Artificial breeding device for callosobruchus maculatus larvae
By designing a feeding device that simulates the feeding habits of larvae of four-shaped beans, the problem that larvae of four-shaped beans is difficult to artificially raise to adults in traditional methods, and efficient and low-cost large-scale feeding and scientific research support are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422394695.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-30
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to efficiently raise larvae of the four-shaped bean elephant to the adult stage, and the traditional methods are costly and inefficient, making it difficult to meet the needs of scale.
A device including a feeding dish, a pressing plate and a hole puncher is designed. By shaping the feed on the pressing plate and inserting a feeding tank on the feed surface using a hole puncher, the feeding habits of four-shaped bean elephant larvae in bean seeds are simulated, ensuring the consistency and biosimilarity of the larvae growth environment.
It has achieved efficient artificial breeding of four-shaped bean elephant larvae, with a high survival rate, reduced costs, supported large-scale aquaculture, and provided an experimental basis for scientific research.
Smart Images
Figure CN223157769U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical fields of insect breeding and invasion biology, and particularly relates to an artificial breeding device for larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus Background Art
[0002] Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) is an insect of the genus Callosobruchus in the family Bruchidae of the order Coleoptera. Insects of the genus Callosobruchus, including Callosobruchus maculatus, belong to harmful quarantine organisms. Callosobruchus maculatus is a pest with a relatively wide reported distribution and relatively serious damage among the pests of the genus Callosobruchus. As a storage pest of legume crop seeds, it mainly feeds on legume seeds in the form of latent larvae, resulting in a reduction in the germination rate of legume seeds and quality loss. Moreover, due to its strong reproductive ability, it can hollow out all the seeds within a few months, posing a great potential threat
[0003] Since the larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus have the habit of lurking in legume seeds, and the biological research methods for Callosobruchus maculatus are relatively insufficient, it is very difficult for the larvae to continue feeding after being separated from the legume seeds, and it is difficult to complete the generation development. The traditional breeding method for the larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus requires the use of bean grains and needs to breed from eggs to adults, with low breeding efficiency Content of the Utility Model
[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides an artificial breeding device for larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus. The artificial breeding device provided by the utility model enables the larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus separated from legume seeds to continue to develop into the adult stage, realizes the artificial feed cultivation of the larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus, has a low breeding cost, a high breeding efficiency for the larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus, and realizes the large-scale breeding of the larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus
[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is specifically as follows
[0006] The artificial breeding device includes a culture dish, a pressing plate, and a puncher; the culture dish is used to hold the feed, has an opening at the top, and contains feed inside; the pressing plate is used to shape the feed, and the puncher is used to insert a number of breeding grooves on the surface of the feed; a number of through holes for the punching columns to pass through are evenly arranged on the pressing plate, and a number of punching columns are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the puncher. The number and arrangement positions of the punching columns and the through holes are the same and aligned; when the puncher is subjected to a downward pressing force, the bottom ends of the respective punching columns pass through their corresponding through holes and are inserted into the cake-shaped feed below the pressing plate to form a number of breeding grooves
[0007] The ratio of the number of the through holes / punching columns to the area of the feed surface is 30 - 40 pieces: 39 - 41 cm 2 .
[0008] The culture dish is made of transparent plastic material.
[0009] Preferably, the outer diameter of the punching column is 2 - 3 mm.
[0010] Preferably, the punching column is in a column shape.
[0011] Preferably, the difference between the axial length of the punching column and the thickness of the pressing plate is 1.5 - 2 mm. The distance between the end face at the bottom end of the punching column and the bottom surface of the pressing plate is the depth of the feeding trough.
[0012] Furthermore, a handle is arranged at the center of the top surface of the puncher.
[0013] Furthermore, the pressing plate is placed above the feed, and when a pressing force is applied from top to bottom, the pressing plate can press the feed into a flat cake shape.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0015] 1. The device of the present utility model is designed by simulating the natural form and living habits of Callosobruchus maculatus larvae, ensuring that the feeding process conforms to the natural growth state. The device of the present utility model has a design of quick punching, reducing the dependence of operators on professional knowledge and experience, and making artificial feeding easier to popularize and operate.
[0016] 2. The device of the present utility model uniformly opens feeding troughs with the same size on the feed surface, enabling the growth environment of all Callosobruchus maculatus larvae to be unified, and thus providing an effective way for studying the biological characteristics and physiological and biochemical characteristic changes presented by Callosobruchus maculatus larvae and their subsequent development stages.
[0017] 3. The device of the present utility model has a high feeding efficiency and high survival rate for culturing Callosobruchus maculatus larvae, realizing the large-scale feeding of Callosobruchus maculatus larvae. Description of the Drawings
[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the artificial feeding device in the present utility model.
[0019] Among them, 1. Culture dish, 2. Pressing plate, 3. Puncher. Detailed Embodiment
[0020] The present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
[0021] The utility model provides an artificial feeding device for Callosobruchus maculatus larvae. The device of the utility model shapes the feed placed in the culture dish 1 through the pressing plate 2 to simulate the form of bean embryos, and makes grooves in the shaped feed through the punch 3 to simulate the insect tunnels formed by the larvae feeding in the bean seeds. By controlling the feed humidity, groove density and groove size, the adaptation of the larvae to the feed is enhanced, and thus the artificial continuous cultivation of Callosobruchus maculatus larvae to the adult stage can be realized.
[0022] The artificial feeding device provided by the utility model realizes the rapid shaping of the feed and the convenient production of the feeding grooves through the mutual cooperation of the through holes on the pressing plate 2 and the punching columns on the punch 3. In addition, the through holes of the pressing plate 2 and the punching columns of the punch 3 are carefully designed in terms of shape, size and distribution density, etc., to simulate the natural form and living habits of Callosobruchus maculatus larvae, ensuring the biological simulation of the feeding process. This design reduces the dependence on professional knowledge and experience, making the artificial feeding easier to popularize and operate.
[0023] As Figure 1 shown, the artificial feeding device includes a culture dish 1, a pressing plate 2 and a punch 3. The culture dish 1 is used to hold the feed and serve as a container for culturing Callosobruchus maculatus larvae; the pressing plate 2 is used to press the lump-shaped feed placed in the culture dish 1 into a cake shape and make the surface of the cake-shaped feed flat; the punch 3 is used to insert a number of holes on the surface of the cake-shaped feed to form a number of feeding grooves.
[0024] The outer diameter of the pressing plate 2 is correspondingly set with the inner diameter of the culture dish 1, so that the pressing plate 2 can be placed inside the culture dish 1 and can move up and down inside the culture dish 1.
[0025] A number of punching columns are evenly arranged on the bottom surface of the punch 3, and a number of through holes for the punching columns to pass through are evenly opened on the pressing plate 2. The number and arrangement positions of the punching columns on the punch 3 and the through holes on the pressing plate 2 are the same and the arrangement positions are vertically aligned one by one. Each punching column is in clearance fit with the corresponding through hole, so that the punching column can penetrate into the corresponding through hole and move up and down in the through hole.
[0026] When the punch 3 is subjected to a pressing force from top to bottom, the bottom surface of the punch 3 contacts the top surface of the pressing plate 2, and the bottom ends of the respective punching columns respectively pass through their corresponding through holes and are inserted into the upper surface of the cake-shaped feed below the pressing plate 2 to form a number of feeding grooves.
[0027] Preferably, the punching column is a column with an equal cross-section.
[0028] Preferably, the outer diameter of the punching column is 2 - 3 mm. The distance between the end face at the bottom of the punching column and the bottom surface of the pressing plate is the depth of the feeding trough. The difference between the axial length of the punching column and the thickness of the pressing plate 2 is set corresponding to the depth of the feeding trough, preferably 1.5 - 2 mm. Preferably, the inner diameter of each feeding trough is 2 - 3 mm, and the depth of the feeding trough is 1.5 - 2 mm. The device of the present utility model simulates the morphology of the bean embryo, and makes grooves in the feed to simulate the insect tunnels formed by the larvae feeding in the bean seeds. Each punching column has the same outer diameter and axial length to ensure that each feeding trough has the same inner diameter and depth, and does not completely penetrate the cake-shaped feed to ensure that there is a certain interval between the bottom of the feeding trough and the bottom of the culture dish 1.
[0029] Preferably, the culture dish 1 is made of transparent plastic material.
[0030] Preferably, the ratio of the number of through holes / punching columns to the surface area of the feed is 30 - 40 pieces: 39 - 41 cm 2 . Most preferably, it is 30 - 40 pieces: 40 cm 2 , so as to improve the larva rearing density as much as possible, improve the feed utilization rate, and reduce the rearing cost on the premise of ensuring that the larvae have enough nutrition to complete the generation development.
[0031] Preferably, the culture dish is made of transparent plastic material.
[0032] Preferably, the culture dish is an open container. When the larvae are reared with bean seeds in the natural state, the environment is very dry. Using the open culture of the device of the present utility model can be closer to the natural rearing state.
[0033] Preferably, the punching column is in the shape of a cylinder.
[0034] Furthermore, a hand-held handle is provided at the center of the top surface of the punch.
[0035] Furthermore, the pressing plate is placed above the feed. When a pressing force is applied from top to bottom to the pressing plate, the feed can be pressed into a cake shape with a flat surface, so that the feed fits well with the dish wall, and the surface remains flat before and after using the punch 3.
[0036] The specific steps for artificially rearing the larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus using the artificial rearing device provided by the present utility model are as follows:
[0037] 1) After mixing the embryo powder of the peeled bean seeds with water, a doughy feed is obtained. Put the doughy feed into the culture dish 1, shape the doughy feed into a cake shape, and insert a number of non-connected holes that can accommodate the larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus on the upper surface of the obtained cake-shaped feed. Each hole serves as a feeding trough, and a number of feeding troughs are obtained.
[0038] Preferably, the embryo powder of peeled bean seeds is passed through a 50-70 mesh sieve and then mixed with water. The purpose of sieving is to ensure that the texture of the feed is relatively uniform. In a specific implementation, the mesh size of the sieve can be selected as 50 mesh, 60 mesh or 70 mesh, preferably 70 mesh. The feed prepared using the embryo powder that can pass through a 70 mesh sieve has a water retention rate that is relatively most suitable for insect development, so that the feed can always maintain its shaped shape throughout the cultivation process without cracking or deformation, and can maintain a humidity similar to that of the bean embryo environment, thereby best ensuring the adaptability of the larvae to the feed.
[0039] The preferred mass-to-volume ratio of seed embryo powder to water is 1g:0.4-0.6mL. This optimal mass-to-volume ratio not only makes the resulting feed easier to form and prevents larvae from sticking, but also, after drying, it has the highest similarity to the environment of the bean embryo, making it most conducive for larvae to adapt to and consume the feed. In specific implementations, the most preferred mass-to-volume ratio of seed embryo powder to water is 1g:0.5mL.
[0040] Preferably, the ratio of the number of feeding troughs to the area of the feed surface is 30 to 40: 39 to 41 cm 2 , preferably 30 to 40 pieces: 40cm 2 , in order to increase the larval rearing density as much as possible, improve feed utilization and reduce feeding costs while ensuring that the larvae have sufficient nutrition to complete generation development.
[0041] Preferably, the legume seeds include, but are not limited to, one or a combination of cowpea, adzuki bean, mung bean and chickpea, preferably cowpea.
[0042] Step 1) is specifically as follows: prepare an appropriate amount of clean bean crop seeds in advance, soak them for 1 hour, peel them, and place them in a 65°C oven to dry out the moisture; grind the dried bean seed embryos into powder using a grinder, pass the peeled bean seed embryo powder through a 70-mesh sieve, mix it with water, and fully knead it into a ball until the feed becomes a dough without obvious powder, thereby obtaining a ball feed; then place the ball feed in a feeding dish 1, place a pressing plate 2 on top of the ball feed, press the pressing plate 2 downward to squeeze the feed so that the feed is fully adhered to the dish wall and the surface is flat; then place the feeding dish containing the pressing plate 2 and the cake-shaped feed 1. Place it in an open space in a indoor environment or a ventilated environment and let it stand for 1 to 2 hours. At this time, gently press the surface of the feed with your fingers without feeling any stickiness. Place the puncher 3 on the pressing plate 2, adjust the position of the puncher 3 so that the number and arrangement of the punching columns on the bottom surface of the puncher 3 are the same as those of the through holes on the pressing plate 2 and the arrangement positions are aligned one by one in the vertical direction, then press the puncher 3 downward so that each punching column passes through its corresponding through hole and is inserted into the cake-shaped feed below the pressing plate 2, and then evenly insert a number of holes that do not completely pass through the cake-shaped feed on the upper surface of the cake-shaped feed to obtain a number of feeding troughs.
[0043] 2) Pick the previously collected Callosobruchus maculatus larvae into the feeding troughs in such a way that one Callosobruchus maculatus larva is picked into each feeding trough.
[0044] Preferably, the Callosobruchus maculatus larvae are collected on the 12th - 14th day after oviposition.
[0045] 3) Place the petri dish 1 with the picked Callosobruchus maculatus larvae in a suitable environment and culture until the Callosobruchus maculatus larvae emerge as adults.
[0046] Generally, after 6 - 8 days of cultivation, some Callosobruchus maculatus larvae begin to emerge.
[0047] Preferably, the suitable environment refers to an incubator, and the parameter settings of the incubator are: completely dark, temperature is 30 ± 2 °C, humidity is 60 - 65% RH, and culture is carried out with an open mouth. During the feeding process, there is no need to add extra water on the surface of the feed to maintain humidity. When feeding larvae with bean seeds in a natural state, the growth environment is very dry. Using the device of the present utility model to culture with artificial feed with an open mouth can be close to the natural feeding state.
[0048] The following will further illustrate the present utility model with specific embodiments:
[0049] Example 1
[0050] In this example, the petri dish 1 is a circular culture dish with an inner diameter (internal diameter) of 3.5 cm and a height of 2 cm. The thickness of the cake - shaped feed is about 2 - 3 mm, and the depth of the feeding trough is about 1.5 - 2 mm. In this example, the numbers of the feeding troughs are 36 and 37 respectively.
[0051] In this example, cowpea seeds are used as the main body of the feed component to make the feed and raise Callosobruchus maculatus larvae to the adult form. The specific steps are as follows:
[0052] (1) Prepare 100 g of market - purchased flower cowpea seeds and place them in a plate, add an appropriate amount of pure water, just slightly covering the surface of the cowpea seeds. After soaking for 1 h, peel them and put them in an oven at 65 °C to dry the moisture.
[0053] (2) Use a household grinder to grind the dried bean seeds' embryos into powder, pass through a 70 - mesh sieve, and sieve out the larger bean powder particles to ensure that the texture of the feed is relatively uniform.
[0054] (3) Take 2.5 g of the flower cowpea embryo powder passing through a 70 - mesh sieve, and according to the ratio of 1 g of flower cowpea embryo powder: 0.5 mL of pure water, add 1.25 mL of pure water to the flower cowpea embryo powder, stir evenly, and knead thoroughly until the feed is initially formed into a dough with no obvious powder on the surface.
[0055] (4) Place the agglomerated feed in the breeding dish 1, and use the pressing plate 2 to squeeze the feed so that it fits well with the dish wall and the surface is flat.
[0056] (5) Place the breeding dish 1, the feed, and the pressing plate 2 together in an indoor environment or a ventilated environment, and let it stand for 1 - 2 h. At this time, gently press the surface of the feed with your finger and there is no sense of adhesion.
[0057] (6) Use the punch 3 to vertically press the surface of the feed to create a breeding groove that can accommodate the larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus; take out the pressing plate 2 and the punch 3 from the breeding dish 1.
[0058] (7) Pick about 30 larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus at 12 - 14 days old after oviposition into the breeding groove, and pick one larva of Callosobruchus maculatus into each breeding groove. Place the breeding dish 1 containing the larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus together in an environment with a temperature of about 30 °C and a humidity of 65% RH, and culture it in the dark and with an open mouth.
[0059] (8) After about 7 d, some larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus begin to emerge as adults.
[0060] (9) Count the number of newly emerged adults every day until there are no newly emerged adults for three consecutive days, and calculate the survival rate.
[0061] In this embodiment, the larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus are raised to adulthood using the device of the present utility model, and the survival rate reaches 90% (63 / 70). Under natural conditions, when using cowpea seeds to raise Callosobruchus maculatus, the emergence rate is about 85 - 95%.
[0062] In summary, the device of the present utility model is not only applicable to the artificial cultivation of the larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus, but also supports its large-scale breeding. Moreover, this device makes the larval stage of Callosobruchus maculatus operable, providing an experimental basis for scientific research.
[0063] The application of the present utility model is not limited to what is described in the embodiments. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be determined by the scope defined by the claims.
Claims
1. An artificial rearing device for Callosobruchus maculatus larvae, characterized in that: The artificial breeding device includes a breeding dish (1), a pressing plate (2) and a hole puncher (3); an opening is provided at the top of the breeding dish (1), feed is placed inside the breeding dish (1), the pressing plate (2) is used for shaping the feed, and the hole puncher (3) is used for inserting a plurality of breeding grooves on the surface of the feed; a plurality of through holes are evenly formed in the pressing plate (2), and a plurality of punching columns are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the hole puncher (3), and the number and arrangement positions of the punching columns are the same as and aligned with those of the through holes; when the hole puncher (3) is subjected to a pressing force from top to bottom, the bottom ends of the respective punching columns respectively pass through their corresponding through holes and are inserted into the disc-shaped feed below the pressing plate (2) to form a plurality of breeding grooves; the outer diameter of the punching column is 2-3 mm, the punching column is in a column shape, and the difference between the axial length of the punching column and the thickness of the pressing plate (2) is 1.5-2 mm; a hand-held handle is provided at the center of the top surface of the hole puncher (3).
2. The artificial feeding device for Callosobruchus maculatus larvae according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the number of the through holes / perforating posts to the area of the feed surface is 30 - 40 pieces: 39 - 41 cm 2 .
3. The artificial rearing device for Callosobruchus maculatus larvae according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breeding dish (1) is made of transparent plastic material.