Partial discharge quantum detection system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a partial discharge quantum detection system, which relates to the technical field of discharge detection, and comprises a quantum capture assembly, a signal conversion assembly connected with the signal output end of the quantum capture assembly, and a data analysis processing assembly connected with the signal output end of the signal conversion assembly, the signal conversion assembly converts quantum signals of the quantum capture assembly into detection signals, and the data analysis and processing assembly analyzes and processes the detection signals output by the signal conversion assembly. The diamond NV color center quantum sensor has the beneficial effects that the characteristics of quantum entanglement, quantum superposition and the like in the diamond NV color center quantum sensor are utilized, measurement data with higher precision can be provided, and particularly, the spin state of the NV color center in the diamond NV color center quantum sensor is controlled through microwave pulses emitted by the microwave generator, so that the measurement accuracy is improved. And then high-sensitivity magnetic field measurement is realized by utilizing the principle that the electron spin energy level of the diamond NV color center generates Zeeman splitting under the action of an external magnetic field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of discharge detection technology, and in particular to a partial discharge quantum detection system. Background Technology

[0002] Partial discharge refers to a discharge phenomenon between electrodes that does not penetrate the electrodes. It is usually caused by aging or damage to the insulation material or external factors. Although the amplitude of this phenomenon is small, its accumulation over a long period can lead to insulation breakdown and equipment failure. Therefore, partial discharge detection is crucial for preventing equipment failure and ensuring the safe operation of power systems. Partial discharge detection must first determine the type of discharge before proceeding to the next step. Existing partial discharge detection technologies, such as voltage inductance, current inductance, high-voltage bushing, and ultrasonic methods, generally suffer from low sensitivity and poor anti-interference capabilities, hindering the rapid identification of partial discharge types by operators. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0004] In view of the problems of low sensitivity and poor anti-interference ability of the existing partial discharge quantum detection system, this utility model is proposed.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a partial discharge quantum detection system, a quantum capture component, a signal conversion component connected to the signal output terminal of the quantum capture component, and a data analysis and processing component connected to the signal output terminal of the signal conversion component; wherein, the signal conversion component converts the quantum signal of the quantum capture component into a detection signal, and the data analysis and processing component analyzes and processes the detection signal output by the signal conversion component.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the partial discharge quantum detection system of this utility model, the quantum capture component includes a quantum entangled light source, a diamond NV center quantum sensor, and a microwave generator. The quantum entangled light source can control and excite the diamond NV center quantum sensor to be in an excited state. The microwave generator is connected to the output terminal of the diamond NV center quantum sensor and converts the output signal of the diamond NV center quantum sensor into a quantum state.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the partial discharge quantum detection system of this utility model, the quantum capture component further includes a cryogenic holder, which provides a low-temperature environment for the diamond NV color center quantum sensor.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the partial discharge quantum detection system of this utility model, the quantum capture component further includes a magnetic field generator, which is capable of generating a stable magnetic field environment.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the partial discharge quantum detection system of this utility model, the signal conversion component includes a quantum mixer, which is simultaneously connected to the diamond NV center quantum sensor and the microwave generator, and is capable of mixing the quantum signal output by the diamond NV center quantum sensor and the microwave signal output by the microwave generator.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the partial discharge quantum detection system of this utility model, the signal conversion component further includes a signal acquisition card connected to the diamond NV center quantum sensor, the signal acquisition card being able to acquire the output signal of the diamond NV center quantum sensor.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the partial discharge quantum detection system of this utility model, the diamond NV center quantum sensor is connected to a photodetector via an optical fiber. The photodetector can convert the fluorescence signal emitted by the diamond NV center quantum sensor into an electrical signal, and the photodetector is connected to a quantum mixer.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the partial discharge quantum detection system of this utility model, the signal acquisition card is connected to a storage component, which is capable of storing the detection signal.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the partial discharge quantum detection system of this utility model, a current amplifier is provided between the quantum mixer and the signal acquisition card, and the current amplifier can amplify the signal after mixing by the quantum mixer.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the partial discharge quantum detection system of this utility model, it further includes an environmental isolation component, which is connected to the quantum capture component.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By utilizing the characteristics of quantum entanglement and quantum superposition in the diamond NV center quantum sensor, higher precision measurement data can be provided. In particular, by using microwave pulses emitted by a microwave generator to control the spin state of the NV center in the diamond NV center quantum sensor, and then utilizing the principle of Zeeman splitting of the electron spin energy level of the diamond NV center under the action of an external magnetic field, high-sensitivity magnetic field measurement can be achieved based on photodetector magnetic resonance technology. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a system diagram of a quantum mixer as the signal conversion component in this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is an overall system diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that excludes other embodiments.

[0022] Secondly, this utility model is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of this utility model, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not adhering to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of this utility model. In addition, actual manufacturing should include the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] Reference Figure 1 The first embodiment of this utility model provides a partial discharge quantum detection system, including a quantum capture component 100, a signal conversion component 200, and a data analysis and processing component 400, wherein the signal conversion component 200 is located between the quantum capture component 100 and the data analysis and processing component 400, and plays a relay role.

[0025] During the partial discharge process inside an electronic device, there will be charge exchange and electromagnetic wave radiation at the discharge point, resulting in a weak pulse voltage signal. In this embodiment, the quantum capture component 100 captures the signal in the partial discharge event, converts it through its internal structure, emits a quantum signal related to the partial discharge event, and outputs it to the signal conversion component 200.

[0026] After receiving the quantum signal output by the quantum capture component 100, the signal conversion component 200 amplifies and filters it to reduce noise, then converts the quantum signal into an electrical signal that is easy to detect, and sends it to the data analysis and processing component 400.

[0027] After receiving the electrical signal, the data analysis and processing component 400 will send it to an internal partial discharge analysis instrument, such as an oscilloscope. The operator can determine the discharge type by looking at the signal amplitude and frequency spectrum displayed on the screen.

[0028] In use, the quantum capture component 100 first captures the quantum signal associated with the partial discharge event, and then generates the quantum signal associated with the partial discharge event. At this time, the output signal of the quantum capture component 100 is acquired by the signal conversion component 200 and then converted into a detection signal. The detection signal is transmitted to the data analysis and processing component 400 via optical fiber. The data analysis and processing component 400 processes the signal and finally outputs the partial discharge type on the display device, providing a basis for the maintenance and fault diagnosis of the power system.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] Reference Figure 1 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the quantum trapping component 100 includes a quantum entangled light source 101, a diamond NV center quantum sensor 102, and a microwave generator 104. The quantum entangled light source 101 is mainly used to control the diamond NV center quantum sensor 102 to be in an excited state, and the microwave generator 104 can convert the output signal of the diamond NV center quantum sensor 102 into a quantum state.

[0031] NV centers are defects in diamond, formed by the substitution of a nitrogen atom for a carbon atom, with a missing carbon atom around the nitrogen atom. The ground state of an NV center is a triplet, corresponding to Ms = 0, Ms = ±1, and so on. In the absence of a magnetic field, the Ms = +1 and Ms = -1 states are degenerate; under the influence of a magnetic field, these degenerate states separate.

[0032] In this embodiment, the quantum entanglement light source 101 can generate quantum entangled light, which is a laser with a wavelength of less than 637 nm. When it irradiates the NV center in the diamond NV center quantum sensor 102, the electrons in the ground state of the NV center absorb energy and transition to the excited state, causing the diamond NV center quantum sensor 102 to be in an excited state. The electrons in the excited state of the diamond NV center quantum sensor 102 are unstable and will undergo transitions, generating radiative emission and transitioning to the ground state. Some of the electrons in the excited state Ms=±1 directly radiatively transition to the ground state, but some undergo non-radiative transitions, decaying to a metastable state through an internal cross-relaxation process, and then non-radiatively transitioning back to the ground state.

[0033] Then, a microwave pulse is emitted by the microwave generator 104, which can manipulate the quantum state of the NV color center. This is because microwaves can excite the NV color center to transition between Ms=0 and Ms=±1. The frequency and phase of the microwave can be precisely controlled, thereby achieving precise manipulation of the quantum state of the NV color center, and thus converting the output signal of the diamond NV color center quantum sensor 102 into a quantum state.

[0034] The quantum trapping assembly 100 also includes a cryostat 103 for providing a cryogenic environment for the diamond NV center quantum sensor 102. Because the cryostat 103 creates a cryogenic environment, the optical properties of the diamond NV center are improved at low temperatures. Non-uniform broadening of energy levels is suppressed, making resonant excitation feasible. Simultaneously, the spontaneous emission process is less affected by phonons, and the emitted photons are more concentrated on the zero-phonon line, which facilitates efficient transfer and readout of quantum information between spin and photons, maintaining its quantum properties and measurement accuracy.

[0035] The quantum trapping assembly also includes a magnetic field generator 105 for generating a stable magnetic field environment. To improve the response of the NV centers in the diamond NV center quantum sensor 102 to microwaves emitted by the microwave generator 104, this embodiment proposes a continuous heterodyne microwave detection method. This method introduces a slightly stronger auxiliary microwave that interferes with the measured microwave, generating beat-frequency oscillations. The corresponding NV fluorescence also generates oscillations at the beat frequency, with an amplitude proportional to the amplitude of the measured microwave. This method is equivalent to "amplifying" the measured microwave with the auxiliary microwave, thereby significantly improving the measurement sensitivity of the NV center quantum sensor to microwave magnetic fields. Furthermore, the magnetic field generator 105 in this embodiment can emit a stable magnetic field to increase measurement accuracy.

[0036] The signal conversion component 200 includes a quantum mixer 203 for mixing quantum signals and microwave signals. The quantum mixer 203 is capable of converting the quantum signals into easily identifiable detection signals. For example... Figure 1As shown, the quantum mixer 203 is directly connected to the diamond NV color center quantum sensor 102, the microwave generator 104, the storage component 300, and the data analysis and processing component 400. The quantum mixer 203 utilizes nonlinear effects to multiply two input signals (microwave signal and quantum signal) of different frequencies to generate a new signal equal to the sum and difference of the original two frequencies. This process can be viewed as a frequency conversion process, where the frequency of the original signal is converted into another frequency, i.e., the difference between the original frequency and the newly introduced frequency. This conversion allows the quantum sensor to pinpoint any desired frequency without sacrificing the sensor's nanometer-level spatial resolution, thereby improving the accuracy of detection. In the quantum mixer 203, when the two signals (microwave signal and quantum signal) interact, the frequency of the field is transferred to the difference between the two signals. This means that by introducing a microwave signal of a known frequency, the frequency of the measured field can be converted into any frequency that the quantum sensor can tune, thereby achieving signal mixing and conversion. This allows the quantum mixer 203 to convert the received signal into a new signal that is easy to identify. At the same time, this design reduces other components, leaving only the quantum mixer 203, which simplifies system design, reduces system complexity and cost, and also enables a more compact design that is easy to deploy on various platforms and devices.

[0037] In use, the quantum entanglement light source 101 generates quantum entanglement light to excite the diamond NV center quantum sensor 102. The diamond NV center quantum sensor 102, which is in an excited state, receives the signal during the discharge process. Then, under the action of the microwave emitted by the microwave generator 104, it outputs the same quantum signal as in the partial discharge event and sends it to the quantum mixer 203. The quantum mixer 203 mixes the quantum signal emitted by the diamond NV center quantum sensor 102 with the microwave signal emitted by the microwave generator 104, and then outputs an easily identifiable electrical signal.

[0038] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 1.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] Reference Figure 2 This is the third embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the signal conversion component 200 further includes a signal acquisition card 201 connected to the diamond NV color center quantum sensor 102, which is used to acquire the output signal of the diamond NV color center quantum sensor 102.

[0041] The diamond NV center quantum sensor 102 is connected to a photodetector 202 via an optical fiber. The photodetector 202 is used to convert the fluorescence signal emitted by the diamond NV center quantum sensor 102 into an electrical signal. The photodetector 202 is connected to a quantum mixer 203.

[0042] The signal acquisition card 201 is connected to a storage component 300, which is used to store the detection signals. The storage component 300 is responsible for acquiring and storing relevant signals during the detection process, which contain information about the physical quantity to be measured. The storage component 300 can further process these signals to facilitate analysis and extraction of useful physical information.

[0043] A current amplifier 204 for amplifying the mixed signal is provided between the quantum mixer 203 and the signal acquisition card 201.

[0044] When the NV center in the diamond NV center quantum sensor 102 is irradiated by the quantum entanglement light generated by the quantum entanglement light source 101, it will emit fluorescence. The photodetector 202 can detect these fluorescence signals. Because these fluorescence signals are closely related to the electron spin state of the NV center, the photodetector 202 can detect the fluorescence changes after these laser pulses are excited, thereby realizing the optical detection and readout of the spin state of the NV center, and then outputting the signal emitted by the diamond NV center quantum sensor 102 to the quantum mixer 203.

[0045] The quantum mixer 203 mixes the signal detected by the photodetector 202 with the microwave signal from the microwave generator 104 to extract the partial discharge signal, which is then sent to the current amplifier 204. The current amplifier 204 contains a core component, a transistor, which has the ability to convert small current changes into large current changes, i.e., current amplification. When the input signal (small current) passes through the base of the transistor, it controls the current (large current) flowing between the collector and emitter, thereby amplifying the signal. The amplified signal is then sent to the signal acquisition card 201.

[0046] The signal acquisition card 201 can filter and visualize the received signals, which contain magnetic field information. Through filtering, the signal acquisition card 201 can reduce noise and improve the signal-to-noise ratio, thus making the magnetic field measurement more accurate. Simultaneously, the signal acquisition card 201 can convert the acquired electrical signals into digital signals that can be processed by a computer, facilitating subsequent data analysis and processing, and finally transmitting them to the storage component 300 and the data analysis and processing component 400.

[0047] In use, the photodetector 202 can detect the fluorescence signal emitted by the diamond NV color center quantum sensor 102, then read it out and send it to the quantum mixer 203. The quantum mixer 203 mixes the signal detected by the photodetector 202 with the microwave signal of the microwave generator 104 to extract the partial discharge signal, and then sends it to the current amplifier 204. After being amplified to an intensity that can be acquired and processed by the signal acquisition card 201, it is acquired by the signal acquisition card 201 and converted into a digital signal that can be processed by a computer. Finally, it is sent to the data analysis and processing component 400 for analysis and processing.

[0048] An environmental isolation component 500, connected to the quantum trapping component 100, is used to reduce the impact of external noise and interference on the quantum trapping component 100. The environmental isolation component 500 effectively suppresses the adverse effects of environmental noise on quantum state evolution, acting as a "filter" that removes some environmental noise. This is crucial for improving the performance of the diamond NV center quantum sensor 102, as environmental noise can interfere with the quantum state of the NV center, affecting the accuracy of measurement results. Furthermore, in quantum sensing technology based on gaseous atoms, collisions between atoms can severely affect electronic states. Although the NV center is a solid-state system, the environmental isolation component 500 protects the performance of the diamond NV center quantum sensor 102 by reducing physical contact with the surrounding environment and mitigating potential collision effects. This ensures that the diamond NV center quantum sensor 102 can perform measurements in a stable and controlled environment, guaranteeing the accuracy of its output data.

[0049] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 2.

[0050] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this utility model. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Without departing from the scope of this invention, other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0051] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of carrying out the present invention as currently considered, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the present invention) may be omitted.

[0052] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0053] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A partial discharge quantum detection system, characterized in that: include, A quantum trapping component (100), a signal conversion component (200) connected to the signal output terminal of the quantum trapping component (100); and, A data analysis and processing component (400) connected to the signal output terminal of the signal conversion component (200); The signal conversion component (200) converts the quantum signal of the quantum capture component (100) into a detection signal, and the data analysis and processing component (400) analyzes and processes the detection signal output by the signal conversion component (200).

2. The partial discharge quantum detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The quantum capture component (100) includes a quantum entangled light source (101), a diamond NV center quantum sensor (102), and a microwave generator (104). The quantum entangled light source (101) can control and excite the diamond NV center quantum sensor (102) to be in an excited state. The microwave generator (104) is connected to the output terminal of the diamond NV center quantum sensor (102) and converts the output signal of the diamond NV center quantum sensor (102) into a quantum state.

3. The partial discharge quantum detection system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The quantum capture assembly (100) also includes a cryogenic holder (103) that provides a cryogenic environment for the diamond NV color center quantum sensor (102).

4. The partial discharge quantum detection system as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The quantum capture assembly also includes a magnetic field generator (105) that can generate a stable magnetic field environment.

5. The partial discharge quantum detection system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The signal conversion component (200) includes a quantum mixer (203) that works simultaneously with the diamond NV center quantum sensor (102) and the microwave generator (104), and is capable of mixing the quantum signal output by the diamond NV center quantum sensor (102) and the microwave signal output by the microwave generator (104).

6. The partial discharge quantum detection system as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The signal conversion component (200) also includes a signal acquisition card (201) connected to the diamond NV center quantum sensor (102), which is capable of acquiring the output signal of the diamond NV center quantum sensor (102).

7. The partial discharge quantum detection system as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The diamond NV center quantum sensor (102) is connected to a photodetector (202) via an optical fiber. The photodetector (202) can convert the fluorescence signal emitted by the diamond NV center quantum sensor (102) into an electrical signal, and the photodetector (202) is connected to a quantum mixer (203).

8. The partial discharge quantum detection system as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The signal acquisition card (201) is connected to a storage component (300), which is capable of storing detection signals.

9. The partial discharge quantum detection system as described in claim 8, characterized in that: A current amplifier (204) is provided between the quantum mixer (203) and the signal acquisition card (201), and the current amplifier (204) can amplify the signal after mixing by the quantum mixer (203).

10. The partial discharge quantum detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an environmental isolation component (500) connected to the quantum capture component (100).

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