3D printer based on FDM technology

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of 3D printers, in particular to a 3D printer based on the FDM technology, which comprises a lower rack, an upper rack is fixed at the upper end of the lower rack, a printer mechanism is arranged on the lower rack and is used for printing parts, the printer mechanism comprises a lifting assembly, and the lifting assembly comprises shear type lifters arranged at the front end and the rear end of the interior of the lower rack; a printing hot bed is placed on the table top of the shear type elevator. The stripping assembly comprises a first synchronous belt linear module arranged in the middle of the interior of the lower rack, a push head is fixed to a sliding block of the first synchronous belt linear module, vertical frames are fixed to the left end and the right end of the middle of the top of the lower rack correspondingly, and a trapezoidal blade is fixed between the vertical frames at the two ends; the translation assembly comprises second synchronous belt linear modules arranged on the left side and the right side in the upper rack; through a double-station hot bed alternating and synchronous stripping mechanism, printing and model stripping are synchronously carried out, seamless connection continuous operation is achieved, and the printing efficiency and the automation degree are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of 3D printer technology, specifically a 3D printer based on FDM technology. Background Technology

[0002] 3D printing technology based on fused deposition modeling (FDM) has become an important branch of the rapid prototyping field due to its low cost, wide range of material selection, and ease of operation. However, with the increasing demands for automation and production efficiency in the manufacturing industry, traditional single-station 3D printers, which require manual removal of parts and platform cleaning after printing, are unable to meet the needs of continuous mass production.

[0003] According to CN219838192U, a 3D printer based on FDM technology is disclosed. This technology discloses a technical solution including "a printing table assembly, which includes a base, a movable stage installed on the top of the base, uprights fixedly connected to both sides of the printing table assembly, a top plate fixedly connected to the top of the two uprights, crossbar assemblies installed on the side walls of the two uprights, printing nozzles installed on the side walls of the crossbar assemblies through a displacement mechanism, a main crossbar, sliding sleeve assemblies fixedly connected to both ends of the main crossbar, two sliding sleeve assemblies respectively sleeved on the side walls of the two uprights, and rotating holes provided at both ends of the back of the main crossbar". It has the technical effect of "using two transmission gears to cooperate with the racks on the inner side of the two uprights, and using a servo motor to provide power to drive the transmission gears to rotate and control the crossbar assembly to move up and down, and using the transmission of the transmission rod assembly to make the two transmission gears rotate synchronously, so that both ends of the crossbar assembly have a driving displacement effect".

[0004] Existing FDM 3D printers require pausing operations after printing a single model, relying on manual model peeling and platform cleaning. This results in frequent interruptions to the printing process and long idle waiting times for the equipment, severely restricting printing efficiency and the continuity of automated production. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a 3D printer based on FDM technology. Through a dual-station hot bed alternating and synchronous peeling mechanism, printing and model peeling are carried out simultaneously, seamlessly connecting continuous operations and improving printing efficiency and automation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a 3D printer based on FDM technology, comprising a lower frame, an upper frame fixed to the upper end of the lower frame, and a printer mechanism mounted on the lower frame for printing parts. The printer mechanism includes:

[0007] The lifting assembly includes scissor lifts located at the front and rear ends inside the lower frame, with a printing heated bed placed on the platform of the scissor lifts;

[0008] The stripping assembly includes a first synchronous belt linear module located in the middle of the lower frame. A pusher is fixed on the slider of the first synchronous belt linear module. Frames are fixed at both the left and right ends of the top middle of the lower frame, and a trapezoidal blade is fixed between the two frames.

[0009] The translation component includes a second synchronous belt linear module disposed on the left and right sides inside the upper frame, and a slide block is fixed on the slider of the second synchronous belt linear module;

[0010] A clamping assembly is mounted on the slide and used to clamp and fix the printing heated bed;

[0011] The printing assembly, mounted on the upper frame, is used to shape the printed parts onto the printing heated bed.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes clamps fixed at the front and rear ends of the top of the slide block, a longitudinally arranged balance bar fixed inside the clamp, grippers slidably mounted at both ends of the balance bar, a rotating rod rotatably mounted in the middle of the clamp, connecting rods pivotally connected at both ends of the rotating rod, and the other end of the connecting rod pivotally connected to the gripper, and a servo motor mounted on the outer wall of the clamp for driving the rotating rod to rotate.

[0013] Preferably, the printing assembly includes a gantry fixed to the top of the upper frame, with sliding plates longitudinally mounted on both the left and right sides of the front end of the gantry, an optical axis fixed between the two sliding plates, a mounting seat slidably mounted on the optical axis, a printing nozzle mounted on the front end of the gantry, and an extruder mounted on the upper end of the gantry.

[0014] Preferably, the printing assembly further includes wheel seats fixed on the left and right sides of the upper end of the gantry, with a first pulley rotatably mounted on the front end of the wheel seat and a second pulley rotatably mounted on the front end of the slide plate. A first servo motor is mounted on the top left side of the upper frame, and the output end of the first servo motor is connected to the first and second pulleys on the left and right sides via a pulley and a first belt is installed between them.

[0015] Preferably, the printing assembly further includes a third pulley rotatably mounted on the front end of the wheel seat, a fourth pulley rotatably mounted on the front end of the slide plate, a third pulley mounted on the top right side of the upper frame, and a second belt installed between the output end of the third pulley and the third and fourth pulleys on the left and right sides via a pulley.

[0016] Preferably, the lifting assembly further includes a slot in the middle of the scissor lift platform, and two grooves are provided at both the left and right ends of the scissor lift platform.

[0017] Beneficial effects

[0018] This invention provides a 3D printer based on FDM technology. Compared with existing technologies, it has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. Through the cooperation of the double scissor lift, translation component, and clamping component, the printing heated bed is quickly exchanged and precisely positioned between the printing station and the peeling station. The combination of the pusher driven by the first synchronous belt linear module in the peeling component and the trapezoidal blade fixed between the uprights can automatically complete the peeling and collection of the formed model during the lateral movement of the printing heated bed, realizing the synchronization of the printing and peeling processes and greatly reducing the idle time of the equipment. The entire process operates in a closed loop without manual intervention, which not only significantly improves printing efficiency and equipment utilization, but also ensures the continuity and stability of the production process.

[0020] 2. The clamping assembly adopts a transmission scheme combining symmetrical connecting rods and balance bars. The rotating rod is driven by a servo motor to rotate, synchronously controlling the upper and lower grippers to move in opposite directions. This achieves flexible and stable clamping of the printing heated bed, preventing the heated bed from shifting or slipping during high-speed movement. The printing assembly adopts a remote extrusion method, fixing the extruder to the upper end of the gantry and conveying the material to the lightweight print head through the Bowden tube. This significantly reduces the mass of the print head movement and improves the speed and accuracy of the movement. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting assembly and the peeling assembly in this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting component in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the peeling component in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the translation component and clamping component in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the clamping component in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the printing component in this utility model.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Lower frame; 2. Upper frame; 3. Printer mechanism; 31. Lifting assembly; 311. Scissor lift; 312. Empty slot; 313. Groove; 32. Peeling assembly; 321. First synchronous belt linear module; 322. Push head; 323. Stand; 324. Trapezoidal blade; 33. Translation assembly; 331. Second synchronous belt linear module; 332. Slide; 34. Clamping assembly; 341. Clamping seat; 342. Balance bar; 343. Gripper; 344. Rotating rod; 345. Connecting rod; 346. Servo motor; 35. Printing assembly; 351. Gantry frame; 352. Slide plate; 353. Optical shaft; 354. Mounting base; 355. Printing nozzle; 356. Extruder; 357. Wheel seat; 358. First pulley; 359. Second pulley; 3510. First servo motor; 3511. Third pulley; 3512. Fourth pulley; 3513. Second servo motor; 3514. First belt; 3515. Second belt; 36. Printing heated bed. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 7 This utility model provides a technical solution: a 3D printer based on FDM technology, including a lower frame 1, an upper frame 2 fixed to the upper end of the lower frame 1, and a printer mechanism 3 disposed on the lower frame 1 for printing parts. The printer mechanism 3 includes:

[0031] The lifting assembly 31 includes a scissor lift 311 located at the front and rear ends inside the lower frame 1, and a printing heated bed 36 is placed on the platform of the scissor lift 311.

[0032] The stripping assembly 32 includes a first synchronous belt linear module 321 disposed in the middle of the lower frame 1. A pusher 322 is fixed on the slider of the first synchronous belt linear module 321. A stand 323 is fixed at both the left and right ends of the top middle of the lower frame 1. A trapezoidal blade 324 is fixed between the two stand 323s.

[0033] The translation component 33 includes a second synchronous belt linear module 331 disposed on the left and right sides inside the upper frame 2, and a slide block 332 is fixed on the slider of the second synchronous belt linear module 331.

[0034] The clamping assembly 34 is disposed on the slide 332 and is used to clamp and fix the printing heated bed 36.

[0035] The printing assembly 35 is mounted on the upper frame 2 and is used to form the printed parts on the printing heated bed 36.

[0036] In this embodiment, the printing heated bed 36 is clamped and fixed by the clamping component 34. The translation component 33 drives the clamping component 34 to move the printing heated bed 36 directly below the printing nozzle 355. The printing component 35 then begins to precisely form the printed part onto the printing heated bed 36. Simultaneously, the first synchronous belt linear module 321 drives the pusher 322 to push another completed printing heated bed 36 located on the front scissor lift 311 to move backward to the rear scissor lift 311. During this movement, the cooled formed part on the printing heated bed 36 is scraped and peeled off by the trapezoidal blade 324 as it passes over the printing heated bed 36 and falls into the designated collection area below, realizing the synchronous operation of printing and peeling. When the part on the current printing heated bed 36 is finished printing... After completion, the front scissor lift 311 rises to receive the printed hot bed 36, and the translation component 33 controls the clamping component 34 to place the printed hot bed 36 onto the front scissor lift 311. Then, the front scissor lift 311 lowers the hot bed to its original position, preparing for the next peeling operation. At the same time, the rear scissor lift 311 raises the empty printed hot bed 36 with the model peeled off, and the translation component 33 immediately controls the clamping component 34 to clamp the hot bed and move it directly under the print head 355, seamlessly connecting to start the next printing job. This realizes the parallel operation and cyclical alternation of printing, peeling, and hot bed exchange, greatly reducing the equipment's idle waiting time, significantly improving printing efficiency and automation, and ensuring the continuity and stability of production.

[0037] Specifically, the clamping assembly 34 includes a clamping seat 341 fixed at the front and rear ends of the top of the slide 332. A longitudinally arranged balance bar 342 is fixed inside the clamping seat 341. Claws 343 are slidably installed at both ends of the balance bar 342. A rotating rod 344 is rotatably installed in the middle of the clamping seat 341. Both ends of the rotating rod 344 are pivotally connected to connecting rods 345, and the other end of the connecting rod 345 is pivotally connected to the claws 343. A servo motor 346 is installed on the outer wall of the clamping seat 341 and is used to drive the rotating rod 344 to rotate.

[0038] In this embodiment, the servo motor 346 drives the rotating rod 344 to rotate. The connecting rod 345 pivotally connected to both ends of the rotating rod 344 converts the rotational motion into linear motion, and simultaneously pushes the upper and lower grippers 343 to slide towards or away from each other along the balance bar 342 fixed inside the clamping seat 341, thereby clamping or releasing the edge of the printing heated bed 36, and realizing fast, reliable and non-destructive gripping and placement of the printing heated bed 36.

[0039] Specifically, the printing assembly 35 includes a gantry 351 fixed to the top of the upper frame 2. Slide plates 352 are longitudinally slidably installed on both the left and right sides of the front end of the gantry 351. An optical axis 353 is fixed between the two slide plates 352. A mounting base 354 is slidably installed on the optical axis 353. A print head 355 is installed at the front end of the gantry 351. An extruder 356 is installed at the upper end of the gantry 351.

[0040] In this embodiment, the extruder 356 serves as a power source, driving gears via its internal stepper motor to engage printing material (such as PLA or ABS filaments), precisely and continuously pushing it out as a solid filament. The extruded solid filament is then remotely transported to the high-temperature print head 355 through a Bowden tube wrapped in a flexible tube (such as a PTFE tube). The core of the print head 355 consists of a heating block and a thermistor. The heating block rapidly heats the filament above its melting point, melting it into a viscous flow state. Subsequently, under the continuous pushing pressure provided by the extruder 356, the molten material is extruded from the precision nozzle at the end of the print head 355 and deposited on the printing heated bed 36 directly below. The extruder 356 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the gantry 351 rather than directly integrated into the print head assembly. This remote extrusion method reduces the moving mass and inertia of the print head 355, enabling the print head to achieve higher speed and more agile movement, while reducing vibration and improving printing speed and outer contour accuracy.

[0041] Specifically, the printing assembly 35 also includes wheel seats 357 fixed on the left and right sides of the upper end of the gantry 351. A first pulley 358 is rotatably mounted on the front end of the wheel seat 357, and a second pulley 359 is rotatably mounted on the front end of the slide plate 352. A first servo motor 3510 is mounted on the top left side of the upper frame 2. The output end of the first servo motor 3510 is connected to the first pulley 358 and the second pulley 359 on the left and right sides via a pulley and a first belt 3514 is installed between them.

[0042] In this embodiment, the output end of the first servo motor 3510 drives the active pulley to rotate, and with the cooperation of the first pulley 358 and the second pulley 359, it pulls the first belt 3514 to move. The first belt 3514 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 354, thereby directly converting the linear motion of the synchronous belt into the horizontal movement of the mounting base 354 along the optical axis 353, realizing the precise movement of the print head 355 fixed on the mounting base 354.

[0043] Specifically, the printing assembly 35 also includes a third pulley 3511 rotatably mounted on the front end of the wheel seat 357, a fourth pulley 3512 rotatably mounted on the front end of the slide plate 352, a third pulley 3511 mounted on the top right side of the upper frame 2, and a second belt 3515 mounted between the output end of the third pulley 3511 and the third pulley 3511 and the fourth pulley 3512 on the left and right sides via a pulley.

[0044] In this embodiment, after the second servo motor 3513 is started, its output end drives the active pulley to rotate, and cooperates with the third pulley 3511 and the fourth pulley 3512 to control the movement of the second belt 3515. The second belt 3515 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 354. The mounting base 354 drives the slide plates 352 on both sides to rise and fall synchronously and vertically along the guide rail of the gantry 351 through the optical axis 353, so as to realize the precise height adjustment of the printing nozzle 355 fixed on the mounting base 354.

[0045] Specifically, the lifting assembly 31 also includes a slot 312 in the middle of the platform of the scissor lift 311, and two grooves 313 are provided at both the left and right ends of the platform of the scissor lift 311.

[0046] In this embodiment, the slot 312 provides an unobstructed vertical movement channel for the pusher head 322. When the pusher head 322 is driven upward by the first synchronous belt linear module 321 to perform the peeling action, the slot 312 ensures that the pusher head 322 can completely pass through the table without any mechanical interference or collision, thereby ensuring the smoothness and integrity of the peeling action. The groove 313 provides precise clearance space for the gripper 343 during the lifting and lowering of the scissor lift 311 and the exchange of heated beds. When the gripper 343 performs the opening or closing action, the groove 313 effectively avoids structural conflict between the gripper 343 and the table, ensuring the reliability of the clamping operation and the accuracy of the heated bed positioning.

[0047] The working principle and usage process of this utility model are as follows: First, the printing heated bed 36 is clamped and fixed by the clamping component 34. The translation component 33 drives the clamping component 34 to move the printing heated bed 36 directly below the printing nozzle 355. The printing component 35 then begins to precisely form the printed part on the printing heated bed 36. Simultaneously, the first synchronous belt linear module 321 drives the pusher 322 to push another completed printing heated bed 36 located on the front scissor lift 311 to move backward to the rear scissor lift 311. During this movement, the cooled formed part on the printing heated bed 36 is scraped and peeled off from the printing heated bed 36 by the trapezoidal blade 324 as it passes, and falls into the designated collection area below. The simultaneous printing and stripping are achieved. After the part on the current printing heated bed 36 is printed, the front scissor lift 311 rises to receive it. The translation component 33 then controls the clamping component 34 to place the printed heated bed 36 onto the front scissor lift 311. Subsequently, the front scissor lift 311 lowers the heated bed to reset, preparing for the next stripping operation. At the same time, the rear scissor lift 311 raises the empty printing heated bed 36 on which the model has been stripped. The translation component 33 immediately controls the clamping component 34 to clamp the heated bed and move it directly under the print head 355, seamlessly connecting to start the next printing job. This realizes the parallel operation and cyclical alternation of printing, stripping, and heated bed exchange.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0049] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A 3D printer based on FDM technology, comprising a lower frame (1), wherein an upper frame (2) is fixed to the upper end of the lower frame (1), characterized in that: The lower frame (1) is provided with a printer mechanism (3) for printing parts. The printer mechanism (3) includes: The lifting assembly (31) includes a scissor lift (311) located at the front and rear ends inside the lower frame (1), and a printing heated bed (36) is placed on the table of the scissor lift (311). The stripping assembly (32) includes a first synchronous belt linear module (321) located in the middle of the lower frame (1), a pusher (322) fixed on the slider of the first synchronous belt linear module (321), and uprights (323) fixed at both the left and right ends of the top middle of the lower frame (1), with trapezoidal blades (324) fixed between the uprights (323). The translation component (33) includes a second synchronous belt linear module (331) disposed on the left and right sides inside the upper frame (2), and a slide block (332) is fixed on the slider of the second synchronous belt linear module (331). A clamping assembly (34) is disposed on a slide (332) and is used to clamp and fix the printing heated bed (36); The printing assembly (35) is mounted on the upper frame (2) and is used to form the printed parts on the printing heated bed (36).

2. A 3D printer based on FDM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (34) includes a clamp (341) fixed at the front and rear ends of the top of the slide (332). A longitudinally arranged balance bar (342) is fixed inside the clamp (341). Claws (343) are slidably installed at both ends of the balance bar (342). A rotating rod (344) is rotatably installed in the middle of the clamp (341). Both ends of the rotating rod (344) are pivotally connected to connecting rods (345), and the other end of the connecting rod (345) is pivotally connected to the claws (343). A servo motor (346) is installed on the outer wall of the clamp (341) and is used to drive the rotating rod (344) to rotate.

3. A 3D printer based on FDM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printing assembly (35) includes a gantry (351) fixed to the top of the upper frame (2). Slide plates (352) are longitudinally slidably installed on both the left and right sides of the front end of the gantry (351). An optical axis (353) is fixed between the two slide plates (352). A mounting seat (354) is slidably installed on the optical axis (353). A printing nozzle (355) is installed at the front end of the gantry (351). An extruder (356) is installed at the upper end of the gantry (351).

4. A 3D printer based on FDM technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The printing assembly (35) also includes wheel seats (357) fixed on the left and right sides of the upper end of the gantry (351). A first pulley (358) is rotatably mounted on the front end of the wheel seat (357), and a second pulley (359) is rotatably mounted on the front end of the slide plate (352). A first servo motor (3510) is mounted on the top left side of the upper frame (2). The output end of the first servo motor (3510) is connected to the first pulley (358) and the second pulley (359) on the left and right sides via a pulley and a first belt (3514) is installed between them.

5. A 3D printer based on FDM technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The printing assembly (35) also includes a third pulley (3511) rotatably mounted on the front end of the wheel seat (357), a fourth pulley (3512) rotatably mounted on the front end of the slide plate (352), a third pulley (3511) mounted on the top right side of the upper frame (2), and a second belt (3515) connected between the output end of the third pulley (3511) and the third pulley (3511) and the fourth pulley (3512) on the left and right sides.

6. A 3D printer based on FDM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (31) also includes a slot (312) in the middle of the scissor lift (311) platform, and two grooves (313) are provided at both the left and right ends of the scissor lift (311) platform.

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