3D printing brain puncture guide plate designed in suspension mode

Abstract

The utility model relates to a medical auxiliary instrument, in particular to a suspended 3D printing brain puncture guide plate which comprises a guide plate body. The guide plate body comprises an eyebrow arch fixing curved surface and a nose root fixing curved surface which are matched with bony physiological characteristics of a patient, the lower side of the middle section of the eyebrow arch fixing curved surface extends downwards to form the nose root fixing curved surface, and the whole guide plate body is in a T shape; the guide plate body further comprises a nose tip fixing curved surface and a nose side overhanging curved surface; the nose tip fixing curved surface is formed by downwards extending the lower part of the nose root fixing curved surface and can cover the nose tip of a patient; one side of the nose tip fixing curved surface extends leftwards / rightwards to form a nose side overhanging curved surface; multi-point fixing is carried out through the eyebrow arch fixing curved surface, the nose root fixing curved surface, the nose tip fixing curved surface and the like, the whole fixing is more stable through the multi-point fixing mode, compared with a traditional simple skin attaching fixing mode, displacement is not prone to being generated, the accuracy of puncture guiding can be guaranteed, and the puncture guiding effect is good. And interference caused by movement of body surface tissues is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to medical auxiliary instruments, specifically a 3D printed puncture guide plate. Background Art

[0002] A puncture guide plate is a type of puncture guiding instrument applied in puncture sampling and minimally invasive surgery. It generally includes a guide plate body attached to the surface of human tissue and capable of forming stable fixation, and a guiding channel provided on the guide plate body. During use, first fix the guide plate body on the patient's body surface, and then use the guiding channel to guide the puncture component for puncture.

[0003] In recent years, with the rapid development of 3D printing technology, the individually customized guide plate relying on 3D printing has gradually come into the public eye. By comprehensively scanning the patient's body surface tissue and lesion tissue, it can construct a guide plate body that meets the individual differential requirements, not only with higher accuracy but also better individual adaptability, which has a positive significance for the lean development of medical diagnosis and treatment.

[0004] However, the puncture guide plates currently widely used in the market mainly have the following problems:

[0005] 1. The attachment tissue of the guide plate body is directly selected on the body surface corresponding exactly to the target puncture position, and then the guiding channel is constructed on the guide plate body. By opening a guiding hole or a lengthened guiding hole on the guide plate body to form the guiding channel, the puncture component is used to perform puncture from within the guiding channel. However, this causes the body surface at the puncture target position to be completely covered by the guide plate body, occupying the surgical space and being unfavorable for the deployment and operation of instruments.

[0006] 2. The selection of the body surface fixation tissue on which the guide plate body relies is still not stable enough. It mainly depends on the skin on the body surface or a single bony feature. When constructing the guiding channel, it is difficult to form a truly high-precision positioning. There is still a large room for improvement in the selection of the positioning basis.

[0007] 3. For the construction of the guiding channel of the existing puncture guide plate, a closed structure is adopted, which is usually a round hole or a round tube. In this structural form, after the puncture is completed, the puncture component cannot be separated from the guiding channel. That is to say, after the puncture is completed and the guiding channel no longer needs to play a guiding role, since the puncture component cannot be separated from the guiding channel, the puncture guide plate has to be retained, which also causes great interference to the surgical field and operation. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a 3D printed brain puncture guide plate with a suspended design that can achieve stable positioning through multi-point fixation.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present utility model is as follows: A 3D printed brain puncture guide plate with a suspended design, including a guide plate body;

[0010] The guide plate body includes a superciliary arch fixed curved surface and a nasal root fixed curved surface adapted to the bony physiological characteristics of the patient. The nasal root fixed curved surface extends downward from the lower side of the middle section of the superciliary arch fixed curved surface, and the guide plate body is overall in a T shape;

[0011] The guide plate body further includes a nasal tip fixed curved surface and a nasal side overhanging curved surface; The nasal tip fixed curved surface extends downward from the lower part of the nasal root fixed curved surface and can cover the nasal tip of the patient; One side of the nasal tip fixed curved surface extends left / right to form a nasal side overhanging curved surface;

[0012] It further includes a support cantilever for connecting the guide plate body and the guide tube. The connection position of the support cantilever and the guide plate body is located on the nasal side overhanging curved surface.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the support cantilever is located in the middle of the nasal side overhanging curved surface, and the other end is located in the middle of the guide tube.

[0014] Preferably, the length of the guide plate body in the transverse direction at the superciliary arch fixed curved surface is not less than 8 cm.

[0015] Preferably, the length of the guide plate body in the longitudinal direction is not less than 8 cm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: Through multi-point fixation by the superciliary arch fixed curved surface, nasal root fixed curved surface, nasal tip fixed curved surface, etc., the multi-point fixation form makes the overall fixation more stable. At the same time, the superciliary arch, nasal root, nasal tip, etc. belong to the areas of the human face with bony characteristics. Compared with the traditional simple skin attachment fixation method, it is not easy to generate displacement, can ensure the accuracy of puncture guidance, and prevent interference caused by the movement of body surface tissues. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model when the support cantilever is an arc-shaped bent arm;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model when the support cantilever is a corner bent arm;

[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a schematic structural diagram of the structure shown in when provided with an arc connection section;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model when provided with a nasal tip fixed curved surface and a nasal side fixed curved surface;

[0021] Figure 5Schematic diagram of a structure that preferably uses a real-time method for the guiding tube. Detailed implementation mode

[0022] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1-4 the shown puncture guide plate, which is mainly applied to the puncture guidance of the human head, such as: the puncture guidance of trigeminal neuralgia balloon compression, the puncture guidance in intracerebral hemorrhage surgery, etc., to achieve the precise positioning of the puncture instrument. The puncture guide plate is modeled according to the scan data of the patient and integrally formed by 3D printing. The scanning method can specifically be CT scanning or MRI scanning, or a combination of the two to obtain scan data and model. It is modeled according to the patient's head data (such as: superficial tissue data, bone data, lesion data, etc.), and then processed to obtain a puncture guide plate that best matches the physiological characteristics of the patient.

[0024] Finally, the puncture guide plate is directly integrally printed using 3D printing technology. The puncture guide plate mainly includes a guide plate body 1 and a guiding tube 2. The guide plate body 1 is worn on the patient's face and fixed with a head rope or other auxiliary tools, and the guiding tube 2 thereon is used to guide the puncture instrument. Compared with the traditional puncture guide plate, the present invention has been improved mainly in three major structures, including: 1. The suspended structure of the guiding tube; 2. The multi-point bony positioning structure of the guide plate body; 3. The open guiding structure (non-closed) of the guiding tube; Below, the above core improvement solutions will be elaborated in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] I. The suspended structure of the guiding tube;

[0026] The present invention abandons the traditional method of directly constructing the guiding tube 2 (guiding hole) on the guide plate body 1. Instead, the guide plate body 1 and the guiding tube 2 are suspended and supported by a support cantilever 3, that is to say, the guiding tube 2 is connected to the guide plate body 1 through the support cantilever 3. Of course, in this structure, the support cantilever 3 is also integrally formed with the guide plate body 1 and the guiding tube 2 by 3D printing. Compared with the method of printing separately and then assembling, the integral forming can effectively avoid assembly errors and make the puncture positioning accuracy higher.

[0027] Example 1: Taking the balloon compression puncture guide plate for trigeminal neuralgia in clinical practice as an example, currently in clinical practice for patients with trigeminal neuralgia, the balloon compression method can be selected for treatment, also known as percutaneous micro-balloon compression. Relatively speaking, it is a unique surgical method, mainly suitable for some elderly and frail patients with poor physical conditions who cannot tolerate surgery and are recommended to choose percutaneous micro-balloon compression. The surgical method is to puncture the foramen ovale to the trigeminal ganglion and introduce a balloon, and the balloon is introduced into the cavity through the puncture needle, so as to compress the trigeminal ganglion, significantly reducing the pain conduction of the patient and achieving the ideal treatment purpose. Most patients can achieve ideal treatment effects after undergoing the surgery.

[0028] In the above-mentioned balloon compression for trigeminal neuralgia, the commonly used puncture guide plate in the existing technology is a guide plate body attached to the patient's face. A guiding hole is directly formed on the guide plate body during 3D printing, and it is fixed on the patient's face for puncture guidance. Since the puncture position is on the patient's face, in order to ensure the stability of fixation, the guide plate body often has a relatively large area and will block the mouth. In this way, since the guide plate body completely covers the patient's oral area, during the puncture operation, other auxiliary operations such as intubation cannot be performed in the oral area, that is, an operation space is reserved in the oral area. However, due to the opening and closing of the mouth, it will also cause the displacement of the guide plate body, resulting in guiding errors.

[0029] As Figure 4 shown in, a puncture guide plate adopting the solution of the present utility model connects the guiding tube 2 and the guide plate body 1 through a support cantilever 3. The guide plate body 1 does not need to be directly fixed on the face and in the area close to the mouth, but can choose relatively farther positions such as the eyebrow arch and nasal root bone for positioning and fixation. This method can flexibly adjust the fixation position of the guide plate body 1, and can choose other areas with more obvious bony characteristics on the face as the positioning area, rather than choosing nearby around the puncture target position.

[0030] Example 2: Taking the puncture guide plate for cerebral hemorrhage as an example, the existing puncture guide plate for cerebral hemorrhage is usually just a guide plate attached to the scalp on the top of the head. A guiding hole is set on the guide plate. When it is necessary to cooperate with a craniotomy, this method also causes great interference and will interfere with the operation space of the craniotomy. As Figure 1 shown in, after using this support cantilever 3 to suspend and support the guiding tube 2, it is also possible to choose areas such as the eyebrow arch and nasal root bone with more significant bony characteristics for fixing the guide plate body 2.

[0031] Of course, according to requirements, the support cantilever 3 of the present utility model can be either a straight arm or a bent arm, but the bent arm is more common, and the bent arm can effectively avoid obstacles. Considering both the support performance and the obstacle avoidance performance, generally, the angle between a section of the support cantilever 3 close to the guide tube 2 and the guide tube 2 is 70-90°, and the angle should not be too large or too small. At the same time, according to the relative position and length of the support cantilever, it can also adopt, for example, Figure 1 as shown, an arc-shaped bent arm or Figure 2 and 3 a corner bent arm as shown. Generally, when the support distance is relatively long, >15 CM, a corner bent arm is more commonly selected, and some protrusions on the face can be avoided through its larger corner. When the support distance is relatively short, ≤15 CM, an arc-shaped bent arm is more commonly selected. At the same time, considering the support stability of the corner bent arm when the support distance is long, an arc-shaped connecting section 4 for connecting two sections of the support cantilever 3 can also be provided inside the corner of the support cantilever 3, and the setting of the arc-shaped connecting section 4 shall not affect the erection of the guide tube 2. Similarly, due to the limitations of the characteristics of 3D printing materials, for some materials with not particularly excellent support performance, since they are relatively soft, in order to prevent them from deforming and ensure the positioning accuracy, a reinforcing rib (strengthening rib) extending along the length direction of the support cantilever 3 can also be provided on the surface of the support cantilever 3.

[0032] II. Multi-point bony positioning of the guide plate body;

[0033] The guide plate body 1 of the present utility model selects the positions of the superciliary arch and the nasal root bone (near the inner canthus of the eye and the bridge of the nose) with more prominent bony features for positioning the guide plate body 1. Once fixed, it can effectively prevent situations such as skin traction or displacement due to shaking, and ensure the accuracy of puncture positioning. Therefore, the guide plate body 1 of the present utility model includes a superciliary arch fixing curved surface 5 and a nasal root fixing curved surface 6 adapted to the bony physiological characteristics of the patient. The nasal root fixing curved surface 6 extends downward from the lower side of the middle section of the superciliary arch fixing curved surface 5, and the guide plate body 1 is generally in a T shape. By forming multi-point cooperative bony fixation, the puncture guiding accuracy is ensured.

[0034] Generally, for an intracerebral hemorrhage puncture guide plate, such as Figures 1-3 shown, the guide plate body 1 only needs to include a T-shaped structure of the superciliary arch fixing curved surface 5 and the nasal root fixing curved surface 6. At this time, the connection position between the support cantilever 3 and the guide plate body 1 is usually located on the superciliary arch fixing curved surface 5.

[0035] When it is used as a puncture guide plate for trigeminal neuralgia balloon compression, such as Figure 4As shown, the guide plate body 1 further includes a nose tip fixing curved surface 7 and a nasal side overhanging curved surface 8. The nose tip fixing curved surface 7 is formed by extending downward from the lower part of the nasal root fixing curved surface 6 and can cover the patient's nose tip. One side of the nose tip fixing curved surface 7 extends left / right to form the nasal side overhanging curved surface 8. The connection position of the support cantilever 3 and the guide plate body 1 is located on the nasal side overhanging curved surface 8.

[0036] Theoretically, the position of the connection end of the support cantilever 3 and the guide plate body 1 on the guide plate body 1 follows the principle of proximity, that is, the position closest to the guiding tube 2 and with sufficient stability is used as the rooting point of the support cantilever 3. When the nasal side overhanging curved surface 8 is provided, one end of the support cantilever 3 is located in the middle of the nasal side overhanging curved surface 8, and the other end is located in the middle of the guiding tube 2. Although multi-point bone fixation is adopted, in order to further ensure the positioning accuracy, the transverse length of the guide plate body 1 at the eyebrow arch fixing curved surface 5 is not less than 8 cm, and the longitudinal length of the guide plate body 1 is not less than 8 cm.

[0037] III. Open guiding structure of the guiding tube;

[0038] The guiding tube 2 of the present utility model abandons the traditional closed circular tube form and adopts a semi-circular tube structure. While having the puncture guiding function, due to its non-closed structure, it is also very convenient for the separation of the puncture instrument (such as a puncture needle) from the guiding tube 2. After the puncture is completed, the fixation of the guide plate body 1 is released, and the guiding tube 2 can be directly separated from the side of the puncture instrument. For further convenience in operation, generally the open side of the semi-circular tube of the guiding tube 2 faces away from the support cantilever 3. As Figures 2-4 shown, that is to say, the rooting point of the support cantilever 3 on the guiding tube 2 is located on the side facing away from the opening of the semi-circular tube.

[0039] Of course, when the operation proficiency of the operating doctor is still insufficient, the guiding accuracy through the semi-circular guiding tube 2 has a certain difference compared with the closed type. For this reason, the present utility model can also adopt a combined guiding channel, that is, as Figure 5 shown, a detachable guiding cover 9 is provided on the open side of the guiding tube 2. The guiding cover 9 is also in the form of a semi-circular tube, and the guiding tube 2 and the guiding cover 9 jointly enclose a guiding channel. The guiding cover 9 and the guiding tube 2 are printed separately, and the two can be flexibly detachably connected.

[0040] One preferred form of detachable connection is, as Figure 5As shown in the figure, concave card slots 10 are provided on the outer side walls on both sides of the guiding tube 2, and card edges 11 that cooperate with the card slots 10 are provided on both sides of the guiding cover 9. The card edges 11 of the guiding cover 9 can be inserted into the card slots 10 along the length direction of the guiding tube 2. On this basis, the card slots 10 do not need to be set as through slots. They can extend from the head end (close to the human body) of the guiding tube 2 to a position close to the tail end (far from the human body), leaving a retaining platform at the tail end. When combination is required, the guiding cover 9 can be inserted from one end to form a closed guiding channel. After use, the guiding cover 9 can be directly pulled out to form a semi-closed guiding channel, which is convenient for separation.

[0041] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification are only the preferred examples of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A 3D printed brain puncture guide plate with a suspended design, comprising a guide plate body (1); It is characterized in that: The guide plate body (1) includes a supraorbital fixed curved surface (5) and a radix nasi fixed curved surface (6) adapted to the bony physiological characteristics of the patient. The radix nasi fixed curved surface (6) extends downward from the lower side of the middle section of the supraorbital fixed curved surface (5). The guide plate body (1) is integrally T-shaped; The guide plate body (1) further includes a nasal tip fixed curved surface (7) and a nasal side overhanging curved surface (8); the nasal tip fixed curved surface (7) extends downward from the lower part of the radix nasi fixed curved surface (6) and can cover the nasal tip of the patient; one side of the nasal tip fixed curved surface (7) extends left / right to form a nasal side overhanging curved surface (8); It further includes a support cantilever (3) for connecting the guide plate body (1) and the guide tube (2). The connection position of the support cantilever (3) and the guide plate body (1) is located on the nasal side overhanging curved surface (8).

2. The 3D printed brain puncture guide plate with a suspended design according to claim 1, wherein: One end of the support cantilever (3) is located in the middle of the nasal side overhanging curved surface (8), and the other end is located in the middle of the guide tube (2).

3. The 3D printed brain puncture guide plate with a suspended design according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the guide plate body (1) in the transverse direction at the supraorbital fixed curved surface (5) is not less than 8 cm.

4. The 3D printed brain puncture guide plate with a suspended design according to claim 2, wherein: The longitudinal length of the guide plate body (1) is not less than 8 cm.

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