Fuel cell based on insulation structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel cell based on an insulation structure, which comprises a first electric pile assembly and a first insulation cushion block assembly, and the first electric pile assembly is arranged on a casing bottom plate and is fixed and insulated and isolated by the first insulation cushion block assembly; the first insulating cushion block assembly comprises a lower insulating cushion block, a side insulating cushion block and a front-back insulating cushion block; one side of the lower insulating cushion block is connected with the cathode end plate and the anode end plate of the first electric pile assembly, and the other side of the lower insulating cushion block is connected with the casing bottom plate to limit the first electric pile assembly to move along the vertical direction; one side of the lateral insulation cushion block is laterally connected with the cathode end plate and the anode end plate of the first electric pile assembly, and the other side of the lateral insulation cushion block is connected with the casing bottom plate to limit the lateral displacement of the first electric pile assembly; one side of the forward-backward insulation cushion block is connected with the cathode end plate and the anode end plate of the first electric pile assembly in the forward-backward direction, and the other side of the forward-backward insulation cushion block is connected with the casing bottom plate to limit the forward-backward displacement of the first electric pile assembly. The utility model can effectively improve the moisture-proof and insulating properties of the fuel cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell based on an insulating structure. Background Technology

[0002] Fuel cells typically operate in a confined space. Due to water leaks or high humidity, components requiring insulation, such as the stack connection endplates, current collectors, and copper busbar mounting brackets, may operate in a high-humidity environment. Moisture buildup on the surfaces of these insulating components can create flow channels, leading to poor moisture protection and insulation performance. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a fuel cell based on an insulating structure, which can effectively improve the moisture-proof and insulation performance of the fuel cell's insulating components in environments with high humidity or moisture content.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A fuel cell based on an insulating structure includes a first fuel cell stack assembly and a first insulating pad assembly. The first fuel cell stack assembly is disposed on a casing base plate and is fixed and insulated by the first insulating pad assembly. The first insulating pad assembly includes a lower insulating pad, a side insulating pad, and a front-rear insulating pad. One side of the lower insulating pad is connected to the cathode and anode end plates of the first fuel cell stack assembly, and the other side is connected to the casing base plate, restricting the vertical displacement of the first fuel cell stack assembly. One side of the side insulating pad is laterally connected to the cathode and anode end plates of the first fuel cell stack assembly, and the other side is connected to the casing base plate, restricting the lateral displacement of the first fuel cell stack assembly. One side of the front-rear insulating pad is front-rear connected to the cathode and anode end plates of the first fuel cell stack assembly, and the other side is connected to the casing base plate, restricting the front-rear displacement of the first fuel cell stack assembly.

[0006] Furthermore, the lower insulating pad, the side insulating pad, and the front-to-back insulating pad are configured as a multi-layer stepped block structure, and the multi-layer stepped block structure is provided with countersunk holes and / or through holes.

[0007] Furthermore, the fuel cell based on the insulating structure also includes a second stack assembly and a second insulating pad assembly, wherein the first stack assembly and the second insulating pad assembly are fixed and insulated from each other by the second insulating pad assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, the second insulating pad assembly includes an inter-pile side insulating pad, one side of which is connected to the cathode and anode end plates of the first fuel cell assembly, and the other side is connected to the cathode and anode end plates on the same side of the second fuel cell assembly, thereby restricting the vertical or lateral displacement of the first and second fuel cell assemblies.

[0009] Furthermore, the second insulating pad assembly includes a current collector first fixed insulating pad, and the current collector and positive copper busbar of the second fuel cell assembly are fixed to the negative end plate of the first fuel cell assembly through the current collector first fixed insulating pad; the first fixed insulating pad is configured as a multi-layer stepped block structure, and the multi-layer stepped block structure is provided with countersunk holes and / or through holes.

[0010] Furthermore, the second insulating pad assembly includes a current collector second fixed insulating pad, and the current collector of the first fuel cell assembly and the inter-pile connecting copper busbar are fixed to the cathode end plate of the second fuel cell assembly through the current collector second fixed insulating pad; the second fixed insulating pad is configured as a multi-layer stepped block structure, and the multi-layer stepped block structure is provided with countersunk holes and / or through holes.

[0011] Furthermore, the second insulating pad assembly includes front and rear insulating pads between the stacks. One side of the front and rear insulating pads between the stacks is connected to the cathode end plate and anode end plate of the first fuel cell stack assembly, and the other side is connected to the cathode end plate and anode end plate on the same side of the second fuel cell stack assembly, thereby restricting the front and rear displacement of the first fuel cell stack assembly and the second fuel cell stack assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the first battery stack assembly includes a cathode end plate, a cathode current collector, a positive end plate, an anode current collector, and a battery stack, wherein the cathode end plate, cathode current collector, battery stack, anode current collector, and positive end plate are connected in sequence.

[0013] Furthermore, the second battery stack assembly includes a cathode end plate, a cathode current collector, a positive end plate, an anode current collector, and a battery stack, wherein the cathode end plate, cathode current collector, battery stack, anode current collector, and positive end plate are connected in sequence.

[0014] Furthermore, the surfaces of the first fuel cell assembly, the second fuel cell assembly, the first insulating pad assembly, the second insulating pad assembly, and the housing base plate are sprayed or coated with a hydrophobic insulating coating.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] 1. This utility model proposes a fuel cell based on an insulating structure, including a stack assembly and an insulating pad assembly. The insulating pad assembly enables the stack assembly to be fixed and constrained in three directions with the system housing base plate, and ensures structural insulation isolation.

[0017] 2. In this invention, the insulating pad components, including the lower insulating pad, side insulating pad, and front-to-back insulating pad, are configured as a multi-layer stepped block structure. This multi-layer stepped block structure is provided with countersunk holes and / or through holes. Since condensate formed on the surface of the internal structural components of the housing disperses into spherical droplets, the surface of the insulating pad in this invention is not a single plane, but rather adopts a "stepped block" form. This ensures the connection between the end plates of the fuel cell stack, interrupting the water channel and preventing the formation of continuous "ionized water channels." Water droplets can be discharged through vibration and purging, which not only improves the moisture resistance of the fuel cell but also enhances its insulation performance.

[0018] 3. In this invention, the surfaces of the fuel cell stack assembly and the insulating pad assembly are sprayed or coated with a hydrophobic insulating coating. Because condensation can form on the surface of the internal insulating components when there is water leakage or excessive humidity inside the fuel cell casing, this invention uses fuel cell stack encapsulation end plates, current collectors, insulating pads, insulating support strips, encapsulation components, copper busbar fixing brackets, etc., with hydrophobic insulating coatings to form a structure that improves moisture resistance and insulation performance. This prevents the formation of "ion water channels," and not only allows water inside the casing to be discharged through vibration and purging, improving moisture resistance, but also enhances the insulation performance of the fuel cell stack, eliminating safety hazards. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell structure based on an insulation structure, as shown in Example 1.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lower insulating pad structure in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the side insulating pad structure in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front-to-back insulating pad structure of Example 1.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell structure based on an insulation structure, as shown in Example 2.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the collector plate structure connection in Example 2.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the inter-stack side insulating pad structure in Example 2.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first fixed insulating pad structure of the current collector in Embodiment 2.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second fixed insulating pad structure of the current collector in Embodiment 2.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 1-Base plate of the casing, 2-Lower insulating pad, 3-Side insulating pad, 4-Cathode end plate, 5-Cathode current collector plate, 6-Anode end plate, 7-Anode current collector plate, 8-Battery stack, 9-Front and rear insulating pad, 10-Inter-stack side insulating pad, 11-First fixed insulating pad for current collector plate, 12-Second fixed insulating pad for current collector plate, 13-Negative copper busbar, 14-Positive copper busbar, 15-Inter-stack connecting copper busbar, 16-Inter-stack front and rear insulating pad. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this utility model, specific embodiments are now described. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this utility model and are not intended to limit it; that is, the described embodiments are only a part of, and not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a fuel cell based on an insulating structure, including a first fuel cell stack assembly and a first insulating pad assembly. The first fuel cell stack assembly is disposed on the bottom plate 1 of the housing and is fixed and insulated by the first insulating pad assembly. The first fuel cell stack assembly includes a cathode end plate 4, a cathode current collector 5, an anode end plate 6, an anode current collector 7, and a battery stack 8, which are connected in sequence. The first insulating pad assembly includes a lower insulating pad 2, a side insulating pad 3, and a front-to-back insulating pad 9.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, one side of the lower insulating pad 2 (through countersunk holes) is connected to the cathode end plate 4 and anode end plate 6 of the first fuel cell stack assembly, and the other side (through two through holes) is connected to the base plate 1 of the housing, restricting the vertical displacement of the first fuel cell stack assembly.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, one side of the lateral insulating pad 3 is laterally connected to the cathode end plate 4 and anode end plate 6 of the first fuel cell stack assembly, and the other side is connected to the base plate 1 of the housing, restricting the lateral displacement of the first fuel cell stack assembly.

[0035] like Figure 4As shown, one side of the forward and backward insulating pad 9 is connected to the cathode end plate 4 and anode end plate 6 of the first fuel cell stack assembly in the forward and backward direction, and the other side is connected to the base plate 1 of the housing, restricting the forward and backward displacement of the first fuel cell stack assembly.

[0036] Therefore, in this embodiment, the first insulating pad assembly is fixed and constrained in three directions with the housing base plate 1 by the lower insulating pad 2, the side insulating pad 3, and the front and rear insulating pad 9, and the structure is kept insulated.

[0037] Preferably, the lower insulating pad 2, the side insulating pad 3, and the front and rear insulating pad 9 are configured as a multi-layer stepped block structure, and the multi-layer stepped block structure is provided with countersunk holes and / or through holes; in this embodiment, the first fuel cell assembly, the first insulating pad assembly, and the surface of the housing base plate 1 are all sprayed (coated) with a hydrophobic insulating coating to increase the electrical creepage distance and the water flow channel distance, so that the water film channel formed on the surface of the fuel cell end plate and the insulating block is interrupted, the water flow channel is dispersed in a stepped manner, and a continuous water ion channel cannot be formed, thereby further improving electrical safety and reliability.

[0038] The condensate formed on the surface of the internal structural components of the housing is dispersed into spherical water droplets. In this embodiment, the surface of the insulating pad is not a single plane, but adopts the form of a "stepped block". That is, the insulating block that ensures the connection between the end plates of the fuel cell stack interrupts the water channel and does not form a continuous "ion water channel". The water droplets are discharged by vibration and purging, which can not only improve the moisture resistance of the fuel cell, but also improve the insulation performance of the fuel cell.

[0039] When water leaks or excessive humidity occurs inside the fuel cell casing, condensation can form on the surface of the internal insulation components. A structure consisting of fuel cell stack end plates, current collectors, insulating pads, insulating support strips, encapsulation components, and copper busbar fixing brackets with hydrophobic insulating coatings can improve moisture resistance and insulation performance. This structure can prevent the formation of "ion water channels" and can not only remove water from inside the casing through vibration and purging, thus improving moisture resistance, but also improve the insulation performance of the fuel cell stack and eliminate safety hazards.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, this embodiment provides a fuel cell based on an insulating structure, which also includes a second stack assembly and a second insulating pad assembly. The first stack assembly and the second insulating pad assembly are fixed and insulated from each other by the second insulating pad assembly. The second stack assembly also includes a cathode end plate 4, a cathode current collector 5, an anode end plate 6, an anode current collector 7, and a battery stack 8. The cathode end plate 4, cathode current collector 5, battery stack 8, anode current collector 7, and anode end plate 6 are connected in sequence. The second insulating pad assembly includes a side insulating pad 10 between the stacks, a first fixed insulating pad 11 for the current collector, a second fixed insulating pad 12 for the current collector, and front and rear insulating pads between the stacks 16.

[0042] The current collector and positive copper busbar 14 of the second fuel cell stack assembly are fixed to the negative terminal plate 4 of the first fuel cell stack assembly through the first fixing insulating pad 11 of the current collector; the current collector and inter-stack connecting copper busbar 15 of the first fuel cell stack assembly are fixed to the negative terminal plate 4 of the second fuel cell stack assembly through the second fixing insulating pad 12 of the current collector, thus completing the circuit series connection of the first fuel cell stack assembly and the second fuel cell stack assembly, and outputting power to the outside through the positive copper busbar 14 and the negative copper busbar 13.

[0043] 10 inter-stack side insulating pads Figure 7 As shown, one side of the insulating pad 16 is connected to the cathode end plate 4 and anode end plate 6 of the first fuel cell stack assembly, and the other side is connected to the cathode end plate 4 and anode end plate 6 on the same side of the second fuel cell stack assembly, restricting the vertical or lateral displacement of the first and second fuel cell stack assemblies. One side of the inter-stack front and rear insulating pad 16 is connected to the cathode end plate 4 and anode end plate 6 of the first fuel cell stack assembly, and the other side is connected to the cathode end plate 4 and anode end plate 6 on the same side of the second fuel cell stack assembly, restricting the front-to-back displacement of the first and second fuel cell stack assemblies.

[0044] First fixed insulating pad 11 of the current collector plate Figure 8 As shown, its purpose is to provide fixed support for the current collector plate of the second fuel cell stack assembly and the inter-stack connecting copper busbar 15, while achieving electrical isolation. By designing the first fixed insulating pad 11 of the current collector plate in layers and steps, unlike the single planar design, the electrical creepage distance can be increased. In high humidity and water mist environments, the water film and water ion channels on the surface of the structural components are in an intermittent state, which better improves the insulation function of the fuel cell stack.

[0045] Second fixed insulating pad 12 of the current collector plate Figure 9As shown, the two oval holes at the top are fixed to the anode end plate 6 and cathode end plate 4 of the second fuel cell stack assembly, respectively, to prevent the graphite plate of the second fuel cell stack assembly from collapsing. The third oval hole is used to fix the current collector plate and positive copper busbar 14 of the first fuel cell stack assembly, serving as a fixed support and electrical isolation. By using a copper busbar-wrapped design and adding grooves to the second fixing insulating pad 12 of the current collector plate, which differs from a single planar design, the electrical creepage distance can be increased. In a high-humidity water mist environment, the water film and water ion channels on the surface of the structural components are in an intermittent state, thus better improving the insulation function of the fuel cell stack.

[0046] When water leakage or excessive air humidity occurs inside the fuel cell casing, condensation will form on the surface of the internal insulating components. In this embodiment, a stack encapsulation end plate, current collector, insulating pad, insulating support strip, encapsulation components, copper busbar fixing bracket, etc. with hydrophobic insulating coating are used to form a structure that can improve moisture resistance and insulation performance. This can prevent the formation of "ion water channels". It can not only export water inside the casing through vibration and purging to improve moisture resistance, but also improve the insulation performance of the fuel cell stack and eliminate safety hazards.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be protected within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell based on an insulating structure, characterized in that, The system includes a first fuel cell stack assembly and a first insulating pad assembly. The first fuel cell stack assembly is mounted on the chassis base plate (1) and is fixed and insulated by the first insulating pad assembly. The first insulating pad assembly includes a lower insulating pad (2), a side insulating pad (3), and a front-rear insulating pad (9). One side of the lower insulating pad (2) is connected to the cathode end plate (4) and anode end plate (6) of the first fuel cell stack assembly, and the other side is connected to the chassis base plate (1), restricting the vertical displacement of the first fuel cell stack assembly. One side of the side insulating pad (3) is laterally connected to the cathode end plate (4) and anode end plate (6) of the first fuel cell stack assembly, and the other side is connected to the chassis base plate (1), restricting the lateral displacement of the first fuel cell stack assembly. One side of the front-rear insulating pad (9) is front-rear connected to the cathode end plate (4) and anode end plate (6) of the first fuel cell stack assembly, and the other side is connected to the chassis base plate (1), restricting the front-rear displacement of the first fuel cell stack assembly.

2. A fuel cell based on an insulating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower insulating pad (2), the side insulating pad (3) and the front and rear insulating pad (9) are configured as a multi-layer stepped block structure, and the multi-layer stepped block structure is provided with countersunk holes and / or through holes.

3. A fuel cell based on an insulating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second fuel cell assembly and a second insulating pad assembly, wherein the first fuel cell assembly and the second insulating pad assembly are fixed and insulated from each other by the second insulating pad assembly.

4. A fuel cell based on an insulating structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second insulating pad assembly includes a stack side insulating pad (10), one side of which is connected to the cathode end plate (4) and anode end plate (6) of the first fuel cell assembly, and the other side is connected to the cathode end plate (4) and anode end plate (6) on the same side of the second fuel cell assembly, thereby restricting the vertical or lateral displacement of the first fuel cell assembly and the second fuel cell assembly.

5. A fuel cell based on an insulating structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second insulating pad assembly includes a current collector first fixed insulating pad (11). The current collector and positive copper busbar (14) of the second fuel cell assembly are fixed to the negative end plate (4) of the first fuel cell assembly through the current collector first fixed insulating pad (11). The first fixed insulating pad (11) is configured as a multi-layer stepped block structure, and the multi-layer stepped block structure is provided with countersunk holes and / or through holes.

6. A fuel cell based on an insulating structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second insulating pad assembly includes a current collector second fixed insulating pad (12). The current collector of the first fuel cell assembly and the inter-fuel cell connecting copper busbar (15) are fixed to the cathode end plate (4) of the second fuel cell assembly through the current collector second fixed insulating pad (12). The second fixed insulating pad (12) is configured as a multi-layer stepped block structure, and the multi-layer stepped block structure is provided with countersunk holes and / or through holes.

7. A fuel cell based on an insulating structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second insulating pad assembly includes front and rear insulating pads (16) between the stacks. One side of the front and rear insulating pads (16) between the stacks is connected to the cathode end plate (4) and anode end plate (6) of the first fuel cell assembly, and the other side is connected to the cathode end plate (4) and anode end plate (6) on the same side of the second fuel cell assembly, thereby restricting the front and rear displacement of the first fuel cell assembly and the second fuel cell assembly.

8. A fuel cell based on an insulating structure according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The first battery stack assembly includes a cathode end plate (4), a cathode current collector (5), an anode end plate (6), an anode current collector (7), and a battery stack (8), wherein the cathode end plate (4), the cathode current collector (5), the battery stack (8), the anode current collector (7), and the anode end plate (6) are connected in sequence.

9. A fuel cell based on an insulating structure according to any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that, The second battery stack assembly includes a cathode end plate (4), a cathode current collector (5), an anode end plate (6), an anode current collector (7), and a battery stack (8), wherein the cathode end plate (4), cathode current collector (5), battery stack (8), anode current collector (7), and anode end plate (6) are connected in sequence.

10. A fuel cell based on an insulating structure according to any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that, The surfaces of the first fuel cell assembly, the second fuel cell assembly, the first insulating pad assembly, the second insulating pad assembly, and the housing base plate (1) are sprayed or coated with a hydrophobic insulating coating.

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