Battery monomer, battery device and electric equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and provides a single battery, a battery device and electric equipment.The single battery comprises a shell assembly and an electrode assembly, the shell assembly is provided with a containing cavity, a liquid injection opening communicated with the containing cavity is formed in the top of the shell assembly, and a drainage channel with the top side and the bottom side communicated is formed in the peripheral side wall of the shell assembly; the liquid injection port is used for injecting electrolyte; the electrode assembly is arranged in the containing cavity and located on the bottom side of the liquid injection opening, and the electrolyte from the liquid injection opening is guided to the bottom side of the electrode assembly through the drainage channel. The flow direction of the electrolyte is effectively guided through the drainage channel, so that the electrolyte enters the bottom side of the electrode assembly and directionally infiltrates the electrode assembly from bottom to top, gas in the middle of the electrode assembly can be discharged from the top of the electrode assembly, the liquid sealing phenomenon is prevented to a certain extent, and the infiltration effect is improved; the risk of problems such as black spots and / or metal precipitation in the middle of the electrode assembly in the circulation process is reduced, and the performance and the service life of the battery monomer are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell, battery device, and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Battery cells can be used to store or provide electrical energy. Battery cells can be used in electrical devices, such as vehicles or energy storage devices.

[0003] In related technologies, the production process of battery cells requires an electrolyte injection process, which involves injecting electrolyte into the battery cell. If the electrolyte fails to fully wet the electrode components during the injection process, resulting in poor wetting of the electrode components, black spots and / or metal precipitation may easily appear on the electrode components after the battery cell is cycled, affecting the service life of the battery cell. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of this application aim to provide a battery cell, battery device, and electrical equipment that improve the wetting effect of electrode components.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this application embodiment is implemented as follows:

[0006] This application provides a single battery cell, including:

[0007] The housing assembly has a receiving cavity, the top of the housing assembly forms an injection port communicating with the receiving cavity, and the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly forms a drainage channel that runs through the top and bottom sides, the injection port being used to inject electrolyte;

[0008] An electrode assembly is disposed within the receiving cavity, the electrode assembly being located on the bottom side of the injection port, and the drainage channel guiding the electrolyte from the injection port to the bottom side of the electrode assembly.

[0009] The battery cell provided in this application embodiment guides the electrolyte from the injection port to the bottom side of the electrode assembly via a flow channel. During electrolyte injection, the electrolyte injected from the injection port enters the flow channel through the top opening. The flow channel constrains the electrolyte to flow towards the bottom and enters the bottom side of the electrode assembly through the bottom opening. Under capillary action, the electrolyte climbs from the bottom to the top of the electrode assembly and wets it. In this way, the electrolyte can achieve directional wetting of the electrode assembly from bottom to top. By effectively guiding the flow of the electrolyte through the flow channel, the electrolyte enters the bottom side of the electrode assembly and directionally wets it from bottom to top. This facilitates the discharge of gas from the middle of the electrode assembly to the top, to a certain extent preventing liquid sealing, improving the wetting effect, reducing the risk of black spots and / or metal precipitation in the middle of the electrode assembly during cycling, and improving the performance and service life of the battery cell.

[0010] In some embodiments, the battery cell includes a drainage structure disposed within the receiving cavity, the drainage structure being located between the electrolyte inlet and the electrode assembly, the drainage structure being used to receive electrolyte from the electrolyte inlet and guide it to the drainage channel.

[0011] In this embodiment, the guiding structure is located between the injection port and the electrode assembly. The guiding structure directs the electrolyte injected from the injection port to the guiding channel. During the injection process, the electrolyte enters the guiding channel through the injection port under the guidance of the guiding structure. The electrolyte flows downwards within the guiding channel and exits through the bottom opening of the channel to the bottom of the electrode assembly. Under capillary action, the electrolyte climbs from the bottom to the top of the electrode assembly and wets it. This allows the electrolyte to directionally wet the electrode assembly from bottom to top. The guiding structure and channel effectively guide the flow of the electrolyte, reducing the probability of the electrolyte at the injection port directly contacting the top of the electrode assembly. This directional wettation of the electrode assembly facilitates the discharge of gas from the center of the electrode assembly from the top, to some extent preventing liquid sealing, improving the wetting effect, reducing the risk of black spots and / or metal deposition in the center of the electrode assembly during cycling, and improving the performance and lifespan of the battery cells.

[0012] In some embodiments, the drainage structure forms a flow channel that opens to the top, and the peripheral edge of the drainage structure forms a liquid outlet that communicates with the flow channel. With a plane perpendicular to the top and bottom directions as the projection plane, the projection of the liquid inlet is located within the projection range of the flow channel.

[0013] In this embodiment, a guide groove can be formed on the top surface of the drainage structure. The guide groove transports the electrolyte to the peripheral edge of the drainage structure. The guide groove can restrict the flow direction of the electrolyte and direct the electrolyte to the outlet so that the electrolyte can enter the drainage channel more concentratedly.

[0014] In some embodiments, a plane perpendicular to the top and bottom directions is used as the projection plane, and the projection edge line of the electrode assembly does not exceed the projection edge line of the drainage structure.

[0015] In this embodiment, the projected edge line of the electrode assembly does not exceed the projected edge line of the drainage structure. The drainage structure can more comprehensively shield the electrode assembly, reducing the probability that the top of the electrode assembly directly contacts the electrolyte from the injection port.

[0016] In some embodiments, a plane perpendicular to the top and bottom direction is used as the projection plane, and the distance between the projection edge line of the electrode assembly and the projection edge line of the drainage structure is D1, where 0mm≤D1≤1mm.

[0017] In this embodiment, within the projection plane perpendicular to the top and bottom directions, D1 is between 0 mm and 1 mm. The distance between the projection edge line of the electrode assembly and the projection edge line of the drainage structure is small. The drainage structure can minimize the space occupied while taking into account the drainage requirements.

[0018] In some embodiments, the battery cell includes at least two of the electrode assemblies, with a plane perpendicular to the top and bottom directions as the projection surface, and the projections of all the electrode assemblies are located within the projection edge line of the drainage structure.

[0019] In this embodiment, within the projection plane perpendicular to the top and bottom directions, the projections of all electrode components are located within the projection edge line of the drainage structure. In other words, the projection edge line of the drainage structure surrounds the projections of all electrode components. Thus, one drainage structure can basically cover all electrode components, reducing the number of parts.

[0020] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly includes a tab, the drainage structure forms a clearance opening, and the projection of the tab is located within the projection range of the clearance opening, with a plane perpendicular to the top and bottom directions as the projection surface.

[0021] In this embodiment, the plane perpendicular to the top and bottom directions is used as the projection plane, and the projection of the electrode tab is located within the projection range of the clearance opening. In this way, the electrode tab can be electrically connected to the electrode terminal through the clearance opening, avoiding the current-draining structure from blocking the electrode tab and reducing the assembly difficulty.

[0022] In some embodiments, the electrode tab is disposed within the clearance opening.

[0023] In this embodiment, the tab is inserted into the clearance opening. This facilitates the connection between the tab and the electrode terminal, for example, by welding the tab to the electrode terminal.

[0024] In some embodiments, the drainage structure is a flat plate structure intersecting the top and bottom directions.

[0025] In this embodiment, the drainage structure is a flat plate structure, which is simple and easy to manufacture. The flat plate structure intersects with the top and bottom directions, for example, the flat plate structure intersects with the top and bottom directions perpendicularly. The drainage structure can block the electrolyte from the injection port, and the electrolyte can flow in all directions along the top surface of the drainage structure to guide the peripheral edges of the drainage structure.

[0026] In some embodiments, the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly includes two sub-walls spaced apart to form the drainage channel.

[0027] In this embodiment, the space between the two sub-walls is a drainage channel. The drainage channel is closed on the side facing the electrode assembly. The two sub-walls restrict the flow of electrolyte from top to bottom. The sub-wall close to the electrode assembly can isolate the electrode assembly and the electrolyte, further preventing the electrolyte in the drainage channel from contacting the electrode assembly circumferentially. This can reduce the probability of the electrolyte wetting the electrode assembly from the periphery of the electrode assembly.

[0028] In some embodiments, the peripheral sidewalls of the housing assembly are recessed or reduced in material to form the drainage channel.

[0029] In this embodiment, the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly is recessed to form a drainage channel. The drainage channel opens towards the side of the electrode assembly. By forming the drainage channel through localized plastic deformation of the housing assembly with a recess, the number of components can be reduced, saving material costs. Alternatively, the drainage channel can be formed by removing material from the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly, thus reducing the number of components and saving material costs.

[0030] In some embodiments, the two drainage channels are located on opposite sides of the electrode assembly.

[0031] In this embodiment, the two drainage channels can increase the electrolyte flow rate and improve efficiency. The drainage channels are located on opposite sides of the electrode assembly, facilitating electrolyte diversion.

[0032] This application provides a battery device comprising at least two battery cells as described in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0033] This application also provides an electrical device, including any of the battery cells or battery devices described above, wherein the battery cell or battery device is used to store or provide electrical energy. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure in some embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion and disassembly of the battery device in some embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery cell in some embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a single battery cell;

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Another cross-sectional view of a single battery cell;

[0039] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Another cross-sectional view of a single battery cell;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell in some other embodiments of this application;

[0041] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Another cross-sectional view of a single battery cell;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell in some embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage structure in some embodiments of this application.

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0045] 1000, Vehicle; 100, Battery Unit; 200, Controller; 300, Motor; 1, Battery Cell; 11, Housing Assembly; 11a, Receiving Cavity; 11b, Injection Port; 11c, Drainage Channel; 1101, Sub-wall; 101, Housing; 102, End Cap; 103, Separator; 12, Electrode Assembly; L1, Projected Edge Line of Electrode Assembly 12; 121, Tab; 13, Drainage Structure; 13a, Guide Groove; 13b, Outlet; 13c, Clearance Port; L2, Projected Edge Line of Drainage Structure 13; 2, Housing; 21, First Housing; 22, Second Housing. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0048] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0049] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0050] It should be noted that in this application, "at least two" refers to a quantity of two or more. "Multiple" refers to a quantity of two or more. The unit "mm" stands for millimeter. The first direction, the second direction, and the top-bottom direction are perpendicular to each other. The first direction is denoted as X, the second direction as Y, and the top-bottom direction as Z. The top side and the bottom side are two sides opposite to the top-bottom direction. The top side is denoted as Z1, and the bottom side is denoted as Z2.

[0051] Please see Figures 1 to 3 To facilitate understanding of the battery cell 1, battery device 100, and electrical equipment provided in the embodiments of this application, some basic structures of the battery cell 1, battery device 100, and electrical equipment provided in the embodiments of this application will be introduced first.

[0052] In this embodiment of the application, the battery cell 1 can be a secondary battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be used again after being discharged by recharging to activate the active materials.

[0053] The battery cell 1 can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.

[0054] Please see Figure 5 A battery cell 1 typically includes an electrode assembly 12, which comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, with the separator positioned between the negative and positive electrodes. During the charging and discharging process of the battery cell 1, active ions (such as lithium ions) repeatedly insert and extract between the positive and negative electrodes. The separator, positioned between the positive and negative electrodes, serves to prevent short circuits between the electrodes while allowing active ions to pass through.

[0055] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a positive electrode sheet, which may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

[0056] As an example, the positive current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the positive active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive current collector.

[0057] As an example, the positive current collector can be a metal foil, a conductive polymer material, a carbon material, or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, pure metals, alloys, or surface-treated metals can be used, including but not limited to stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, titanium, or silver. The composite current collector may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloys, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, titanium alloys, silver, and silver alloys, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0058] As an example, the positive electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: lithium phosphate, lithium transition metal oxide, and their respective modified compounds. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as positive electrode active materials for batteries may also be used. These positive electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples of lithium phosphate include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium iron phosphate (such as LiFePO4 (also referred to as LFP)), lithium iron phosphate and carbon composites, lithium manganese phosphate (such as LiMnPO4), lithium manganese phosphate and carbon composites, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and lithium manganese iron phosphate and carbon composites.

[0059] In some embodiments, the negative electrode may be a negative electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector.

[0060] As an example, the negative electrode current collector can be a metal foil, a conductive polymer material, a carbon material, or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, pure metals, alloys, or surface-treated metals can be used, including but not limited to stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, titanium, or silver. The composite current collector may include a polymer material substrate and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (copper, copper alloys, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, titanium alloys, silver, and silver alloys, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0061] As an example, the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

[0062] As an example, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the negative electrode active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0063] As an example, the negative electrode active material may be a negative electrode active material known in the art for use in battery cell 1. As an example, the negative electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, and lithium titanate, etc. Silicon-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxide compounds, silicon-carbon composites, silicon-nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys. Tin-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental tin, tin oxide compounds, and tin alloys. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as negative electrode active materials for battery cell 1 may also be used. These negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0064] In some embodiments, the positive current collector can be made of aluminum, and the negative current collector can be made of copper.

[0065] In some embodiments, the separator is a separator membrane. This application does not impose any particular limitation on the type of separator membrane; any known porous separator membrane with good chemical and mechanical stability can be selected.

[0066] As an example, the main material of the separator can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramic. The separator can be a single-layer film or a multi-layer composite film, without particular limitation. When the separator is a multi-layer composite film, the materials of each layer can be the same or different, without particular limitation. The separator can be a single component located between the positive and negative electrodes, or it can be attached to the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes. An inorganic particle coating, an organic particle coating, or an organic / inorganic composite coating can also be applied to the surface of the separator.

[0067] In some embodiments, the battery cell 1 further includes an electrolyte, which acts as a conductor of ions between the positive and negative electrodes. This application does not impose specific limitations on the type of electrolyte; it can be selected according to requirements.

[0068] Electrolytes may include electrolyte salts and solvents.

[0069] In some embodiments, the electrolyte salt may be selected from at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorooxalate borate, lithium dioxalate borate, lithium difluorodioxalate phosphate, and lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate.

[0070] In some embodiments, the solvent may be selected from at least one of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, ethyl propyl carbonate, butyl carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butyrolactone, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfone, methyl ethyl sulfone, and diethyl sulfone. The solvent may also be an ether solvent. Ether solvents may include one or more of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tetrahydrofuran, diphenyl ether, and crown ethers.

[0071] In some embodiments, the electrolyte may optionally include additives. For example, additives may include negative electrode film-forming additives, positive electrode film-forming additives, and additives that can improve certain performance of the battery cell 1, such as additives that improve the overcharge / fast charge performance of the battery cell 1, additives that improve the high-temperature performance of the battery cell 1, additives that improve the low-temperature performance of the battery cell 1, etc.

[0072] The electrode assembly 12 can be a wound structure, a stacked structure, or a hybrid structure of wound and stacked.

[0073] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 12 is a wound structure. The positive electrode and the negative electrode are wound into a wound structure.

[0074] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 12 has a stacked structure.

[0075] As an example, multiple positive and negative electrodes can be set, and multiple positive and multiple negative electrodes can be stacked alternately.

[0076] As an example, multiple positive electrode plates can be provided, and negative electrode plates can be folded to form multiple stacked folded segments, with a positive electrode plate sandwiched between adjacent folded segments.

[0077] As an example, both the positive and negative electrode plates are folded to form multiple stacked folded segments.

[0078] As an example, multiple separators can be provided, each positioned between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.

[0079] As an example, the separators can be continuously arranged, either by folding or rolling between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.

[0080] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 12 may be cylindrical, flat, or polygonal, etc.

[0081] In some implementations, please refer to Figure 5The electrode assembly 12 is provided with tabs 121, which can conduct current from the electrode assembly 12. The tabs 121 include a positive tab 121 and a negative tab 121.

[0082] In some embodiments, the battery cell 1 may include a housing assembly 11. The housing assembly 11 may be a steel housing, an aluminum housing, a plastic housing (such as a polypropylene housing), or a composite metal housing (such as a copper-aluminum composite housing), etc.

[0083] As an example, the battery cell 1 can be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, or a battery cell of other shapes. Prismatic battery cells include prismatic battery cells, blade-shaped battery cells, and multi-prismatic battery cells. Multi-prismatic battery cells are, for example, hexagonal prismatic battery cells. This application does not have any particular limitations.

[0084] For some implementation methods, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 8 The housing assembly 11 includes an end cap 102 and a housing 101. The housing 101 has an opening, and the end cap 102 covers the opening. The housing 101 may have one or more openings. The end cap 102 may also have one or more.

[0085] In some embodiments, the housing assembly 11 is provided with at least one electrode terminal, which is electrically connected to the tab 121. The electrode terminal can be directly connected to the tab 121 or indirectly connected to the tab 121 through a current collector. The electrode terminal can be provided on the end cover 102 or on the housing 101.

[0086] In some embodiments, a pressure relief mechanism is provided on the housing assembly 11. The pressure relief mechanism is used to release the internal gas of the battery cell 1.

[0087] As an example, when the internal pressure or temperature of battery cell 1 reaches a predetermined threshold, it is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature. When the internal pressure or temperature of battery cell 1 reaches the predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism is activated or a weak structure in the pressure relief mechanism is destroyed, thereby forming an opening or channel for the internal pressure or temperature to be released. The threshold design varies depending on the design requirements. The threshold may depend on the materials of one or more of the positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, and separator in battery cell 1.

[0088] As an example, the pressure relief mechanism can be integrally formed with the housing assembly 11.

[0089] As an example, the pressure relief mechanism can also be separately configured and connected to the housing assembly 11.

[0090] The term "actuation" as used in this application refers to the pressure relief mechanism being activated or undergoing a certain state, thereby releasing the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell 1. The actions of the pressure relief mechanism may include, but are not limited to: movement of components within the pressure relief mechanism to form an exhaust channel, rupture, breakage, tearing, or opening of at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism, etc. When the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, the high-temperature, high-pressure substances inside the battery cell 1 are discharged outwards from the actuated portion as waste. This method enables the battery cell 1 to release pressure and temperature under controllable pressure or temperature conditions, thereby preventing potentially more serious accidents.

[0091] Please see Figure 2 This application provides a battery device 100, which includes at least two battery cells 1 as described in any one embodiment of this application.

[0092] The battery device 100 mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells 1.

[0093] Multiple battery cells 1 can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed via a busbar. The busbar is used to achieve electrical connection between at least two battery cells 1.

[0094] For example, "hybrid connection" refers to at least two battery cells 1 that are connected in both series and parallel. At least two battery cells 1 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or hybrid connections; of course, at least two battery cells 1 can also be first connected in series, parallel, or hybrid connections to form a module, and then the module can be connected in series, parallel, or hybrid connections to form a whole.

[0095] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells 1.

[0096] As an example, a battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells 1 together to form an independent module. As an example, a battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells 1 together with cable ties.

[0097] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The battery device 100 can be a battery pack, which includes a housing 2 and one or more battery cell assemblies, with the battery cell assemblies housed in the housing 2.

[0098] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module, and the battery cell assembly can be housed in the housing 2 by fixing the battery module in the housing 2.

[0099] As an example, the battery cell assembly can also be housed in the housing 2 by directly fixing multiple battery cells 1 to the housing 2.

[0100] For example, please refer to Figure 2 The housing 2 may include a first housing 21 and a second housing 22. The first housing 21 and the second housing 22 are fastened together to form a closed space inside the housing 2 to house the battery cell assembly. Here, "closed" refers to covering or closing, which can be either sealed or unsealed. The first housing 21 may be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0101] As an example, the housing 2 may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and the bottom plate are respectively connected to the frame, so that the interior of the housing 2 forms an enclosed space to accommodate the battery cell assembly.

[0102] In some embodiments, the housing 2 can be part of the vehicle's chassis structure. For example, a portion of the housing 2 can be at least a portion of the vehicle's floor, or a portion of the housing 2 can be at least a portion of the vehicle's crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

[0103] This application provides an electrical device, which includes a battery cell 1 or a battery device 100 in any embodiment of this application. The battery cell 1 or the battery device 100 is used to store or provide electrical energy.

[0104] Electrical equipment includes, but is not limited to, energy storage devices, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, vehicles, ships, or spacecraft. Vehicles can include electric bicycles and electric cars; electric toys can include electric bicycle toys and electric car toys, etc., including stationary or mobile electric toys such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys, and electric airplane toys; spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0105] Energy storage equipment includes, but is not limited to, energy storage containers or energy storage cabinets.

[0106] In the following embodiments, for ease of explanation, a vehicle 1000 is used as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application. The description is as follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0107] Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the structure of a vehicle 1000 as provided in some embodiments of this application. The vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. Figure 1 As shown, a battery device 100 is installed inside the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery device 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0108] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0109] In related technologies, during the electrolyte injection process, the electrolyte can easily wet the electrode assembly from multiple directions, such as the top side of the electrode assembly and the periphery of the electrode assembly around the top and bottom. When the electrolyte wets the electrode assembly from the periphery to the center, a liquid seal phenomenon can easily occur in the center of the electrode assembly, making it difficult for gas in the center to escape. The central area of ​​the electrode sheet is not wetted or is not wetted sufficiently, resulting in poor wetting and affecting the intercalation of active ions. After the battery cell is cycled, black spots and / or metal precipitation problems are likely to appear in the center of the electrode assembly, affecting the performance and service life of the battery cell, and in severe cases, there are safety risks such as fire and explosion.

[0110] In view of this, the present application provides a battery cell, which includes a housing assembly and an electrode assembly. The housing assembly has a receiving cavity, and a liquid injection port communicating with the receiving cavity is formed on the top of the housing assembly. A drainage channel is formed on both the top and bottom sides of the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly. The liquid injection port is used to inject electrolyte. The electrode assembly is disposed in the receiving cavity and is located on the bottom side of the liquid injection port. The drainage channel guides the electrolyte from the liquid injection port to the bottom side of the electrode assembly.

[0111] The battery cell provided in this application embodiment guides the electrolyte from the injection port to the bottom side of the electrode assembly via a flow channel. During electrolyte injection, the electrolyte injected from the injection port enters the flow channel through the top opening. The flow channel constrains the electrolyte to flow towards the bottom and enters the bottom side of the electrode assembly through the bottom opening. Under capillary action, the electrolyte climbs from the bottom to the top of the electrode assembly and wets it. In this way, the electrolyte can achieve directional wetting of the electrode assembly from bottom to top. By effectively guiding the flow of the electrolyte through the flow channel, the electrolyte enters the bottom side of the electrode assembly and directionally wets it from bottom to top. This facilitates the discharge of gas from the middle of the electrode assembly to the top, to a certain extent preventing liquid sealing, improving the wetting effect, reducing the risk of black spots and / or metal precipitation in the middle of the electrode assembly during cycling, and improving the performance and service life of the battery cell.

[0112] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further illustrates the battery cell 1 provided in the embodiments of this application. Please refer to the accompanying drawings. Figures 3 to 10 This application provides a battery cell 1, which includes a housing assembly 11 and an electrode assembly 12. The housing assembly 11 has a receiving cavity 11a, and a liquid injection port 11b communicating with the receiving cavity 11a is formed on the top of the housing assembly 11. A drainage channel 11c is formed on the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly 11, extending through the top and bottom sides. The liquid injection port 11b is used to inject electrolyte. The electrode assembly 12 is disposed in the receiving cavity 11a, and the electrode assembly 12 is located on the bottom side Z2 of the liquid injection port 11b. The drainage channel 11c guides the electrolyte from the liquid injection port 11b to the bottom side Z2 of the electrode assembly 12.

[0113] The housing assembly 11 is used to encapsulate the electrode assembly 12 and electrolyte, etc., and to provide protection for the electrode assembly 12 and other structures.

[0114] The peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly 11 is the circumferential sidewall of the housing assembly 11 surrounding the top and bottom direction Z.

[0115] The top and bottom sides of the drainage channel 11c are connected. In other words, the drainage channel 11c has a top side Z1 opening and a bottom side Z2 opening. The drainage channel 11c guides the electrolyte to flow directionally from the top side Z1 to the bottom side Z2.

[0116] For example, during the electrolyte injection process, the electrolyte injected through the injection port 11b enters the drainage channel 11c through the top Z1 opening of the drainage channel 11c. The drainage channel 11c constrains the electrolyte to flow towards the bottom Z2 and enters the bottom Z2 of the electrode assembly 12 through the bottom Z2 opening. Under capillary action, the electrolyte climbs from the bottom to the top of the electrode assembly 12 and wets the electrode assembly 12. In this way, the electrolyte can achieve directional wetting of the electrode assembly 12 from bottom to top.

[0117] The number of electrode assemblies 12 is unlimited; there may be one, two, three, or more electrode assemblies 12.

[0118] Taking the square-shell battery cell 1 as an example, the peripheral sidewall of the outer casing assembly 11 has two large surfaces and two side surfaces. The large surface of the outer casing assembly 11 is the surface with the largest area of ​​the outer casing assembly 11, and the side surface of the outer casing assembly 11 is the surface connected to the large surface in the circumferential direction. At least one of the two large surfaces and the two side surfaces has a drainage channel 11c, and the electrolyte can flow to the bottom Z2 along the drainage channel 11c on the large surface and / or the side surface.

[0119] The battery cell 1 provided in this application embodiment has a flow channel 11c that guides the electrolyte from the injection port 11b to the bottom Z2 of the electrode assembly 12. During the electrolyte injection process, the electrolyte injected from the injection port 11b enters the flow channel 11c through the top Z1 opening. The flow channel 11c constrains the electrolyte to flow towards the bottom Z2 and enters the bottom Z2 of the electrode assembly 12 through the bottom Z2 opening. Under capillary action, the electrolyte climbs from the bottom to the top Z1 of the electrode assembly 12 and wets the electrode assembly 12. In this way, the electrolyte can achieve directional wettation of the electrode assembly 12 from bottom to top. The electrolyte flow is effectively guided by the flow channel 11c, allowing the electrolyte to enter the bottom Z2 of the electrode assembly 12 and directionally wet the electrode assembly 12 from bottom to top. This facilitates the discharge of gas from the middle of the electrode assembly 12 from the top, to a certain extent preventing liquid sealing, improving the wetting effect, reducing the risk of black spots and / or metal precipitation in the middle of the electrode assembly 12 during cycling, and improving the performance and service life of the battery cell 1.

[0120] The drainage channel 11c may open toward one side of the electrode assembly 12 (see [reference]). Figure 7 (Or closed.) Please see below. Figure 5 and Figure 9 The drainage channel 11c is closed on the side facing the electrode assembly 12, which can isolate the periphery of the electrode assembly 12 from the electrolyte and, to a certain extent, prevent the electrolyte in the drainage channel 11c from contacting the electrode assembly 12 circumferentially.

[0121] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 9 The peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly 11 includes two sub-walls 1101, which are spaced apart to form a drainage channel 11c.

[0122] As an example, two sub-walls 1101 are spaced apart along a first direction X to form a drainage channel 11c, or two sub-walls 1101 are spaced apart along a second direction Y to form a drainage channel 11c.

[0123] In this embodiment, the space between the two sub-walls 1101 is a drainage channel 11c. The drainage channel 11c is closed on the side facing the electrode assembly 12. The two sub-walls 1101 restrict the flow of electrolyte from top to bottom. The sub-wall 1101 close to the electrode assembly 12 can isolate the electrode assembly 12 and the electrolyte, further preventing the electrolyte in the drainage channel 11c from contacting the electrode assembly 12 circumferentially, which can reduce the probability of the electrolyte wetting the electrode assembly 12 from the periphery.

[0124] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 4 to 6 The outer casing assembly 11 includes a housing 101 and a partition 103. The housing 101 has a receiving cavity 11a, and the partition 103 is located in the receiving cavity 11a. The partition 103 is spaced apart from the side wall of the housing 101 to form a drainage channel 11c.

[0125] As an example, housing assembly 11 includes end cap 102, which can form an injection port 11b.

[0126] In this embodiment, the side wall of the housing 101 and the partition 103 are two sub-walls 1101, and the partition 103 is connected to the housing 101 to jointly define the drainage channel 11c.

[0127] The connection method between the partition 103 and the housing 101 is not limited. For example, the partition 103 can be detachably connected to the housing 101 or non-detachably connected. The connection between the partition 103 and the housing 101 can be sealed.

[0128] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, non-detachable connections include, but are not limited to, welding or bonding. Detachable connections include, but are not limited to, snap-fit ​​connections, screw connections, or bolt connections.

[0129] In some embodiments, the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly 11 is recessed to form a drainage channel 11c. Specifically, the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly 11 is recessed in a direction away from the electrode assembly 12.

[0130] As an example, the sidewall of housing 101 is recessed in a direction away from electrode assembly 12 to form drainage channel 11c.

[0131] In this embodiment, the drainage channel 11c opens towards the side of the electrode assembly 12, and the housing assembly 11 forms the drainage channel 11c through localized concave plastic deformation, which can reduce the number of parts and save material costs.

[0132] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 7 to 9 The material of the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly 11 is reduced to form the drainage channel 11c.

[0133] Material reduction of the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly 11 refers to removing part of the material of the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly 11 and forming the drainage channel 11c by thinning.

[0134] For some examples, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The material reduction of the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly 11 can form a drainage channel 11c that opens toward the electrode assembly 12.

[0135] For other examples, please refer to Figure 9 The material reduction of the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly 11 can form a drainage channel 11c that is closed towards the electrode assembly 12. That is, part of the structure of the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly 11 can be removed to form a through hole that runs through both the top and bottom sides, and the through hole can be the drainage channel 11c.

[0136] In this embodiment, by removing material from the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly 11 to form the drainage channel 11c, the number of parts can be reduced, saving material costs.

[0137] The number of drainage channels 11c is unlimited. For example, there may be one, two, three or more drainage channels 11c.

[0138] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 4 to 9 Two drainage channels 11c are located on opposite sides of the electrode assembly 12.

[0139] As an example, in some examples, the two drainage channels 11c are located on opposite sides of the electrode assembly 12 along the first direction X. In other examples, the two drainage channels 11c are located on opposite sides of the electrode assembly 12 along the second direction Y.

[0140] In this embodiment, the two drainage channels 11c can increase the electrolyte flow rate and improve efficiency. The drainage channels 11c are located on opposite sides of the electrode assembly 12, which facilitates electrolyte diversion.

[0141] The dimensions of the drainage channel 11c can be set according to requirements. In some embodiments, the length of the drainage channel 11c can extend along the top-bottom direction Z, and the width of the drainage channel 11c can extend along the first direction X or the second direction Y. Taking the prismatic battery cell 1 as an example, in some examples, the drainage channel 11c is formed on the side of the housing assembly 11, and the two ends of the drainage channel 11c along the width direction can extend to the two large surfaces. In other examples, the drainage channel 11c is formed on the large surface of the housing assembly 11, and the two ends of the drainage channel 11c along the width direction can extend to the two sides.

[0142] In related technologies, during the electrolyte injection process, the electrolyte directly impacts the top of the electrode assembly. When the electrolyte seeps from the top, bottom, and surrounding areas towards the center, a liquid seal phenomenon easily occurs in the center of the electrode assembly, making it difficult for gas in the center to escape. Moreover, taking positive pressure injection as an example, a large amount of electrolyte impacting the top of the electrode assembly can also easily cause excessive spacing between electrode layers, resulting in the middle area of ​​the electrode not being wetted or being insufficiently wetted.

[0143] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 4 to 10 The battery cell 1 includes a drainage structure 13 disposed in the receiving cavity 11a. The drainage structure 13 is located between the liquid injection port 11b and the electrode assembly 12. The drainage structure 13 is used to receive electrolyte from the liquid injection port 11b and drain it to the drainage channel 11c.

[0144] The drainage structure 13 is located between the injection port 11b and the electrode assembly 12. That is, the drainage structure 13 is located on the bottom side Z2 of the injection port 11b and on the top side Z1 of the electrode assembly 12.

[0145] The drainage structure 13 shields the electrode assembly 12. The drainage structure 13 can block the electrolyte injected from the injection port 11b from impacting the top of the electrode assembly 12 to a certain extent. The drainage structure 13 is used to guide the electrolyte injected from the injection port 11b to the drainage channel 11c.

[0146] As an example, the peripheral edge of the drainage structure 13 can extend to the top side Z1 of the drainage channel 11c, so that the drainage structure 13 receives the electrolyte from the injection port 11b, and the electrolyte flows along the drainage structure 13 to the peripheral edge and falls to the top side Z1 opening of the drainage channel 11c under the action of gravity, etc.

[0147] The peripheral edge of the drainage structure 13 refers to the periphery of the drainage structure 13 in the Z direction around the top and bottom.

[0148] During the injection process, the electrolyte enters the drainage channel 11c through the injection port 11b and is guided by the drainage structure 13. Specifically, the electrolyte from the injection port 11b contacts the drainage structure 13 and flows along the drainage structure 13 to the peripheral edge of the drainage structure 13. In this way, the drainage structure 13 can block the electrolyte from directly impacting the top of the electrode assembly 12 to a certain extent. The electrolyte flows to the peripheral edge under the guidance of the drainage structure 13. The electrolyte flows to the bottom Z2 in the drainage channel 11c and is discharged to the bottom Z2 of the electrode assembly 12 through the bottom Z2 opening of the drainage channel 11c. Under capillary action, the electrolyte climbs from the bottom to the top of the electrode assembly 12 and wets the electrode assembly 12. In this way, the electrolyte can achieve directional wetting of the electrode assembly 12 from bottom to top.

[0149] In this embodiment, the drainage structure 13 is located between the injection port 11b and the electrode assembly 12. The drainage structure 13 guides the electrolyte injected from the injection port 11b to the drainage channel 11c. During the injection process, the electrolyte enters the drainage channel 11c through the injection port 11b and under the guidance of the drainage structure 13. The electrolyte flows towards the bottom Z2 in the drainage channel 11c and is discharged to the bottom Z2 of the electrode assembly 12 through the bottom Z2 opening of the drainage channel 11c. Under capillary action, the electrolyte climbs from the bottom to the top of the electrode assembly 12 and wets the electrode assembly 12. In this way, the electrolyte can achieve directional wetting of the electrode assembly 12 from bottom to top. The electrolyte flow is effectively guided by the flow-guiding structure 13 and the flow-guiding channel 11c, reducing the probability of the electrolyte at the injection port 11b directly contacting the top of the electrode assembly 12. This allows the electrolyte to directionally wet the electrode assembly 12, which is beneficial for the gas in the middle of the electrode assembly 12 to be discharged from the top of the electrode assembly 12. This helps to prevent liquid sealing to a certain extent, improves the wetting effect, reduces the risk of black spots and / or metal precipitation in the middle of the electrode assembly 12 during cycling, and improves the performance and service life of the battery cell 1.

[0150] In some embodiments, the drainage structure 13 can be connected to the housing assembly 11. As an example, the drainage structure 13 can be connected to the end cap 102. The specific connection method is not limited, and the drainage structure 13 can be detachably or non-detachably connected to the housing assembly 11.

[0151] In some embodiments, the battery cell 1 includes an insulating package that encloses the electrode assembly 12. It is understood that the insulating package can avoid the tabs 121; that is, the insulating package does not enclose the tabs 121 to facilitate connection between the tabs 121 and the electrode terminals. The insulating package serves to insulate and isolate the electrode assembly 12 from the housing assembly 11, protecting the electrode assembly 12.

[0152] The insulating package has an insulating function and can be made of insulating materials; for example, the insulating package can be made of Mylar film.

[0153] Mylar film, also known as Mylar membrane, is a polyester polymer with excellent surface smoothness, transparency, and mechanical flexibility. Mylar film is a semi-transparent, flexible thin film.

[0154] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 10 The flow-guiding structure 13 forms a flow-guiding groove 13a that opens towards the top side Z1. The peripheral edge of the flow-guiding structure 13 forms a liquid outlet 13b that communicates with the flow-guiding groove 13a. With the plane perpendicular to the top and bottom direction Z as the projection plane, the projection of the liquid inlet 11b is located within the projection range of the flow-guiding groove 13a.

[0155] The outlet 13b is used to discharge the electrolyte in the guide tank 13a into the guide channel 11c. Specifically, with the plane perpendicular to the top-bottom direction Z as the projection plane, the projection of the outlet 13b is located within the projection range of the guide channel 11c. The electrolyte discharged from the outlet 13b can fall directly into the guide channel 11c.

[0156] The number of outlets 13b can be one, two, three or more.

[0157] Each outlet 13b can be aligned with a drainage channel 11c. As an example, two drainage channels 11c are located on opposite sides of the electrode assembly 12, and each end of the peripheral edge of the drainage structure 13 has an outlet 13b.

[0158] With the plane perpendicular to the top and bottom direction Z as the projection plane, the projection of the injection port 11b is located within the projection range of the guide channel 13a. The electrolyte from the injection port 11b can fall directly into the guide channel 13a, and the guide channel 13a can receive the electrolyte from the injection port 11b and achieve flow guidance.

[0159] In this embodiment, a guide groove 13a can be formed on the top surface of the flow-guiding structure 13. The guide groove 13a transports the electrolyte to the peripheral edge of the flow-guiding structure 13. The guide groove 13a can restrict the flow direction of the electrolyte and direct the electrolyte to the outlet 13b so that the electrolyte can enter the flow-guiding channel 11c more concentratedly.

[0160] The form and manner of the drainage channel are not limited. For example, in some embodiments, the drainage channel can be formed by reducing the material of the drainage structure 13, that is, by removing part of the material of the drainage structure 13 to thin the drainage structure 13, thereby forming the drainage channel. In other embodiments, a rib can be provided on the top surface of the drainage structure 13, and the rib defines the drainage channel.

[0161] In some embodiments, the drainage structure 13 may also be without the drainage groove 13a, and the top surface of the drainage structure 13 may be a smooth surface.

[0162] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 With the plane perpendicular to the top-bottom direction Z as the projection plane, the projection edge line L1 of the electrode assembly 12 does not exceed the projection edge line L2 of the drainage structure 13.

[0163] The projection edge line L1 of the electrode assembly 12 refers to the outer contour line of the electrode assembly 12 projected in the projection plane.

[0164] The projection edge line L2 of the drainage structure 13 refers to the outer contour line of the drainage structure 13 projected in the projection plane.

[0165] The projection edge line L1 of the electrode assembly 12 does not exceed the projection edge line L2 of the drainage structure 13. The projection edge line L1 of the electrode assembly 12 may coincide with the projection edge line L2 of the drainage structure 13, or the projection edge line L1 of the electrode assembly 12 may be located inside the projection edge line L2 of the drainage structure 13.

[0166] In this embodiment, the projected edge line L1 of the electrode assembly 12 does not exceed the projected edge line L2 of the drainage structure 13. The drainage structure 13 can more comprehensively shield the electrode assembly 12, reducing the probability that the top of the electrode assembly 12 directly contacts the electrolyte from the injection port 11b.

[0167] In some embodiments, the projection plane is a plane perpendicular to the top-bottom direction Z, and the projection edge line L2 of the drainage structure 13 does not exceed the projection edge line of the insulating wrapping. In this way, the size of the drainage structure 13 is appropriate to facilitate assembly into the receiving cavity 11a.

[0168] In some embodiments, a plane perpendicular to the top-bottom direction Z is used as the projection plane, and the distance between the projected edge line L1 of the electrode assembly 12 and the projected edge line L2 of the drainage structure 13 is D1, where 0mm ≤ D1 ≤ 1mm. Preferably, 0.5mm ≤ D1 ≤ 1mm.

[0169] For example, D1 can be 0mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.5mm, 0.7mm, 0.9mm or 1mm, etc.

[0170] In this embodiment, within the projection plane perpendicular to the top-bottom direction Z, D1 is between 0mm and 1mm. The distance between the projection edge line L1 of the electrode assembly 12 and the projection edge line L2 of the drainage structure 13 is small. The drainage structure 13 can minimize the space occupied while taking into account the drainage requirements.

[0171] The current-draining structure 13 can be an insulating structure. For example, the current-draining structure 13 can be made of insulating material. Preferably, the current-draining structure 13 can be made of a material with good insulation and heat resistance. The current-draining structure 13 can be made of rigid material, and the current-draining structure 13 can maintain its shape under the impact of electrolyte. For example, the current-draining structure 13 can be made of rigid materials such as plastic or ceramic.

[0172] In some embodiments, the drainage structure 13 can abut against the wall of the drainage channel 11c. In this way, the wall of the drainage channel 11c can provide support for the drainage structure 13, resulting in better structural stability and helping the drainage structure 13 maintain its shape. Of course, the drainage structure 13 can also be spaced apart from the wall of the drainage channel 11c.

[0173] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 4 to 5The battery cell 1 includes at least two electrode components 12, with the plane perpendicular to the top and bottom direction Z as the projection plane, and the projection of all electrode components 12 is located within the projection edge line L2 of the drainage structure 13.

[0174] For example, please refer to Figure 5 At least two electrode assemblies 12 can be stacked along the first direction X. Taking the square-shell battery cell 1 as an example, the first direction X can be perpendicular to the large surface of the outer shell assembly 11.

[0175] In this embodiment, in the projection plane perpendicular to the top-bottom direction Z, the projections of all electrode components 12 are located within the projection edge line L2 of the drainage structure 13. That is, the projection edge line L2 of the drainage structure 13 surrounds the projections of all electrode components 12. In this way, one drainage structure 13 can basically cover all electrode components 12, reducing the number of parts.

[0176] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 4 to 10 The electrode assembly 12 includes a tab 121 and a drainage structure 13 forming a relief opening 13c. The projection of the tab 121 is located within the projection range of the relief opening 13c, with the plane perpendicular to the top-bottom direction Z as the projection plane.

[0177] In this embodiment, the plane perpendicular to the top-bottom direction Z is used as the projection plane, and the projection of the tab 121 is located within the projection range of the clearance opening 13c. In this way, the tab 121 can be electrically connected to the electrode terminal through the clearance opening 13c, avoiding the current-draining structure 13 from blocking the tab 121 and reducing the assembly difficulty.

[0178] It is understood that the tab 121 and the electrode terminal can be directly connected, for example, the tab 121 can be soldered to the electrode terminal; or the tab 121 and the electrode terminal can be indirectly connected through a conductive structure such as a busbar. This application does not limit this.

[0179] In some embodiments, the electrolyte cannot permeate the drainage structure 13. In other words, the drainage structure 13 does not have micron-sized micropores. The drainage structure 13 can be made of a dense material. Except for macroscopic openings on the drainage structure 13, such as the clearance opening 13c, the electrolyte cannot permeate through the drainage structure 13 in the top-to-bottom direction Z to the top of the electrode assembly 12, but is instead guided to the peripheral edge of the drainage structure 13. It is understood that the clearance opening 13c is a macroscopic opening on the drainage structure 13, and the size of the clearance opening 13c is much larger than the micron level.

[0180] In some embodiments, the distance between the projection of the clearance opening 13c wall and the projection of the tab 121 is D2, where 0mm ≤ D2 ≤ 10mm. Preferably, 1mm ≤ D2 ≤ 5mm.

[0181] For example, D2 can be 0mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, 5mm, 7mm, 8mm or 10mm, etc.

[0182] In this embodiment, D2 is between 0mm and 10mm. There may be no gap or a gap between the wall of the clearance opening 13c and the tab 121. The distance D2 between the projection of the wall of the clearance opening 13c and the projection of the tab 121 can be 0mm. That is, the wall of the clearance opening 13c fits snugly against the tab 121, thus reducing the probability of leakage due to the gap between the wall of the clearance opening 13c and the tab 121. If D2 is greater than 0mm and not greater than 10mm, there is a small gap between the wall of the clearance opening 13c and the tab 121. This facilitates the tab 121 passing through the clearance opening 13c, meeting both manufacturing and assembly requirements. With a small distance between the wall of the clearance opening 13c and the tab 121, most of the electrolyte is still guided to the peripheral edge by the flow-guiding structure 13, and only a small amount of electrolyte leaks to the bottom Z2 through the gap between the wall of the clearance opening 13c and the tab 121.

[0183] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 4 to 10 The tab 121 is inserted into the clearance opening 13c. This facilitates the connection of the tab 121 to the electrode terminal, for example, by soldering the tab 121 to the electrode terminal.

[0184] In some embodiments, the tab 121 may also be located on the bottom side Z2 of the clearance opening 13c. In this way, the tab 121 and the electrode terminal can be connected by a conductive structure.

[0185] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 4 to 10 The number of clearance openings 13c is the same as the number of tabs 121, and one tab 121 is installed in each clearance opening 13c.

[0186] As an example, the positive electrode tab 121 and the negative electrode tab 121 are spaced apart along the second direction Y, all the positive electrode tabs 121 are arranged along the first direction X, and all the negative electrode tabs 121 are arranged along the first direction X.

[0187] In this embodiment, each clearance opening 13c is fitted with an electrode tab 121, which makes it easier to assemble the drainage structure 13 and the electrode assembly 12.

[0188] In some embodiments, the number of clearance openings 13c is less than the number of tabs 121, and each clearance opening 13c corresponds to at least two tabs 121. For example, there are two clearance openings 13c; all positive tabs 121 correspond to one clearance opening 13c, and all negative tabs 121 correspond to the other clearance opening 13c. All positive tabs 121 can be arranged along the first direction X, and all negative tabs 121 can be arranged along the first direction X. This simplifies the structure of the drainage structure 13 and reduces manufacturing difficulty.

[0189] It is understandable that the positive electrode tab 121 is connected to the positive electrode, and the negative electrode tab 121 is connected to the negative electrode.

[0190] In some embodiments, the drainage structure 13 is a one-piece molded structure. A one-piece molded structure refers to a structure manufactured using a one-piece molding process. This results in good structural strength for the drainage structure 13 and also eliminates the need for assembly steps.

[0191] In some embodiments, multiple independent components may be connected to form the drainage structure 13. An independent component refers to a structural component manufactured separately and independently; these components can be connected in a non-detachable or detachable manner to form the drainage structure 13.

[0192] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 The drainage structure 13 is a flat plate structure that intersects with the top and bottom directions Z.

[0193] The flat plate structure refers to the flow structure 13, which is roughly flat in shape.

[0194] The intersection of the flat plate structure with the top and bottom direction Z means that the flat plate structure can intersect the top and bottom direction Z perpendicularly or obliquely. In other words, the drainage structure 13 is not parallel to the top and bottom direction Z; that is, the thickness direction of the drainage structure 13 is parallel or oblique to the top and bottom direction Z.

[0195] In this embodiment, the drainage structure 13 is a flat plate structure, which is simple in structure and easy to manufacture. The flat plate structure intersects with the top-bottom direction Z, for example, the flat plate structure intersects with the top-bottom direction Z perpendicularly. The drainage structure 13 can block the electrolyte from the injection port 11b, and the electrolyte can flow in all directions along the top surface of the drainage structure 13 to guide the peripheral edge of the drainage structure 13.

[0196] The following specific embodiment further illustrates the battery cell 1 provided in this application. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 3 to 6 ,as well as Figure 10The battery cell 1 includes a housing assembly 11 and an electrode assembly 12. The housing assembly 11 has a receiving cavity 11a, and a liquid injection port 11b communicating with the receiving cavity 11a is formed on the top of the housing assembly 11. A drainage channel 11c, penetrating from the top and bottom sides, is formed on the peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly 11. The liquid injection port 11b is used to inject electrolyte. The electrode assembly 12 is disposed within the receiving cavity 11a, located on the bottom side Z2 of the liquid injection port 11b. The drainage channel 11c guides the electrolyte from the liquid injection port 11b to the bottom side Z2 of the electrode assembly 12. Two drainage channels 11c are located on opposite sides of the electrode assembly 12. The peripheral sidewall of the housing assembly 11 includes two sub-walls 1101, which are spaced apart to form the drainage channels 11c. The battery cell 1 includes a flow-guiding structure 13 disposed in the receiving cavity 11a. The flow-guiding structure 13 is located between the liquid injection port 11b and the electrode assembly 12. The flow-guiding structure 13 forms a flow-guiding groove 13a that opens towards the top side Z1. The peripheral edge of the flow-guiding structure 13 forms a liquid outlet 13b that communicates with the flow-guiding groove 13a. With the plane perpendicular to the top-bottom direction Z as the projection plane, the projection of the liquid injection port 11b is located within the projection range of the flow-guiding groove 13a.

[0197] In this embodiment, the drainage structure 13 is located between the injection port 11b and the electrode assembly 12. The drainage structure 13 guides the electrolyte injected from the injection port 11b to the drainage channel 11c. During the injection process, the electrolyte enters the drainage channel 11c through the injection port 11b and under the guidance of the drainage structure 13. The electrolyte flows towards the bottom Z2 in the drainage channel 11c and is discharged to the bottom Z2 of the electrode assembly 12 through the bottom Z2 opening of the drainage channel 11c. Under capillary action, the electrolyte climbs from the bottom to the top of the electrode assembly 12 and wets the electrode assembly 12. In this way, the electrolyte can achieve directional wetting of the electrode assembly 12 from bottom to top. The flow direction of the electrolyte is effectively guided by the flow-guiding structure 13 and the flow-guiding channel 11c, reducing the probability of the electrolyte at the injection port 11b directly contacting the top of the electrode assembly 12. This allows the electrolyte to directionally wet the electrode assembly 12, facilitating the discharge of gas from the middle of the electrode assembly 12 from the top, preventing liquid sealing to some extent, improving the wetting effect, and reducing the risk of black spots and / or metal deposition in the middle of the electrode assembly 12 during cycling, thereby improving the performance and lifespan of the battery cell 1. A guide groove 13a can be formed on the top surface of the flow-guiding structure 13. The guide groove 13a transports the electrolyte to the peripheral edge of the flow-guiding structure 13. The guide groove 13a can restrict the flow direction of the electrolyte, directing it to the outlet 13b, so that the electrolyte can enter the flow-guiding channel 11c more concentratedly. The space between the two sub-walls 1101 is a drainage channel 11c. The drainage channel 11c is closed on the side facing the electrode assembly 12. The two sub-walls 1101 restrict the flow of electrolyte from top to bottom. The sub-wall 1101 close to the electrode assembly 12 can isolate the electrode assembly 12 and the electrolyte, further preventing the electrolyte in the drainage channel 11c from contacting the electrode assembly 12 circumferentially, which can reduce the probability of the electrolyte wetting the electrode assembly 12 from the periphery.

[0198] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized by, The battery monomer comprises a shell assembly having a containing cavity, a top of the shell assembly forms a liquid injection port communicating with the containing cavity, a circumferential wall of the shell assembly forms a drainage channel penetrating through the top and the bottom, and the liquid injection port is used for injecting electrolyte. The battery monomer comprises an electrode assembly arranged in the containing cavity, the electrode assembly is located at the bottom side of the liquid injection port, and the drainage channel guides the electrolyte from the liquid injection port to the bottom side of the electrode assembly. The battery monomer comprises a drainage structure arranged in the containing cavity, the drainage structure is located between the liquid injection port and the electrode assembly, and the drainage structure is used for receiving the electrolyte from the liquid injection port and guiding the electrolyte to the drainage channel.

2. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The drainage structure forms a flow guide groove open toward the top side, a circumferential edge of the drainage structure forms a liquid outlet port communicating with the flow guide groove, a projection plane perpendicular to the top-bottom direction is taken as a projection plane, and a projection of the liquid injection port is located in a projection range of the flow guide groove.

3. The battery cell of claim 2, wherein, A projection edge line of the electrode assembly does not exceed a projection edge line of the drainage structure, the projection plane perpendicular to the top-bottom direction is taken as a projection plane.

4. The battery cell of claim 2, wherein, A distance between the projection edge line of the electrode assembly and the projection edge line of the drainage structure is D1, 0mm≤D1≤1mm, the projection plane perpendicular to the top-bottom direction is taken as a projection plane.

5. The battery cell of claim 4, wherein, The battery monomer comprises at least two electrode assemblies, and projections of all the electrode assemblies are located in the projection edge line of the drainage structure, the projection plane perpendicular to the top-bottom direction is taken as a projection plane.

6. The battery cell of claim 2, wherein, The electrode assembly comprises a tab, the drainage structure forms an avoiding port, and a projection of the tab is located in a projection range of the avoiding port, the projection plane perpendicular to the top-bottom direction is taken as a projection plane.

7. The battery cell of claim 2, wherein, The tab is arranged in the avoiding port.

8. The battery cell of claim 7, wherein, The drainage structure is in a flat plate structure intersecting the top-bottom direction.

9. The battery cell of claim 2, wherein, The circumferential wall of the shell assembly comprises two sub-walls, and the two sub-walls are arranged in a spaced manner to form the drainage channel.

10. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The circumferential wall of the shell assembly is recessed or reduced in material to form the drainage channel.

11. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The two drainage channels are located at opposite sides of the electrode assembly.

12. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that The battery monomer comprises at least two battery monomers according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

13. A battery device characterized by comprising: The battery monomer or the battery device is used for storing or providing electric energy.

14. An electrical device, characterized by ​

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