Testing device for simulating soil erosion of loess slope

Abstract

The utility model relates to a test device for simulating soil erosion of a loess slope, and effectively solves the problems that the existing soil erosion simulation device is limited in adjustment range and is inconvenient to be closer to the real situation, so that the simulation test result is greatly deviated from the real situation. According to the test device for simulating soil erosion on the loess slope surface, a plurality of test areas which do not influence each other can be arranged in the test box, multiple groups of erosion tests can be performed simultaneously, slope surfaces with different angles can be simulated through the electric push rod, and the refrigeration module can freeze soil and water in the test box, so that the test efficiency is improved. The water seepage unit, the irradiation assembly, the spraying mechanism and the simulated blowing mechanism can simulate factors such as slow seepage, illumination, raining and blowing of underground water in real conditions respectively, so that soil erosion conditions under different freezing depth states and different thawing depth states can be simulated; therefore, all the units can be controlled to adjust influence factors in the corresponding test areas, and the adjustability of the device is higher.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to soil erosion simulation device technical field, concretely relates to a simulation loess slope soil erosion test device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Soil erosion is the process that soil or other ground composition material is eroded, destroyed, separated, transported and deposited under the action of external force, and soil erosion can be divided into hydraulic erosion, gravity erosion, freeze-thaw erosion and wind erosion according to the type of external force; Soil erosion leads to serious land degradation; Accumulate rivers, lakes and reservoirs, aggravate flood disasters; Weaken the regulation function of ecological system, aggravate drought loss and non-point source pollution, and pose a serious threat to ecological safety and drinking water safety. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out soil erosion prevention research.

[0003] The existing soil erosion simulation device for loess slope can only carry out a group of experiments at a time, and needs to simulate various conditions encountered by loess slope in reality through various external devices, such as rain, underground seepage, wind, light and freezing, and the comprehensive influence of various factors on soil erosion is also different, so it is necessary to adjust different parameters of various influencing factors to test the erosion condition of soil, the range of the existing simulation test device is limited, it is inconvenient to be closer to the real situation, the simulation test result is greatly deviated from the real situation, and the accuracy of the test result is affected. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of prior art, the utility model provides a simulation loess slope soil erosion test device, the simulation loess slope soil erosion test device can set multiple test areas that do not affect each other in the test box, can simulate multiple different erosion tests at the same time, the electric push rod can simulate different angle slopes, the refrigeration module can freeze the soil and water in the test box, so as to simulate the erosion condition of soil under different freezing depth conditions and different thawing depth conditions, and multiple independently adjustable structures can make the simulation test device more close to the real situation, so as to improve the accuracy of simulation detection result.

[0005] The utility model provides a kind of simulated loess slope soil erosion test device, including base and be equipped with simulated loess test box, one end of the test box is hinged on the one side of base upper surface by hinge, and the side of base upper surface away from the hinged part of test box is hinged with electric push rod, and the movable end of electric push rod is rotationally connected with test box, the side of test box is provided with refrigeration module, which can refrigerate its inside, the bottom of the side of test box away from hinged part is provided with water seepage unit, and the top is provided with lifting structure, the top of lifting structure is provided with irradiation assembly, which can simulate irradiation in test box, the top of lifting structure is also provided with spray mechanism, which can simulate rainfall, and spray mechanism is arranged above test box, and the top of the side of lifting structure is also provided with simulated blowing mechanism, which can change blowing angle, and simulated blowing mechanism can correspond with the inside of test box.

[0006] Preferably, the inside of the test box is fixedly connected with a partition plate at equal distances, thereby separating the inside of the test box into multiple identical test areas without interference, and the inner bottom wall of the test box is provided with water seepage holes for water seepage, and the lower surface of the base is slidingly connected with a collection box for collecting soil samples, and the inside of the collection box is provided with collection grooves corresponding to each test area in the test box.

[0007] Preferably, the water seepage unit comprises a shunt pipe and water seepage heads, the number of the water seepage heads is several, and the several water seepage heads are fixedly installed at the bottom of the side of the test box and correspond to the interiors of the three test areas respectively, and the several water seepage heads are in communication with the shunt ends of the shunt pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the lifting structure comprises a fixed sleeve ring and a lifting frame, the fixed sleeve ring is fixedly connected to the top of the side of the test box close to the water seepage unit, and the lifting frame is inserted into the inside of the fixed sleeve ring, the side surface of the fixed sleeve ring is threadedly provided with a fixed bolt, and the end of the fixed bolt penetrating through the side surface of the fixed sleeve ring is threadedly provided in the side surface of the lifting frame.

[0009] Preferably, the irradiation assembly comprises a support plate and irradiation lamps, the support plate is fixedly connected to the top of the side of the lifting frame close to the test box, the irradiation lamps are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the support plate and the number thereof is several, the several irradiation lamps are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the support plate at equal distances and correspond to the inside of the test box.

[0010] Preferably, the spray mechanism comprises a shunt spray pipe, spray heads and electromagnetic valves, the shunt spray pipe is penetrated into the top of the lifting frame and is shunted into three pipelines, each pipeline corresponds to one test area in the test box, the number of the spray heads is several, and the several spray heads are averagely divided into three groups, the three groups of spray heads are in communication with the lower surfaces of the three shunt pipelines at equal distances respectively, and each spray head is provided with an electromagnetic valve at the communication position with the shunt spray pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the simulated blowing mechanism comprises an electric telescopic rod, a support and a blowing fan, a fixed rod body part of the electric telescopic rod is hinged at the top of the lifting frame and a movable rod body part is rotationally connected at the top of the back of the blowing fan, the support is arranged below the electric telescopic rod and one end thereof is fixedly connected to the side of the lifting frame, the bottom of the back of the blowing fan is rotationally connected to the end of the support away from the lifting frame, and the number of the simulated blowing mechanisms is three and the three simulated blowing mechanisms correspond to the three test areas in the test box respectively.

[0012] The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that:

[0013] The simulated loess slope soil erosion test device can set multiple test areas in the test box which do not affect each other, can simultaneously set different influence factors in different areas of the simulated loess slope, can simultaneously simulate multiple different erosion tests, the electric telescopic rod can adjust the inclination angle of the test box to simulate slopes with different angles, the refrigeration module can freeze the soil and water in the test box to simulate the erosion of the soil under different freezing depths and different thawing depths, the setting of the water infiltration unit, the irradiation assembly, the spraying mechanism and the simulated blowing mechanism can simulate the slow infiltration of underground water, light, rain and blowing in real situations respectively, the opening and closing of each unit can be controlled to adjust the influence factors in the corresponding test area, the adjustability of the device is stronger, the erosion of the soil under different influence factors can be known by detecting the soil samples infiltrated from the bottom of the test box, multiple independently adjustable structures can make the simulated test device more close to the real situation, the accuracy of the simulation test results can be improved, and the device has better reference significance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Fig. 1 It is a whole structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0015] Fig. 2 It is a base and test box structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0016] Fig. 3 It is an irradiation assembly, spraying mechanism and simulated blowing mechanism schematic view of the utility model;

[0017] Fig. 4 It is an irradiation assembly and spraying mechanism split state schematic view of the utility model;

[0018] Fig. 5 It is a test box overhead state schematic view of the utility model;

[0019] Fig. 6This is a schematic diagram of the back of the simulated blower mechanism of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Test chamber; 3. Electric push rod; 4. Refrigeration module; 5. Partition plate; 6. Water seepage hole; 7. Collection box; 8. Diversion pipe; 9. Water seepage head; 10. Fixing collar; 11. Lifting frame; 12. Support plate; 13. Irradiation lamp; 14. Diversion spray pipe; 15. Spray head; 16. Solenoid valve; 17. Electric telescopic rod; 18. Support column; 19. Blowing fan. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of this utility model are described in conjunction with the appendix below. Figs. 1-6 The embodiments are described in detail below.

[0022] This embodiment provides a test device for simulating soil erosion on loess slopes, as shown in the attached diagram. Figs. 1-6 As shown, it includes a base 1 and a test chamber 2 containing simulated loess. One end of the test chamber 2 is hinged to one side of the upper surface of the base 1. The interior of the test chamber 2 is fixedly connected with partitions 5 at equal intervals, thereby dividing the interior of the test chamber 2 into multiple identical test areas that do not interfere with each other. Simulated loess slope soil layers can be filled in multiple test areas, thereby setting up multiple test areas that can be simulated at the same time, and the test conditions in each area can also be adjusted independently, which is convenient for conducting multiple tests on soil erosion under different influencing factors at the same time.

[0023] The bottom wall of the test chamber 2 is provided with a seepage hole 6 for water seepage. The lower surface of the base 1 is slidably connected to a collection box 7 for collecting soil samples. The inside of the collection box 7 is provided with a collection trough corresponding to each test area in the test chamber 2. When the soil in the test chamber 2 is eroded by various factors such as rainwater, groundwater seepage, sunlight, and freezing, some soil samples will flow from the seepage hole 6 at the bottom of the test chamber 2 into the collection trough corresponding to the collection box 7 below. Thus, by testing the soil samples, the erosion status of the soil in the corresponding simulated test area can be known.

[0024] An electric push rod 3 is hinged to the side of the upper surface of the base 1 away from the hinge part with the test chamber 2, and the movable end of the electric push rod 3 is rotatably connected to the test chamber 2. Electric push rods 3 are provided on both sides of the test chamber 2. The two electric push rods 3 move synchronously and can lift the test chamber 2 to an inclined state, thereby adjusting the angle of the simulated soil layer of the test chamber 2 to simulate soil layers with different slopes, thereby changing the flow and infiltration state of the water body.

[0025] In reality, the erosion of the soil in different frozen depths and different thawing depths is different in cold weather. In order to more truly simulate the influence of different freezing and thawing states on the soil, a refrigeration module 4 capable of refrigerating the inside of the test box 2 is arranged on the side of the test box 2. The refrigeration module 4 is a refrigeration device structure, which can refrigerate the inside of the test box 2 when in operation, so as to freeze the simulated soil layer and the water in the soil layer, and also adjust the freezing temperature and the influence of different freezing times on the soil. At the same time, the influence of the thawing of the simulated soil layer corresponding to different freezing temperatures and freezing times on the soil can be monitored, so as to more fully simulate the erosion of the loess slope soil in cold weather in reality.

[0026] In reality, there is underground seepage water in deep soil, which slowly penetrates in deep soil and erodes the soil for a long time. In order to simulate the underground seepage water, a seepage unit is arranged at the bottom of the side of the test box 2 away from the hinged part. The seepage unit includes a shunt pipe 8 and a seepage head 9. The seepage head 9 is a plurality of seepage heads 9, and the plurality of seepage heads 9 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the side of the test box 2 and correspond to the inside of the three test areas respectively. The plurality of seepage heads 9 are in communication with the shunt ends of the shunt pipe 8. The shunt pipe openings of the shunt pipe 8 can be divided into three groups. An electromagnetic valve is arranged between every two groups of shunt pipe openings. The water inlet end of the shunt pipe 8 corresponds to one group of shunt pipe openings in the middle. The three groups of shunt pipe openings are in communication. The seepage heads 9 corresponding to the three groups of shunt pipe openings are respectively corresponding to the three different test areas in the test box 2. Thus, the corresponding seepage unit can be controlled to flow through by the electromagnetic valve, and the bottom of the simulated soil layer in different test areas can be seeped with water, so as to simulate the underground seepage water.

[0027] A lifting structure is arranged at the top of the side of the test box 2 away from the hinged part. The lifting structure includes a fixed sleeve ring 10 and a lifting frame 11. The fixed sleeve ring 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the side of the test box 2 close to the seepage unit, and the lifting frame 11 is inserted into the inside of the fixed sleeve ring 10. Threaded holes are formed in the side of the lifting frame 11, and the number of the threaded holes is a plurality of threaded holes. The plurality of threaded holes are vertically and equidistantly formed in the side of the lifting frame 11. Fixed bolts are threadedly arranged on the side of the fixed sleeve ring 10, and one end of the fixed bolt penetrating through the side of the fixed sleeve ring 10 is threadedly arranged in the corresponding threaded hole in the side of the lifting frame 11. The height of the lifting frame 11 can be fixed, and the fixed bolt corresponding to the threaded holes of different heights can adjust the lifting frame 11 to different heights. The height of each structure on the top of the lifting frame 11 can be adjusted, so as to adjust the distance between the structure on the top of the lifting frame 11 and the simulated soil layer in the test box 2, and adjust the overall state of the spraying mechanism and the simulated blowing mechanism, thereby increasing the adjustability of the device.

[0028] In the real environment, the surface soil of the loess slope will be directly irradiated by sunlight in sunny weather. As an external influencing factor, light is also an important factor in simulation tests. Therefore, an irradiation assembly for simulating irradiation in the test box 2 is arranged at the top of the lifting structure. The irradiation assembly includes a support plate 12 and irradiation lamps 13. The support plate 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting frame 11 near the test box 2. The irradiation lamps 13 are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the support plate 12 and the number is several. The several irradiation lamps 13 are evenly fixedly installed on the lower surface of the support plate 12 and correspond to the inside of the test box 2. The irradiation lamps 13 adopt daylight lamps that can simulate sunlight. The simulated soil in the test box 2 can be irradiated by the irradiation lamps 13. The effect of long-term light irradiation of the soil in the real situation after raining or in a dry state is simulated. Therefore, the test device can be used indoors and the accuracy of the simulation test results can be ensured.

[0029] In order to simulate the erosion of rainfall on the loess slope soil, a spraying mechanism for simulating rainfall is arranged at the top of the lifting structure and above the test box 2. The spraying mechanism includes a shunt spraying pipe 14, a spraying head 15 and an electromagnetic valve 16. The shunt pipe 8 and the water inlet end of the shunt spraying pipe 14 are communicated with the external waterway through the pipeline. Water can be injected into the inside of the shunt pipe 8 and the shunt spraying pipe 14 through the external waterway. The shunt spraying pipe 14 is arranged at the top of the lifting frame 11 and is divided into three pipes. Each pipe corresponds to a test area in each test box 2. The number of the spraying heads 15 is several and the several spraying heads 15 are evenly divided into three groups. The three groups of spraying heads 15 are equally communicated with the lower surfaces of the three shunt pipes. Each group of spraying heads 15 corresponds to a test area. The spraying heads 15 in each group are opened at the same time to fully spray the soil in the corresponding test area.

[0030] The electromagnetic valve 16 is installed at the communication position of each spraying head 15 and the shunt spraying pipe 14 for separately controlling the on-off of each spraying head 15. Through the arrangement of the spraying mechanism, the rainfall in the real situation can be simulated. The simulated soil layer in the test box 2 can be rained. The water quantity and the spraying time of the spraying head 15 can be adjusted to simulate different rainfall quantity and rainfall time. Therefore, the erosion of rainfall on the soil can be accurately simulated.

[0031] The top of the side of the lifting structure is further provided with a simulated blowing mechanism capable of changing blowing angle and corresponding to the inside of the test box 2, the simulated blowing mechanism comprises an electric telescopic rod 17, a support column 18 and a blowing fan 19, the fixed rod body part of the electric telescopic rod 17 is hinged at the top of the lifting frame 11 and the movable rod body part is rotationally connected at the top of the back of the blowing fan 19, the support column 18 is arranged below the electric telescopic rod 17 and one end thereof is fixedly connected to the side of the lifting frame 11, the bottom of the back of the blowing fan 19 is rotationally connected to one end of the support column 18 away from the lifting frame 11, the number of the simulated blowing mechanisms is three and the three simulated blowing mechanisms correspond to the three test areas in the test box 2 respectively.

[0032] When the movable end of the electric telescopic rod 17 is in the retracted state, the blowing fan 19 is in the vertical state and can blow horizontal wind, when the movable end of the electric telescopic rod 17 is pushed outwards, the blowing fan 19 is adjusted to the inclined state with the outlet facing obliquely downwards, and in cooperation with the spraying mechanism, the sprayed water body can be obliquely dropped, thereby more realistically simulating the situation of raining with wind, enhancing the overall simulation reality of the device and making the test result more accurate.

[0033] The electric push rod 3, the refrigeration module 4, the irradiation lamp 13, the electromagnetic valve 16, the electric telescopic rod 17 and the blowing fan 19 are all in communication with the external control unit through wires and electrically connected with the external circuit.

[0034] The above is only for the purpose of illustrating the present application, it should be understood that the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, various modifications in accordance with the idea of the present application are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for simulating loess slope soil erosion test, comprising a base (1) and a test box (2) filled with simulated loess, characterized in that: One end of the test box (2) is hinged to one side of the upper surface of the base (1) through a hinge, the side of the upper surface of the base (1) away from the hinged part of the test box (2) is hinged with an electric push rod (3), and the movable end of the electric push rod (3) is rotatably connected with the test box (2), the side of the test box (2) is provided with a refrigeration module (4) which can refrigerate the inside of the test box (2), the bottom of the side of the test box (2) away from the hinged part is provided with a water infiltration unit, and the top of the test box (2) is provided with a lifting structure, the top of the lifting structure is provided with an irradiation assembly which can simulate irradiation in the test box (2), the top of the lifting structure is also provided with a spraying mechanism which can simulate rainfall and is arranged above the test box (2), and the top of the side of the lifting structure is also provided with a simulated blowing mechanism which can change the blowing angle and corresponds to the inside of the test box (2).

2. The device for simulating loess slope soil erosion test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inside of the test box (2) is fixedly connected with a partition plate (5) at equal intervals, so that the inside of the test box (2) is divided into a plurality of same test areas which do not interfere with each other, the inner bottom wall of the test box (2) is provided with a water infiltration hole (6) for water infiltration, and the lower surface of the base (1) is slidably connected with a collection box (7) for collecting soil samples, and the inside of the collection box (7) is provided with a collection groove corresponding to each test area in the test box (2).

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: The water infiltration unit comprises a shunt pipe (8) and a water infiltration head (9), the number of the water infiltration heads (9) is several, the several water infiltration heads (9) are fixedly installed on the bottom of the side of the test box (2) and correspond to the inside of the three test areas respectively, and the several water infiltration heads (9) are in communication with the shunt end of the shunt pipe (8).

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: The lifting structure comprises a fixed sleeve ring (10) and a lifting frame (11), the fixed sleeve ring (10) is fixedly connected to the top of the side of the test box (2) close to the water infiltration unit, and the lifting frame (11) is inserted into the inside of the fixed sleeve ring (10), and the side of the fixed sleeve ring (10) is threadedly provided with a fixed bolt, and one end of the fixed bolt penetrating through the side of the fixed sleeve ring (10) is threadedly provided in the side of the lifting frame (11).

5. The device for simulating loess slope soil erosion test according to claim 4, characterized in that: The irradiation assembly comprises a support plate (12) and an irradiation lamp (13), the support plate (12) is fixedly connected to the top of the side of the lifting frame (11) close to the test box (2), and the irradiation lamp (13) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the support plate (12) and has a plurality of numbers, the plurality of irradiation lamps (13) are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the support plate (12) at equal intervals and correspond to the inside of the test box (2).

6. The device according to claim 4, wherein: The spraying mechanism comprises a shunt spraying pipe (14), a spraying head (15) and a solenoid valve (16), the shunt spraying pipe (14) is arranged at the top of the lifting frame (11) and is shunted into three pipelines, each pipeline corresponds to a test area in a test box (2), the number of the spraying head (15) is several, and the several spraying heads (15) are evenly divided into three groups, the three groups of spraying heads (15) are equidistantly connected to the lower surfaces of the three shunt pipelines respectively, and the communication positions of each spraying head (15) and the shunt spraying pipe (14) are provided with the solenoid valve (16).

7. The device according to claim 4, wherein the device is characterized in that: The simulated blowing mechanism comprises an electric telescopic rod (17), a support column (18) and a blowing fan (19), the fixed rod body part of the electric telescopic rod (17) is hinged to the top of the lifting frame (11), and the movable rod body part is rotationally connected to the top of the back of the blowing fan (19), the support column (18) is arranged below the electric telescopic rod (17) and is fixedly connected to the side of the lifting frame (11) at one end, the bottom of the back of the blowing fan (19) is rotationally connected to the end of the support column (18) away from the lifting frame (11), and the number of the simulated blowing mechanism is three, and the three simulated blowing mechanisms correspond to the three test areas in the test box (2) respectively.

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