Sun height vertical line sundial with time difference correction function

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sun altitude vertical line sundial with time difference correction, which comprises a latitude plate and a date and time plate, latitude scales are arranged on the front surface of the latitude plate, the date and time plate is rotatably arranged on the front surface of the latitude plate, a date and time table is arranged on the date and time plate, and a pointer is connected to the vertex of the date and time plate. The right side of the latitude plate is rotatably provided with a telescope cylinder, the telescope cylinder is connected with a sun telescope, the telescope cylinder is connected with a counter weight line, the back side of the latitude plate is rotatably provided with a true usual difference ruler, the back side of the latitude plate is provided with date scales, longitude scales, a true usual difference curve and longitude time difference scales, and the true usual difference can be read when the true usual difference ruler points to the date scales. The true longitude scale and the longitude time difference scale can be read at the same time. The device can be widely applied to different places, can measure the solar elevation angle in real time, determines the current moment according to the solar elevation angle, can inquire sunrise and sunset moments every day, and can perform double correction of longitude time difference and true flat sun time difference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sundials, in particular to a sun altitude vertical sundial with time difference correction. Background Art

[0002] A sundial, also known as a sundial, is a device that specifies the hour or minute based on the position of the sun's shadow.

[0003] The equatorial sundial is one of the most classic and traditional astronomical timekeeping instruments of ancient China. Its main features are: It displays time similarly to a modern clock, with evenly spaced time scales across the dial. The direction of the gnomon's shadow indicates true solar time at the location where the sundial is installed. Due to the changing declination of the sun, the time on the sundial must be read from both the upper and lower dials (from the upper dial during the equinoxes, summer solstice, and autumnal equinoxes, and from the lower dial during the equinoxes, winter solstice, and equinoxes).

[0004] Since my country uses Beijing Time, which is the mean solar time at 120 degrees east longitude, there are two values ​​that need to be converted between sundial time and Beijing Time: the "longitude time difference" and the "true mean solar time difference."

[0005] There are many educational tools available in China related to equatorial sundials, most of which are devices that adjust the latitude to suit the local geographic latitude. The distinctions between "longitude time difference" and "true mean solar time difference" require instruction in textbooks or by a lecturer.

[0006] The Earth's rotation and revolution cause the sun's altitude to vary daily, a variation that's difficult to discern on a typical equatorial sundial. The sun's declination varies with season and latitude, causing the sun's altitude to vary daily.

[0007] How to make students understand that the solar altitude angle changes differently every day, and that the daily solar altitude angle changes differently with different geographical latitudes and dates. The education of this knowledge is almost a blank area in China at present. Utility Model Content

[0008] In response to the defects in the existing technology, the utility model provides a solar altitude vertical sundial with time difference correction. This device can be widely used in different locations, can measure the solar altitude angle in real time, determine the current time based on the solar altitude angle, can query the daily sunrise and sunset times, and can perform dual corrections for longitude time difference and true mean solar time difference.

[0009] A vertical sundial with time difference correction includes a latitude plate and a date and time plate. The latitude plate is provided with a latitude scale on the upper left of the front surface. The date and time plate is rotatably provided on the front surface of the latitude plate. The date and time plate has a date and time table. A pointer is connected to the vertex of the date and time plate. The date and time table has a horizontal date line and a vertical time arc. A sighting column is rotatably provided on the front surface of the latitude plate. A sun sighting column is connected to the sighting column. The apertures at both ends of the sun sighting column are different. A weight line is connected to the sighting column.

[0010] A true time difference scale is rotatably provided on the back of the latitude plate. An annular date scale, a longitude scale, an annular true time difference curve and a longitude time difference value scale are provided on the back of the latitude plate. When the true time difference scale points to the date scale, it intersects with the annular true time difference curve to read the true time difference. The true time difference scale can read the longitude scale and the longitude time difference value scale at the same time.

[0011] Preferably, a date sliding scale is slidably provided on the date and time plate, and the date sliding scale can slide up and down.

[0012] Preferably, a slide groove is provided on the date and time plate, a slider is connected to the date sliding scale, and the slider is slidably connected to the slide groove.

[0013] Preferably, two slides are provided on the date and time board, and the two slides are respectively located on the left and right sides of the date and time table.

[0014] Preferably, the annular true balance curve is located inside the annular date scale.

[0015] Preferably, the longitude scale is located inside the longitude time difference scale.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: through the cooperation of various components in the present technical solution, it can be widely applied in different locations, can measure the solar altitude angle in real time, determine the current time by the solar altitude angle, can query the daily sunrise and sunset times, and can perform dual corrections of longitude time difference and true mean solar time difference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly describes the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. Elements or parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view of the latitude plate of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2This is a front view of the date and time plate of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a front view of the sun telescope in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a rear view of the mid-latitude plate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the true flatness ruler of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a front view of the latitude plate after rotation in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a front view of the mid-latitude plate and the sun tube of the present invention after they are rotated;

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of reading longitude and time difference values ​​in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of reading the true mean time difference in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the geocentric celestial sphere in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the dissection analysis;

[0029] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Schematic diagram of image projection into quadrants 1 and 3.

[0030] In the attached figure, 1-weight line, 2-latitude plate, 3-date sliding scale, 4-date and time plate, 5-sun tube, 6-sun tube column, 7-true time difference scale, 8-pointer, 9-annular date scale, 10-longitude scale, 11-true time difference curve, 12-longitude time difference value scale, 13-slide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which this utility model belongs.

[0033] Example

[0034] like Figures 1-6As shown, this embodiment provides a sundial with time difference correction, including a latitude plate 2 and a date and time plate 4. The latitude plate 2 is provided with a latitude scale on the upper left of the front surface. The date and time plate 4 is rotatably provided on the front surface of the latitude plate 2. The date and time plate 4 has a date and time table. The vertex of the date and time plate 4 is connected to a pointer 8. The date and time table has a horizontal date line and a vertical time arc. A sighting column 6 is rotatably provided on the front surface of the latitude plate 2. A sun sighting column 5 is connected to the sighting column 6. The apertures at both ends of the sun sighting column 5 are different. A weight line 1 is connected to the sighting column 6.

[0035] A true time difference ruler 7 is rotatably provided on the back of the latitude plate 2. An annular date scale 9, a longitude scale 10, an annular true time difference curve 11 and a longitude time difference value scale 12 are provided on the back of the latitude plate 2. The annular date scale 9 corresponds to the true time difference curve 11. When the true time difference ruler 7 points to the date scale 9, it intersects with the annular true time difference curve 11 to read the true time difference. The longitude scale 10 corresponds to the longitude time difference value scale 12. The true time difference ruler 7 can read the longitude scale 10 and the longitude time difference value scale 12 at the same time.

[0036] In this embodiment, a date sliding scale 3 is slidably provided on the date and time plate 4 , and the date sliding scale 3 can slide up and down.

[0037] In this embodiment, a slide groove 13 is provided on the date and time plate 4 , and a slider is connected to the date sliding scale 3 , and the slider is slidably connected to the slide groove 13 .

[0038] In this embodiment, two slide grooves 13 are provided on the date and time plate 4. The two slide grooves 13 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the date and time table.

[0039] In this embodiment, the annular true balance curve 11 is located inside the annular date scale 9 .

[0040] In this embodiment, the longitude scale 10 is located inside the longitude time difference scale 12 .

[0041] In this embodiment, a date sliding scale 3 is provided to facilitate reading of the date. Figure 3 For months 1-3 and 10-12, the bottom wall of the date sliding scale 3 is slid to the corresponding date, and the bottom wall of the date sliding scale 3 represents the date line of the current day. For months 4-6 and 7-9, the top wall of the date sliding scale 3 is slid to the corresponding date, and the top wall of the date sliding scale 3 represents the date line of the current day.

[0042] The specific working principle is as follows:

[0043] 1. Determine the time of sunrise and sunset.

[0044] The following description assumes that the latitude of the location is 47 degrees and the longitude is 105 degrees.

[0045] When in use, the latitude plate is always vertically upward.

[0046] Rotate the pointer 8 on the date and time plate 4 to the local geographical latitude, such as Figure 6 47 degrees as shown,

[0047] The bottom wall of the date sliding scale 3 slides to the date line position of February 12. At this time, the bottom wall of the date sliding scale 3 represents the date line of February 12.

[0048] The sight tube column 6 is placed vertically, and the sun sight tube 5 is horizontal. At this time, the hammer line 1 intersects with the bottom wall of the date sliding scale 3 and the time arc. The numbers at both ends of the time arc are the sunrise and sunset times of February 12, sunrise at 7 am and sunset at 5 pm.

[0049] 2. Determine the solar altitude angle and read the true solar time.

[0050] Place the device in the sun and rotate the sun tube 5 to allow sunlight to pass through it. Since the apertures at both ends of the sun tube 5 are different, light from the large aperture end to the small aperture end will form a bright spot at the small aperture end. When the bright spot is concentric with the small aperture end, it means that the solar altitude angle is accurate. At this time, the value where the left wall of the sun tube column 6 touches the latitude scale is the solar altitude angle at that time. Figure 7 35° shown.

[0051] Observe the instrument and read the data. For example, slide the top wall of the date sliding scale 3 to the date line position of May 22. At this time, the top wall of the date sliding scale 3 represents the date line of May 22.

[0052] Observe the intersection of the hammer line 1, the top wall of the date sliding scale 3, and the time arc, and judge the time by the time arc. Read the true solar time at that time as 8 am or 4 pm.

[0053] 3. Read the longitude time difference.

[0054] Turn the instrument over and rotate the true mean time difference ruler 7 to the local geographical longitude value on the longitude scale 10. At this time, the true mean time difference ruler 7 points to the position of the longitude time difference scale 12, that is, the longitude time difference. Figure 8 As shown, the longitude is 105 degrees and the longitude time difference is -60 minutes.

[0055] The longitude time difference scale 12 in the figure only depicts the longitude range of China.

[0056] 4. Read the true mean time difference.

[0057] Rotate the true mean difference ruler 7 again to point to the position of May 22 on the date scale 9, as shown in the figure below. Figure 9 As shown, at this time, the scale at the intersection of the true mean time difference ruler 7 and the true mean time difference curve 11 is -3 minutes.

[0058] The annular true time difference curve 11 in this embodiment is expressed by replacing the ordinary true time difference curve, and its function is to correspond to the annular date scale 9 so as to match the date scale 9 and be directly read.

[0059] 5. Convert to Beijing time.

[0060] Convert Beijing time to sundial time: Beijing time = sundial time (true solar time) + longitude time difference + true mean time difference, that is, Beijing time at the time of observation in the afternoon of the same day = 16:00 - 60 minutes - 3 minutes = 14:57.

[0061] The specific date and time table is obtained as follows:

[0062] like Figure 10 The geocentric celestial sphere shown here shows a person standing on Earth with the celestial dome at their head. Earth rotates on its polar axis, and the person's geographic latitude is equal to the angle between the polar axis and the horizontal. The sun's annual orbit along the ecliptic is reflected on Earth as a ±23.5° fluctuation in its altitude.

[0063] Will Figure 10 Decomposed into Figure 11 As shown, on different days of the year, the sun rises in the east and sets in the west along an inclined elliptical line. At 12 o'clock (true solar time) in a day, the sun rises to its highest point overhead, and the time arc is drawn at 15 degrees per hour.

[0064] Will Figure 11 Project the image in to the first / third quadrant to obtain Figure 12 , Figure 12 It shows different times when the solar altitude is 35 degrees at 47 degrees north latitude. For example, on Grain Full (May 21) and Great Heat (July 23), when the solar altitude is 35 degrees, the true solar time is 8 am or 4 pm.

[0065] When the date line is adjusted to a horizontal state, Figure 2 The dates shown in the timetable.

[0066] Specific date and time board 4 setting reference Figure 12 The top and bottom walls of the date and time plate 4 are arranged in the same proportions, forming arcuate surfaces. When the date and time plate is horizontal and the sight post 6 is vertical, the top of the weight line 1 is at the apex of the date and time plate 4. When the sight post 6 is vertical and the weight line 1 is vertical, the weight line 1 and the left wall of the sight post 6 are aligned in the same vertical line.

[0067] In this embodiment, the 0 degree value of the latitude scale is located at the top of the latitude plate 2 , and the 90 degree value of the latitude scale is located at the left part of the latitude plate 2 .

[0068] A fixed axis is set on the latitude plate 2, and the date and time plate 4 and the sight tube column 6 are all rotatably sleeved on the fixed axis. During the initial state, the left wall of the sight tube column 6 and the left wall of the pointer 8 are aligned with the 0 degree value of the latitude scale.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical sundial with time difference correction, characterized in that: The invention comprises a latitude plate (2) and a date and time plate (4), wherein a latitude scale is provided on the upper left portion of the front of the latitude plate (2), and the date and time plate (4) is rotatably provided on the front of the latitude plate (2). The date and time plate (4) has a date time table, and a pointer (8) is connected to the vertex of the date and time plate (4). The date time table has a horizontal date line and a vertical time arc. A sighting column (6) is rotatably provided on the front of the latitude plate (2), and a sun sighting column (5) is connected to the sighting column (6). The apertures at both ends of the sun sighting column (5) are different, and a weight line (1) is connected to the sighting column (6). The back of the latitude plate (2) is provided with a true time difference ruler (7) for rotation. The back of the latitude plate (2) is provided with an annular date scale (9), a longitude scale (10), an annular true time difference curve (11) and a longitude time difference value scale (12). When the true time difference ruler (7) points to the date scale (9) and intersects with the annular true time difference curve (11), the true time difference is read. The true time difference ruler (7) can read the longitude scale (10) and the longitude time difference value scale (12) at the same time.

2. A sundial with time difference correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A date sliding scale (3) is slidably provided on the date and time plate (4), and the date sliding scale (3) can slide up and down.

3. A vertical sundial with time difference correction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The date and time plate (4) is provided with a slide groove (13), the date sliding scale (3) is connected with a slider, and the slider is slidably connected to the slide groove (13).

4. The vertical sundial with time difference correction according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two chutes (13) are provided on the date and time plate (4), and the two chutes (13) are respectively located on the left and right sides of the date and time table.

5. The vertical sundial with time difference correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular true balance curve (11) is located inside the annular date scale (9).

6. The vertical sundial with time difference correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitude scale (10) is located inside the longitude time difference scale (12).

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