Shoe last for female sports shoes

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shoe tree for female sneakers, which comprises a forefoot and a heel, a fifth metatarsal bone is formed on the outer side of the forefoot, and compared with a shoe tree with a standard number, the distance between the fifth metatarsal bone and the heel is reduced, so that the outer side ball length of the shoe tree corresponds to the shape of the female foot. According to the shoe last for the female sports shoes, systematic design is carried out according to the feature difference of the female feet, the fifth metatarsal bone of the forefoot is moved backwards, the distance between the heel and the fifth metatarsal bone is reduced, the foot-entering comfort and fitness of the female sports shoes are improved, and the sports ability of the female is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of shoes, in particular to a shoe last for women's sports shoes. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the number of women participating in endurance running has increased significantly. A comprehensive study of data from running apps shows that the male-to-female runner ratio has shifted from 71:29 in 2015 to 65:35 in the first quarter of 2024. The growth rate for female runners is 1.36 times that of male runners.

[0003] It is worth noting that there are great differences in physiological characteristics between men and women. First, muscle content: women's muscles account for 35% of the total body weight, and women's muscle strength and total amount are 25% to 30% less than men's; second, muscle composition: women's muscles and connective tissues have higher water and fat content than men, while men's muscles contain more protein and sugar; third, muscle fibers: women have a larger proportion of type I fibers and stronger fatty acid utilization capabilities, which gives women an advantage in ultra-endurance competitions, that is, they are better at using stored fat as energy, but their explosive power is much weaker than men.

[0004] In addition, women's foot morphology also has unique characteristics, such as lower arch height and shorter toes. Studies have found that male runners exhibit greater heel valgus angles at the ankle joint. Another study also pointed out that there are differences in lower limb kinematics between male and female runners, which may be related to gender differences in skeletal structure. A study comparing the fit of female foot shapes with athletic shoe lasts found that existing athletic shoe lasts are more suitable for male foot shapes.

[0005] Therefore, understanding foot shape is crucial for proper footwear design. Ill-fitting footwear can also cause foot pain and deformities, especially in women. Therefore, designing women's running shoe lasts tailored to the specific characteristics of the female foot is crucial to improving fit. However, most existing shoe technology solutions share the following commonalities:

[0006] First, most athletic brands design women's shoes using the same shoe lasts for both men and women, failing to tailor their designs to the specific characteristics of the female foot. For example, traditionally, testing is done using the original shoe's size, allowing for easy modification as a starting point for fitting. This strategy fails to reflect individual differences in foot shape and the varying rates of foot measurements that vary by size and gender. The situation is potentially even worse for athletic shoes, as women's shoe lasts are often based on men's shoe lasts, which have been downgraded to accommodate the female foot shape. By using unmodified men's lasts for women's shoes, the resulting shoes are often too wide and too high for most women.

[0007] Secondly, when it comes to the design of women's running shoes, more attention is paid to the comfort of the upper and sole, or there is no systematic scientific adjustment based on foot shape and motion characteristics data when optimizing the shoe last. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a shoe last for women's sports shoes. By adjusting the shoe last structure according to the characteristics of women's feet and their sports characteristics, it can improve the fit and enhance the sports functionality. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0009] A shoe last for women's sports shoes includes a forefoot and a heel. A fifth metatarsal is formed on the outside of the forefoot. Compared with a standard shoe last, the distance between the fifth metatarsal and the heel is reduced so that the lateral ball length of the shoe last corresponds to the shape of a female foot.

[0010] Furthermore, the distance between the forefoot and the heel is a first length, the distance between the fifth metatarsal bone and the heel is a second length, and the second length accounts for 62%-64.5% of the first length.

[0011] Furthermore, a tube opening is formed above the heel, and compared with a standard-sized shoe last, the distance between the inner and outer sides of the tube opening is reduced.

[0012] Furthermore, the distance between the inner side and the outer side of the barrel mouth is a first width, and the first width is set to 26mm-29mm.

[0013] Furthermore, compared with a standard size shoe last, the distance between the lateral side of the forefoot and the horizontal plane is reduced, and the distance between the medial side of the forefoot and the horizontal plane is reduced.

[0014] Furthermore, the distance between the outer side of the forefoot and the horizontal plane is a first height, and the distance between the inner side of the forefoot and the horizontal plane is a second height. The first height is set to 9mm-12mm, and the second height is set to 6mm-8mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the midfoot is also included, and compared with a standard size shoe last, the distance between the inner side of the midfoot and the horizontal plane is reduced.

[0016] Furthermore, the distance between the inner side of the midfoot and the horizontal plane is a third height, and the third height is set to 6.5 mm-9 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, compared to a standard size last, the distance between the forefoot and the horizontal plane is increased.

[0018] Furthermore, the distance between the forefoot and the horizontal plane is a fourth height, and the fourth height is set to 18 mm-20.5 mm.

[0019] The shoe last for women's sports shoes of the utility model has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. By moving the fifth metatarsal bone of the forefoot backward, reducing the distance between the heel and the fifth metatarsal bone, and reducing the left and right widths of the back half of the heel, the comfort and fit of women's sports shoes can be improved.

[0021] 2. By increasing the toe tilt of the shoe last, the vertical distance between the outer end point of the forefoot and the ground is reduced, the vertical distance between the inner end point of the forefoot and the ground is reduced, the height of the keel line is lowered, the curvature of the cross section is reduced, and the vertical height of the midfoot keel from the ground is reduced, so as to enhance the stability of women's feet.

[0022] 3. Systematically designed based on the differences in female foot characteristics to enhance women’s athletic ability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between the shoe last for women's sports shoes and a standard size shoe last from a top view.

[0024] Figure 2 The utility model is a side view comparison diagram of the shoe last for women's sports shoes and a standard size shoe last.

[0025] Figure 3-1 A top-down diagram of a male foot.

[0026] Figure 3-2 A top-down diagram of a female foot.

[0027] Figure 4 The utility model is a top view of the shoe last for women's sports shoes.

[0028] Figure 5 The utility model is a rear view comparison diagram of the shoe last for women's sports shoes and a standard size shoe last.

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an experimental sample shoe made using the shoe last for women's sports shoes of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the shoe last for women's sports shoes of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the shoe last for women's sports shoes includes a forefoot, a midfoot and a heel connected in sequence, the side of the shoe last body close to the inner side of the foot is defined as the inner side of the shoe last body, the side of the shoe last body close to the outer side of the foot is defined as the outer side of the shoe last body, and the ground for placing the shoe last body is defined as a horizontal plane, then the fifth metatarsal is formed on the outer side of the forefoot, and a tube mouth is formed above the heel.

[0032] Compared with the standard shoe last, the toe of the shoe last is tilted, the vertical distance of the outer end point of the forefoot from the ground is reduced, the vertical distance of the inner end point of the forefoot from the ground is reduced, the keel line height is reduced, the cross-sectional curvature is reduced, and the vertical height of the midfoot keel from the ground is reduced to enhance the stability of the foot and improve athletic ability; the opening of the rear half of the heel is narrowed to the left and right, the position of the fifth metatarsal is moved backward, and the distance between the heel and the fifth metatarsal is reduced to improve the comfort and fit of the foot.

[0033] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the shoe last for women's sports shoes of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, taking the specific structure of the shoe last for women's sports shoes as an example.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a shoe last for women's sports shoes, including a forefoot 10, a midfoot 20 and a heel 30 connected in sequence, which correspond to the forefoot, midfoot and heel of the human foot respectively. The first metatarsal bone 11 is formed on the inner side of the forefoot 10, and the fifth metatarsal bone 12 is formed on the outer side of the forefoot 10. It should be noted that the medial and lateral ball lengths are a very important parameter of the shoe structure, wherein the medial ball length refers to the vertical distance between the outer side of the first metatarsal bone 11 and the heel 30, and the lateral ball length refers to the vertical distance between the outer side of the fifth metatarsal bone 12 and the heel 30. The first metatarsophalangeal joint and the fifth metatarsophalangeal joint are key points for footwear adaptation. The appropriate shoe size is the size that can accommodate the medial and lateral ball lengths at the widest part of the shoe.

[0035] A total of 2,321 participants were organized to undergo foot tests, including 1,236 males (age: 20.2±1.9 years; weight: 65.9±8.5 kg; height: 173.8±5.8 cm) and 1,085 females (age: 20.0±1.9 years; weight: 57.1±8.6 kg; height: 163.6±5.8 cm). Participants with any type of foot deformity or temporary foot injury (such as hallux valgus, flat feet or toe amputation) were excluded. The study found that young people's foot types are divided into three types: big feet, flat and pointed feet, and slender feet.

[0036] Among them, women and men have different foot shape distributions within the same foot length. The foot width, inner and outer ball length, and instep height of different feet of the same foot length of the two genders are all different. In the study on the basic rules of adult foot shape, it was found that the partial foot length rule of adults shows that the length from the first metatarsophalangeal joint to the heel of adult women accounts for 72.8% of the length of the sole of the foot, and the length from the fifth metatarsophalangeal joint to the heel accounts for 63.2% of the length of the sole of the foot.

[0037] According to the above-mentioned female foot characteristics, a fifth metatarsal 12 is formed on the outer side of the forefoot 10, and a fifth metatarsal 17 is formed on the outer side of the forefoot of the standard size shoe last 100. The distance between the fifth metatarsal 17 and the heel of the standard size shoe last 100 is a first reference distance. Compared with the standard size shoe last 100, the distance between the fifth metatarsal 12 and the heel 30 in this embodiment is less than the first reference distance, that is, the distance between the fifth metatarsal and the heel is reduced, so that the outer ball length of the shoe last corresponds to the shape of the female foot, thereby improving the comfort of the female foot.

[0038] Specifically, the distance between the forefoot 10 and the heel 30 is a first length, and the distance between the fifth metatarsal 12 and the heel 30 is a second length. The second length accounts for 62%-64.5% of the first length. Compared with the first reference distance of the standard shoe last 100, the position of the fifth metatarsal 12 is moved backward by 6mm-8mm to improve the comfort and fit of women's feet.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the distance between the front end of the forefoot of the standard size shoe last 100 and the horizontal plane 200 is the second reference distance 18. Compared with the standard size shoe last 100, the curvature of the shoe last at the front end of the forefoot 10 of this embodiment is improved, and the distance between the forefoot 10 and the horizontal plane 200 is greater than the second reference distance 18, that is, the distance between the forefoot 10 and the horizontal plane 200 is increased, thereby reducing the force on the Achilles tendon and increasing the rolling feeling of the forefoot to a certain extent.

[0040] Specifically, the distance between the forefoot 10 and the horizontal plane 200 is the fourth height 13, that is, the vertical height between the front end of the forefoot 10 and the ground. The fourth height 13 is set to 18mm-20.5mm. Compared with the standard size shoe last 100, the fourth height 13 is increased by 3mm-5mm.

[0041] This structure is designed to minimize muscle strength and overall volume compared to men. Increasing the vertical height of the front end of the forefoot 10 during running shortens the moment arm between the toe and ankle during the extension phase, thereby reducing ankle plantar flexion torque and, consequently, Achilles tendon stress, helping to prevent Achilles tendon injuries. Furthermore, increasing the fourth height 13 significantly reduces all pressure parameters on the central and lateral forefoot during running. The time-pressure integral and maximum average pressure on the medial forefoot 10 decreased by 11% and 12%, respectively, reducing the risk of tendon stress rupture and enhancing forefoot rolling sensation.

[0042] Existing women's sports shoe lasts are usually based on men's shoe lasts, which have been downgraded to accommodate women's foot morphology. If the unmodified men's shoe last is used for women's sports shoes, the shoes will be too wide and too high for most women, such as Figure 3-1 and 3-2As shown, women's heels are narrower from bottom to top than men's. Wearing men's shoes can easily cause the heels to slip, and the shoes often don't fit the feet. Using a 3D foot scanner to collect 3D foot data from 847 subjects and using cluster analysis to classify the feet, the study found that within the foot length range of 250mm-270mm, men's feet are wider and taller.

[0043] Furthermore, since the width of women's heels 33 is narrower than the width of men's heels 34, a rear half tube opening 31 is formed above the heel 30. Compared with the standard shoe last 100, the distance between the inner and outer sides of the tube opening 31 is reduced to improve the wrapping of the heel 30 by the heel. At the same time, the width of the bottom of the heel 30 remains unchanged. Only adjusting the width of the tube opening 31 can keep the foot comfort of the heel 30 unchanged.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the distance between the inner and outer sides of the tube opening 31 is the first width 32, and the first width 32 is set to 26mm-29mm. The distance between the inner and outer sides of the tube opening of the standard size shoe last 100 is the third reference distance. Compared with the standard size shoe last 100, the first width 32 is smaller than the third reference distance, that is, the distance between the inner and outer sides of the tube opening 31 of the shoe last in this embodiment is narrowed by 1.5mm-2mm to improve the wrapping of the heel 30 of the female shoe last.

[0045] Because women's muscle level and functional level are lower than men's, especially the activation level of women's hamstring strength is lower than that of men, it directly affects the coordinated contraction of the quadriceps and hamstrings, thereby reducing the protective effect on the knee joint; women's anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are stronger than men's, resulting in more anterior and posterior displacement of the tibia during the swing period of running, which increases the chance of knee ligament injury; when running, women's knee valgus angle will be larger than men, making them more prone to knee pain and injury.

[0046] In summary, women's athletic shoes need to focus more on stability to enhance their knee joint protection. Furthermore, to examine differences in mid-foot measurements between men and women, optical scans, plaster casts, and manual measurements were performed on the right feet of 51 female participants aged 20 to 59 years (32 ± 10.2 years) and 39 male participants aged 22 to 71 years (47.1 ± 12.1 years) to identify the most important parameters characterizing pedal geometry and the parameters that differed most between male and female feet. The analysis revealed that the average heel-to-sole length for male participants was 181.5 mm, significantly longer than the average foot length of 165.0 mm for female participants. The width of the sole, instep, and heel of the male participants, as well as the foot circumference normalized to foot length, were significantly larger on average than those of the female participants.

[0047] The above results show that women's feet are different from men's feet in size and shape, and are not an algebraically scaled version of men's feet as is commonly believed. Male subjects' feet are on average longer than female subjects' feet, while women's feet are relatively narrower and have lower arch heights than male subjects' feet. Instep height is the factor with the largest difference between foot and shoe last measurements, with an average difference of 16mm-21mm. However, its grading only accounts for the 4mm difference between women's US size 6 and size 9.5.

[0048] According to the above, women have a strong need for stability, and the height of women's instep is relatively lower than that of men with the same foot length. Figure 5 As shown, the distance between the outer side of the forefoot 10 and the horizontal plane 200 is reduced, and the distance between the inner side of the forefoot 10 and the horizontal plane 200 is reduced, thereby increasing the contact area of ​​the sole of the foot and improving movement stability and ground feel.

[0049] Specifically, the distance between the outer side of the forefoot 10 and the horizontal plane 200 is a first height 14, and the distance between the inner side of the forefoot 10 and the horizontal plane 200 is a second height 15. The first height 14 is set to 9mm-12mm, and the second height 15 is set to 6mm-8mm. The distance between the outer side of the forefoot of the standard shoe last 100 and the horizontal plane 200 is the fourth reference distance, and the distance between the inner side of the forefoot and the horizontal plane 200 is the fifth reference distance. Compared with the standard shoe last 100, the vertical distance of the outer bottom end point of the forefoot 10 of the shoe last in this embodiment from the ground is less than the fourth reference distance, which is adjusted downward by 1mm-3mm, and the vertical distance of the inner bottom end point of the forefoot 10 from the ground is the fifth reference distance, which is adjusted downward by 2mm-5mm.

[0050] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, the distance between the inner side of the midfoot 20 and the horizontal plane 200 is reduced, and the distance between the inner side of the midfoot 20 and the horizontal plane 200 is the third height 16. The third height 16 is set to 6.5mm-9mm. The distance between the inner side of the midfoot and the horizontal plane 200 of the standard size shoe last 100 is the sixth reference distance. Compared with the standard size shoe last 100, the shoe last of this embodiment lowers the keel line of the bottom of the shoe last and reduces the curvature of the inner and outer transverse sections. The distance between the keel of the midfoot 20 and the ground is less than the sixth reference distance, and the downward vertical distance is reduced by 1mm-3mm to increase the contact area of ​​the sole of the foot and improve the stability functionality.

[0051] The size of the shoe last for women's sports shoes in the above embodiment is US size 7, and the length of the shoe last is 232mm-238mm. The existing standard size shoe last 100 for structural dimension comparison is also US size 7. Since there is a unified grading standard between different sizes, the grading standard is unified under the specification of the standard size. The adjustment range corresponding to the complete parameters described above will not change due to the change of the size of the shoe last. That is, the corresponding structural parameters of the shoe last in this embodiment that are graded according to the unified grading standard all fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0052] Specific experimental conditions: Figure 6 As shown, the shoes made of the shoe last in the above embodiment were used as experimental sample shoes. Seven runners of size US 7 were required to wear the sample shoes and perform regular walking movements to feel the static comfort and basic dynamic comfort of the sample shoes. The quantitative table was used to score the shoes. The results of the professional fitting of the new lasts for this round of sample shoes were passed, and about 57% of the runners reported that the shoes fit well in all areas and the satisfaction level met the standards.

[0053] above Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 5 The solid line portion is the shoe last of this embodiment, and the dotted line portion is the standard size shoe last.

[0054] The terms “above”, “below” and “within” mentioned above include the number itself; the terms “exceed” and “outside” do not include the number itself.

[0055] The present invention is further described above with the help of specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the specific description here should not be understood as limiting the essence and scope of the present invention, and various modifications made to the above embodiments by ordinary technicians in this field after reading this specification are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. The various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner unless there is any contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations of the embodiments of the present invention will not be described separately. If the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...), then the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

Claims

1. A shoe last for women's sports shoes, characterized in that: Including the forefoot and heel, the fifth metatarsal is formed on the outside of the forefoot. Compared with the standard size shoe last, the distance between the fifth metatarsal and the heel is reduced so that the lateral ball length of the shoe last corresponds to the shape of the female foot.

2. The shoe last for women's sports shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the forefoot and the heel is the first length, the distance between the fifth metatarsal bone and the heel is the second length, and the second length accounts for 62%-64.5% of the first length.

3. The shoe last for women's sports shoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tube mouth is formed above the heel, and compared with a standard-sized shoe last, the distance between the inner and outer sides of the tube mouth is reduced.

4. The shoe last for women's sports shoes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between the inner side and the outer side of the barrel mouth is a first width, and the first width is set to 26mm-29mm.

5. The shoe last for women's sports shoes according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: Compared with the standard size shoe last, the distance between the lateral side of the forefoot and the horizontal plane is reduced, and the distance between the medial side of the forefoot and the horizontal plane is reduced.

6. The shoe last for women's sports shoes according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between the outer side of the forefoot and the horizontal plane is the first height, and the distance between the inner side of the forefoot and the horizontal plane is the second height. The first height is set to 9mm-12mm, and the second height is set to 6mm-8mm.

7. The shoe last for women's sports shoes according to claim 5, characterized in that: This also includes the midfoot, where the distance between the medial side of the midfoot and the horizontal plane is reduced compared to a standard-size last.

8. The shoe last for women's sports shoes according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distance between the inner side of the midfoot and the horizontal plane is the third height, and the third height is set to 6.5mm-9mm.

9. The shoe last for women's sports shoes according to claim 1, 3 or 7, characterized in that: Compared to a standard-size last, the forefoot is positioned farther from the horizontal plane.

10. The shoe last for women's sports shoes according to claim 9, characterized in that: The distance between the forefoot and the horizontal plane is the fourth height, and the fourth height is set to 18mm-20.5mm.

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