Dental appliance

Abstract

A dental appliance. The dental appliance comprises a maxillofacial surface, the maxillofacial surface comprises a first area and a second area, the first area is only partially in contact with a jaw dentition or a jaw appliance, the second area is only partially in contact with the jaw dentition or the jaw appliance, and the first area and the second area are respectively in contact with different positions on the jaw dentition or the jaw appliance. And the first region and the second region are not coplanar. According to the utility model, the at least two first areas and the second areas are arranged on the jaw surface and correspond to the at least two high points on the jaw dentition or the jaw appliance to form multi-dimensional and multi-layer point-surface contact, so that the stability of the jaw dentition or the jaw appliance and the dental appliance during occlusion is improved; and the high point smoothly slides along the first area and the second area during displacement and is not restricted by a dental appliance, so that the displacement resistance is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of oral correction, and in particular relates to a dental appliance. Background Art

[0002] Invisible braces often require opening the bite for treatment, such as unlocking the jaw, mandibular advancement, and anterior traction. Some scenarios, such as mandibular advancement, require a stable upper and lower jaw position to prevent relative sliding during treatment. Other scenarios, such as anterior traction, require the upper and lower jaws to allow for misalignment and movement during treatment. The occlusal surface of existing braces typically corresponds to the concave and convex surface of the opposing teeth, which restricts tooth movement.

[0003] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a dental appliance to solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve one of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide a dental appliance.

[0005] In order to achieve one of the above-mentioned purposes of the utility model, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A dental appliance includes a maxillofacial surface, wherein the maxillofacial surface includes a first area and a second area, wherein the first area is only partially in contact with the opposing dentition or a mandibular appliance, and the second area is only partially in contact with the opposing dentition or a mandibular appliance, wherein the first area and the second area are respectively in contact with different positions on the opposing dentition or the mandibular appliance, and the first area and the second area are not coplanar.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the first region and the second region respectively contact different teeth on the opposing dentition.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the first area and the second area are respectively in contact with positions on the orthodontic appliance that accommodate different teeth.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the first region and the second region respectively contact different positions of the same tooth in the opposing dentition.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the first region and the second region respectively contact different positions in the area of the orthodontic appliance that accommodates a tooth.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the first region and the second region have a height difference along the occlusal direction.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the first region and the second region are both in contact with at least one tooth cusp on the opposing dentition.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the first region and the second region are both in contact with at least one high point on the orthodontic appliance corresponding to the tooth cusp.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the first region and the second region are in contact with at least two tooth cusps on the opposing dentition, and the at least two tooth cusps are located on the same tooth or adjacent teeth.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the first area and the second area are in contact with at least two high points on the orthodontic appliance corresponding to the tooth cusps, and the at least two high points are areas on the orthodontic appliance corresponding to at least two tooth cusps of a tooth or at least two tooth cusps on adjacent teeth.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the tooth cusp is located within the projection area of the first region or the second region on the opposing dentition along the occlusal direction.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the first area and the second area are in contact with the cusps of the teeth having the moving trajectory on the opposing dentition, and the first area and the second area extend along the direction of the moving trajectory; or the maxillary surface is only in contact with the high point of the opposing appliance, the high point is the point on the opposing appliance corresponding to the cusps of the teeth having the moving trajectory, and the first area and the second area extend along the direction of the moving trajectory.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the first region and the second region are planes, and the angles between the first region, the second region and the jaw plane are 0° to 15 degrees.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the first area and the second area are curved surfaces, and the curvature rates of the first area and the second area are respectively smaller than the curvatures of the areas on the opposing dentition corresponding to the first area and the second area; or the curvature rates of the first area and the second area are respectively smaller than the curvatures of the areas on the opposing appliance corresponding to the first area and the second area.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the first region and the second region are curved surfaces, and the height difference between the low point and the edge of the first region and the second region in the occlusal direction is no more than 0.5 mm.

[0021] A dental appliance comprises a maxillary face, which is only partially in contact with at least two of the tooth cusps of the opposing dentition, or the maxillary face is only partially in contact with at least two high points on the opposing orthodontic appliance, wherein the high points are points corresponding to the tooth cusps.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the maxillary surface is only partially in contact with the tooth cusp point surface, or the maxillary surface is only partially in contact with the high point point surface; the point surface contact is the contact between a point and a plane or the contact between a point and a curved surface; or the area where the maxillary surface contacts the tooth cusp or high point is a plane or a curved surface.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, the entire maxillary surface is a curved surface, or the entire maxillary surface is a combination of a curved surface and a flat surface, or the entire maxillary surface is stepped.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the maxillary surface only contacts the cusps of the teeth having movement trajectories on the opposing dentition, or the maxillary surface only contacts the high point of the opposing appliance, which is the point on the opposing appliance corresponding to the cusps of the teeth having movement trajectories.

[0025] In an optional embodiment, the dental appliance is a supporting structure or an appliance having a supporting structure, and the maxillofacial region is the maxillofacial region of the supporting structure.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the dental appliance of the present invention realizes multi-area / multi-point contact by setting non-coplanar first and second areas on the maxillary surface, and the first and second areas are only partially in contact with the opposing dentition or the mandibular appliance at different positions, thereby improving the stability of the opposing dentition or the mandibular appliance and the dental appliance during occlusion, and other areas are not in contact, thereby weakening or eliminating the constraints and resistance to tooth displacement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a dental appliance in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a dental appliance in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a dental appliance in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a dental appliance in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a dental appliance in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a design method for a dental appliance in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a design method for a dental appliance in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8is a schematic diagram of a design method for a dental appliance in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of a dental appliance in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of a dental appliance in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0037] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a design method for a dental appliance in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a design method for a dental appliance in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of a design method of a dental appliance in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Among them, 1-support structure, 2-orthodontic appliance, 3-maxillofacial region, 31-first area, 32-second area, 33-connection area, M0-dentition, M1-opposing dentition, M2-opposing orthodontic appliance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, these embodiments do not limit the present invention, and any structural, methodological, or functional modifications made by a person skilled in the art based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] The inventors have found that in the scenario of opening the bite for correction, the dental appliance that needs to open the bite and contact the opposing dentition M1 or the mandibular appliance M2 usually has a jaw surface that matches the occlusal surface of the opposing dentition M1 or the mandibular appliance M2. The cusps of the opposing dentition and the high points of the mandibular appliance M2 (the points on the mandibular appliance M2 that correspond to the cusps of the opposing dentition) are convex points, and the areas on the dental appliance that correspond to the convex points are concave parts. The cusps of the opposing dentition M1 or the high points on the mandibular appliance M2 are confined within the corresponding concave parts. During the correction process, when the cusps or high points are dislocated and moved under the action of muscles or external forces, they will be restricted by the concave parts, which will hinder their movement.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the dental appliance of the present invention is a support structure 1 or an orthodontic appliance 2 having the support structure 1 .

[0044] The support structure 1 can be used alone and fixed or worn directly on the dentition. The support structure 1 can also be connected to or directly formed on the orthodontic appliance 2 for easy wearing.

[0045] The braces 2 are worn on the entire dentition or on a portion of the teeth in the dentition. The braces 2 have the function of correcting teeth, or the braces 2 are only for the convenience of wearing the support structure 1.

[0046] The dental appliance has a maxillary surface 3 facing the opposing dentition M1 or the opposing orthodontic appliance M2 , and the maxillary surface 3 includes at least a first area 31 and a second area 32 , and the first area 31 and the second area 32 are located at different positions of the maxillary surface 3 .

[0047] The first region 31 and the second region 32 are not coplanar, that is, the first region 31 and the second region 32 are not located in a continuous plane. For example, the first region 31 and the second region 32 are at different angles relative to the jaw plane; or at least one of the first region 31 and the second region 32 is a curved surface; or the first region 31 and the second region 32 are spaced apart in any direction and are not connected to form a continuous plane by a connecting region 33 that is coplanar with the first region 31 and the second region 32.

[0048] The first region 31 is only partially in contact with the opposing dentition M1 or the orthodontic appliance M2, the second region 32 is only partially in contact with the opposing dentition M1 or the orthodontic appliance M2, and the first region 31 and the second region 32 are in contact with different positions on the opposing dentition M1 or the orthodontic appliance M2, respectively.

[0049] "Only partially in contact with the antagonist dentition M1 or the antagonist appliance M2" means that parts of the first area 31 and the second area 32 are in contact with the antagonist dentition M1 or the antagonist appliance M2 at different positions, realizing multi-area / multi-point contact, thereby improving the stability of the dental appliance and the antagonist dentition M1 or the antagonist appliance M2 during occlusion; while other areas are not in contact with the antagonist dentition M1 or the antagonist appliance M2, thereby weakening or eliminating the constraints and resistance of the dental appliance on the dislocated teeth and improving the freedom of displacement of the antagonist teeth or the antagonist appliance.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, the first area 31 and the second area 32 are planes or curved surfaces. When the cusps of the mandibular dentition M1 or the high points of the mandibular appliance M2 are displaced in any direction, they will not be subjected to the squeezing force of the dental appliance except the friction force generated by sliding.

[0051] In the present invention, the displacement direction of the tooth tip or the highest point includes but is not limited to: sagittal direction, left-right direction, lingual-buccal direction, mesio-distal direction, etc.

[0052] In one embodiment, the first region 31 and the second region 32 are planes, and the angles between the first region 31 and the second region 32 and the jaw plane are 0° to 15 degrees.

[0053] In this application, the jaw plane refers to the imaginary plane formed by the mesial proximal point of the bilateral maxillary central incisors to the mesiobuccal cusps of the bilateral first molars. Alternatively, the jaw plane can be derived using the clinical anatomical jaw plane method, i.e., by connecting the midpoint of the overbite of the upper and lower first permanent molars with the midpoint of the overbite of the upper and lower central incisors.

[0054] The first area 31 and the second area 32 are close to the jaw plane, which can improve the stability of the occlusal support and avoid affecting the neatness of the teeth.

[0055] In another embodiment, the first region 31 and the second region 32 are curved surfaces. Points on the first region 31 and the second region 32 corresponding to the cusps of the opposing dentition M1 or the high points of the opposing appliance M2 are low points, and the height difference between the low points and the edges of the first region 31 and the second region 32 in the occlusal direction is no more than 0.5 mm.

[0056] On the one hand, the first and second regions 31 and 32 have a shallow curvature, being approximately flat. Therefore, when the opposing dentition M1 or the orthodontic appliance M2 is displaced, no significant compressive force is generated. On the other hand, the first and second regions 31 and 32 have a shallow coverage depth over the cusps of the opposing dentition M1 or the high points of the orthodontic appliance M2. Therefore, when the opposing dentition M1 or the orthodontic appliance M2 is displaced, no significant compressive force is generated.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, the first region 31 and the second region 32 respectively contact different teeth on the opposing dentition M1. The dental appliance contacts different teeth on the opposing dentition M1 with intervals between contact points to improve occlusal stability.

[0058] Alternatively, the first area 31 and the second area 32 are in contact with different positions of the orthodontic appliance M2 that accommodate different teeth. The dental appliance is supported at different positions spaced apart on the orthodontic appliance M2, which can improve the stability of the occlusion.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, the first region 31 and the second region 32 respectively contact different positions of the same tooth in the opposing dentition M1. The dental appliance achieves multiple points of contact with different regions of the same tooth, which can improve the occlusal stability of the local area.

[0060] Alternatively, the first area 31 and the second area 32 respectively contact different positions in the area of the orthodontic appliance M2 that accommodates a tooth. The dental appliance achieves multi-point contact with a local area of the orthodontic appliance M2, which can improve the occlusal stability of the local area.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, the first region 31 and the second region 32 have a height difference along the occlusal direction. The dental appliance, in whole or in part, is stepped, achieving multiple points of contact with the opposing dentition M1 or the orthodontic appliance M2 in the height direction. This prevents excessive cusps or peaks from being suspended, improves occlusal stability, and does not affect the displacement of cusps or peaks.

[0062] In an optional embodiment, the first region 31 and the second region 32 both contact at least one tooth cusp on the opposing dentition M1. Alternatively, the first region 31 and the second region 32 both contact at least one high point on the opposing appliance M2.

[0063] The first area 31 and the second area 32 only form point-surface contact with the tooth cusps or high points, and other areas do not make contact, thereby reducing or eliminating the constraints and resistance to tooth displacement.

[0064] In an optional embodiment, the first area 31 and the second area 32 correspond one-to-one to two tooth cusps on the opposing dentition M1; or the first area 31 and the second area 32 correspond one-to-one to two high points on the opposing appliance M2.

[0065] During design, the first region 31 and the second region 32 only need to consider the position and displacement direction of the corresponding tooth cusps or high points, and are not restricted by other tooth cusps or high points, which can simplify the design.

[0066] When the local area or the entire area of the mandibular dentition M1 has at least three cusps, or the local area or the entire area of the mandibular orthodontic appliance M2 has at least three high points, the maxillary surface 3 also has multiple areas similar to the first area 31 and the second area 32. The total number of areas is no more than the number of cusps or high points, and all cusps or all high points correspond one-to-one to the areas on the maxillary surface 3.

[0067] For example, a posterior tooth has four tooth regions divided by pits and fissures, corresponding to four cusps. The dental appliance 100 has four regions on the jaw surface 3 corresponding to the posterior tooth, and the four cusps are supported in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the four regions. The displacement of each cusp is not restricted by the dental appliance 100, and occlusal stability is high.

[0068] Or, when there are at least three tooth cusps on the mandibular dentition M1, or at least three high points on the mandibular appliance M2, two tooth cusps or two high points correspond one-to-one to the first area 31 and the second area 32 respectively, and the other tooth cusps and high points can correspond one-to-one to the areas on the maxillary surface; or at least two tooth cusps or at least two high points can contact the same area on the maxillary surface 3.

[0069] In an optional embodiment, the first region 31 and the second region 32 both contact at least two tooth cusps on the opposing dentition M1. That is, the first region 31 and the second region 32 simultaneously form multiple point-surface support points with the opposing dentition M1, thereby improving occlusal stability and simplifying the preparation process.

[0070] The at least two tooth cusps are located on the same tooth or adjacent teeth, the distance between the at least two tooth cusps in contact with the first area 31 and the second area 32 is small, and the area of each of the first area 31 and the second area 32 is moderate, which can take into account both occlusal stability and contact.

[0071] For example, consider a posterior tooth with four tooth zones divided by pits and fissures, corresponding to four cusps. The portion of the dental appliance 100 corresponding to the posterior tooth is provided with a first region 31, with all four cusps in contact with the first region 31, providing good occlusal stability. Alternatively, the portion of the dental appliance 100 corresponding to the posterior tooth is provided with a first region 31 and a second region 32, with two cusps in contact with the first region 31 and the other two cusps in contact with the second region 32.

[0072] Taking two adjacent posterior teeth as an example, each tooth has four tooth regions divided by pits and fissures, corresponding to four cusps. The dental appliance 100 includes a first region 31 and a second region 32. The first region 31 contacts the four cusps (or three cusps, or two cusps) on one tooth, while the second region 32 contacts the four cusps (or three cusps, or two cusps) on the other tooth.

[0073] Taking two adjacent teeth as an example, one is a posterior tooth with four tooth regions divided by pits and fissures, corresponding to four cusps; the other tooth has at least one cusp. The first region 31 of the dental appliance 100 contacts at least three cusps on the posterior tooth, while the second region 32 contacts another cusp on the posterior tooth and at least one cusp on the other tooth.

[0074] Taking two adjacent teeth as an example, one tooth has at least one cusp; the other tooth has at least one cusp. The first area 31 or the second area 32 of the dental appliance 100 contacts at least one cusp of one tooth and at least one cusp of the other tooth.

[0075] Correspondingly, the first area 31 and the second area 32 are in contact with at least two high points on the orthodontic appliance M2, and the at least two high points are areas on the orthodontic appliance M2 corresponding to at least two cusps of a tooth or at least two cusps on adjacent teeth.

[0076] Any area in the first area 31 and the second area 32 forms multi-point contact with at least two high points, thereby improving the stability of the orthodontic appliance M2 and the dental appliance during occlusion, and other areas are not in contact, thereby weakening or eliminating the constraints and resistance to tooth displacement.

[0077] Specifically, the tooth cusps and the highest points are respectively located in the projection areas of the first area 31 or the second area 32 along the occlusal direction on the opposing dentition M1 or the opposing appliance M2.

[0078] The first and second regions 31, 32 contact the cusps of the teeth on the opposing dentition M1 that have a movement trajectory, and the first and second regions 31, 32 extend in the direction of the movement trajectory. Alternatively, the maxillary surface 3 contacts only the high points on the opposing appliance M2 that correspond to the cusps of the teeth that have a movement trajectory, and the first and second regions 31, 32 extend in the direction of the movement trajectory.

[0079] When the teeth are dislocated and moved under the action of muscles or external forces, the cusps and high points of the teeth can always be in contact with the first area 31 and the second area 32, and remain stable throughout the entire correction process.

[0080] For example, when the tooth cusp or peak point moves in the sagittal direction, the first area 31 and the second area 32 extend at least in the sagittal direction. When the tooth cusp or peak point moves in the lingual-buccal direction, the first area 31 and the second area 32 extend at least in the lingual-buccal direction.

[0081] In addition, the maxillofacial region 3 further comprises a connecting region 33 connecting adjacent first regions 31 and second regions 32 . The first regions 31 , the second regions 32 and the connecting region 33 constitute the entire maxillofacial region 3 .

[0082] In one embodiment, the adjacent first regions 31 and second regions 32 have a height difference along the occlusal direction, the connecting region 33 extends along the occlusal direction, and the first regions 31 and second regions 32 are step-shaped.

[0083] In one embodiment, the first area 31 and the second area 32 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the maxillary face 3 , and the connecting area 33 is in a planar or curved shape, so that the entire maxillary face 3 is relatively smooth.

[0084] In addition, in the present invention, the size of the first area 31 and the second area 32 is not limited, as long as they can make contact with the tooth cusps or high points described above. In one embodiment, the first area 31 or the second area 32 corresponds to the occlusal surface area of a certain tooth on the opposing dentition M1, that is, the projection of the occlusal surface area of a certain tooth along the occlusal direction on the dental appliance is the first area 31 or the second area 32. In one embodiment, the first area 31 or the second area 32 corresponds to the occlusal surface area of at least two adjacent teeth on the opposing dentition M1, that is, the projection of the occlusal surface area of at least two teeth along the occlusal direction on the dental appliance is the first area 31 or the second area 32. In one embodiment, the first area 31 or the second area 32 corresponds to the occlusal surface area of a tooth area on the opposing dentition M1, that is, the projection of the occlusal surface area of the tooth area along the occlusal direction on the dental appliance is the first area 31 or the second area 32. In one embodiment, the first area 31 or the second area 32 corresponds to the occlusal surface areas of at least two adjacent tooth areas on the opposing dentition M1, that is, the projection of the occlusal surface areas of at least two tooth areas along the occlusal direction on the dental appliance is the first area 31 or the second area 32.

[0085] The present invention also provides a dental appliance, the maxillary surface 3 of which is only partially in point-surface contact with at least two of the tooth cusps of the opposing dentition M1, or the maxillary surface 3 is only partially in point-surface contact with at least two of the high points corresponding to the tooth cusps on the opposing orthodontic appliance M2.

[0086] The dental appliance contacts at least two tooth cusps on the opposing dentition M1, or at least two high points on the opposing appliance M2, improving the stability of the opposing dentition M1, the opposing appliance M2, and the dental appliance during occlusion. Other areas of the maxillary surface 3 do not contact the opposing dentition M1 or the opposing appliance M2, reducing or eliminating the constraints and resistance to tooth displacement.

[0087] Point-surface contact is point-to-plane contact or point-to-curved contact, or the area where the maxillary surface 3 contacts the tooth cusp or high point is a plane or a curved surface. The setting method of the plane and the curved surface is as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0088] In the present invention, the entire maxillary surface 3 is a curved surface, or the entire maxillary surface 3 is a combination of a curved surface and a flat surface, or the entire maxillary surface 3 is stepped, all of which can form multi-point contact with the opposing dentition M1 and the opposing orthodontic appliance M2.

[0089] The maxillary surface 3 only contacts the cusps of the teeth having movement tracks on the opposing dentition M1, or the maxillary surface 3 only contacts the high points corresponding to the cusps of the teeth having movement tracks on the opposing appliance M2.

[0090] Please refer to Figures 6 to 13As shown, the present invention also provides a method for designing a dental appliance, comprising the following steps:

[0091] S1 selects an additional area on the dentition M0 or the orthodontic appliance where the dental appliance is to be placed;

[0092] S2 constructs a maxillary surface 3 for contacting the dental appliance with the opposing dentition M1 or the orthodontic appliance M2, wherein the maxillary surface 3 has a first region 31 and a second region 32. The first region 1 is only partially in contact with the opposing dentition M1 and the orthodontic appliance M2, and the second region 32 is only partially in contact with the opposing dentition M1 and the orthodontic appliance M2. The first region 31 and the second region 32 are in contact with different positions on the opposing dentition M1 and the orthodontic appliance M2, respectively, and the first region 31 and the second region 32 are not coplanar.

[0093] S3 constructs the dental appliance with the maxillofacial surface 3 in the added area.

[0094] The step numbers S1, S2, S3, and the following steps are for convenience of description only and do not necessarily represent the order of the steps. For example, step S1 and step S2 can be performed simultaneously; step S1 can be performed first and then step S2; or step S2 can be performed first and then step S1.

[0095] The added area in step S1 is an area for installing dental appliances, and is selected according to the jaw relationship adjustment needs or adjustment targets.

[0096] In one embodiment, the added area is located on the occlusal surface, that is, the dental appliance is placed on the occlusal surface of the dentition M0 or the orthodontic appliance, and can form a stable occlusal state with the opposing dentition M1 or the orthodontic appliance M2.

[0097] The area of the added area is no larger than the dentition M0 or the occlusal surface of the appliance. The added area covers one tooth, or at least two adjacent teeth, or at least a portion of a tooth and at least a portion of an adjacent tooth.

[0098] In an optional embodiment, the additional area is located in the dentition M0 or the posterior area of the appliance. With the help of a larger crown area, the dental appliance can be stably placed to achieve the correction effect of opening the bite.

[0099] If the tooth cusps of the dental appliance M1 or the dental appliance M2 are displaced during treatment, the dental appliance's maxillary surface 3 may be in contact with the opposing dentition M1 or the dental appliance M2, which may affect the treatment effect. The present invention provides multiple ways to construct the maxillary surface 3 and coordinates this with other steps to design the dental appliance.

[0100] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 6 to 9 As shown, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0101] S21: obtaining at least two tooth cusps on the opposing dentition M1 that are in contact with the dental appliance, or obtaining at least two high points on the opposing appliance M2 that are in contact with the dental appliance, where the high points are points where the tooth cusps of the opposing appliance M2 and the opposing dentition M1 correspond;

[0102] S22 constructs a plane or a curved surface passing through the tooth tip or the high point to form a first area 31 and a second area 32;

[0103] S23 constructs a connection area 33 between the adjacent first areas 31 and second areas 32 , and the connection area 33 together with the first area 31 and the second area 32 form the maxillofacial region 3 .

[0104] In step S21, all tooth cusps or high points in contact with the dental appliance can be obtained, and in step S23, the entire maxillary surface 3 of the dental appliance can be directly formed. Alternatively, the high points of a local area on the opposing dentition M1 or the opposing appliance M2 can be first obtained, and the local maxillary surface can be formed in step S23. The local maxillary surface can then be connected to form the entire maxillary surface 3 of the dental appliance.

[0105] In an optional implementation, step S21 includes the following steps:

[0106] S211: After selecting an additional area on the dentition M0 or the appliance where the dental appliance is to be placed, the additional area is divided into n partitions.

[0107] In the present invention, n≥2, and the n partitions are respectively recorded as partition A1, partition A2, ..., partition An, and partition Ai represents any partition.

[0108] In this step, the entire added area can be divided into n partitions Ai, and steps S211 to S213 can be implemented on the entire maxillofacial region 3; or the entire added area can be divided into several sub-areas, each sub-area can be divided into n partitions Ai, and steps S211 to S213 can be implemented for each sub-area one by one.

[0109] S212 projects all partitions Ai onto the mandibular surface of the opposing dentition M1 or the mandibular appliance M2 (hereinafter referred to as "the mandibular surface"), and forms n projection areas on the mandibular surface.

[0110] The n projection areas are respectively recorded as projection area B1, projection area B2, ..., projection area Bn, and projection area Bi represents any one of the projection areas.

[0111] In one embodiment, the projection direction is an occlusal direction. The occlusal direction is the current occlusal direction, i.e., the occlusal direction of the initial position after jaw correction using the dental appliance in the current step. Alternatively, the occlusal direction is the target occlusal direction, i.e., the target occlusal direction after jaw correction using the dental appliance in the current step. Alternatively, the occlusal direction is an occlusal direction between the current occlusal direction and the target occlusal direction.

[0112] After partition Ai is projected, part of the projection may fall outside the opposing dentition M1 or the opposing appliance M2. Therefore, the areas of partitions A1, A2, ..., and An may be larger than the areas of projection areas B1, B2, ..., and Bn.

[0113] S213 obtains the tooth cusps Ci in all projection areas on the opposing dentition M1, or obtains the high points Ci in all projection areas on the opposing appliance M2.

[0114] The cusp Ci on the opposing dentition M1 is the highest point on the opposing dentition M1. For the convenience of description below, the cusp Ci in the projection area on the opposing dentition M1 and the highest point Ci in the projection area on the opposing appliance M2 are collectively referred to as the highest point Ci in the projection area.

[0115] The n projection areas correspond to n tooth cusps or n high points, which are respectively recorded as high point C1, high point C2, ..., high point Cn, and the high point Ci represents any high point.

[0116] In step S22, a plane or curved surface Di is made through the high point Ci, and the plane or curved surface Di is projected onto the jaw surface 3 of the opposing dentition M1 or the opposing appliance M2 along the occlusal direction to form a projection area Bi', and the boundary of the projection area Bi' is the same as the boundary of the projection area Bi.

[0117] As described above, the first region 31 and the second region 32 are planes, and the angle between the planes and the mandibular plane is 0° to 15°. Alternatively, the first region 31 and the second region 32 are curved surfaces, and the height difference between the low point and the edge of the first region 31 and the second region 32 in the occlusal direction is no more than 0.5 mm. The first region 31 and the second region 32 are close to the mandibular plane, and the occlusal stability is high. When the high point of the opposing dentition M1 or the opposing appliance M2 is displaced, no significant squeezing force is generated on the high point.

[0118] In step S23, the shape of the connection area 33 is not limited, but there is a gap between the connection area 33 and the opposing dentition M1 and the orthodontic appliance M2, that is, there is no contact or interference between the connection area 33 and the opposing dentition M1 and the orthodontic appliance M2, and no obstruction is caused to the displacement of the teeth.

[0119] The connecting area 33 is a flat surface, which simplifies the design and manufacturing process. Alternatively, the connecting area 33 is a curved surface that protrudes away from the opposing teeth or the orthodontic appliance M2, so that the adjacent first area 31 and the second area 32 have a smooth transition.

[0120] In one embodiment, two adjacent first regions 31 and second regions 32 have a height difference along the occlusal direction, the connecting region 33 extends along the occlusal direction, and the first region 31 and the second region 32 are stepped.

[0121] In addition, when the entire addition area is divided into n partitions Ai, steps S211 to S213, S22 and S23 are implemented in the entire addition area, and the connection area 33 connects the first area 31 and the second area 32 to directly form a complete maxillofacial region 3.

[0122] When the entire added area is divided into several sub-areas and each sub-area is divided into n partitions Ai, steps S211 to S213, S22 and S23 are first run one by one for each sub-area, and a connection area 33 is constructed between the first area 31 and the second area 32 corresponding to each sub-area. The connection area 33 and the first area 31 and the second area 32 constitute a local maxillary face; then a connection area 33 is constructed between the local maxillary faces to form the entire maxillary face 3.

[0123] Each sub-region corresponds to a tooth, or each sub-region corresponds to several adjacent teeth. For example, first obtain at least two high points of one of the teeth or the area corresponding to one tooth on the orthodontic appliance M2; construct a first area 31 and a second area 32 passing through the high points; and connect each first area 31 and a second area 32 to form a local maxillary face. Then obtain several high points of another tooth or the area corresponding to another tooth on the orthodontic appliance M2; construct a first area 31 and a second area 32 passing through the high points; and connect each first area 31 and a second area 32 to form a local maxillary face. Repeat this process to construct the local maxillary face corresponding to all teeth, and then connect the adjacent local maxillary faces in the mesiodistal direction to construct the entire maxillary face 3.

[0124] In one embodiment, the occlusal surface of any tooth in the dentition where the dental appliance is to be placed is selected as a subregion. For example, if n = 4, this subregion is divided into four partitions: partition A1, partition A2, partition A3, and partition A4. The four partitions are projected along the occlusal direction onto the opposing maxillary surface of the opposing dentition M1 or the opposing appliance M2, forming four projection areas B1, B2, B3, and B4. High points C1, C2, C3, and C4 are obtained from the four projection areas. Planes or curved surfaces D1, D2, D3, and D4 are constructed through the four high points, respectively.

[0125] Then, other teeth are taken as sub-regions one by one, and the above steps are repeated until the local jaw surfaces of the dental appliances above all teeth to which the dental appliances need to be added are determined.

[0126] A connection area 33 is constructed at the gap between adjacent teeth to connect several partial maxillary surfaces into a whole, forming the maxillary surface 3.

[0127] Based on the design method of any of the above-mentioned dental appliances, the following steps are also included: smoothing and rounding the local maxillary surface or the entire maxillary surface 3, eliminating all steps, so that the entire maxillary surface 3 becomes a smooth curved surface or a combination of a curved surface and a flat surface, simplifying the manufacturing process.

[0128] In another embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0129] S2a obtains information of the antagonist jaw surface in contact with the dental appliance on the antagonist dentition M1 or the antagonist appliance M2;

[0130] S2b constructs a basic jaw surface that is fully occluded with the opposing jaw surface;

[0131] S2c takes at least two low points of the basic maxillary surface as base points and smoothes other areas outside the base points or the predetermined areas around the base points, so that a gap is formed between other areas and the opposing maxillary surface to make way for the movement of the high points.

[0132] Step S2b includes the following steps:

[0133] S2b1 constructs a basic model, which has a certain height in the occlusal direction. The height is designed to be: when the maxillary and mandibular positions are stable, the basic model can be fully engaged with the opposing dentition M1 or the opposing appliance M2, and when spatial contact is not considered, the cusps of the opposing teeth are immersed in the dental appliance for a certain distance (the distance in the occlusal direction), which is not less than 0.5 mm.

[0134] S2b2 cuts the basic model so that its jaw surface 3 is completely in occlusion with the opposing jaw surface of the mandibular dentition M1 and the opposing jaw surface of the orthodontic appliance M2, that is, the concave and convex of the two correspond to each other.

[0135] In step S2c, the low point is the point corresponding to the cusp of the opposing dentition M1, or the low point is the point corresponding to the high point on the opposing appliance M2. In this step, at least the low point is kept unchanged to ensure point-to-surface contact between the opposing dentition M1, the opposing appliance M2, and the base model, and then the remaining areas are smoothed.

[0136] In one embodiment, the low point of the maxillofacial region 3 is kept unchanged, and other areas outside the low point are smoothed.

[0137] In one embodiment, the low point of the maxillofacial surface 3 is kept unchanged, and a predetermined area around the low point is constructed as a plane or a curved surface as the first area 31 or the second area 32; and other areas outside the first area 31 or the second area 32 are smoothed.

[0138] The distance between the edge of the predetermined area and the lowest point in the occlusal extension direction is no more than 2 mm, which can meet the movement of the tooth cusps in conventional correction steps. The plane and curved surface constructed are as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0139] In another embodiment, the low point and its surrounding predetermined area on the maxillary surface 3 remain unchanged, while the remaining area outside of the low point and its surrounding predetermined area is smoothed. In the occlusal plane extension direction, the distance between the edge of the predetermined area and the low point is no greater than 2 mm. Alternatively, the distance between the edge of the predetermined area and the low point is no greater than 0.5 mm. The small area of the predetermined area covers only a small area of the tooth cusps or high points, thus not affecting the displacement of the tooth cusps or high points.

[0140] In another embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 、 Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0141] S2i obtains a number of high points on the antagonist dentition M1 or the antagonist appliance M2 that contact the dental appliance;

[0142] S2j constructs a plane or a curved surface based on a number of high points in at least two local areas to form a first area 31 and a second area 32;

[0143] S2k constructs a connecting area 33 between the adjacent first areas 31 and second areas 32 , and the connecting area 33 together with the first areas 31 and second areas 32 form the maxillofacial region 3 .

[0144] Step S2i can obtain information on a plurality of high points in the manner of step S21. Alternatively, the plurality of high points on the opposing teeth in contact with the dental appliance can be obtained one by one.

[0145] In step S2j, the local area is an area corresponding to one tooth, or an area corresponding to multiple teeth.

[0146] Specifically, it is determined whether the number of high points in the local area is not less than 3. If so, the three highest high points are selected to form the plane or curved surface; if not, a plane or curved surface passing through all the high points is constructed.

[0147] In one embodiment, if the number of high points in the local area is not less than three, for example, four, the three highest high points are selected to form a plane or curved surface, with the remaining high points below this plane. If the number of high points in the local area is two, a plane or curved surface passing through the line connecting the two high points is constructed. If the number of high points in the local area is one, a plane or curved surface passing through this high point is constructed.

[0148] When the first and second regions 31, 32 are flat, the angle between them and the mandibular plane is 0° to 15°. When the first and second regions 31, 32 are curved, and the height difference between the low point and the edge of the first and second regions 31, 32 in the occlusal direction is no more than 0.5 mm, the first and second regions 31, 32 are relatively close to the mandibular plane, and when the opposing dentition M1 or the opposing appliance M2 is displaced, no significant squeezing force is applied to the high points.

[0149] In step S2k, the shape of the connection region 33 is not limited, provided that it does not interfere with the opposing dentition M1 or the opposing appliance M2. In one embodiment, the connection region 33 is a planar surface extending along the occlusal direction, with the first and second regions 31, 32 forming a stepped shape. In another embodiment, the connection region 33 is a curved surface extending along the occlusal and mesiodistal directions, with a smooth transition between adjacent first and second regions 31, 32.

[0150] The design method based on the above dental appliance also includes: smoothing and rounding the jaw surface 3 of the above dental appliance, eliminating all steps, so that the entire jaw surface 3 becomes a smooth curved surface or a combination of a curved surface and a flat surface, so as to simplify the manufacturing process.

[0151] In step S3, a complete dental appliance can be constructed in a variety of ways, as long as the maxillary surface 3 of the dental appliance is consistent with the constructed maxillary surface.

[0152] In one embodiment, a transition area is constructed between the added area and the constructed maxillofacial surface 3 to form a closed complete structure, that is, a complete dental appliance.

[0153] In another embodiment, a basic model of the support structure 1 is constructed in the added area; and then the basic model is trimmed so that its maxillary face 3 is consistent with the constructed maxillary face.

[0154] Specifically, the basic model is established by stretching the added area toward the opposite jaw, where the stretching direction is the occlusal direction. Of course, other modeling methods can also be used to establish the basic model according to the needs of jaw position adjustment.

[0155] In addition, the dental appliance is a support structure 1. The design method of the dental appliance further comprises: constructing an appliance 2 that can be worn on the dentition where the dental appliance is to be placed; and combining the support structure 1 with the appliance 2.

[0156] In one embodiment, the support structure 1 is first formed at a predetermined position on a film, and then the film is pressed to form the orthodontic appliance 2. In the dental appliance formed by this method, the support structure 1 and the orthodontic appliance 2 are an integrated structure, and the combination of the two is highly stable and does not require subsequent assembly.

[0157] In another embodiment, the support structure 1 and the appliance 2 are formed by 3D printing, mold stamping, or other processes, and then the support structure 1 is assembled on the appliance 2. Specifically, the support structure 1 and the appliance 2 can be assembled by bonding, snap fastening, or other methods.

[0158] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a dental appliance, wherein the dental appliance is designed based on the above-mentioned dental appliance design method, and then the dental appliance is prepared. The dental appliance can be prepared using any existing technology, including but not limited to: 3D printing, mold embossing process, etc.

[0159] In the present invention, various structures and design steps can be used in combination with each other if the design concepts do not conflict. Specific embodiments are provided below to illustrate the dental appliance of the present invention and its design and preparation methods in detail.

[0160] Example 1

[0161] (1) Select an addition area on the jaw surface of the tooth where the dental appliance is to be placed.

[0162] (2) The added area is divided into several sub-areas according to the teeth, and the sub-areas are divided into n (n≥2) areas (A1-An). Area Ai is projected onto the opposing jaw surface of the opposing teeth to form a projection area Bi.

[0163] (3) Obtain the highest point Ci in the Bi area.

[0164] (4) A plane Di parallel to the mandibular plane is constructed by this to form a first region 31, a second region 32, and other regions similar to the first region 31 or the second region 32. The boundary of the projection of plane Di onto the opposing mandibular surface is the same as the boundary of the projection region Bi.

[0165] (5) Constructing a connection area 33 connecting the planes Di, wherein the connection area 33 connects the planes Di to each other to form a stepped partial jaw surface.

[0166] (6) Repeat steps (1) to (5) on the sub-area corresponding to the adjacent tooth.

[0167] (7) The two stepped partial maxillary surfaces are connected in sequence in the mesiodistal direction to construct the entire maxillary surface 3.

[0168] (8) Constructing a complete dental appliance: adding a transition area between the area to be added and the jaw surface confirmed in the above steps, so that the dental appliance forms a closed and complete structure.

[0169] (9) Construct the appliance 2 and combine the support structure 1 with the added area of the appliance 2.

[0170] Example 2

[0171] The difference from Example 1 is that the orthodontic appliance 2 is designed first, the addition area is confirmed on the orthodontic appliance 2, and then the support structure 1 is constructed.

[0172] Example 3

[0173] The difference from Example 1 is that in step (2), the entire addition area is divided into n areas, and in step (5), the connection area 33 connects the planes Di to each other to form the entire maxillary face 3.

[0174] Example 5

[0175] The difference from Example 1 is that in step (4), the curved surface Di is formed by this, and the height difference between the low point and the edge of the curved surface is not greater than 0.5 mm.

[0176] Example 6

[0177] The difference from Example 1 is that after any one or more steps of step (6), step (7), or step (8), the maxillary face 3 is smoothed and rounded, eliminating all steps, so that the entire maxillary face 3 becomes a smooth curved surface or a combination of a curved surface and a plane.

[0178] Example 7

[0179] (1) A basic model of a dental appliance of a certain height is pre-generated on the dentition of the preset dental appliance (the jaw surface is not processed). The height can ensure that when the upper and lower jaws are stable in the desired jaw position, they can fully occlude and the cusps of the opposing jaws are immersed in the dental appliance for a certain distance without considering spatial contact. The distance is not less than 0.5 mm.

[0180] (2) The dental appliance is used to dig out the maxillofacial morphology of the opposing jaw to obtain a basic maxillofacial morphology that is completely consistent with the maxillofacial morphology of the opposing jaw and completely occluded.

[0181] (3) The low point position of each concave area of the basic maxillary surface is kept unchanged, and the entire basic maxillary surface is highly smoothed to obtain a smoothed structure, which is the dental appliance.

[0182] In step (3), the concavity of the predetermined area near the low point may be kept unchanged, and the area outside the predetermined area may be smoothed. The concavity of the predetermined area may not exceed 2 mm or 0.5 mm.

[0183] Alternatively, in step (3), the low point of the jaw face may be kept unchanged, and a predetermined area around the low point may be constructed as a plane or a curved surface; and other areas outside the predetermined area may be smoothed. The degree of depression of the predetermined area may not exceed 2 mm or 0.5 mm.

[0184] Example 8

[0185] (1) Obtain information on several high points on the antagonist dentition M1 or the antagonist appliance M2 that are in contact with the dental appliance, where the high points are the cusps of the antagonist dentition or the points on the antagonist appliance that are corresponding to the cusps.

[0186] (2) Divide the mandibular surface of the opposing dentition M1 or the opposing appliance M2 into at least two local areas, and construct planes or curved surfaces based on several high points in the local areas to form at least a first area 31 and a second area 33.

[0187] If there are at least three high points, three of them are selected to form a plane or surface, with the remaining high points below this plane or surface. If there are two high points, a plane is constructed through the line connecting the two points. If there is only one high point, a plane is constructed through the point, with the angle between the plane and the jaw plane as small as possible.

[0188] The angle between the plane and the jaw plane is no greater than 15°, or no greater than 10°, or no greater than 5°, or no greater than 3°, or 0. This design allows the first area 31 and the second area 32 to be as consistent as possible with the jaw plane, reducing resistance to tooth cusp displacement.

[0189] A connection area 33 is constructed between adjacent planes or regions to form the entire maxillary surface 3. When the above-mentioned local areas are divided into teeth, the connection area 33 is located at the gap between adjacent teeth.

[0190] (3) Generate a basic model of a dental appliance of a certain height on the dentition M0 or the orthodontic appliance where the dental appliance is set.

[0191] (4) Based on the maxillary surface constructed in (2), the unprocessed dental appliance on the maxillary surface in (3) is cut so that the maxillary surface 3 of the final dental appliance completely coincides with the maxillary surface in (2).

[0192] In summary, the dental appliance of the present invention realizes multi-area / multi-point contact by setting a non-coplanar first area 31 and a second area 32 on the maxillary surface 3, and the first area 31 and the second area 32 are only partially in contact with the antagonist dentition M1 or the antagonist appliance M2 at different positions, thereby improving the stability of the antagonist dentition M1 or the antagonist appliance M2 and the dental appliance during occlusion, and other areas are not in contact, thereby weakening or eliminating the constraints and resistance to tooth displacement.

[0193] It should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each implementation method can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0194] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible implementation methods of this application. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any equivalent implementation methods or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A dental appliance comprising a maxillofacial device, characterized in that: The maxillary surface includes a first area and a second area, the first area is only partially in contact with the opposing dentition or the mandibular appliance, and the second area is only partially in contact with the opposing dentition or the mandibular appliance, the first area and the second area are respectively in contact with different positions on the opposing dentition or the mandibular appliance, and the first area and the second area are not coplanar.

2. The dental appliance according to claim 1, wherein The first region and the second region are in contact with different teeth on the opposing dentition respectively; or The first area and the second area are in contact with positions on the orthodontic appliance where different teeth are accommodated, respectively.

3. The dental appliance according to claim 1, wherein The first region and the second region are in contact with different positions of the same tooth in the opposing dentition respectively; or The first area and the second area respectively contact different positions in the area of the orthodontic appliance that accommodates a tooth.

4. The dental appliance according to claim 1, wherein The first region and the second region have a height difference along the occlusal direction.

5. The dental appliance according to claim 1, wherein The first region and the second region are both in contact with at least one tooth cusp on the opposing dentition, or the first region and the second region are both in contact with at least one high point on the opposing appliance corresponding to the tooth cusp.

6. The dental appliance according to claim 5, wherein: The first region and the second region are both in contact with at least two tooth cusps on the opposing dentition, and the at least two tooth cusps are located on the same tooth or adjacent teeth; or The first area and the second area are in contact with at least two high points on the orthodontic appliance corresponding to the tooth cusps. The at least two high points are areas on the orthodontic appliance corresponding to at least two tooth cusps of a tooth or at least two tooth cusps on adjacent teeth.

7. The dental appliance according to claim 5, wherein: The tooth cusp is located within the projection of the first region or the second region on the opposing dentition along the occlusal direction; or The first area and the second area are in contact with the cusps of the teeth having the moving trajectory on the opposing dentition, and the first area and the second area extend along the direction of the moving trajectory; or the maxillary surface is only in contact with the high point of the opposing appliance, the high point is the point on the opposing appliance corresponding to the cusps of the teeth having the moving trajectory, and the first area and the second area extend along the direction of the moving trajectory.

8. The dental appliance according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The first region and the second region are planes, and the angles between the first region, the second region and the jaw plane are 0° to 15 degrees.

9. The dental appliance according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The first area and the second area are curved surfaces, and the curvature rates of the first area and the second area are respectively smaller than the curvatures of the areas on the opposing dentition corresponding to the first area and the second area; or the curvature rates of the first area and the second area are respectively smaller than the curvatures of the areas on the opposing appliance corresponding to the first area and the second area; or The first area and the second area are curved surfaces, and the height difference between the low point and the edge of the first area and the second area in the occlusal direction is no more than 0.5 mm.

10. A dental appliance comprising a maxillofacial device, characterized in that: The maxillary surface is only partially in contact with at least two of the tooth cusps of the opposing dentition, or the maxillary surface is only partially in contact with at least two high points on the opposing appliance, and the high points are points corresponding to the tooth cusps.

11. The dental appliance according to claim 10, wherein The mandibular surface is only partially in point-surface contact with the tooth cusp, or the mandibular surface is only partially in point-surface contact with the high point; point-surface contact is the contact between a point and a plane or a point and a curved surface; or the area where the mandibular surface contacts the tooth cusp or high point is a plane or a curved surface.

12. The dental appliance according to claim 10, wherein The entire maxillary surface is a curved surface, or the entire maxillary surface is a combination of a curved surface and a flat surface, or the entire maxillary surface is step-shaped.

13. The dental appliance according to claim 10, wherein The maxillary surface only contacts the cusps of the teeth having movement trajectories on the opposing dentition, or the maxillary surface only contacts the high point of the opposing appliance, which is the point on the opposing appliance corresponding to the cusps of the teeth having movement trajectories.

14. The dental appliance according to claim 1 or 10, characterized in that The dental appliance is a supporting structure or an appliance having a supporting structure, and the maxillofacial surface is the maxillofacial surface of the supporting structure.

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