Air purification device for subway station based on electromagnetic adsorption

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of air purification, in particular to an air purification device for a subway station based on electromagnetic adsorption, which comprises a reverse fan unit, a coarse filter unit and an electromagnetic filter unit, and the electromagnetic filter unit is arranged between the reverse fan unit and the coarse filter unit. The electromagnetic filter unit comprises a filter element and a coil, the filter element comprises a filter element framework and a filter screen, and the filter screen is made of a soft magnetic material. According to the utility model, the electromagnetic filter unit is arranged, the electromagnetic effect principle is utilized, and the coil is electrified, so that a high-gradient magnetic field is generated in the filter element, and ferromagnetic particles in the air are adsorbed by the filter element, so that high-concentration iron-containing particles in the air in the subway station can be removed in a targeted manner, and the subway air quality is remarkably improved; and the body health of passengers and subway workers is protected.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of air purification, concretely relates to an air purification device based on electromagnetic adsorption. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to relative closure, limited air circulation and complex pollution sources, air pollution is serious in subway stations, affecting the health of subway staff and passengers. Many studies on urban subway systems show that the mass of iron compounds (such as Fe3O4, α-Fe2O3 and γ-Fe2O3) in particulate matter can account for 75-85% of the total mass of particulate matter, and the content of Fe3O4 can even account for 60-70%. Some scholars have conducted toxicology research on the health hazards of particulate matter in the subway environment, and the results show that particulate matter in the subway environment is more harmful to human health than ground particulate matter. Therefore, it is urgent to control the metal particulate matter pollution in the public area of the subway station, reduce the concentration of metal particulate matter, and protect the health of the people.

[0003] At present, the subway station in China generally adopts the combination filtering mode of installing a rough filter or a rough filter + medium filter in the air conditioning system to filter the fresh air or fresh air + return air entering the public area through the air conditioning system. The existing purification measures have the following problems:

[0004] (1) The existing purification measures only filter the air entering the station through the air conditioning system, but due to the frequent entry and exit of subway trains, there is a large amount of unorganized air flow in the station, and there is currently no purification measure for this part of the air, which leads to high concentration of heavy metal particulate matter pollution in the subway station.

[0005] (2) The filter element used in the existing filter has the problems of no targeting in filtering particulate matter and being unable to effectively remove metal particulate matter, and also has the problems of low filtering efficiency, fast dust accumulation, difficult cleaning, short service life, etc., resulting in high operation and maintenance cost of the station air conditioning system. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0006] The utility model discloses in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem in the prior art, based on the characteristics of high content of iron-containing particulate matter and strong magnetism in the subway station, a kind of air purification device based on electromagnetic adsorption for subway station is designed, the air purification device can effectively reduce the concentration of metal particulate matter in subway station, protect the health of passengers and subway staff, and it can realize one-key cleaning and be repeatedly used.

[0007] The specific scheme of the utility model is as follows:

[0008] The utility model discloses a subway station air purification device based on electromagnetic adsorption, including reverse fan unit, coarse -effect filter unit, its characterized in that still includes electromagnetic filter unit, electromagnetic filter unit sets up between reverse fan unit and coarse -effect filter unit, electromagnetic filter unit includes filter core and coil, filter core includes filter core framework and filter screen, and the filter screen is made of soft magnetic material.

[0009] Further, the filter screen is layered on the filter core framework.

[0010] Further, the filter screen is woven in plain weave.

[0011] Further, the filter core is in inverted circular platform type.

[0012] Further, the filter screen is made of permalloy.

[0013] Further, it further includes rotary centrifugal unit, and the rotary centrifugal unit includes bottom disc, rotary platform and rotary platform drive mechanism, and the rotary platform is connected with the filter core.

[0014] Further, the reverse fan unit includes fan, top air port and fan motor, and the fan is installed in the top air port.

[0015] Further, the coarse -effect filter unit includes bottom air port and coarse -effect filter screen, and the coarse -effect filter screen is arranged in the bottom air port.

[0016] Further, it further includes dust collection bottom disc, and the bottom air port and the coarse -effect filter are arranged above the dust collection bottom disc.

[0017] Further, it further includes timing system linked with the rotary centrifugal unit and the electromagnetic filter unit.

[0018] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) targeted improvement subway air quality, subway train frequently, and the station causes train wheel and track, contact network, brake piece etc. multiple parts friction and metal wear, produces a large amount of iron-containing particulate matter with ferromagnetic property, the purification device passes through setting electromagnetic filter unit, utilizes electromagnetic effect principle, passes through the coil electrification, makes the filter core produce high gradient magnetic field, and the ferromagnetic particle in air is adsorbed after passing through the filter core, and then can targetedly remove high concentration iron-containing particulate matter in subway station air, significantly improves subway air quality, protects the health of passenger and subway staff.

[0020] (2) energy saving and emission reduction, no secondary pollution, adopts high magnetic permeability permalloy as filter core material, still has higher magnetization intensity under small current, saves energy, and has no ionization effect to air, does not produce ozone and other harmful byproducts, and is more environmental protection.

[0021] (3) Self-cleaning filter element, reusable. The introduction of a rotating centrifugal unit and automatic reversing fan to achieve self-cleaning filter element, so that the filter element without large-scale disassembly can be cleaned, easy to operate; filter element material long service life, reusable, low cost of consumables.

[0022] (4) Low operating and maintenance costs. Compared with the mainstream filter element on the market, it can automatically clean the filter element by pressing the button, and the subway cleaning personnel can clean the particulate matter, without the need to find professionals to replace and clean the filter element, which is low in labor cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the air purification device for the subway station of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the air purification device for the subway station of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the filter element of the utility model Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the filter element of the utility model Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the filter screen of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the dust collecting chassis of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the bottom air inlet of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the coarse efficiency filter screen of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of the rotating centrifugal unit of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 10 It is a working principle diagram of the filter mode of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 11 It is a working principle diagram of the cleaning mode of the utility model;

[0034] 1-reverse fan unit, 11-fan, 12-top air outlet, 13-clamping groove, 14-fan motor, 2-electromagnetic filter unit, 3-coarse filter unit, 31-bottom air outlet, 32-primary filter screen, 4-rotary centrifugal unit, 41-bottom plate, 42-rotary platform, 43-motor, 44-worm gear, 45-worm, 5-filter element, 51-filter element framework, 52-filter screen, 6-coil, 7-dust collecting tray. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for the purpose of description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" and the like can be explicitly or implicitly included one or more. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication between two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in the following description of the embodiments of the present application, obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] As Figures 1-2As shown, the air purification device for subway station based on electromagnetic adsorption comprises a reverse fan unit 1, a coarse filter unit 3 and an electromagnetic filter unit 2, and the electromagnetic filter unit 2 is arranged between the reverse fan unit 1 and the coarse filter unit 3. The reverse fan unit 1 is used for realizing air intake and air supply, the coarse filter unit 3 is used for filtering particulate matters with large particle sizes, realizing preliminary filtration, and the electromagnetic filter unit 2 is used for further filtering the air preliminarily filtered by the coarse filter, so as to remove iron-containing particulate matters.

[0040] As shown, Figures 3-5 The electromagnetic filter unit 2 comprises a filter core 5, a coil 6 and an outer cylinder. The coil 6 is powered to generate a high-gradient magnetic field in the filter core 5, thereby realizing electromagnetic adsorption of iron-containing particulate matters. The filter core 5 and the coil 6 are arranged in the outer cylinder, and the coil 6 is sleeved outside the filter core 5. The filter core 5 is the main structure of the electromagnetic filter unit, and comprises a filter core framework 51 and a filter screen 52. The filter screen 52 is made of a magnetic material, preferably a soft magnetic material, and further preferably a permalloy. The filter screen 52 is filled with permalloy, which has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability and easy magnetization. The filter core can be magnetized by powering the external coil, so that a high-gradient magnetic field is formed inside the filter core. Therefore, a large current is not needed to achieve a high magnetic field strength, and the energy-saving benefit is good.

[0041] The filter screen 52 is arranged in layers on the filter core framework 51. The filter screen 52 is arranged in a multi-layer mesh structure, and each layer of the filter screen 52 is woven in a plain weave, which is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction, so as to maximize the magnetic field gradient. The filter screen weaving details are shown in Figure 5 Moreover, due to the strong adsorption of the magnetic material, the mesh size of the filter screen can be much larger than the particle size of the filtered material, thereby reducing the fan energy consumption and filtering more gas in unit time, and further improving the filtering efficiency.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the filter core 5 is in the shape of an inverted circular truncated cone. The overall shape of the filter core 5 is in the shape of an inverted circular truncated cone, which maximizes the air contact area and further improves the filtering efficiency.

[0043] The utility model discloses a set up electromagnetic filter unit 2, and applies electromagnetic adsorption to the air filtration of subway station, and electromagnetic filter unit 2 is more sensitive to the magnetic pollution in the air, and after investigation, one of the main components of inhalable particulate matter in subway air is iron oxide, most of which has magnetism, and the particle size is small, and the conventional mode is not easy to filter, therefore the design of electromagnetic filter unit 2 has great application prospect in the subway filtration system. And compared with permanent magnet adsorption, electromagnetic adsorption can demagnetize by changing the current direction, so that the captured particulate matter and filter core are easy to separate, which provides guarantee for cleaning function. Compared with the electrostatic filter device that is more used in the current subway station, the current required for the permalloy as filter screen material to reach a certain magnetic field strength is smaller, and air ionization does not produce ozone, and the utility model designed by electromagnetic adsorption is more environmentally friendly.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] On the basis of embodiment 1, the subway station air purification device based on electromagnetic adsorption further includes a rotating centrifugal unit 4, as shown in Figure 9 The rotating centrifugal unit 4 includes a bottom disc 41, a rotating platform 42 and a rotating platform driving mechanism, the rotating platform 42 is connected to the filter core 5 through buckling, the rotating platform driving mechanism drives the rotating platform 42 to rotate, and then the filter core 5 rotates and centrifugates. The main function of the rotating centrifugal unit is to realize the cleaning of the filter core by using the rotating centrifugal method. In the cleaning mode, the motor is started to drive the filter core to rotate, and the particles adsorbed on the filter core are made to fall off by using centrifugal force.

[0046] In this embodiment, the rotating platform driving mechanism includes a motor 43, a worm gear 44 and a worm 45, the rotating platform 42 is provided with the worm gear 44, one side of the rotating platform is provided with the worm 45, the worm 45 is rotatably supported on the bottom air port 31 or rotatably supported on the bottom disc 41, one end of the worm 45 is connected with the motor 43, the worm gear is engaged with the worm 45, the motor 43 drives the worm 45 to rotate, drives the rotating platform 42 to rotate around the axis of the worm gear 44, and then the filter core 5 rotates and centrifugates. Of course, other alternative ways can also be used to drive the rotating platform 42 to rotate.

[0047] Further, as shown in Figures 1-2As shown, the reversing fan unit 1 includes a fan 11, a top air outlet 12 and a fan motor 14. The fan 11 is arranged in the top air outlet 12. The reversing fan unit 1 is used to use the pressure difference to realize the flow of air in the utility model, wherein the fan 11 fixedly installed inside is driven by the fan motor 14 to rotate forward and reverse. During forward filtering, the circuit controller receives an external control signal to control the stepper motor to drive the forward and reverse fans to rotate forward. The utility model supplies air from the top and takes in air 360° from the bottom. Under the action of the pressure difference, the outside air enters the filter element from bottom to top for magnetic purification. During reverse cleaning, the fan motor 14 drives the forward and reverse fans to reverse, and the air takes in air from the top. The air passes through the filter element and is finally discharged from the bottom air outlet. When the magnetism disappears, the reverse blowing of the forward and reverse fans can blow away the metal particles, dust particles, etc. adsorbed on the filter element, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the filter element.

[0048] Preferably, a clamping slot 13 is provided at the bottom end of the top air outlet 12 , and the top air outlet 12 is clamped with the outer cylinder of the electromagnetic filter unit 2 through the clamping slot 13 .

[0049] In this embodiment, two modes, filtering mode and cleaning mode, can be achieved by cooperating with the reversing fan unit 1 and the rotating centrifugal unit 4; in the filtering mode, the electromagnetic filtering unit 2 is energized, the reversing fan rotates forward, and the rotating centrifugal unit 4 does not work; in the cleaning mode, the electromagnetic filtering unit 2 is not energized, the reversing fan rotates reversely, and the rotating centrifugal unit 4 rotates and works.

[0050] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the coarse filter unit 3 includes a bottom air outlet 31 and a coarse filter screen 32, and the coarse filter screen is arranged in the bottom air outlet 31. In a preferred embodiment, the bottom air outlet 31 is as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, it is composed of two semi-cylindrical grids spliced ​​together, connected by a buckle in the middle. After the cleaning mode is completed, it can be disassembled by the buckle to clean the particles dropped on the chassis; the coarse filter 32 is adjacent to the bottom air outlet 31, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the structure of the coarse filter 32 is similar to that of the bottom air outlet 32 ​​and can be disassembled. Its main function is to preliminarily filter out particles with larger particle sizes in the air.

[0051] Furthermore, it also includes a dust collecting chassis 7, the structure of the dust collecting chassis 7 is as follows Figure 6 The bottom air outlet 31 and the coarse filter 32 are arranged above the dust collecting chassis 7, and the dust collecting chassis 7 is used to collect fallen particles.

[0052] Example 3:

[0053] On the basis of embodiment 2, the utility model also is equipped with timing system, it installs in reverse fan unit, and it is linked with rotating centrifugal unit and electromagnetic filter unit simultaneously.In train operation time period, control electromagnetic filter unit opens, and control fan motor drives reverse fan to carry out normal rotation simultaneously, filter clean air to outside, and can control reverse fan rotating speed according to particulate matter concentration, when particulate matter concentration is high, uses high fan rotating speed, and particulate matter concentration is lower, and fan keeps lower rotating speed operation.In train stop operation time, control rotating centrifugal unit and electromagnetic filter unit open, and control step motor drives normal and reverse fan to carry out reverse simultaneously, to filter core carries out self-cleaning, and time length is 15-20 minutes.

[0054] The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

[0055] In the filtration mode, the airflow direction is as shown in Figure 10 The coil is electrified, a magnetic field is generated in the filter core, the automatic reverse fan is started, the fan sends air outward through the top air outlet, air enters from the bottom air outlet 360° due to the pressure difference, and the iron-containing particles with magnetism are adsorbed by the magnetic field in the filter core, and the remaining clean air is sent out from the top air outlet.

[0056] In the cleaning mode, the airflow direction is as shown in Figure 11 The coil is de-energized, the rotating centrifugal unit is operated to drive the filter core to rotate. At the same time, the automatic reverse fan sends air inward in reverse, air enters from the top air outlet, passes through the filter core, so that the particles that do not fall after de-energization are carried away, and finally the airflow is sent out from the bottom air outlet. When operating, the particles adsorbed by the filter core will fall into the collection unit after de-energization, a part of the particles will fall into the collection unit or be discharged with the airflow due to the centrifugal effect and the airflow effect, and finally settle on the ground. The collection unit can be disassembled, so that the filter core can be cleaned by only sweeping the collection unit and the ground nearby. After the subway station stops operating every day, the cleaning mode is started, and the duration is 15-20 minutes.

[0057] In actual application, during the operation period of the station, the filtering mode is started, the coil is powered, the air in the subway station is sucked from the bottom air outlet by the fan, filtered by the filter element, and discharged from the top air outlet. During the non-operation period of the station at night, the filtering mode is closed, the coil is powered off, the cleaning mode is started after 30 minutes, the bottom rotating centrifugal unit of the filter element is operated, the filter element is rotated, the top fan is automatically reversed, the air enters the filter device from the top air outlet, passes through the filter element, and is discharged from the bottom air outlet. A part of the particulate matters adsorbed by the filter element falls in the collecting unit after the cleaning mode is operated, a part of the particulate matters is discharged with the air flow, and finally, the particulate matters are deposited on the ground. The dust is cleaned by the cleaning personnel of the station in the morning of the next day. The coil is powered off, the magnetic field in the filter element disappears gradually, a part of the iron-containing particulate matters adsorbed on the filter element falls in the dust collecting tray due to gravity, the rotating centrifugal unit and the reversed fan unit are started, the particulate matters adsorbed on the filter element are thrown out due to centrifugal force, and the particulate matters are discharged with the air flow by the reversed fan unit. Therefore, the filter element is automatically cleaned and regenerated, and the efficient reuse of the filter element is realized.

[0058] The principle and implementation mode of the specific examples are described in the utility model, and the above examples are only used for helping to understand the method and core idea of the utility model. Meanwhile, according to the idea of the utility model, the specific implementation mode and application range will be changed by the general technical personnel in the field. In conclusion, the content of the specification should not be understood as the limitation of the utility model.

Claims

1. An air purification device for a subway station based on electromagnetic adsorption, comprising a reverse fan unit (1), a coarse filter unit (3), characterized in that, It also includes an electromagnetic filtering unit (2) and a rotating centrifugal unit (4), the electromagnetic filtering unit (2) is arranged between the reverse fan unit (1) and the rough filtering unit (3), the reverse fan unit (1), the electromagnetic filtering unit (2) and the rough filtering unit (3) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the reverse fan unit (1) and the rotating centrifugal unit (4) can realize two modes of filtering mode and cleaning mode; the electromagnetic filtering unit (2) includes a filter core (5) and a coil (6), the filter core (5) includes a filter core framework (51) and a filter screen (52), the filter core (5) is in the shape of an inverted circular truncated cone, the filter screen (52) is arranged on the filter core framework (51) in layers, the filter screen (52) is made of soft magnetic material, and the filter screen (52) is woven in plain weave.

2. The electromagnetic adsorption-based air purification device for a subway station according to claim 1, characterized by, The filter screen (52) is made of permalloy.

3. The air purifying device for a subway station based on electromagnetic adsorption according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The rotating centrifugal unit (4) includes a bottom disc (41), a rotating platform (42) and a rotating platform driving mechanism, and the rotating platform (42) is connected with the filter core (5).

4. The electromagnetic adsorption-based air purification device for a subway station according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, The reverse fan unit (1) includes a fan (11), a top air inlet (12) and a fan motor (14), and the fan (11) is installed in the top air inlet (12).

5. The electromagnetic adsorption-based air purification device for a subway station according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, The rough filtering unit (3) includes a bottom air inlet (31) and a rough filtering screen (32), and the rough filtering screen (32) is arranged in the bottom air inlet (31).

6. The air purifying device for a subway station based on electromagnetic adsorption according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a dust collecting bottom disc (7), and the bottom air inlet (31) and the rough filtering screen (32) are arranged above the dust collecting bottom disc (7).

7. The electromagnetic adsorption-based air purification device for a subway station according to claim 3, characterized by, It also includes a timing system associated with the rotating centrifugal unit (4) and the electromagnetic filtering unit (2).

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