708 results about "Brain section" patented technology

A method of treating a brain disorder by heat transfer from brain tissue comprising the steps of surgically cutting a heat transfer aperture into a patient's skull, thereby exposing a predetermined portion of patient's brain; surgically implanting into said heat transfer aperture a heat pump having one or more electrical sensor elements and one or more temperature sensor elements; surgically implanting a heat transfer management unit in a body cavity of said patient such that a micro controller of the heat transfer management unit is connected to one or more activity sensor elements and one or more temperature sensor elements contacting brain tissue and connecting the heat transfer management unit to said heat pump via a lead bundle. Optionally, the heat transfer unit may be located external to the patient's body. Responsive to signals from one or more activity or temperature sensor elements, mathematical algorithms of the heat transfer management unit determine abnormal brain activity, causing the heat pump to remove heat from the brain tissue into a heat sink, thereby cooling the predetermined portion of the patient's brain. This technique utilizes acute hypothermia by means of a Peltier cooler or similar device to cool the brain temperature to reduce or prevent seizure initiation and/or propagation. The method may be used in association with brain stimulation and/or drug application to acutely avoid the occurrence of a seizure episode.

A system of accessing the brain of a subject to record and/or stimulate brain stares thereof. The system includes control means, first accessing means having a plurality of contact surfaces configured to operatively connect the control means to the brain of the subject to provide three-dimensional stimulation thereof; second accessing means having a plurality of contact surfaces to operatively connect the control means to the brain of the subject to provide access thereto for the purposes of obtaining three-dimensional recordings of the brain electrical activity of the subject; and a waveform bank containing a plurality of stimulating waveforms. The control means is configured to operative apply a first at least one of the stimulating waveforms of the waveform bank to the brain of the subject through the first accessing means and to assess acceptability within defined limits, as determined by preset criteria, of the subject's response to the application of the at first least one of the stimulating waveforms.

The invention relates to a method for stimulating specific areas of a brain using an induction device, comprising the following steps: recording the spatial structure of the head, in particular the brain; generating a simulation model of the induction device; and arranging the induction device relative to the head such that a specific area of the brain determined by means of the simulation model of the induction device is stimulated by a current flowing in the induction device, as well as to a method for stimulating specific areas of a brain using an induction device, comprising the following steps: recording the spatial structure of the head, in particular the brain; generating a simulation model of the head; and arranging the induction device relative to the head such that a specific area of the brain determined by means of the simulation model of the head is stimulated by a current flowing in the induction device, as well as to a device for stimulating specific areas of a brain using an induction device connected to a marker.

This invention relates to a galenical gel formulation for nasal administration of neurotransmitters/neuromodulators such as dopamine, serotonin or pregnenolone and progesterone. The special lipophilic or partly lipophilic system of the invention leads to high bioavailability of the active ingredient in plasma and brain caused by sustained serum levels and/or direct or partly direct transport from nose to the brain.

The treatment of specific neurological and psychiatric illnesses using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) requires that specific neuroanatomical structures are targeted using specific pulse parameters. Described herein are methods of positioning and powering TMS electromagnets to selectively stimulate a deep brain target region while minimizing the impact on non-target regions between the TMS electromagnet and the target. Use of these configurations may involve a combination of physical, spatial and/or temporal summation. Specific approaches to achieving temporal summation are detailed.

Methods and apparatus for temperature modification of selected body regions including an induced state of local hypothermia of the brain region for neuroprotection. A heat exchange catheter is provided with heat transfer fins projecting or extending outward from the catheter which may be inserted into selected blood vessels or body regions to transfer heat with blood or fluid in the selected blood vessels or body regions. Another aspect of the invention further provides methods and apparatus for controlling the internal body temperature of a patient. By selectively heating or cooling a portion of the catheter lying within a blood vessel, heat may be transferred to or from blood flowing within the vessel to increase or decrease whole body temperature or the temperature of a target region. Feed back from temperature sensors located within the patient's body allow for control of the heat transfer from the catheter to automatically control the temperature of the patient or of the target region within the patient. The apparatus may include a blood channeling sleeve that directs body fluid over a heat exchanger where the body fluid's temperature is altered, and then is discharged out the distal end of the sleeve to a desired location, for example, cooled blood to the brain for neuroprotection. The catheter may be used alone or in conjunction with other heat exchangers to cool one region of a patient's body while heating another.

An intelligent brain rescue instrument for identifying, monitoring, and guiding the application of brain therapies to patients with evolving brain injuries, includes an input for acquiring a multiple number of signals each indicative of a different biochemical or biophysical parameter of a patient, a computer to continuously sample each of the acquired signals and display to a user on a monitor at least some of the parameters, the displayed parameters being selected by system software embodying expert analytical rules as the most significant parameters, or as parameters having values indicative, or predictive at any time of actual, or potential future deterioration of the brain state of the patient.

A method and an apparatus for displaying a part of a brain of a patient is described. Laser-Doppler-images are acquired before and after a stimulation. The laser-Doppler-images include information about a blood motion or about a perfusion at the acquired part. Then, the blood motion images acquired before and after the stimulation are compared to identify areas in the brain of the patient which are related to the stimulation.

Strip fasteners and cranial plugs for use in reattaching a skull flap removed during brain surgery and methods of using the same. The strip fasteners are flexible and can be shaped to follow the perimeter contour of the skull flap. The cranial plugs can be used to reattach the skull flap or they can be installed after the skull flap is reattached using the strip fasteners. In some embodiments, the cranial plug(s) and strip fasteners can be installed at the same time. The strip fasteners and cranial plugs are designed to encourage bone growth and healing of the skull flap and they can be used to deliver medication and bone growth enhancement compositions to the surgical site.

A method to automatically align magnetic resonance (MR) brain scans for diagnostic scan planning, including: acquiring a three-dimensional (3D) localizer image of a patient; selecting a two-dimensional (2D) coronal view and a 2D transverse view from the localizer image; identifying a mid-sagittal plane (MSP) line in each of the coronal and transverse views and calculating a 3D MSP based on the MSP lines; reconstructing the localizer image based on an equation for the 3D MSP to obtain an image of the MSP of the patient's brain; identifying crista galli (CG) and tip of the occipital bone (TOB) in the image of the MSP of the patient's brain; calculating a transformation matrix based on the MSP, CG and TOB in the image and using the transformation matrix to obtain a scan plan for the patient; and outputting the scan plan for the patient.

The present invention is concerned with delivering a pharmaceutical composition to the brain of a mammalian subject for treating brain diseases or disorders. The process includes the steps of: (i) providing a dispersion of the pharmaceutical composition as particles having an average particle size of from about 150 nm to about 100 microns, and (ii) administering the dispersion to the mammalian subject for delivery to the brain of a portion of the pharmaceutical composition by cells capable of reaching the brain. The dispersion of the pharmaceutical composition as particles, for example, can be phagocytised or adsorbed by the cells prior or subsequent to administration into the mammalian subject. The dispersion of the pharmaceutical composition can be administered to the central nervous system or the vascular system. After administration, the loaded cells transport the pharmaceutical composition as particles into the brain.

The invention discloses an upper limb rehabilitation system based on biological signals. The upper limb rehabilitation system based on the biological signals is characterized in that a brain electric cap is attached to the surface of a brain, brain electric signals can be sensed through the brain electric cap, features of the brain electric signals are extracted and classified sequentially through a CSP feature extraction algorithm and a classifier with an adaptive LDA classification algorithm after amplification, filtering and noise reduction are performed on the brain electric signals, and then the brain electric signals are translated into drive instructions used to control drive motor equipment and pneumatic tendon auxiliary equipment, a system central processing unit fuses and sorts the drive instructions and motion state data collected by a motion state collector, and then feeds the drive instructions and the motion state data, which are fused and sorted, back to the drive motor equipment, the pneumatic tendon auxiliary equipment and a mobile terminal, and therefore a mechanical arm is driven to perform rehabilitation exercise. Work personnel remotely monitor motion and rehabilitation states of patients through the mobile terminal, and the patients also can invoke rehabilitation games in a display platform through a voice input and output device so as to perform auxiliary rehabilitation training. Accordingly, the upper limb rehabilitation system based on the biological signals improves training effectiveness of the patients, and simultaneously guarantees safety and stability in the training.

The present invention provides novel compounds, novel compositions, methods of their use, and methods of their manufacture, where such compounds are pharmacologically useful inhibitors of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (PTPases) such as PTP1B, CD45, SHP-1, SHP-2, PTP alpha, LAR and HePTP or the like. The compounds are useful in the treatment of type I diabetes, type II diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, obesity, immune dysfunctions including autoimmunity diseases with dysfunctions of the coagulation system, allergic diseases including asthma, osteoporosis, proliferative disorders including cancer and psoriasis, diseases with decreased or increased synthesis or effects of growth hormone, diseases with decreased or increased synthesis of hormones or cytokines that regulate the release of/or response to growth hormone, diseases of the brain including Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia, and infectious diseases.

The invention belongs to the technical field of protein polypeptides, relates to a polypeptide with a brain targeted medicine delivery characteristic, and provides a molecular structure of the polypeptide, and application of the polypeptide to brain targeted medicine delivery. A phage monoclonal antibody which has the function of penetrating a blood brain barrier and can be enriched in a brain is obtained through repeated in-vivo Sprague Dawley (SD) outbred stock rat screening by a phage display technology; deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing proves that the phase display polypeptides comprise a consensus sequence; meanwhile, an immunohistochemical method and in-vivo recovery rate comparison prove that the obtained polypeptide has the brain targeted medicine delivery characteristic. The polypeptide and derivative peptides thereof can be used for modifying medicine-carrying nanoparticles, liposomes, vesicles or micelles to construct a brain targeted medicine delivery system; and the delivery of medicines in the brain can be improved, the treatment effect on brain diseases is enhanced and systemic toxic and side effects are reduced.

The invention provides a nano artificial dura mater capable of being used as a medicine sustained-release system, having the structure which comprises at least two layers, i.e. a hydrophobic anti-blocking electro-spun layer which faces the cerebrum, and a hydrophilic nano cytoskeleton layer which backs on to the cerebrum; and cell factors and/or medicines are arranged in any layer of the artificial dura mater by way of blended spinning. The invention also provides a method for preparing the nano biomimic artificial dura mater. Compared with an artificial mater prepared by the single utilization of the electro-spinning technology, the artificial mater to which the medicines and the cell factors are added by blending technology can effectively prevent infection and faster promote the regeneration process of the artificial mater. The invention also provides a novel medicine loading and releasing mode for treating cerebral diseases, the loaded medicines can be directly and efficiently transferred into the cranial cavity along with the implantation of the dura mate and can be released according to requirements, and therefore the invention realizes favorable treatment effect and has broad application prospect.

The present invention relates to a method and equipment for controlling the temperature of the brain or brain hemisphere. More specifically the present invention refers to a method and equipment for quick and efficient control of the temperature of the brain and for maintaining a low temperature in the brain. The inventive concept can be divided into three phases. Firstly, an emergency whole body temperature control phase providing a quick temperature control at for example a scene of accident. Secondly, a brain-selective temperature control phase providing a more efficient temperature control at for example an emergency room and thirdly, a maintained temperature control phase providing an even more efficient temperature control for a selected period of time.

A neurotrophic factor production promoting device is provided, which is able to promote production of a neurotrophic factor or neurotrophic factor-like substance in an affected area by a simple technique that, regardless of the place of treatment, can be performed without transplantation of cells or injection into the affected area, in order to prevent or treat various diseases such as brain diseases. In order to apply a high frequency alternating magnetic field in the range of 20 MHz to 180 MHz, 280 MHz to 600 MHz, or 700 MHz to 1000 MHz to cells at a magnetic flux density of no more than 0.01 Tesla, the neurotrophic factor production promoting device includes a high frequency electromagnetic wave generating means generating a high frequency electromagnetic wave of the abovementioned frequency, in which the magnetic stimulation by the high frequency alternating electromagnetic field of the abovementioned high frequency allows the intracellular concentration of calcium ions to be increased so that exocytosis of the neurotrophic factor group is induced, and the magnetic stimulation allows messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) of the neurotrophic factor group to be increased in the cells so that the synthesis and extracellular release of the neurotrophic factor group are promoted.

A formulation is provided for treatment or prevention of neural ischemic damage, or for treatment of stroke, hemorrhage, trauma, epilepsy, tumor, or any disease of the brain, the formulation comprising a mixture of a substantially solid, substantially water-insoluble, biocompatible, polymeric material, and a gap junction inhibitor such as carbenoxolone. The polymeric material may comprise a synthetic polymer such as EVA, for example in the physical form of a fiber, or a natural polymer such as a chitosan derivative, for example in the physical form of a hydrogel, disposed on or in a medical device such as a stent, which is implanted within the tissue of the patient.

Deep brain electrodes are remotely sensed and activated by means of a remote active implantable medical device (AIMD). In a preferred form, a pulse generator is implanted in the pectoral region and includes a hermetic seal through which protrudes a conductive leadwire which provides an external antenna for transmission and reception of radio frequency (RF) pulses. One or more deep brain electrode modules are constructed and placed which can transmit and receive RF energy from the pulse generator. An RF telemetry link is established between the implanted pulse generator and the deep brain electrode assemblies. The satellite modules are configured for generating pacing pulses for a variety of disease conditions, including epileptic seizures, Turrets Syndrome, Parkinson's Tremor, and a variety of other neurological or brain disorders.

Various methods and apparatus for providing deep brain stimulation for the treatment of diseases such as Parkinson's Disease that do not require an onboard power supply that is implanted in the patient's body. Power may be supplied from outside of the body by, for example, near-field inductive coupling with an external power supply provided in, for example, a headgear worn by the patient. Power may also be supplied by providing an antenna for harvesting ambient energy, such as ambient RF energy, and converting it into DC power. In addition, the methods and apparatus provide for remote, wireless programming of the parameters that specify the nature of electrical pulses provided to the brain via probes implanted in the brain.

The invention discloses a brain ASL, SPECT and MRI image registration and fusion conjoint analysis method and system. Registration is respectively carried out to an ASL image and an MRI image by taking the MRI image as a standard; the ASL image and an SPECT image are fused according to different transparencies; a region to be computed is marked in the faultage of the SPECT image; a closed curve is obtained through carrying out a cubic spline interpolation to the ASL image; the volume and the gray value corresponding to the region to be computed and the gray value of an interesting region body through a circular truncated cone approach mode. According to the invention, the advantages of the ASL image reflected brain blood perfusion, the SPECT image reflected brain blood perfusion and the MRI provided brain structure change are combined; an interesting region is segmented and analyzed through providing interactive calibration operation a doctor and a medical expert; the judgement accuracy of a brain ischemic disease is improved; and iconography instructions are provided for a clinician to formulate a rational therapeutic schedule.

A method for accurate localization and visualization of implanted electrodes, such as implanted intracranial electrodes, is provided. More particularly, a realistic representation of intracranial electrode positions on patient-specific post-implantation MRI brain renderings is obtained. The resulting computer models provide an accurate depiction of electrode locations on three-dimensional brain renderings that are suitable for use in surgical planning of resection boundaries around, for example, epileptic zones. Electrodes placed inter-hemispherically are also visible with this method. In addition, a method for creating electrode “shadows” cast upon the brain model surface is provided. These electrode shadows are useful for estimating cortical areas sampled by iEEG and for locating electrodes that may straddle sulci and contact two adjacent cortical gyri.

The invention belongs to the field of pharmaceuticals and relates to a cascade brain-targeting drug delivery system and the application thereof. The cascade brain-targeting drug delivery system comprises a first-stage target functional molecule, a second-stage target functional molecule and a drug carrier. The cascade target drug delivery system can identify the blood-brain barrier through the first-stage target functional molecule and identify a brain lesion through the second-stage target functional molecule, so as to achieve the accurate targeting purpose, and can also accurately transfer imaging molecules or drugs to the brain lesion, so as to achieve good imaging and therapeutic effects. The cascade brain-targeting drug delivery system can be applied to prepare formulations for treatment or diagnosis of brain diseases (such as brain tumors) and nervous system diseases.