving space, and the heating plate being attached to the battery module (4).

2. The reliability testing device for the battery pack housing material according to claim 1, wherein: The projection of the battery module (4) on the upper end surface of the upper shell (1) is located within the installation opening (11).

3. The reliability test device for the battery pack housing material according to claim 2, wherein: The area of the installation opening (11) is smaller than the area of the test plate (9) and smaller than twice the area of the battery module (4).

4. The reliability test device for the battery pack housing material according to claim 1, wherein: A first sealing ring (5) is provided between the test plate (9) and the edge of the installation opening (11); The pressing ring (3), the test plate (9), the first sealing ring (5), and the edge of the installation opening (11) are correspondingly provided with first connection holes and are connected and fixed by first fasteners.

5. The reliability test device for the battery pack housing material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first sealing ring (5) has the same size as the pressing ring (3), and the inner ring areas of the two are greater than or equal to the area of the installation opening (11).

6. The reliability test device for the battery pack housing material according to claim 1, wherein: The upper shell (1) is correspondingly provided with a ring of connecting ribs (12) for the bottom plate (2), and the connecting ribs (12) and the bottom plate (2) are connected by second fasteners.

7. The reliability test device for the battery pack housing material according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second sealing ring (6) is provided between the upper shell (1) and the bottom plate (2); The connecting ribs (12), the second sealing ring (6), and the bottom plate (2) are correspondingly provided with second connection holes and are connected and fixed by the second fasteners; The connecting ribs (12) have the same size as the second sealing ring (6).

8. The reliability test device for the battery pack housing material according to claim 6, wherein: A wire passing hole (13) is provided on the side wall of the upper shell (1), and a fireproof sealant (14) is filled at the wire passing hole; A pressure relief valve (15) is further provided on the side wall of the upper shell (1).

9. The reliability test device for the battery pack housing material according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both the upper shell (1) and the pressing ring (3) are made of steel materials, and the bottom plate (2) is a cast aluminum plate.

10. The reliability test device for the battery pack housing material according to claim 1, wherein: The test device further includes a detection component disposed on the bottom plate (2) and within the receiving space, and the detection component includes a pressure sensor (7) for detecting air pressure and a temperature sensor (8) for detecting temperature.

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