Quick heat exchange end structure, 3D printing head and 3D printing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a quick heat exchange end structure, a 3D printing head, a 3D printing device and a 3D printing method, the quick heat exchange end structure comprises a hot end, the hot end comprises an extrusion opening and a feeding pipeline, and the feeding pipeline sequentially comprises a heating section, a throat pipe section and a heat dissipation section; the base comprises a heating assembly, heat dissipation fins, a lower clamping mechanism used for fixing the heating section to the heating assembly and / or an upper clamping mechanism used for fixing the heat dissipation section to the heat dissipation fins; wherein the hot end is detachably connected to the base, the heating section and the heating assembly are correspondingly installed, and the heat dissipation section and the heat dissipation fins are installed in a contact mode. According to the utility model, the technical problem that the operation of replacing the corresponding structure is complicated when the nozzle of the printing head is blocked in the prior art is solved, and the phenomenon that the whole hot end deforms due to the deflection between the nozzle and the radiating fins caused by the deformation of the throat pipe part is avoided; and the shape, the size and the function of the whole structure of the hot end can be more easily maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of 3D printing technology, and in particular to a fast heat exchange end structure, a 3D print head, and a 3D printing device. Background Technology

[0002] 3D printing is a process that constructs objects by printing layer by layer based on digital model files. One such process is fused extrusion molding (FFF) or FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling), where flowable printing material is extruded through nozzles that move along the printing path, stacking layer by layer to form a 3D model. Based on the layer pattern information in the digital model file, the nozzle moves relative to the platform in the XY plane, allowing the nozzle to reach any position within a certain area above the platform. While moving above the platform, the nozzle extrudes printing material at an appropriate speed until one layer is printed. After one layer is completed, the print head and printing platform move away from each other by a certain distance, such as the layer thickness, before printing a new layer, stacking layer by layer until a 3D solid is formed. The nozzles of the print head may become clogged, which can cause great trouble for the use and maintenance of 3D printers. Replacing the nozzle requires heating the hot end or heating block to keep the resin in the nozzle molten before the nozzle can be removed from the heating block. In addition, some technical solutions have been proposed, such as replacing the entire print head, or replacing the nozzle, heating block, heater, temperature sensor and heat sink, or replacing the nozzle, heating block and heat sink, etc.

[0003] Existing technical solutions have shortcomings such as inconvenience in replacing the hot end, complex structure, high application cost, or low repeatability accuracy, and it is necessary to improve them. Utility Model Content

[0004] The existing 3D printer structure still has room for improvement. For example, changing the nozzle requires heating and melting the resin in the nozzle, and disassembling and installing the nozzle is extremely inconvenient. In addition, the heat sink is usually fixed to the print head. If the nozzle is directly rotated to loosen the nozzle screw from the heating block, the force will be increased, which can easily deform or damage the print head. Replacing the entire printhead would be very costly, requiring additional fixing mechanisms and increasing its weight. Replacing the entire assembly (nozzle, heating block, heater, temperature sensor, and heat sink) would require electrical connections between the heater and temperature sensor, creating additional conductive connectors and complicating the structure. Furthermore, the high power of the heating block would increase resistance in the conductive circuitry, potentially causing a circuit malfunction. Replacing the nozzle, heating block, and heat sink assembly would also require replacing the heat sink, resulting in unnecessary waste. Simply fixing the heating block to the printhead would leave the large heat sink in a cantilever position, prone to vibration during high-speed printhead movement and nozzle position drift, affecting printing reliability, speed, and accuracy. The throat section between the heating block and heat sink, designed to increase thermal resistance, has low structural strength, making the heating block and heat sink susceptible to deformation and component malfunction. Connecting the heat sink to the 3D printhead as well would be difficult due to the low strength of the throat section and potential positioning errors.

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technologies, this invention provides a fast heat exchange end structure, a 3D print head, a 3D printing device, and a 3D printing method, solving the technical problem of complex operation in replacing the corresponding structure when the nozzle of the print head is clogged in the existing technologies.

[0006] In a first aspect, this utility model discloses a fast heat exchange end structure, comprising:

[0007] The hot end includes an extrusion port for extruding printing material and a feeding pipe for conveying printing material to the extrusion port. The feeding pipe sequentially includes a heating section, a throat section, and a heat dissipation section. The heating section heats the printing material, the heat dissipation section dissipates heat from the feeding pipe, the throat section connects the heating section and the heat dissipation section, and the extrusion port is connected to the heating section. The printing material is conveyed from the heat dissipation section to the heating section, and the heat conduction from the heating section to the heat dissipation section is reduced. The printing material can be a filamentous resin material, such as PLA nylon or ABS filamentous combed material.

[0008] The base includes a heating assembly, heat dissipation fins, and a lower clamping mechanism for fixing the heating section to the heating assembly and / or an upper clamping mechanism for fixing the heat dissipation section to the heat dissipation fins; for example, the heating assembly is fixedly or movably connected to the heat dissipation fins via a small structure such as heat insulation material or a thin-walled steel pipe, or the heating assembly is fixed to the print head's print seat, and the heat dissipation fins are fixedly or movably connected to the print seat; or the heat dissipation fins or the base frame are the print head's print seat or nozzle seat, or the heat dissipation fins are movably connected to the print head's print seat; the heat dissipation fins dissipate heat by contacting a fluid, such as wind (gas) or liquid;

[0009] The hot end is detachably installed on the base. The heating section is installed correspondingly to the heating component. The corresponding installation can be contact installation or installation through a heat insulation structure. Contact installation can be direct contact or with thermal grease, thermal pad or other thermal medium in between. The heat dissipation section is installed in contact with the heat dissipation fins. It can be direct contact or with thermal grease, thermal pad or other thermal medium in between.

[0010] The hot end can consist of a heating block and a metal tube, with the metal tube inserted into the heating block at its upper end and an extrusion port at the lower end of the heating block. Alternatively, a nozzle can be installed at the lower end of the heating block, with an extrusion port at the lower end of the nozzle. Ideally, the metal tube and the extrusion port are coaxially aligned.

[0011] The heat dissipation fins can be fixedly or movably connected to the heating components. Multiple heating components can also be fixedly or movably connected to the heat dissipation fins respectively. Multiple hot ends are provided, with each hot end's heating block abutting or correspondingly installed with the heating seat of its respective heating component. The heat dissipation section of each hot end is connected to the heat dissipation fins.

[0012] A further improvement of the fast heat exchange end structure of this utility model is that the side of the heat dissipation fin has a laterally open heat dissipation surface for the heat dissipation section to contact and install; or, the heat dissipation fin is fixedly connected or movably connected to the heating component. The movable connection can be a flexible movable connection or a floating connection.

[0013] For example, the heat dissipation fin has a notch on its side for the heat dissipation section to be inserted; or the heat dissipation fin is provided with a semi-inner tubular heat dissipation surface that matches the cylindrical heat dissipation section; or the heat dissipation fin is provided with a planar heat dissipation surface; or an upper pressure cover is provided on the base for pressing the heat dissipation section against the heat dissipation fin; or a semi-inner tubular upper contact surface or a planar upper contact surface is provided on the upper pressure cover and the heat dissipation section is pressed onto the heat dissipation fin; or a temperature sensor is provided on the heat dissipation fin.

[0014] in,

[0015] The heat dissipation section is a cylindrical structure, and the heat dissipation section is fitted and installed in close contact with the semi-inner tubular heat dissipation surface on the heat dissipation fin.

[0016] Alternatively, the heat dissipation section may be equipped with a heat dissipation block, which is a plate-shaped structure, and the first surface of the heat dissipation block is attached to the heat dissipation surface of the heat dissipation fin.

[0017] Alternatively, the heat dissipation section may be equipped with a heat dissipation block, which is a plate-shaped structure, and the second side of the heat dissipation block is fitted and installed in contact with the heat dissipation surface of the upper cover;

[0018] Alternatively, the heat dissipation section is a cylindrical structure, and the heat dissipation surface of another semi-inner tube is installed on the upper pressure cover to fit against the heat dissipation section;

[0019] Alternatively, the heating component may be provided with a heating surface, and the heat dissipation fins may be elastically movable in a direction that is 90 degrees or 70 to 110 degrees from the heating surface.

[0020] The rapid heat exchange end structure of this utility model is further improved in that it includes two heat dissipation fins, namely a first heat dissipation fin and a second heat dissipation fin, at least one of which is movably connected to the base or heating assembly; wherein...

[0021] The first and second heat dissipation fins are elastically and movably connected to the base or heating assembly. The first and second heat dissipation fins are respectively provided with elastic elements. The first and second heat dissipation fins can rotate around their respective axes. The elastic elements provide elastic force to the first and second heat dissipation fins to swing towards each other or towards the direction of the hot end.

[0022] Alternatively, the first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin can rotate around their respective pivots, with the pivots having an angle of 0 degrees with the axis of the printing material conveying line of the heat dissipation section, and an error of no more than ±40°.

[0023] Alternatively, the first and second heat dissipation fins are respectively provided with heat dissipation surfaces that match the heat dissipation section. When the hot end is installed on the fast heat exchange end structure, the heat dissipation surface is in contact with the heat dissipation section, and / or, guide slopes are respectively provided on the side of the first and second heat dissipation fins facing the hot end for installation and removal. The two guide slopes form an opening shape that is larger on the outside and smaller on the inside, which makes it easier for the heat dissipation section of the hot end to be installed on the base after pushing the first and second heat dissipation fins apart when it is installed from the outside between the first and second heat dissipation fins.

[0024] Alternatively, it includes two heat dissipation fins, namely a first heat dissipation fin and a second heat dissipation fin, the first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin are movably connected to the base, the first heat dissipation fin and the second heat dissipation fin are respectively provided with a laterally open heat dissipation surface that matches the heat dissipation section, and the heat dissipation surface of the first heat dissipation fin and the heat dissipation surface of the second heat dissipation fin are respectively semi-circular tubes facing each other.

[0025] Alternatively, the first and second heat dissipation fins are elastically and movably connected to the base or heating assembly. The first and second heat dissipation fins are respectively provided with elastic elements. The first and second heat dissipation fins can rotate around their respective axes. The elastic elements provide elastic force to the first and second heat dissipation fins to swing towards each other or toward the direction of the hot end. When there is no hot end installed on the fast heat exchange end structure, the first and second heat dissipation fins abut against each other and are limited. Alternatively, the fast heat exchange end structure also includes a limiting part, and the two heat dissipation fins are limited by the limiting part.

[0026] Alternatively, the first and / or second heat dissipation fins are floatingly connected to the base or heating assembly, and the first and / or second heat dissipation fins are rotatably mounted on the upper swing arm of the first heat dissipation fin. The first and / or second heat dissipation fins are rotatably mounted on the base. When the hot end is installed on the fast heat exchange end structure, the first and / or second heat dissipation fins swing towards each other and contact the heat dissipation section of the hot end between them. The upper swing arm can swing towards the second heat dissipation fin and lock the second heat dissipation fin, so that the first and second heat dissipation fins lock the heat dissipation section of the hot end between them.

[0027] Alternatively, the first and / or second heat dissipation fins are floatingly connected to the base or heating assembly, and also include a rotatable upper swing arm disposed on the first heat dissipation fin. The second heat dissipation fin is provided with an upper locking part corresponding to the upper swing arm. The first and / or second heat dissipation fins are rotatably disposed on the base. When the hot end is installed on the fast heat exchange end structure, the first and / or second heat dissipation fins swing towards each other and contact the heat dissipation section of the hot end between them. The upper swing arm can swing towards the second heat dissipation fin and lock the upper locking part on the second heat dissipation fin, so that the first and second heat dissipation fins lock the heat dissipation section of the hot end between them.

[0028] Alternatively, the first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin can be translated (moved) relative to the base or heating component, and the translation direction of the first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin is at an angle of 90 degrees with the axis of the printing material conveying line of the heat dissipation section, with an error of no more than ±40°.

[0029] Alternatively, the first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin are respectively provided with elastic elements. The first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin can be translated relative to the base. The elastic elements act on their respective corresponding heat dissipation fins to provide elastic force for the two heat dissipation fins to move towards each other. The two heat dissipation fins are respectively provided with heat dissipation surfaces that match the heat dissipation section. When the hot end is installed on the fast heat exchange end structure, the heat dissipation surface is in contact with the heat dissipation section.

[0030] Alternatively, the first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin are respectively provided with elastic elements, and the first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin pair can be translated relative to the base. The elastic elements act on their respective corresponding heat dissipation fins to provide elastic force for the two heat dissipation fins to move towards each other. When there is no hot end installed on the fast heat exchange end structure, the first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin pair abut against each other and are limited. Or the fast heat exchange end structure also includes a limiting part, and the two heat dissipation fins are respectively limited by the limiting part.

[0031] Alternatively, the first and / or second heat dissipation fins are flexibly or floatingly connected to the base or heating assembly.

[0032] The quick heat exchange end structure of this utility model is further improved in that the upper clamping mechanism includes the upper pressure cover (upper pressure member) rotatably mounted on the base, and the swing rod assembly for fastening and fixing the upper pressure cover to the base;

[0033] Alternatively, the upper clamping mechanism includes an upper swing rod or upper pressure member for fixing the heat dissipation section to the open heat dissipation surface or the notch, the upper swing rod or upper pressure member swings and clamps onto the upper clamping part on the heat dissipation fin and presses against the heat dissipation section to contact and clamp onto the lateral open heat dissipation surface.

[0034] Alternatively, the upper clamping mechanism may include a magnetic suction assembly for fixing the heat sink to the planar heat dissipation surface;

[0035] Alternatively, the upper clamping mechanism includes an upper cover rotatably mounted on the base and a magnetic attachment assembly for securing the upper cover to the heat dissipation fins;

[0036] Alternatively, the upper clamping mechanism includes an upper pressing member rotatably mounted on the base about a first axis and an upper swing arm rotatably mounted on the base about a second axis. The angle between the first axis and the second axis is 0 degrees and the error is no greater than ±40°. The upper pressing member can swing to press against the heat dissipation section and press the heat dissipation section against the heat dissipation fins. The upper swing arm is used to swing above the upper pressing member to clamp the upper pressing member toward the heating component.

[0037] Alternatively, the upper clamping mechanism includes an upper cover, an upper swing arm, and an upper second swing arm rotatably mounted on the base. The upper swing arm can swing about an axis on the base, and the upper second swing arm can rotate about the upper swing arm. The upper second swing arm is provided with a protruding structure for pressing the upper cover and the heat dissipation section against the heat dissipation fin.

[0038] Alternatively, the upper clamping mechanism includes an upper pressure cover and an elastic member that are movable relative to the heat dissipation fin, the elastic member being used to press the upper pressure cover and the heat dissipation section against the heat dissipation fin;

[0039] Alternatively, the upper clamping mechanism includes an upper swing arm, an upper second swing arm, and an upper pressing member for fixing the heat dissipation section to the heat dissipation fin. The upper swing arm can swing about a first axis on the base, the upper pressing member can swing about a second axis on the base located on a side of the base away from the first axis relative to the heat dissipation section, the upper second swing arm can rotate about the upper swing arm, and the upper second swing arm is provided with a protruding structure for pressing the upper pressing member and the heat dissipation section against the heat dissipation fin.

[0040] Alternatively, the upper clamping mechanism includes an upper pressing member and an elastic member, the elastic member applying a force to the upper pressing member to press against the heat dissipation section and against the heat dissipation fins; or the upper clamping mechanism includes a movably mounted heat dissipation fin and an elastic member, the elastic member applying a force to the movably mounted heat dissipation fin to make the movably mounted heat dissipation fin swing or move against the heat dissipation section in the direction of the heat dissipation fin to clamp the heat dissipation section; or the upper clamping mechanism includes a heat dissipation fin, a limiting structure and an elastic member, the elastic force provided by the elastic member causing the heat dissipation fin to swing or move in the direction of the heat dissipation section where the hot end is mounted, and to be limited by the limiting structure against the heat dissipation section.

[0041] The quick-heat-exchange end structure of this utility model is further improved in that it includes two hot ends, two heating components are provided on the base, and the heat dissipation fins have two heat dissipation surfaces. The heating sections of the two hot ends are respectively installed correspondingly to or respectively attached to the heating surfaces of the two heating components, and the heat dissipation sections of the two hot ends are respectively attached to the two heat dissipation surfaces on the heat dissipation fins; or, the quick-heat-exchange end structure includes two hot ends, two heating components and two heat dissipation fins are provided on the base, and the heating sections of the two hot ends are respectively installed correspondingly to or respectively attached to the two heating components. The heating surfaces are attached, and the heat dissipation sections of the two hot ends are respectively attached to the two heat dissipation surfaces on the two heat dissipation fins, and at least one heat dissipation fin can be elastically moved or floated on the base; or, the quick-change heat end structure includes one hot end and another hot end, and the other hot end includes a secondary extrusion port and a heating section connected in sequence, the heat dissipation fins are provided with heat dissipation surfaces, the base is provided with two heating components, the heating sections of the hot end and the heating sections of the other hot end are respectively installed correspondingly to the two heating components or respectively attached to the heating surfaces of the two heating components, and the heat dissipation section of the hot end is attached to the heat dissipation surface on the heat dissipation fin; wherein,

[0042] The lower clamping mechanism fixes the heating sections of the two hot ends to the two heating components respectively; or, the lower clamping mechanism includes a first lower clamping mechanism and a second lower clamping mechanism, the first lower clamping mechanism fixing the heating section of one of the hot ends to one of the heating components, and the second lower clamping mechanism fixing the heating section of the other hot end to the other heating component.

[0043] The quick-heat-exchange end structure of this utility model is further improved in that it includes a hot end and a secondary hot end, and the secondary hot end includes a secondary extrusion port and a secondary heating section connected in sequence. Two heating components are provided on the base, and the heating section of the hot end and the secondary heating section of the secondary hot end are respectively installed correspondingly to the two heating components or respectively attached to the heating surfaces of the two heating components.

[0044] In this configuration, the secondary extrusion port of the secondary heating end is inclined toward the extrusion port of the heating end, and / or the second feed tube for conveying printing material to the secondary heating end is inclined above the secondary heating end toward the first feed tube for conveying printing material to the heating end; or, the secondary heating end includes a tube bent toward the heating end, and a groove corresponding to the bent tube is provided on the heating component corresponding to the secondary heating end for abutting the bent tube; or, the secondary heating end is used to print continuous fiber printing material, and the secondary heating section relative to the secondary heating end on the continuous fiber printing material conveying line has a gap on the side away from the secondary extrusion port for allowing the cutter to cut the continuous fiber printing material.

[0045] A further improvement of the fast heat exchange end structure of this utility model lies in that the base is provided with a cooling mechanism for dissipating heat from the heat dissipation fins. This cooling mechanism can be a fan, an air vent, or a coolant circulation pipe. A fan or air vent can be installed on the base, fixedly connected to the heat dissipation fins, to blow air onto the heat dissipation fins and thus dissipate heat from the heat dissipation section of the hot end. Alternatively, a coolant circulation pipe can be installed on the heat dissipation fins, allowing liquid fluid (such as water, oil, or fluorinated liquid) to flow through the heat dissipation fins and thus dissipate heat from the heat dissipation section of the hot end.

[0046] The quick heat exchange end structure of this utility model is further improved in that the heating section is installed in contact with the heating component or installed at intervals through a heat insulation structure.

[0047] Alternatively, the heating section is a cylindrical structure, and the heating section is fitted and installed in contact with the semi-inner tubular heating surface on the heating assembly;

[0048] Alternatively, the heating section may be provided with a heating block, which is a plate-shaped structure, and the heating assembly may include a heating base, wherein the first surface of the heating block is fitted and installed in contact with the planar heating surface of the heating base;

[0049] Alternatively, the heating assembly includes a heating base with a first heating surface and a second heating surface. A heating block is provided in the heating section, with a first surface and a second surface on the heating block corresponding to the first heating surface and the second heating surface on the heating base, respectively. When the hot end is installed on the heating assembly, the first surface and the second surface on the heating block are respectively attached to or corresponding to the first heating surface and the second heating surface on the heating base. Wherein, the first heating surface and the second heating surface are two adjacent surfaces with an angle of 90 degrees between them, with an error not exceeding ±45°; or the first heating surface and the second heating surface are two opposing surfaces with an angle of 0 degrees between them, with an error not exceeding ±45°.

[0050] Alternatively, the heating assembly includes a heating base and a pressing member. Another heating base and a heating surface are provided on the pressing member. The heating section is provided with a heating block. A first surface and a second surface are provided on the heating block. The angle between the first surface and the second surface is 0 degrees, and the error is no greater than ±45°. When the hot end is installed on the heating assembly, the first surface and the second surface on the heating block are respectively attached to or correspondingly installed with the heating surface on the heating base and the heating surface on the pressing member.

[0051] Alternatively, the heating block is a cylindrical structure, and the heating base is provided with a semi-inner tubular heating surface that matches the heating block. The cylindrical heating block is fitted and installed in close contact with the semi-inner tubular heating surface of the heating base.

[0052] Alternatively, the heating block may be cylindrical, and the heating surface of the heating base may be a circular hole structure that mates with the heating block.

[0053] Alternatively, the heating section, throat section, and heat dissipation section are all circular tube structures, and the outer diameter of the heating section and heat dissipation section is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the throat section; or the heating section is equipped with a heating block, and the throat section and heat dissipation section are all circular tube structures, and the outer diameter of the heat dissipation section is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the throat section.

[0054] Alternatively, a protective cover can be installed on the outside of the heating element;

[0055] Alternatively, the heating element can transfer heat to the heating section through thermal conduction, or the heating element can heat the heating section through electromagnetic induction.

[0056] The quick heat exchange end structure of this utility model is further improved in that the base also includes a lower pressure cover, which has a lower contact surface that matches the second surface of the heating block. The lower pressure cover is attached to the second surface of the heating block and presses the heating block against the heating assembly; or, the lower pressure cover has a semi-inner tubular lower contact surface that matches the heating section of the cylindrical structure. The lower pressure cover is attached to the heating section of the cylindrical structure and presses the heating section against the heating assembly.

[0057] Alternatively, it may include a bracket to which the hot end is mounted (fixed), and the bracket to which the base is mounted (fixed). In this configuration, the hot end may also have heat dissipation fins. This solution is particularly suitable for situations where the base is located deep or in a narrow space on the print head, making it inconvenient to reach in and remove the hot end. A heater and / or a fan may also be installed on the bracket. The heater heats the second side of the heating block relative to the first side, increasing the heating power. The fan blows air to dissipate heat from the heat dissipation fins. This is particularly suitable for situations where it is not appropriate to place the fan in other positions on the print head, or for situations where it is necessary to place the fan on the same side as the hot end for replacement.

[0058] Alternatively, a lower pressure cover (lower pressure member) is provided on the base for pressing the heating section against the heating assembly. The lower clamping mechanism includes the lower pressure cover rotatably mounted on the base and a swing arm assembly (lower swing arm) for fastening and fixing the lower pressure cover to the heating assembly. The lower pressure cover or lower pressure member can rotate around a first axis, and the lower swing arm can rotate around a second axis. The included angle between the first axis and the second axis is 0 degrees, and the error is no greater than ±40°.

[0059] Alternatively, a lower pressure cover is provided on the base for pressing the heating section against the heating assembly. The lower clamping mechanism includes the lower pressure cover (lower pressure member), a lower swing arm, and a lower second swing arm, which are rotatably mounted on the base. The lower swing arm can swing about an axis on the base, and the lower second swing arm can rotate about the lower swing arm. A protruding structure is provided on the lower second swing arm for pressing the lower pressure cover and the heating section against the heating assembly.

[0060] Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressure cover (lower pressure member) movable relative to the heating assembly and an elastic member, the elastic member being used to press the lower pressure cover and the heating section against the heating assembly;

[0061] Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower lever for fixing the heating section to the heating assembly and a groove (slot) for positioning the lower lever.

[0062] Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower swing arm, a lower second swing arm, and a lower pressing member for fixing the heating section to the heating assembly. The lower swing arm can swing about an axis on the base, and the lower pressing member can swing about another axis on the base. The axis of the lower swing arm and the axis of the lower pressing member make an angle of 0 degrees with an error of no more than ±40°. The lower swing arm and the lower pressing member are respectively disposed on both sides of the heating assembly or the hot end. The lower second swing arm can rotate about the lower swing arm, and the lower second swing arm is used to press the lower pressing member and the heating section against the heating assembly.

[0063] Alternatively, the heating section (heating block) may be a cylindrical structure, and the heating surface of the heating base may be a circular hole structure that mates with the heating block. The lower clamping mechanism may include a lower swing rod and a lower second swing rod rotatably mounted on the base. The lower swing rod and the lower second swing rod are pressed against the annular groove-shaped positioning part on the heating block by an elastic member. Alternatively, a push rod may be provided in a hole on the side wall of the heating base. The push rod is driven by a cam or an elastic member to press against the annular groove-shaped positioning part on the heating block. Alternatively, an elastic member and a small ball at the end may be provided in a hole on the side wall of the heating base. The small ball is pressed against the annular groove-shaped positioning part on the heating block by the elastic member.

[0064] Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower swing arm or lower pressing member rotatably mounted on the base. The rotation axis of the lower swing arm or lower pressing member forms a 90-degree angle with the heating surface on the heating assembly, with an error of no more than ±45°. The lower swing arm or lower pressing member has a protruding structure or the heating section has a protruding structure. When the lower swing arm or lower pressing member is rotated to the position above the heating section, the protruding structure is located between the lower swing arm or lower pressing member and the heating section, pressing the heating section against the heating base.

[0065] Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower swing arm and a lower second swing arm rotatably mounted on the base. The axis of rotation of the lower swing arm is located on the side of the heating surface of the heating segment (heating block) facing the heating assembly. The lower second swing arm can rotate around the lower swing arm, and a protruding structure is provided on the lower second swing arm. The lower swing arm drives the lower second swing arm to rotate to the side of the heating segment (heating block) away from the heating surface. The lower second swing arm presses the heating segment (heating block) against the heating assembly through the protruding structure.

[0066] Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower swing arm and a lower pressure member for fixing the heating section (heating block) to the heating assembly. The lower swing arm can swing about a first axis on the base, and the lower pressure member can swing about a second axis on the base. The included angle between the first axis and the second axis is 0 degrees, with an error of no more than ±40°. The lower swing arm and the lower pressure member are respectively disposed on both sides of the heating assembly or the hot end. The lower pressure member can swing towards the heating assembly to press the heating section against the heating assembly, and the lower swing arm can swing towards the heating assembly or the hot end to clamp the lower pressure member.

[0067] Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower swing arm and a lower pressing member rotatably mounted on the base. The axis of rotation of the lower swing arm forms a 90-degree angle with the heating surface on the heating assembly, with an error of no more than ±45°. The axis of rotation of the lower pressing member forms a 0-degree angle with the heating surface on the heating assembly, with an error of no more than ±40°. When the lower pressing member rotates to the position above the heating section, it presses the heating section against the heating assembly. When the lower swing arm rotates to the position above the lower pressing member, it presses the lower pressing member and the heating section against the heating assembly.

[0068] Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressing member and an elastic member rotatably mounted on the base. The rotating shaft of the lower pressing member is located on the side away from the hot end relative to the heating assembly. The lower pressing member is provided with a clamping part for clamping the hot end. The clamping part is located on the side away from the heating assembly or the rotating shaft relative to the hot end. The elastic member applies a spring force to the lower pressing member, causing the lower pressing member to swing towards the hot end.

[0069] Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressing member and an elastic member. The lower pressing member is located on the side away from the heating component from the hot end. The lower pressing member can move relative to the heating component. The elastic member is used to apply a spring force to the lower pressing member so that the lower pressing member tends to move towards the hot end.

[0070] Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a heating component and an elastic element, the elastic element applying a force to the heating component to cause the heating component to move or swing toward the direction of the hot end;

[0071] Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressing member and an elastic member. The elastic member applies a force to the lower pressing member, causing the lower pressing member to move or swing toward the direction of the hot end to be installed. A toggle part is provided on the lower pressing member.

[0072] Alternatively, the fast heat exchange end structure may also include a lever, a lower pressing member provided by the lower clamping mechanism and / or an upper pressing member provided by the upper clamping mechanism, the lower pressing member and / or the upper pressing member being movably or swingably mounted on the base, and a levering part provided on the lower pressing member and / or the upper pressing member, through the relative movement of the base and the lever, the lever can lever the levering part to open or clamp the lower pressing member and / or the upper pressing member;

[0073] Alternatively, the quick heat exchange end structure also includes a lever, and the lower clamping mechanism includes two lower pressing parts. The two lower pressing parts are movably or swingably mounted on the base and located on both sides of the hot end or heating assembly. Each of the two lower pressing parts is provided with a lever. Through the relative movement of the base and the lever, the lever can simultaneously move the two levers toward each other in a direction of approach or away from each other to open or clamp the two lower pressing parts.

[0074] Alternatively, the quick heat exchange end structure may also include a pusher, and the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressing member that is rotatably mounted on the base. The rotating shaft of the lower pressing member is perpendicular to the pushing direction of the pusher or perpendicular to the heating surface of the heating component or parallel to the mounting direction of the hot end on the base. The lower pressing member is provided with a clamping part and a pushing part, and the clamping part and the pushing part are arranged at an angle offset around the rotating shaft of the lower pressing member.

[0075] Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressing member rotatably mounted on the base, and a lower clamping part corresponding to the lower pressing member. The rotating shaft of the lower pressing member and the lower clamping part are respectively arranged on both sides of the hot end or the heating assembly. When the hot end is installed on the quick heat exchange end structure, the lower pressing member swings toward the hot end or the lower clamping part and clamps itself onto the lower clamping part, so that the lower pressing member presses against the heating section of the hot end and is attached to or correspondingly installed on the heating assembly.

[0076] Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressing member and an elastic member rotatably mounted on the base. A protrusion or groove structure is provided on the heating section of the hot end, and an abutment is provided on the lower pressing member. The abutment is a structure or roller adapted to the protrusion or groove structure. The elastic member acts as a spring force to swing the lower pressing member toward the hot end. When the lower pressing member presses the hot end, the abutment is in contact with the inclined side of one side of the protrusion or groove structure, so that the lower pressing member clamps the hot end onto the heating assembly.

[0077] Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a magnetic suction component for securing the heating section (heating block) to the heating assembly;

[0078] Alternatively, the upper part of the heating section (heating block) is provided with a first positioning part in the shape of a protrusion, and the heating seat is provided with a first positioning part in the shape of a groove that cooperates with the first positioning part;

[0079] Alternatively, the heating section (heating block) may have a groove or hole-shaped second positioning part on its side, and the heating seat may have a second positioning part that mates with the second positioning part and is in the form of a boss or cylinder.

[0080] Alternatively, a third positioning part is provided on the side of the heating section (heating block), and a third positioning part is provided on the side of the heating seat that is adapted to the third positioning part and is in the form of a protrusion.

[0081] Alternatively, the first surface of the heating block is provided with a groove-shaped fourth positioning part, and the heating surface of the heating seat is provided with a fourth positioning part that is adapted to the fourth positioning part and is in the form of a protrusion.

[0082] Alternatively, positioning holes can be provided on the heating block, and positioning pins corresponding to the positioning holes can be provided on the heating base; or positioning pins can be provided on the heating block, and positioning holes corresponding to the positioning pins can be provided on the heating base.

[0083] The heating assembly is equipped with a heater; and / or, the lower pressure cover or the bracket is equipped with a secondary temperature sensor and / or a secondary heater; and / or, the heating assembly or the lower clamping mechanism is equipped with a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the heating section. When the heating block can be a plate-like structure, its first surface is in contact with the heating surface of the heating seat of the heating assembly. A temperature sensor can also be installed on the heating surface to detect the temperature of the heating seat or heating block. A temperature sensor can also be installed on the second surface of the heating block (opposite to the first surface) to detect the temperature of the heating block on the second surface. Installing temperature sensors on both sides of the heating block is both safe and accurate; for example, the average value of the two temperature sensors can be used as the temperature value of the heating block. If the heating block has poor contact with the heating assembly, the temperature on the second surface will be significantly abnormal and will be detected. If the temperature of the heating assembly is detected on the first surface to reflect the temperature of the heating block, the true temperature of the heating block cannot be reflected if there is no reliable contact between the heating block and the heating assembly. Even if the temperature of the heating block is detected on the first surface, it is easily affected by the temperature of the heating assembly, affecting the accuracy and reliability of the temperature detection. Electrical connection terminals can also be provided to connect with electrical terminals on the base. Ideally, the electrical terminals on the bracket and the electrical terminals on the base should be connected using flexible terminals. Another heating seat can also be provided on the second side of the heating block, allowing simultaneous heating of both sides of the heating block and accelerating the heating process.

[0084] The quick-exchange heat exchange end structure of this utility model is further improved by providing a detection sensor on the base for detecting whether the heat exchange end is installed on the base or whether the lower clamping mechanism and / or the upper clamping mechanism is clamped in place.

[0085] Alternatively, a temperature sensor can be installed on the heat sink fins to detect the temperature of the heat sink section.

[0086] Alternatively, a heater can be installed on the heating assembly; the heater can be a resistance heater or an electromagnetic induction heater.

[0087] Alternatively, the heating element and / or heat dissipation fins are mounted on the base in a swingable or movable manner, and the angle between the direction of movement of the heating element and / or heat dissipation fins and the axis of the feeding pipe at the hot end is 90 degrees, with an error of no more than ±45° or no more than ±30°.

[0088] Alternatively, the heat dissipation fins may be flexibly or floatingly connected to the base, or the heat dissipation fins may be flexibly or floatingly connected to the heating assembly.

[0089] Alternatively, the radiator is provided with a heat dissipation surface, and the heating component is provided with a heating surface. The angle between the heat dissipation surface and / or the heating surface and the moving path of the hot end to be installed on or removed from the base is 0 degrees or 90 degrees, with an error of no more than ±40°.

[0090] Alternatively, it may also include a base frame, with heat dissipation fins fixedly or movably connected to the base frame, and heating components fixedly or movably connected to the base frame.

[0091] Secondly, this utility model also provides a 3D printing head, including the fast heat exchange end structure as described above, an extruder for conveying filament printing material along the axial direction of the printing material to a heat dissipation section of the hot end, and a printing base, wherein the extruder and the base are connected to the printing base. For example, the base is fixedly connected to the printing base.

[0092] Thirdly, this utility model also provides a 3D printing head, including the fast heat exchange end structure as described above, a secondary hot end, a printing base, and a nozzle seat. The nozzle seat is rotatably mounted relative to the printing base. The base is provided with two heating components and is fixedly connected to the nozzle seat. The secondary hot end includes a secondary extrusion port and a secondary heating section connected in sequence. The hot end of the fast heat exchange end structure is used to extrude plastic printing material, and the secondary hot end is used to extrude continuous fiber printing material. The secondary extrusion port (second extrusion port) of the secondary hot end is inclined toward the extrusion port (first extrusion port) of the hot end, and / or the second feed pipe for conveying printing material to the secondary hot end is inclined above the secondary hot end toward the first feed pipe for conveying printing material to the hot end. This allows the two extrusion ports to be closer to each other, and the horizontal distance between them is reduced. The height difference in both the distance and vertical direction can be precisely controlled by machining, avoiding errors caused by assembly. The heating section of the hot end of the extruded plastic printing material is installed in contact with or corresponding to a heating component on the base. The auxiliary heating section of the secondary hot end of the extruded continuous fiber printing material is installed in contact with or corresponding to another heating component on the base. The heat dissipation section of the hot end, i.e. the hot end of the extruded plastic printing material, is installed in contact with the heat dissipation fins. Along the conveying line of the continuous fiber printing material, on the side of the heating section of the auxiliary hot end away from the auxiliary extrusion port, there is a gap for cutting the continuous fiber printing material by a cutter and / or the extrusion port (first extrusion port) of the hot end. The distance between the axis of the nozzle seat and the axis of rotation of the nozzle seat is 0mm and the angle is 0 degrees. The distance error is not greater than ±10mm and the angle error is not greater than ±40°.

[0093] A through-hole is provided on the nozzle holder, through which flexible first and second feed tubes pass to deliver filamentous printing material to the two hot ends, respectively. Furthermore, the upper ends of the first and second feed tubes can be connected to a material platform that rotates with the nozzle holder. A cutter can also be provided to cut the printing material in the gap above the hot ends, facilitating hot end replacement or cutting continuous fiber printing material according to instructions.

[0094] Fourthly, this utility model also provides a 3D printing device, including a 3D print head, a printing platform, and a line-angle coupling transmission mechanism as described above. The 3D print head is mounted relative to the printing platform, and the hot end of the 3D print head extrudes printing material onto the printing platform to form a three-dimensional model; wherein,

[0095] When the 3D printing apparatus includes a 3D printing head as described in the second aspect above, the extruder (feeder) of the 3D printing head includes at least two rotating rollers, wherein at least one rotating roller is an extrusion roller. The rotating roller is configured to drive the printing material between the rotating rollers through the heat dissipation section, throat section and heating section of the hot end to the extrusion port and then extruded. The extrusion roller is connected to the linkage wheel of the linear angle coupling transmission mechanism for transmission or is fixedly connected to it coaxially. The angle between the axis of the linkage wheel and the printing platform is 0 degrees with an error of no more than ±40°, or the angle between the axis of the linkage wheel and the printing platform is 90 degrees with an error of no more than ±40°.

[0096] When the 3D printing apparatus includes the 3D printing head as described in the third aspect above, the nozzle seat is coaxially fixed to the linkage wheel of the linear coupling transmission mechanism, the angle between the axis of the linkage wheel and the printing platform is 90 degrees and the error is no greater than ±40° and / or the linkage wheel is provided with a through hole for flexible lines to pass through; the flexible lines may include a first feed tube and / or a second feed tube, and may also include wires or air supply tubes; and / or, the printing base moves via a guide rail, the linkage wheel of the linear coupling transmission mechanism is rotatably connected to the printing base, the linear coupling transmission mechanism also includes a left synchronous belt and a right synchronous belt, the left synchronous belt and the right synchronous belt mesh with the linkage wheel on opposite sides of the linkage wheel, the printing base includes an upper horizontal plate, a lower horizontal plate and a column, the column connects the upper horizontal plate and the lower horizontal plate to form a whole, the column is disposed between the left synchronous belt and the right synchronous belt or disposed outside the left synchronous belt and the right synchronous belt.

[0097] Fifthly, this utility model also provides a 3D printing device, including the fast heat exchange end structure as described above, a temperature sensor disposed on the base for detecting the temperature of the heat dissipation section, and a cooling mechanism for dissipating heat from the heat dissipation fins, wherein the cooling mechanism is a fan, an air vent, or a coolant circulation pipeline.

[0098] The fan speed, airflow rate at the air outlet, or coolant flow rate are controlled based on the signal feedback from the temperature sensor, so that the temperature of the heat dissipation section is maintained at a preset value or preset range.

[0099] Or, including the fast heat exchange end structure as described above and a detection sensor provided on the base for detecting whether the heat end is installed on the base or whether the lower clamping mechanism and / or the upper clamping mechanism is clamped in place;

[0100] Before heating the heating component, the trigger signal of the detection sensor must be detected.

[0101] Sixthly, this utility model also provides a 3D printing device, including a print head and a pusher. The print head is equipped with the aforementioned fast heat exchange end structure. The fast heat exchange end structure includes a lower pressing member disposed on a lower clamping mechanism and / or an upper pressing member disposed on an upper clamping mechanism. The lower pressing member and / or the upper pressing member are provided with a pusher portion. It also includes an elastic member, which applies an elastic force to the lower pressing member or the upper pressing member, causing the lower pressing member or the upper pressing member to swing or move towards the direction of the heat exchange end.

[0102] When the hot end is to be removed or installed, the print head moves to the corresponding position of the pusher. Through the relative movement of the print head and the pusher, the pusher pushes the pusher part of the lower pressure member and / or the upper pressure member, so that the lower pressure member and / or the upper pressure member are pushed apart against the force of the elastic member.

[0103] Alternatively, it may include a drive mechanism for driving the dial element. When it is not necessary to remove or install the hot end, the drive mechanism moves the dial element to a retracted state. When it is necessary to remove or install the hot end, the drive mechanism drives the dial element to extend.

[0104] Alternatively, it may include a drive mechanism for driving the toggle switch, which drives the toggle switch to move the toggle part when the hot end needs to be removed or installed.

[0105] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are positive and significant. For example, the possible effects are as follows:

[0106] Quick-change hot end allows for rapid maintenance when the extruder (or nozzle) is clogged, or efficiently handles the need to replace extruders of different diameters or materials. The hot end replacement process requires no heating and can be performed quickly while the nozzle is cold, significantly improving the maintenance and application efficiency of 3D printers. Alternatively, since the hot end is a consumable and lacks heat sinks, application costs are significantly reduced. The absence of heat sinks allows for a compact structure, requiring only a small replacement space on the print head, thus reducing print head size and weight. Furthermore, the throat section is less prone to deformation that could cause misalignment between the nozzle and heat sinks, ensuring the overall stability of the hot end's shape and size and optimal functionality. Alternatively, the heat sinks can be fixed to the base, facilitating optimized airflow or coolant circuitry for heat dissipation. Larger heat sinks or larger surface areas are also easier to achieve. For air-cooled systems, this reduces fan power, and coolant-based cooling is also easier to implement, resulting in superior heat dissipation. Alternatively, the hot end can be fixed to the print head via a heating block, while the compact heat dissipation section structure facilitates quick and precise connection with the heat dissipation fins. This results in a more stable structure where the hot end is fixed to the print head. During printing, the heat dissipation fins no longer act as a cantilevered weight on the hot end but instead provide support, leading to a more stable and reliable printing process and improved printing speed and accuracy. It also makes it easier to achieve compact, quick-change hot end structures or 3D print heads with multiple hot ends (i.e., multiple extrusion outlets or nozzles). Attached Figure Description

[0107] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0108] Figure 1a This is a schematic diagram of the first type of fast heat exchanger structure in the open state.

[0109] Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram showing the hot end placed in the base.

[0110] Figure 1c This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the clamping mechanism after it has been clamped.

[0111] Figure 1d This is a schematic diagram showing the state after another clamping mechanism has been clamped.

[0112] Figure 1e This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-section along the hot end feeding path.

[0113] Figure 1f A schematic diagram of a cross-section of the heat dissipation fins, which dissipate heat from the coolant and are fed along the axis of the hot end feed path.

[0114] Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of the second type of fast heat exchanger structure in the open state.

[0115] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram showing the state after the hot end is placed in the base and the clamping mechanism is engaged.

[0116] Figure 2c This is a schematic diagram showing the hot end placed in the base and the clamping mechanism open.

[0117] Figure 3a This is a schematic diagram of the third type of fast heat exchanger structure in the open state.

[0118] Figure 3b This is a schematic diagram showing the state after the hot end is placed in the base and the clamping mechanism is engaged.

[0119] Figure 3c This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section after the hot end is placed in the base and the clamping mechanism is engaged.

[0120] Figure 3d This is a schematic diagram showing that the hot end is made of a metal tube and placed on a base.

[0121] Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram of the fourth type of fast heat exchanger structure in the open state.

[0122] Figure 4b This is a schematic diagram showing the state after the hot end is placed on the base and the clamping mechanism is engaged.

[0123] Figure 4c This is a schematic diagram showing the state after the heat dissipation fins have dissipated heat through the coolant, the hot end is placed on the base, and the clamping mechanism has locked in place.

[0124] Figure 5a This is a schematic diagram of the fifth type of fast heat exchanger structure in the open state.

[0125] Figure 5b This is a schematic diagram of the side view after the hot end is placed in the base and the clamping mechanism is engaged.

[0126] Figure 5c This is a schematic diagram showing the installation state of the hot end of another structure of the fifth type of fast heat exchanger.

[0127] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth type of fast heat exchanger structure in the open state.

[0128] Figure 7a This is a schematic diagram of the seventh type of fast heat exchanger structure in the open state.

[0129] Figure 7bThis is a schematic diagram showing the state after the hot end is placed on the base and the clamping mechanism is engaged.

[0130] Figure 8a This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a 3D printing head and a 3D printing device.

[0131] Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing head structure and an eighth type of fast heat exchanger structure.

[0132] Figure 9a This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of another 3D printing head and 3D printing device.

[0133] Figure 9b This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the ninth type of fast heat exchanger structure being inserted into the heat exchanger and secured.

[0134] Figure 9c This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fast heat exchanger structure from another perspective.

[0135] Figure 9d This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the feed pipeline along the two hot ends of the quick-heat exchanger structure.

[0136] Figure 9e This is a schematic diagram showing the clamping mechanism in the open state with the hot end located outside the quick heat exchanger structure.

[0137] Figure 10a This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the tenth type of fast heat exchanger structure being inserted into the hot end and secured.

[0138] Figure 10b This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fast heat exchanger structure without a hot end installed.

[0139] Figure 10c This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the hot end.

[0140] Figure 11a This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the eleventh type of fast heat exchanger structure without the heat exchanger installed.

[0141] Figure 11b This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fast heat exchanger structure from a rear view.

[0142] Figure 11c This is a top view of the fast heat exchanger structure.

[0143] Figure 12a This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the twelfth type of fast heat exchanger structure without the heat exchanger installed.

[0144] Figure 12b This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the fast heat exchanger structure.

[0145] Figure 13a This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the twelfth type of fast heat exchanger structure without the heat exchanger installed.

[0146] Figure 13b A cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the installation of the heat exchanger in another type of fast heat exchanger structure.

[0147] Figure 13c This is a top view of a fast heat exchanger structure with a bidirectional movable lever. Detailed Implementation

[0148] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0149] Figures 1a to 1f The diagram illustrates a fast-exchange heat exchanger structure, including a hot end 10 and a base 20. The hot end 10 includes an extrusion port 11 and a feeding pipe extending upward from the extrusion port 11. This feeding pipe is used to convey printing material to the extrusion port 11. The feeding pipe, extending upward from the extrusion port 11, includes a heating section 12, a throat section 13, and a heat dissipation section 14. A heating block 15 may also be provided on the heating section 12. The base 20 includes a heating assembly 21 and heat dissipation fins (or heat dissipation plates) 22. The heating assembly 21 includes a heating seat 211, which may have a heating surface 2111. The heat dissipation fins 22 may have a heat dissipation surface 221, which may be a laterally open heat dissipation surface. The heat dissipation fins 22 can dissipate heat through contact with a fluid, such as air or liquid.

[0150] The heat dissipation fins 22 can be fixedly or movably connected to the base 20 (e.g., base frame 201).

[0151] Alternatively, a fan 225 may be included, mounted on the side of the heat sink fins 22 away from the hot end 10 where they are installed or removed, for blowing air toward the heat sink fins (22, 22a, or 22b) toward the side where the hot end 10 is installed or removed. Figure 1e , Figure 5c , Figure 10b , Figure 11a , Figure 11c or Figure 12a As shown; or, the fan 225 is mounted on the base 20 or the heat sink 22 in a direction perpendicular to the installation or removal direction of the hot end 10, for blowing air toward the heat sink 22, as shown. Figure 4a and Figure 4bAs shown, fan 225 is mounted on the side opposite the heat sink fins where it is installed or removed from the hot end, and fan 225 is mounted on a movable or swingable frame. When it is necessary to install or remove (remove) the hot end 10, fan 225 is moved away by moving or swinging the frame. This movable frame can be a movable heat sink fin (such as heat sink fins 22, 22a, or 22b) or an upper cover 41, which can also be considered a movable heat sink fin, for example... Figure 1e The upper cover 41 can be considered as a movable frame or heat dissipation fins 22. The fan 225 can be installed on the upper cover 41. When installing or removing the hot end 10, the upper cover 41 can be opened and the fan 225 can be moved away together. By setting the fan to blow air, air convection heat dissipation of the heat dissipation fins can be achieved, and the hot end can be easily disassembled and installed. The term "blowing air" should be interpreted broadly, meaning that air can flow from the fan 225 to the heat dissipation fins, or air can flow from the heat dissipation fins to the fan. In other words, the method of air intake can also be considered as a type of air blowing.

[0152] Alternatively, the base 20 may also include a heat insulation portion 219, through which the heat dissipation fins 22 are connected to the heating assembly 21. That is, a heat insulation portion 219 exists on the mechanical connection link between the heat dissipation fins 22 and the heating assembly 21, used to reduce heat conduction from the heating assembly 21 to the heat dissipation fins 21. This heat insulation portion can be a heat insulation material or a heat insulation structure. For example, the heating assembly 21 or the heating base 211 can be connected (e.g., fixedly or movably) to the heat dissipation fins 22 or the base 20 (e.g., base frame 201) via the heat insulation portion 219. Figures 1a to 1e , Figures 2a to 2c , Figures 3a to 3c , Figure 4a , Figure 5c , Figure 6 , Figure 7a , Figure 10a , Figure 10b , Figure 11a , Figure 11b , Figure 13a or Figure 13bAs shown, for example, the heat dissipation fins 22 and the heating element 21 are respectively connected to the base frame 201. The heating element 21 or the heat dissipation fins 22 are connected to the base frame 201 at intervals via heat insulation portions 219, thereby reducing heat transfer between the heating element and the heat dissipation fins. The heat insulation portion 219 can be a small structure such as heat insulation material or a thin-walled steel pipe, but it has a certain connection strength but a large thermal resistance. The thermal resistance of the heat insulation portion 219 can be greater than the conductive thermal resistance of the heating element 21 (or heating base 211) or the conductive thermal resistance of the heat dissipation fins 22. The heat insulation material can be non-metallic materials such as plastic or rubber, or other heat insulation materials. The heat insulation structure can be such that the cross-sectional area of ​​the connection between the heat dissipation fins 21 and the heating element 21 along the vertical or parallel feed pipe axis, or the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the connection is smaller than the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation fins in the same direction or the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the heating element. For example, the heat dissipation fins 22 and the heating element 21 are respectively connected to the base frame 201. The base frame 201 can also be a heat insulation part 219. For example, the heat dissipation fins 22 and the heating element 21 are respectively connected to the base frame 201, and the base frame 201 also serves as a heat insulation part 219 to achieve a heat-insulating connection between the heat dissipation fins 22 and the heating element 21. In addition, for the movably connected heat dissipation fins, it is also possible to... Figure 10a or Figure 10b The upper pressure cover 41 serves as a heat dissipation fin or Figure 12a A heat insulation component, such as a plastic bushing, is provided between the heat dissipation fins 22 and the shaft 401, or a heat insulation component is provided between the shaft 401 and the heating assembly. Figures 11a to 11c A heat insulation portion (such as a plastic bushing) is provided between shaft 401 or 402 and 22a or 22b, or between shaft 401 or 402 and heating assembly 21, for example, by providing a heat insulation bushing or reducing the contact area between shaft 401 or 402 and heating assembly. Base frame 201 can be a separate component or part of heat dissipation fins 22 or heating assembly 21. Base frame 201 can be integrally heat insulation portion 219 (e.g., entirely made of heat insulation material), or partially heat insulation portion 219, for example, a portion of which is a small connecting structure or increases the thermal resistance of the heat insulation material.

[0153] The hot end 10 is detachably mounted (fixed) to the base 20. The filamentous printing material can be conveyed to the extrusion port 11 via the heat dissipation section 14, the throat section 13, and the heating section 12. The heating section 12 is used to heat the printing material, and the heat dissipation section 14 is used to dissipate heat from the feeding conduit (transfer channel) of the printing material; the throat section 13 connects the heating section 12 and the heat dissipation section 14, allowing the printing material to be conveyed from the heat dissipation section 14 to the heating section 12, and reducing heat conduction from the heating section 12 to the heat dissipation section 14; the extrusion port 11 is used to extrude the heated and molten printing material, such as... Figure 1a , Figure 2a , Figure 4a , Figure 5a , Figure 5c , Figure 6, Figure 7a Or as shown in 10c, etc. For example Figure 1a As shown, the heating block 15 is plate-shaped, the heating surface 2111 is flat, the heat dissipation section 14 is cylindrical, and the heat dissipation surface 221 on the heat dissipation fins 22 is a semi-circular annular surface (semi-inner tubular). The hot end 10 is detachably fixed (connected) to the base 20, as shown. Figure 1b As shown, the first surface of the heating block 15 on the heating section 12 of the hot end is attached to the heating surface 2111 of the heating assembly 21, and the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10 is attached to the heat dissipation surface 221 of the heat dissipation fin 22. Thermal grease can be applied to the heating surface 2111 of the heating base 211, the first surface of the heating block 15, the surface of the heat dissipation section 14 and / or the heat dissipation surface 221 of the heat sink 22 to enhance heat conduction. When the hot end 10 is installed on the base 20, the heating section 12 is installed in contact with the heating component 21, and the heat dissipation section 14 is installed in contact with the heat dissipation fins 22. The contact refers to heat transfer contact, that is, the heating component 21 conducts heat to the heating section 12 through contact, and the heat dissipation section 14 conducts heat to the heat dissipation fins 22 through contact. A thermally conductive interface material, such as thermally conductive silicone grease or thermally conductive adhesive, can also be provided between the heating section 12 and the heating component 21 or between the heat dissipation section 14 and the heat dissipation fins 22. Although a thermally conductive interface material is provided, it should still be understood that the heating section 12 is installed in contact with the heating component 21 and the heat dissipation section 14 is installed in contact with the heat dissipation fins 22. It may also include a positioning structure, such as a block positioning part 153 provided on the heating block 15 of the hot end 10. The block positioning part 153 is a groove provided on both sides of the heating block 15 (the side adjacent to the first surface). A corresponding seat positioning part 2112 with a corresponding boss structure is provided on the heating seat 211. When the hot end 10 is installed on the base 20, the block positioning part 153 and the seat positioning part 2112 cooperate to make the position of the hot end 10 on the base 20 accurately determined. It may also include a lower clamping mechanism, such as a lower clamping mechanism including a lower pressure cover (lower pressure member) 31, a lower swing rod 32 and a lower second swing rod 33. The lower pressure cover 31 rotates on the lower first shaft 301, the lower swing rod 32 can rotate around the lower second shaft 302, and the lower second swing rod 33 can swing around the connecting rod part on the lower swing rod 32. Figures 1a to 1f The lower pressure cap 31 can be equipped with a heating component. The heating component 21 in the figure can be a limiting structure or an additional auxiliary heating component, thus enabling simultaneous heating of both sides of the heating section 12 at the hot end. It may also include an upper clamping mechanism, which includes an upper pressure cap (such as a movable heat dissipation fin or another swing arm) 41, an upper swing arm 42, and an upper second swing arm 43. The upper pressure cap (upper pressure member) 41 can rotate around an upper axis 401, the upper swing arm 42 can swing around an upper second axis 402, and the upper second swing arm 43 can rotate around a connecting rod on the upper swing arm 42. Figure 1a and Figure 1b Both the lower and upper clamping mechanisms shown are in the open state, by Figures 1a to 1b This illustrates that the hot end 10 is placed on the base 20, and vice versa. Figures 1b to 1aThe diagram illustrates the process of removing the hot end 10 from the base 20. Figure 1 also shows that a lower pressure cover heating part 312 and a lower contact surface 311 (or a heating surface of the lower pressure cover) can also be provided on the lower pressure cover 31. Figure 1c The diagram illustrates that both the lower and upper clamping mechanisms are locked, fixing the heating block 15 and heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10 to the heating seat 211 and heat dissipation fins 22 on the base 20, respectively. The lower pressure cover 31 presses against the second surface (opposite to the first surface) of the heating block 15. For example, the lower contact surface 311 of the lower pressure cover presses against the second surface (opposite to the first surface) of the heating block 12. The second surface of the heating block 12 can also be heated by the heating part 312 of the lower pressure cover. The lower swing arm 32 swings above the lower pressure cover 31, and then the lower second swing arm 33 is rotated so that the protruding part on the lower second swing arm 33 presses against the corresponding surface on the lower pressure cover 31 or into the lower locking part (first groove) 313, pressing the lower pressure cover 31 and the heating block 15 against the heating seat 211 and tightening them. The upper cover 41 rotates and presses against the surface of the heat dissipation section 14. The upper lever 42 swings above the upper cover 41, and the upper second lever 43 rotates so that the protruding structure on the upper second lever 43 presses against the corresponding surface of the upper cover 41 or into the upper locking part (or the second groove) 413, pressing the upper cover 41 and the heat dissipation section 14 against the heat dissipation fins 22 and tightening them. It should be noted that the upper second lever 43 and the lower second lever 33 are not necessary. When the upper cover swings and presses against the heat dissipation section, the upper lever 42 can swing and lock onto the upper cover 41 to tighten the upper cover, so that the upper cover (upper pressing part) presses the heat dissipation section 14 against the heat dissipation surface 221 of the heat dissipation fins 22. When the lower cover swings and presses against the heating section 12, the lower lever 32 can swing and lock onto the lower cover 31 to tighten the lower cover, so that the lower cover presses the heating section 12 against the heating surface 2111 of the heating assembly 21. like Figure 1d The lower clamping mechanism may not necessarily include the lower two swing arms 33. Instead, the lower swing arm 32 is rotated to the corresponding locking part (first groove) 313 on the lower pressure cover 31, and the lower pressure cover 31 is pressed tightly by the elastic deformation of the lower swing arm 32 itself. The upper clamping mechanism may also not necessarily include the upper two swing arms 43. Instead, the upper swing arm 42 is rotated to the corresponding upper locking part (second groove) 413 on the upper pressure cover 41, and the upper pressure cover 41 is pressed tightly by the elastic deformation of the upper swing arm 42 itself. Figure 1eThis diagram illustrates the axis of the feed pipe passing through the hot end 10 and a cross-section of the first surface perpendicular to the heating block 15. It shows a heater 212 mounted on the heating base 211. The heater 212 can be a ceramic heating element or a heating rod, heating the heating section of the hot end through heat conduction. Alternatively, the heater 212 can be an electromagnetic induction heater, heating the heating section of the hot end through electromagnetic induction. A temperature sensor 213 can also be mounted on the heating base 211 to detect the temperature of the heating base 211 or the first surface of the heating block 15. A temperature sensor can also be mounted on the heat dissipation fins 22 to detect the temperature of the heat dissipation section 14. Furthermore, an auxiliary heater 212a can be mounted on the lower pressure cover 31 to heat the second surface of the heating block 15, and an auxiliary temperature sensor 214 can also be mounted on the lower pressure cover 31 to detect the temperature of the second surface of the heating block 15. The average of the readings from temperature sensor 213 and auxiliary temperature sensor 214 can be used as the temperature of the heating section 12. The upper pressure cover (upper pressure member) 41 can also be another heat dissipation fin. Figure 3c The heat dissipation fins 22 in the middle can dissipate heat through airflow, thereby dissipating heat from the heat dissipation section 14 at the hot end, for example... Figure 1e A fan 225 is installed to blow air onto the heat dissipation fins 22 for cooling. The fan 225 can be fixedly connected to the heat dissipation fins 22, or it can blow air onto the upper pressure cover 41 to cool the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10. Alternatively, coolant can be directed through the heat dissipation fins 22 to cool the heat dissipation section of the hot end, such as... Figure 1f As shown. Coolant 224 flows in from inlet 222, passes through heat dissipation fins 22, and then flows out from outlet 223. The flow of coolant 224 carries away the heat transferred from heat dissipation section 14 to heat dissipation fins 22.

[0154] Other examples Figure 1b , Figure 1d , Figure 1e and Figure 1f As shown, the heat dissipation fins 22 can also be movably connected to the base 22 or the heating assembly 21, for example... Figure 1b and Figure 1d The middle heat dissipation fin 22 is in a floating connection state relative to the heating assembly 21 or the base frame 201. A rotatable upper swing rod 42 mounted on the heat dissipation fin 22 can be engaged with the upper pressure cover 41 to clamp the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10, achieving a fixed contact connection with the hot end. For example... Figure 1d The upper lever 42 engages with the upper locking part 413 on the upper pressure cover 41. The upper pressure cover 41 can also be another heat dissipation fin or a movable heat dissipation fin. The upper pressure cover 41 can rotate around the first axis 401, and the heat dissipation fin 22 can also rotate around the first axis 401, or the heat dissipation fin 22 can rotate around the second axis (not shown in the figure, but can be referenced). Figures 11a to 11c ( ) Rotation. The first shaft 401 can be fixedly connected to the base frame 201, such as... Figure 1eAs shown, the heat dissipation fins 22 (or the upper pressure cover 41 serving as movable heat dissipation fins) are floatingly connected to the base or heating assembly 21. Alternatively, the first shaft 401 can be elastically connected to the base (base frame 201) or heating assembly 21, for example, via an elastic element or structure. Alternatively, the heat dissipation fins 22 can be connected to the base frame 201 or heating assembly 21 via an elastic element 352, achieving an elastically movable connection between the heat dissipation fins 22 and the base or heating assembly. Figure 1f As shown, the elastic element 352 can be an elastic structure, such as an elastic sheet structure, a helical spring structure, or a rubber block or column structure. This allows for a movable, elastic, or floating connection between the heat dissipation fins 22 (or the upper pressure cover 41 as a movable heat dissipation fin) and the heating assembly 21. This facilitates adjusting the deviation between the installation of the heating section to the heating assembly and the installation of the heat dissipation section to the heat dissipation fins when the hot end 10 is installed on the base, ensuring reliable contact between the heat dissipation fins 22 and the heat dissipation section, or reliable contact between the heating section and the heating assembly. The heat dissipation fins 22 can be considered as the first heat dissipation fin 22a, and the upper pressure cover 41 can be considered as the second heat dissipation fin 22b. Of course, the heat dissipation fins 22 in the figures can also be fixedly connected to the base or the heating assembly 21. The heat dissipation fins 22 in all the figures of this application can be movably connected to the base or the heating assembly 21 (e.g., elastically or floatingly).

[0155] Figures 2a to 2b The diagram illustrates a second type of fast heat exchanger structure. A laterally open heat dissipation surface, such as a notch, is provided on the side of the heat dissipation fin 22 for inserting the heat dissipation section 14, forming a semi-circular tubular heat dissipation surface 221 corresponding to the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10. A boss forming block positioning part 153 is provided on the upper edge of the heating block 15 of the hot end 10, and boss forming seat positioning parts 2112 are provided on the left and right sides of the heating base 211. Figure 12 illustrates that the lower clamping mechanism may include a lower swing arm 32 that can swing around a lower second axis 302, and may also include a lower second swing arm 33 that swings around a connecting rod on the lower swing arm 32, and a lower pressing member 34 that rotates around a lower axis 301. The lower axis 301 and the lower second axis 302 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the heating base 211. Figures 2a to 2c The schematic diagram shows that the clamping mechanism includes an upper pressure member 44 that can swing around an upper axis 401. Figure 2a This diagram illustrates the state where the lower and upper clamping mechanisms are open, and the hot end 10 is separated from the base 20. Figure 2bThe diagram illustrates the state where the hot end 10 is fixed to the base 20. The block positioning part 153 on the heating block 15 is positioned with the upper edge of the heating seat 211, and the seat positioning parts 2112 on the left and right sides of the heating seat 211 are positioned with the left and right side edges of the heating block 15. The heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10 is in contact with the heat dissipation surface 221 of the heat dissipation fins 22. The pressing member 34 presses down on the heating block 15, and the next swing rod 32 swings to the pressing member 34, so that the next swing rod 32 is engaged with the curved part of the pressing member 34. Through the elastic deformation of each swing rod, an elastic force is generated to press the heating block 15 against the heating seat 211. Figure 2b The upper pressure member 44 is pressed against the heat dissipation section 14 and the upper pressure member 44 is locked on the upper locking part (second groove) 413 on the heat dissipation fin 22 on the side away from the upper shaft 401.

[0156] Figure 2b and Figure 2c The illustration also suggests that the next lever 32 can be removed, and a lower locking part 313 can be provided, for example, on the side of the opposite hot end 10 or heating assembly 21 away from the next axis 301, such as... Figure 2c The lower pressure component 34 is shown to be in the open state. Figure 2b The intermediate heating end 10 is installed onto the quick heat exchange end structure. The lower pressure member 34 swings towards the heating end 10 or the lower locking part 313 and locks onto the lower locking part 313, so that the lower pressure member 34 presses against the heating section 12 of the heating end 10 and is attached to or correspondingly installed onto the heating assembly 21. The figure shows that the lower pressure member 34 is in the shape of a swing rod, but it can also be in the shape of a cover or a plate, or another heating assembly can be provided.

[0157] Figures 3a to 3c The diagram illustrates a third type of fast heat exchanger structure. The heating block 15 has a cylindrical outer surface and may also have an annular groove-shaped block positioning part 153. A throat section 13 formed by a metal tube 18 and a heat dissipation section 14 are connected above the heating block 15. The heating base 211 has a through-hole-shaped heating surface 2111. For example, the heating base 211 can be cylindrical, and a heating coil can be wound around the outside of the heating base 211 as a heater 212. The heating base 211 is fixedly connected to the heat dissipation fins 22. For example, the heating base 211 can be fixedly connected to the heat dissipation fins 22 via a thin rod or tube structure, and the heat dissipation fins 22 have through-hole-shaped heat dissipation surfaces 221 that match the heat dissipation section 14. Ideally, the heating surface 2111 on the heating base 211 and the heat dissipation surface 221 on the heat dissipation fins 22 are coaxially arranged. Figure 3a The diagram illustrates the state where the hot end 10 and the base 20 are separated. The hot end 10 allows the heat dissipation section 14 to pass from bottom to top through the heating surface 2111 of the base 20 and then adhere to the heat dissipation surface 221 on the heat dissipation fins 22. Simultaneously, the outer surface of the heating block 15 adheres to the heating surface 2111. Figure 3bAs shown. A lower clamping mechanism can also be provided, including a lower swing arm 32 and a lower second swing arm 33, each rotatable around a lower axis 301. An opening slot is provided on the heating seat 211 corresponding to the block positioning portion 153 on the heating block. The lower swing arm 32 and the lower second swing arm 33 each have a protruding structure corresponding to the opening slot. The elastic member 35 acts to pass the protruding structures of the lower swing arm 32 and the lower second swing arm 33 through the opening slot and engage them in the annular groove-shaped block positioning portion 153 on the heating block 15, thereby positioning and clamping the hot end 10. In this embodiment, since the heat dissipation section 14 can be directly positioned by the tubular heat dissipation surface on the heat dissipation fins, an upper clamping mechanism is not required. Figure 3c A cross-sectional view of the feed pipe axis is shown in the diagram. The diagram also shows that an annular step forming block positioning part 153 can be provided on the lower end face of the heating block 15. The positioning part 153 is positioned by fitting against the lower edge of the heating seat 211 to achieve positioning of the hot end 10. Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism can also be configured such that a push rod 38 passes through a through hole in the heating seat 211, and the rotation of the cam 37 pushes the push rod 38 into the annular groove on the heating block 15 to clamp the hot end 10. Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism can also be configured such that an elastic element 35 is provided radially through the through hole of the heating seat 211, and a steel ball is provided near the heating block 15. The elastic element 35 pushes the steel ball into the corresponding annular groove on the heating block 15 to clamp the hot end 10. Figure 4c The diagram also illustrates that the hot end 10 is composed of a metal tube 18 and a heating block 15. A small hole is provided below the heating block 15 to form an extrusion port 11, and a hole is provided above the heating block 15. The metal tube 18 is inserted into the hole and integrated to form the hot end 10. The exposed portion of the metal tube 18 on the heating block 15 forms a throat section 13 and a heat dissipation section 14 from bottom to top. Figure 3c A hot end structure is further illustrated. The hot end 10 consists of a heating block 15, a nozzle section 17 connected to the lower part of the heating block 15, and a metal tube 18 connected to the upper end of the heating block 15. A through-hole type feeding pipe is provided inside from top to bottom, and an extrusion port 11 is provided at the lower end of the nozzle section 17. Figure 3d Further illustration shows that the hot end can also be directly formed by a metal tube 18, with an extrusion port 11 formed at the lower end of the metal tube 18. Figure 3c It can also be shown that an air supply channel 226 can be set on the heat dissipation fin 22, so that air enters the air supply channel 226 from the air inlet 2261 to blow and dissipate heat on the heat dissipation fin 22. The air can be delivered from compressed air or blower at a distance through the air supply pipe connected to the air inlet 2261.

[0158] Figures 3a to 3c The embodiments may also employ similar methods. Figures 1a to 2bThe structure shown allows the hot end to be installed and removed from the base in a direction generally perpendicular to the feed pipe axis or in a direction generally perpendicular to the heat dissipation surface or the heat dissipation surface or the heat dissipation surface, by setting an open heat dissipation surface (such as a plane or a semi-inner tubular heat dissipation surface) on the heat dissipation fin 22 and an open heat dissipation surface (such as a plane or a semi-inner tubular heat dissipation surface) on the heating component. This makes the installation and removal process more convenient. For example, an open heat dissipation surface, such as a notch or a semi-inner tubular shape, is set on the heat dissipation fin 22. A semi-inner tubular heat dissipation surface 221 that matches the circular tubular heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10 is set on the heat dissipation fin 22. A semi-inner tubular heat dissipation surface 2111 that matches the cylindrical heating block 15 is set on the heating base 211. The hot end 10 can be placed on the base 20 in a direction perpendicular to the feed pipe axis. The heat dissipation section 14 is fitted with the semi-inner tubular heat dissipation surface 221, and the heating block 15 is fitted with the semi-inner tubular heat dissipation surface 2111 on the heating base 211. An upper pressure cap (upper pressure component) 41 can also be provided. The upper pressure cap 41 can also have a semi-inner tubular upper contact surface 412 that matches the cylindrical heat dissipation section 14. The upper pressure cap 41 presses the heat dissipation section 14 against the heat dissipation surface 221 of the heat dissipation fin 22. The upper pressure cap 41 can also be another heat dissipation fin. A lower pressure cap (lower pressure component) 31 can also be provided. The lower pressure cap 31 can also have a semi-inner tubular lower contact surface that matches the cylindrical heating section 12. The lower pressure cap 31 presses the heating section 12 against the heating surface 2111 of the heating assembly 21. The lower pressure cap 31 can also be another heating assembly. Furthermore, instead of providing the heating block 15 and the nozzle section 17, the metal tube 18 can be directly extended to the extrusion port 11 shown in the figure, and the extrusion port 11 can be provided at the lower end of the metal tube 18, such as... Figure 3d As shown, the heating section 12, throat section 13, and heat dissipation section 14 are all cylindrical structures, achieving the simplest and most compact hot-end structure. Of course, annular grooves or other shaped grooves can also be provided on the surface of this cylindrical shape as block positioning parts (not shown in the figure). The diameter of the heating section 12 or heat dissipation section 14 can be increased to increase the heat-conducting surface area, such as... Figure 3d As shown, the diameters of the heating section 12 and the heat dissipation section 14 are both larger than the diameter of the throat section 13, or as can be seen from... Figure 10cThe diameter of the throat section 13 of the hot end 10 is smaller than the diameter of the heat dissipation section 14, so a larger heating block 15 can be set on the heating section 12. The heating surface 2111 on the heating assembly 21 on the base is a semi-inner tube surface that matches the heating section 12, and the heat dissipation surface 221 on the heat dissipation fin 22 is a semi-inner tube surface that matches the heat dissipation section 14. When the hot end is installed on the base, the heating section 12 of the hot end can abut against the semi-inner tube heating surface 2111 of the heating assembly, while the cylindrical heat dissipation section 14 abuts against the semi-inner tube heat dissipation surface 221 on the heat dissipation fin 22. A lower pressure cover 31 or an upper pressure cover 41 can also be set similarly to the aforementioned rapid hot end structure. A semi-inner tube lower contact surface 311 that matches the heating section 12 can be set on the lower pressure cover 31, and a semi-inner tube upper contact surface 412 that matches the heat dissipation section 14 can be set on the upper pressure cover 41 (e.g., Figure 1a and Figure 3d As shown, the lower pressure cap 31 presses the heating section 12 against the heating assembly 21, with the lower contact surface 311 and the heating surface 2111 contacting the heat dissipation section 12. The upper pressure cap 41 presses the heat dissipation section 14 against the heat dissipation fins 22, with the upper contact surface 412 and the heat dissipation surface 221 contacting the heat dissipation section 14. Alternatively, the lower or upper clamping mechanism in other embodiments can be used to clamp and fix the hot end to the base. The printing material 50 can be introduced through the heat dissipation section 14 of the metal tubular hot end, and extruded through the extrusion port 11 via the throat section 13 and the heating section 12.

[0159] Figures 4a to 4cThis illustrates a fourth type of fast heat exchanger structure. A heat dissipation block 141 can also be provided on the heat dissipation section 14. For example, the heat dissipation block 141 can be plate-shaped, with one side surface of the heat dissipation fins 22 serving as a heat dissipation surface 221. When the hot end is mounted on the base 20, the first surface of the plate-shaped heating block 15 is in contact with the heating surface 2111 on the heating seat 211 of the heating assembly. Simultaneously, the first surface of the heat dissipation block 141 is in contact with the heat dissipation surface 221 on the heat dissipation fins 22. Similar to how the first surface of the heating block 15 has a larger area to increase heat conduction, the first surface of the heat dissipation block 141 also has a larger area to increase heat conduction. A boss can also be provided at the upper (and / or lower) edge of the heating block 15 as a block positioning part 153, and a groove can be provided on the upper part of the heating seat 211 on the heating assembly 21 at a position corresponding to the block positioning part 153 as a seat positioning part 2112. A magnetic element 45 can also be set on the heat sink 141, and another magnetic element 45 can be set on the heat sink fin 22 at a position corresponding to the magnetic element on the heat sink 141. One of the magnetic elements 45 on the heat sink 141 and the magnetic element 45 on the heat sink fin 22 can be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, and the other can be a magnetically conductive material. This allows for quick positioning of the hot end 10 onto the base 20, and the paired magnetic elements 45 can be considered as an upper clamping mechanism. Additionally, the lower clamping mechanism 30 shown in the figure can also be a lower swing arm 32 (or a lower pressing element) that rotates around a lower axis 301. The axis of the lower axis 301 is perpendicular to the heating surface 2111 (angle 90 degrees), with an error greater than ±40°. Figure 4a The diagram illustrates that the rotation of the next swing arm 32 (or the pressing component) causes the next swing arm 32 to leave the space area corresponding to the heating surface 2111. Then, the hot end 10 can be installed onto the base 20. The block positioning part 153 of the heating block 15 matches and positions with the seat positioning part 2112 on the heating base 211. The magnetic component 45 on the heat sink 141 pairs and attracts with the magnetic component on the heat sink fins. Then, the next swing arm 32 can be rotated, causing the protruding part of the next swing arm 32 to rotate to a position above the heating block 15, pressing the heating block 15 against the heating base. Figure 4b As shown. A fan 225 can also be installed to blow air onto the heat dissipation fins 22 for cooling. Figure 4a and Figure 4b The fan 225 is fixed to the heat sink 22. Since the heat sink 22 is fixed to the base 20, it is easier to connect the fan 225 to the heat sink 22, allowing the fan 225 to be optimally close to the heat sink 22 for better heat dissipation. Figure 4cThe diagram illustrates that coolant (such as water, oil, or fluorinated liquid) can also be used to dissipate heat from the heat dissipation fins 22. Coolant 224 flows in through inlet 222, passes through the heat dissipation fins 22, and exits through outlet 223, carrying away heat. The heat dissipation fins 22 can adopt a distributed columnar structure, allowing for rapid coolant flow while increasing the contact area between the heat dissipation fins 222 and the coolant 224. The diagram shows the coolant flowing from inlet 222 to outlet 223 from bottom to top, or it could be perpendicular to the diagram. A heater 212 can also be installed on the heating base 211. The heater 212 can be a ceramic heating element, a wound heater, or an induction heater, etc. For example, the heater 212 can be clamped and fixed by the heating base 211 and the heat insulation part 219, while the heat insulation part 219 fixes the heating base 211 to the heat dissipation fins 22. For example, the heat insulation part 219 can be fixed to the base frame 201, which can be part of the heat dissipation fins 22 or the heat insulation part 219. Or, as... Figure 4c As shown, the heating element can be flexibly connected to the base frame 201 via the elastic element 35, or the heat dissipation fins 22 can be flexibly connected to the base frame 201 via the elastic element 35. The base frame 201 can be a plate structure or a bracket structure, etc. Of course, the heating element (such as the heating base 211) can also be fixedly connected to the base frame 201, thus eliminating the need for the elastic element 35 shown below. Alternatively, the elastic element 35 between the heating element and the base frame 201 can be a flexible rubber block. The elastic element 35 between the heat dissipation fins 22 and the base frame 201 can also be a flexible rubber block. The elastic element 35 can also be a spring (such as a compression spring or a coil spring) or a spring sheet. In this way, the heat dissipation fins 22 and the heating element 21 are flexibly connected, that is, the flexible connection can be an elastic flexible connection or a floating connection. For example, when at least one of the two elastic elements 35 in the figure is removed, the heat dissipation fins 22 and the heating element 21 are floatingly connected.

[0160] Figure 5a and Figure 5b This diagram illustrates the fifth type of fast-swap heat exchanger structure. Both the heating block 15 and the heat dissipation block 141 on the heat exchanger are plate-shaped, and their first surfaces are parallel to each other. The heat dissipation surface 221 of the heat dissipation fin 22 corresponds to the first surface of the heat dissipation block 141, and the heating surface 2111 of the heating block 21 corresponds to the first surface of the heating block 15. Figures 4a to 4c The heating surface 2111 or heat dissipation surface 221 shown is not perpendicular (at an angle of 90 degrees) to the moving path of the hot end 10 during installation or removal. Figure 5a and Figure 5bThe heating surface 2111 and heat dissipation surface 221 are set parallel (0 degrees angle) to the moving path of the hot end 10 during installation or removal, with an error of no more than ±40°. An upper pressure cover (upper pressure member) 41 and a lower pressure cover (lower pressure member) 31 are also provided. When the hot end 10 is installed on the base 20, the heating block 15 is inserted between the heating base 211 and the lower pressure cover 31. The first surface of the heating block 15 is in contact with the heating surface 2111 of the heating base 211, and the second surface is in contact with the lower pressure cover 31. The lower pressure cover 31 can also be equipped with another heating base and heating surface. The heat dissipation block 141 is inserted between the heat dissipation fin 22 and the upper pressure cover 41. The first surface of the heat dissipation block 141 is in contact with the heat dissipation surface 221 of the heat dissipation fin 22, and the second surface is in contact with the upper pressure cover 41. The upper pressure cover 41 can also be equipped with another heat dissipation fin. This facilitates heating of both sides of the heating block 15 or temperature detection of both sides. It also facilitates heat dissipation of both sides of the heat dissipation block 141. For example Figure 5b As illustrated, an elastic element 35 can be provided on the side of the lower pressure cover 31 away from the heating block 15, and another elastic element 35 can be provided on the side of the upper pressure cover 41 away from the heat sink 141. The two elastic elements 35 can push the lower pressure cover 31 toward the heating block 15 and the upper pressure cover 41 toward the heat sink 141, respectively. Figure 5b The diagram also illustrates that the heating assembly 21 can be fixed to the base frame 201, and the heat dissipation fins 22 are also fixed to the base frame 201, achieving a fixed connection between the heating assembly 21 and the heat dissipation fins 22. A heating rod can be installed in the heating assembly 21 as a heater 212, and another heating rod can be installed on the lower pressure cover 31 as an auxiliary heater 212a. A temperature sensor 213 can also be installed on the heating assembly 21, and an auxiliary temperature sensor 214 can be installed on the lower pressure cover 31. A temperature sensor can also be installed on the heat dissipation fins 22 to detect the temperature of the heat dissipation section 14 or the heat dissipation block 141. Additionally, Figure 5a and 5b As illustrated, the upper cover 41 can be another heat dissipation fin, thus the heat dissipation fin 22 includes two opposing parts. Each heat dissipation fin can be connected to the base by an elastic member 35. The elastic member 35 can cause the two heat dissipation fins to act towards each other, so that the two heat dissipation fins press against the heat dissipation section 14 or heat dissipation block 141 between them. Similarly, the lower cover 31 can also be another heating component or heating base. That is, the heating component can include two opposing parts (i.e., the heating component 21 and the lower cover 31 in the figure). The elastic member 35 can also be set to make the two parts of the heating component act against each other, so that the two heating components press against the heating section or heating block 15 between them. In this way, the component can achieve double-sided heating of the heating block or double-sided heat dissipation of the heat dissipation block. Moreover, it can ensure that even if there are deviations in the size and shape of the hot end or the size and shape of the heat dissipation fin or heating component, the heat dissipation surface of the heat dissipation fin and the heat dissipation section, as well as the heating component and the heating block, can be reliably fitted. Figure 5a The diagram illustrates two heat dissipation fins connected by elastic elements 35 of coil springs. The elastic elements 35 of the coil springs can cause the two heat dissipation fins to swing towards each other, or as shown in the diagram. Figure 5b Each heat dissipation fin corresponds to an elastic element 35 of a cylindrical compression spring (or coil spring), which causes the two heat dissipation fins to tend to move towards each other. Figure 5a The lower pressure cover 31 can also move relative to the base or heating assembly 21, and can also be provided with an elastic element ( Figure 5a Not shown in the image, please refer to the following: Figure 5b It provides elastic force in the direction of heating component 21. Figure 5a and Figure 5b The upper pressure cover 41 and the lower pressure cover 31 are shown to move horizontally, and of course they can also swing separately. They can be pressed against the hot end 10 by swinging around the axis set on the base.

[0161] Figure 5c This diagram illustrates an alternative structure and the state in which the hot end 10 is installed. The heat dissipation fins include a first heat dissipation fin 22a (equivalent to...). Figure 5a The heat dissipation fin 22) and the second heat dissipation fin 22b (equivalent to Figure 5a The upper cover 41 of the heat sink has a laterally open heat dissipation surface on the opposite side of the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b for contacting the heat dissipation section 14, as shown in the figure, which is a semi-circular tubular surface that contacts the tubular heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10. Both the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b can rotate around the axis 401. Of course, the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b can also rotate around their respective corresponding axes 401, similar to... Figures 11a to 11c As shown, shaft 401 can be connected to the base (e.g., fixedly connected to base frame 201 or rotatably connected). An elastic element 35 is also provided to cause the first heat dissipation fins 22a and 22b to swing (or move) in opposite directions. The elastic element 35 may include a base portion 35c and a left elastic portion 35a and a right elastic portion 35b respectively connected to the left and right sides of the base portion 35c. The base portion 35c is located on the side opposite to the heat dissipation fins that is installed or removed from the hot end 10. The left elastic portion 35a and the right elastic portion 35b respectively act on the first heat dissipation fins 22a and 22b, providing elastic forces in opposite directions, for example, causing the heat dissipation surfaces of the first heat dissipation fins 22a and 22b to press against the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10. This structure is simple and compact, and an airflow channel can be formed between the left elastic portion 35a and the right elastic portion 35b, facilitating airflow to dissipate heat from the heat dissipation fins. This design facilitates the installation of the hot end 10 by restricting the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b respectively, which are constrained by the left elastic part 35a and the right elastic part 35b, when the hot end 10 is not installed. A fan 225 can also be provided to blow air to dissipate heat from the heat dissipation fins. For example, the fan can be installed on the base part 35c, and the base part 35c can be connected to the base frame 201 (such as fixedly connected). The base frame 201 can also be a heat insulation part.

[0162] Figure 6This diagram illustrates a sixth type of fast-swap heat exchanger structure. It includes two hot ends 10, a primary hot end 10a, and a secondary hot end 10a. Two heating components, a primary heating component 21 and a secondary heating component 21a, are mounted on a base 20. Two heat dissipation surfaces, a primary heat dissipation surface 221 and a secondary heat dissipation surface 221a, are provided on the heat dissipation fins 22. A heating block 15 can also be mounted on the heating section 12 of the hot end 10, and a secondary heating block 15a can also be mounted on the heating section 12 of the secondary hot end 10a. An extrusion port 11 is located below the heating block 15, and a secondary extrusion port 11a is located below the secondary heating block 15a. The heat dissipation sections 14 of both hot ends 10 can be cylindrical, such as... Figures 1a to 3c The heat dissipation section 14 in the illustrated embodiment. Alternatively, heat dissipation blocks, namely heat dissipation block 141 and auxiliary heat dissipation block 141a, can be respectively provided on the heat dissipation sections of the two hot ends 10. The hot end 10 and auxiliary hot end 10a are mounted on the base 20. The first surface of the heating block 15 of the hot end 10 is in contact with the heating surface on the heating assembly 21. The heat dissipation section 14 or heat dissipation block 141 at the upper end of the hot end 10 is in contact with the heat dissipation surface 221 on the heat dissipation fin 22. The first surface of the auxiliary heating block 15a of the auxiliary hot end 10a is in contact with the heating surface on the auxiliary heating assembly 21a. The heat dissipation section 14 or auxiliary heat dissipation block 141a on the auxiliary hot end 10a is in contact with the auxiliary heat dissipation surface 221a on the heat dissipation fin 22. Alternatively, the block positioning part 153 and the seat positioning part 2112 in other embodiments can be used for positioning. The lower clamping mechanism in other embodiments can also be used to fix the heating block 15 of the hot end 10 and the auxiliary heating block 15a of the auxiliary hot end 10a to the heating assembly 21 and the auxiliary heating assembly 21a on the base 20, respectively. Furthermore, the upper clamping mechanism in other embodiments can be used to fix the heat dissipation section of the hot end 10 and the heat dissipation section 14 of the auxiliary hot end 10a to the heat dissipation fins 22, respectively. This structure is compact, allows for easy replacement of the two hot ends 10 individually, and enables independent control of the heating temperature of each hot end 10, while maximizing the overall heat dissipation capacity. Figure 6The heat sink 141 and the auxiliary heat sink 141a, as further illustrated, can be plate-shaped, and the first and second surfaces of the plate-shaped heat sink 15 and the auxiliary heat sink 15a are perpendicular to each other. Two open heat dissipation surfaces (such as notches, semi-circular or semi-elliptical shapes) are provided on the heat dissipation fin 22, corresponding to the heat sink 141 and the auxiliary heat sink 141a respectively. The plate-shaped structures of the heat sink 141 and the auxiliary heat sink 141a can both extend away from the heat dissipation fin 22, so that the side facing the heat dissipation fin 22 is still a columnar semi-circular arc structure, which can correspond to the semi-circular tubular heat dissipation surface 221 and the auxiliary heat dissipation surface 221a on the inner side of the heat dissipation fin 22. When the heat sink 141 and the auxiliary heat sink 141a are respectively installed on the heat dissipation surface 221 and the auxiliary heat dissipation surface 221a of the heat dissipation fin, the semi-circular cylindrical surface of the heat sink 141 facing the heat dissipation fin 22, as well as the first and second surfaces on both sides, are in contact with the elongated notch-shaped heat dissipation surface 221 on the heat dissipation fin, increasing the heat conduction area. Similarly, the semi-circular cylindrical surface of the auxiliary heat sink 141a facing the heat dissipation fin 22, as well as the first and second surfaces on both sides, are in contact with the elongated notch-shaped auxiliary heat dissipation surface 221a on the heat dissipation fin 22, increasing the heat conduction area. Figure 6 The upper pressure cover 41 and the secondary upper pressure cover 41a can also be additional heat dissipation fins. The upper pressure cover 41 can press the heat dissipation section of the hot end 10 against the heat dissipation surface 221 of the heat dissipation fin 22, and the secondary upper pressure cover 41a can press the heat dissipation section of the secondary hot end 10a against the secondary heat dissipation surface 221a of the heat dissipation fin 22. The upper pressure cover 41 and the secondary upper pressure cover 41a can be provided with elastic elements 35 (such as coil springs) so that they press against the heat dissipation surface 221 and the secondary heat dissipation surface 221a respectively. Of course, the middle heat dissipation fin 22 can also be floating, or the middle heat dissipation fin 22 can also be divided into two parts that are elastically and movablely connected to the base.

[0163] Figure 7a and Figure 7bThe diagram illustrates a seventh type of quick-change heat exchanger structure. Both the heating block 15 of the hot end 10 and the heat dissipation block 141 on the heat dissipation section 14 are plate-shaped structures, and their first surfaces are perpendicular to each other. The first surface of the heating block 15 can be parallel to the direction of disassembly and assembly movement of the hot end, and the heat dissipation surface 221 on the heat dissipation fin 22 can be perpendicular to the direction of disassembly and assembly movement of the hot end. A lower clamping mechanism is also included, comprising a lower rocker arm 32 rotating about a lower axis 301, and a lower second rocker arm 33 rotating about a connecting rod on a lower second rocker arm 33. The lower second rocker arm 33 has a cam structure (protruding structure). The lower axis 301 is located on the side of the heating seat 211 away from the heating surface 2111. An upper clamping mechanism may also be included, comprising an upper pressure cover 41 rotating about an upper axis 401. A magnet 45 may be provided on the upper pressure cover 41 at a position away from the upper axis, and another magnet 45 may be provided at a corresponding position on the heat dissipation fin 22. A groove can also be provided on the first surface of the heating block 15 as a block positioning part 153. For example, the groove extends along the first direction (e.g., along the disassembly and assembly movement direction of the hot end). A boss extending along the second direction can be provided on the heating block 211 at the position corresponding to the block positioning part 153 as a seat positioning part 2112. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Side seat positioning parts 2112a and 2112b can also be provided on both sides of the heating surface 2111. Figure 7a The diagram illustrates the state where each clamping mechanism is open and the hot end 10 is separated from the base 20. The hot end 10 is installed on the base 20, the first surface of the heating block 15 is in contact with the heating surface 2111 on the heating seat 211, the first surface of the heat sink 141 is in contact with the heat dissipation surface 221 of the heat dissipation fins, the block positioning part 153 on the heating block 15 is matched and positioned with the seat positioning part 2112 on the heating seat 211, and the two sides of the heating block can also be positioned by the side seat positioning parts 2112a and 2112b. Then, the lower swing rod 32 drives the lower second swing rod 33 to swing to the second surface of the heating block 15 (opposite to the first surface of the heating block), and rotate the lower second swing rod 33 so that the protruding structure presses against the second surface of the heating block 15 and presses the heating block 15 against the heating seat 211. The upper cover 41 swings and presses against the second side (opposite to the first side) of the heat sink 141. The magnetic element 45 on the upper cover 41 is attracted to the magnetic element on the heat sink fin 22, so that the upper cover 41 reliably presses the heat sink 141. One of the magnetic elements 45 on the upper cover 41 and the magnetic element 45 on the heat sink fin 22 can be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, and the other can be a magnetically conductive material.

[0164] Figure 6 , Figure 7a and Figure 7bThe angle between the heating surface 2111 of the heating element 21 and the heat dissipation surface 221 of the heat dissipation fin 22 is 90 degrees, with an error not exceeding ±40°. This facilitates the adjustment of installation deviations, ensuring that the heat dissipation surface 221 of the heat dissipation fin 22 and the first surface of the heat dissipation section of the hot end (the surface corresponding to the heat dissipation surface 221) are reliably in contact simultaneously, as are the heating surface of the heating element 21 and the first surface of the heating section of the hot end (the surface corresponding to the heating surface of the heating element 21). Figure 7a The diagram shows that the heating surface is perpendicular to the heat dissipation surface. Therefore, it is preferable that the lower clamping mechanism applies elastic force to the heating section of the hot end along the direction perpendicular to the heating surface to make the heating section stick to the heating component.

[0165] The hot end 10 can also be mounted to the base 20 via a bracket. For example, the hot end 10 can be first mounted to the bracket, and then the bracket can be mounted to the base 20. For instance, the bracket can press against the second surface of the heating block 15 of the hot end 10, and the first surface of the heating block 15 of the hot end 10 can press against the heating surface 2111 of the heating assembly 21 on the base 20. The bracket can be mounted to the base 20 via the various lower clamping mechanisms described above. Magnetic components can also be provided on the bracket, and corresponding magnetic components can be provided on the base 20. The bracket can be mounted to the base 20 via the magnetic components. This implementation is also particularly suitable for situations where the base is located deep within the printhead or in a narrow space, making it inconvenient to reach in and remove the hot end 10.

[0166] A secondary temperature sensor 214 can also be installed on the aforementioned lower pressure cover (lower pressure member) 31 or bracket. The first surface of the heating block 15 is in contact with the heating surface 2111 of the heating assembly 21 on the base 20. The temperature sensor 213 installed on the heating assembly 21 can detect the temperature of the first surface of the heating block 15, and the secondary temperature sensor 214 can be used to detect the temperature of the second surface of the heating block 15. For example, the first surface of the hot end 10 can be heated and the temperature of the second surface can be detected. The detected temperature is the temperature after the heat passes through the heating assembly 21 to the heating block 15, and the detected temperature is more accurate. For example, if the heating block 15 and the heating assembly 21 have poor contact, the temperature at the second surface will be obviously abnormal and will be detected. If the temperature of the heating assembly is detected on the first surface to reflect the temperature of the heating block, if the heating block 15 and the heating assembly 21 do not have reliable contact, the true temperature of the heating block cannot be reflected. Even if the temperature of the heating block 15 is detected on the first surface, it is easily affected by the temperature of the heating assembly 21, which affects the accuracy and reliability of the temperature detection. Electrical connection terminals can also be provided on the lower pressure cover 31 or the bracket to connect with the electrical terminals on the base 20. Preferably, the electrical terminals on the bracket and the electrical terminals on the base 20 are connected by flexible terminals. A heater 212 and / or a fan 225 can also be provided on the bracket; the heater 212 heats the second side of the heating block 15 opposite to the first side to increase the heating power, and the fan 225 can blow air to dissipate heat from the heat dissipation fins 22 on the bracket, which is particularly suitable for situations where the fan 225 needs to be placed on the same side as the heat exchange end 10.

[0167] Magnetic components can also be provided on the heating block 15 or the heat dissipation section 22. Magnetic components can be provided on the heating component 21 and the heat dissipation fins 22 on the base 20 respectively. The heating block 15 or the heat dissipation section 14 can be installed on the base 20 respectively through the magnetic components. The magnetic components can be the aforementioned magnetic component 45.

[0168] The upper clamping mechanism and the lower clamping mechanism can be combined into one clamping mechanism. For example, the upper swing arm 42 and the lower swing arm 32 can be set coaxially, that is, the upper swing arm 42 and the lower swing arm 32 can be rotatably connected to the base 20 on the same axis.

[0169] The upper pressure cover (upper pressure member) 41 and the lower pressure cover (lower pressure member) 31 can be combined into one pressure cover (pressure member). For example, the rotating shafts of the upper pressure cover 41 and the lower pressure cover 31 are coaxially arranged, that is, the upper pressure cover 41 and the lower pressure cover 31 are rotatably connected to the base 20 through the same shaft, or the upper pressure cover 41 and the lower pressure cover 31 are connected together and can be slidably mounted on the base 20 relative to the base 20.

[0170] like Figure 1dThe upper pressure cover 41 shown can be regarded as an upper pressure member. The upper clamping mechanism includes an upper pressure member that can be rotatably mounted on the base around the first axis and an upper swing rod. The upper swing rod 42 can swing around the second axis on the base. The included angle between the first axis and the second axis is 0 degrees and the error is no more than ±40°. The upper pressure member can swing and press against the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10 and press the heat dissipation section against the heat dissipation fins 22. The upper swing rod 42 is used to swing above the upper pressure member and clamp the upper pressure member toward the heating component.

[0171] like Figure 10a and Figure 10b The upper pressure cover 41 can be regarded as an upper pressure member. Of course, the upper pressure cover 41 can also be pressed against the hot end 10 without swinging. The upper clamping mechanism includes an upper pressure member and an elastic member. The elastic member applies a force to the upper pressure member so that the upper pressure member presses against the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10 and presses against the heat dissipation fins 22; or as... Figure 10a and Figure 10b As shown, the upper clamping mechanism includes a movable heat dissipation fin (i.e., upper pressure cover 41) and an elastic member 35. The elastic member applies a force to the movable heat dissipation fin to cause the movable heat dissipation fin to swing or move against the heat dissipation section 14 toward the heat dissipation fin 22, thereby clamping the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10; or as... Figure 12a As shown, the upper clamping mechanism includes heat dissipation fins 22, a limiting structure 67, and an elastic element 35. The elastic force provided by the elastic element 35 causes the heat dissipation fins 22 to swing or move in the direction of the heat dissipation section 14 where the heat end 10 is installed, and to be limited by the limiting structure 67 against the heat dissipation section.

[0172] The upper pressure component can be an upper pressure rod, an upper pressure plate, an upper pressure cover, an upper swing rod, or a movable heat dissipation fin; the lower pressure component can be a lower pressure rod, a lower pressure plate, a lower pressure cover, a lower swing rod, a movable heating component, or a heating base.

[0173] Preferably, the heat dissipation fins or heating components are elastically and movably connected to the base, or the heat dissipation fins or heating components are elastically and movably connected or floatingly connected to each other. This facilitates the adjustment and adaptation of their respective installation deviations, and ensures that the heating section of the hot end and the heating surface on the heating component, as well as the heat dissipation section of the hot end and the heat dissipation surface on the heat dissipation fins, achieve reliable contact simultaneously. Alternatively, it facilitates reliable contact between the heat dissipation surface of the heat dissipation fins and the heat dissipation section of the hot end when the heating section of the hot end is reliably positioned. Reliable positioning and fixing of the heating section of the hot end helps ensure the positioning accuracy of the extrusion port of the hot end, and reliable contact between the heat dissipation surface of the heat dissipation fins and the heat dissipation section of the hot end facilitates effective heat dissipation of the heat dissipation section.

[0174] The heat dissipation fins have a side-open heat dissipation surface that is in contact with the heat dissipation section of the heating end. That is, the heat dissipation fins are provided with a side-open heat dissipation surface for close contact with the heat dissipation section of the hot end. This facilitates heat conduction and heat dissipation between the heat dissipation section and the heat dissipation fins, and also makes it easier to install and remove the hot end. For example, the hot end can be easily disassembled and installed in a direction that is generally perpendicular to the feed pipe of the heat dissipation section.

[0175] The heat dissipation fins 22 can be fixedly connected to the base, or the heat dissipation fins 22 can be elastically or floatingly connected to the base, or the heat dissipation fins 22 and the heating assembly 21 can be fixedly connected, elastically connected, or floatingly connected. An elastically connected connection means that the heat dissipation fins and the base or heating assembly can have an elastic force, and the two can also move relative to each other (such as swinging or moving). A floating connection means that the heat dissipation fins are in a floating state relative to the base or heating assembly when the hot end is not installed on the base, allowing free movement within a small range. For example, a limiting structure can restrict the excessive movement of the heat dissipation fins. However, when the hot end is installed on the base, the heat dissipation fins will contact and be fixed to the heat dissipation section of the hot end, while the heating section of the hot end is fixedly installed on the heating assembly. The heat dissipation fins are then in a fixed state and no longer floating. For example... Figure 4c , Figure 5b , Figures 9b to 9e , Figures 11a to 11c and Figure 12a The heat dissipation fins 22 (or 22a or 22b) shown in the diagram are elastically connected to the base or heating assembly. The heat dissipation fins can move relative to the base or heating assembly and can move (move or swing) towards the hot end 10 under the elastic force provided by the elastic element 35. If the elastic element 35 is removed, the heat dissipation fins 22 (or heat dissipation fins 22a and 22b) are floatingly connected to the base or heating assembly. For example, if... Figure 10a and Figure 10b If the upper cover 41 is regarded as the heat dissipation fin 22, then the heat dissipation fin 22 (upper cover 41) is also elastically and movably connected to the base or heating component.

[0176] The heat dissipation fins can move elastically at a 90-degree or 70-110-degree angle to the heating surface 221 on the heating component 21. This helps to ensure that after the heat dissipation section of the hot end makes reliable contact with the heat dissipation fins, the first surface of the heating section of the hot end can also reliably fit with the heating surface 221 of the heating component.

[0177] A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the heat dissipation section is installed on the base 20. This temperature sensor can be mounted on the heat dissipation fins 22 or the upper pressure cover 41. Mounting the temperature sensor on the upper pressure cover 41 can also be understood as mounting it on the heat dissipation fins 22. Figure 1a , Figure 1e , Figure 4a , Figure 5b , Figure 7a or Figure 8b As shown, a temperature sensor 215 is mounted on the heat sink fin 22 to detect the temperature of the heat sink section 14. This temperature sensor 215 can also be mounted on the upper pressure cover 41. The temperature sensor can be used to control the heat sink mechanism, such as controlling the fan 225 speed, the airflow speed at the vent, or the coolant flow rate, so that the temperature of the heat sink section remains at a preset value or preset range. This preset value or preset range can be adjusted according to the material of the printing material, the softening temperature of the printing material, the extrusion speed of the printing material, the printing speed, or the ambient temperature. When the temperature value of the sensor is lower than the preset value 1, the fan 225 stops rotating; when it is higher than the preset value 2, the fan 225 starts rotating. The preset value 2 is greater than or equal to the preset value 1. The signal controlling the fan 225 speed can include the temperature value multiplied by a feedback proportional coefficient.

[0178] A detection sensor is installed on the base to detect the presence and proper installation of the hot end. For example... Figure 1a , Figure 1e , Figure 4a , Figure 5b and Figure 7a As shown, a detection sensor 23 is mounted on the heat dissipation fin 22 to detect whether the hot end 10 is installed on the base or whether the lower clamping mechanism and / or the upper clamping mechanism is properly engaged. The detection sensor 23 can be mounted on the heating assembly 21 and / or the heat dissipation fin 22 to detect whether the hot end is installed on the base or whether the clamping mechanism is properly engaged. For example, the signal from the detection sensor 23 can be used for system detection. If it is not detected that the hot end 10 is not installed properly or the clamping mechanism is not properly engaged, an alarm can be triggered, or printing cannot be started, and heating of the heating assembly 21 and / or the heat dissipation mechanism of the heat dissipation fin 22 cannot be started. The detection sensor 23 can be mounted on the heat dissipation fin 22, the heating assembly 21, the upper pressure cover (upper pressure member) 41, or the lower pressure cover (lower pressure member) 31. Specifically, when the hot end 10 is installed on the base 20 or the clamping mechanism is properly engaged, the detection sensor 23 will be triggered. The detection sensor 23 can be a limit switch, a touch switch, a Hall sensor, or a photoelectric sensor, etc. Temperature sensors on the upper or lower pressure cover 41 of the heating assembly 21, used to detect the temperature of the heating assembly 21 or the heating section 12, can provide feedback control to maintain the heating assembly 21 at a preset temperature. Ideally, the trigger signal of the detection sensor 23 must be detected before heating the heating assembly 21 is started. This avoids overheating damage or printing failure that may occur if heating is performed without the heating section 10 installed.

[0179] Figure 8aThis diagram illustrates a 3D print head and a 3D printing apparatus with a fast heat exchange end. The 3D print head shown includes a fast heat exchange end structure comprising a hot end 10 and a base 20. The diagram illustrates the hot end 10 resting on the base 20, but with all clamping mechanisms in the open position. The 3D print head also includes a feeder (i.e., an extruder) for conveying filamentous printing material 50 along the axial direction of the printing material, for example, conveying it to the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10, the heating block 15, and finally extruding it through the extrusion port 11. The feeder includes at least two rotating rollers, at least one of which is a compression roller. For example, one rotating roller can be a compression roller 51 and the other a driven roller 52, or both rotating rollers can be compression rollers 51. The two rotating rollers or the compression roller 51 and the driven roller 52 cooperate to drive the printing material 50 to feed. In this fast heat exchanger structure, both the base 20 and the feeder are mounted on the print head 89. For example, the heat dissipation fins 22 of the base are fixedly connected to the print head 89, or the heat dissipation fins 22 and the print head 89 are integrally formed. The extrusion roller 51 can also be driven to rotate via a linear-angle coupling transmission mechanism. For example, the linkage wheel 81 of the linear-angle coupling transmission mechanism is connected to the extrusion roller 51, causing the extrusion roller 51 to rotate in the direction shown by arrow T in the figure. Simultaneously, it can also drive the feeder, base 20, and hot end 10 to move along the direction of arrow X (track 69). The printing material 50 driven by the feeder is conveyed downwards to the hot end 10 and extruded through the extrusion port 11 onto the printing platform 92, stacking layer by layer to form a three-dimensional model. Ideally, the linkage wheel 81 of the linear-angle coupling transmission mechanism is coaxially fixedly connected to the extrusion roller 51 of the feeder, and the axis of the linkage wheel 81 is substantially parallel to the surface of the printing platform 92 or substantially perpendicular to the extrusion direction of the extrusion port 11. Furthermore, the extrusion roller 51 can be integrally formed with the linkage wheel 81, resulting in a compact structure and reliable transmission. The output shaft of the first motor 611 is connected to the upper right wheel 84, and the output shaft of the second motor 612 is connected to the lower left wheel 83. The upper left wheel 82, lower left wheel 83, upper right wheel 84, and lower right wheel 85 are rotatably mounted on the end seat 95. The guide rail 96, the first motor 611, and the second motor 612 are also fixed to the end seat 95. The end seat 95 can move along the vertical guide rail 691. For example, a third motor 613 drives the lead screw 97 to drive the end seat 95 to move along the vertical guide rail 691, as indicated by the Z arrow in the figure. The printing platform 92 can be driven by a fourth motor, for example, by a synchronous belt, moving along the direction of the vertical guide rail 69 and the vertical guide rail 691, i.e., along the longitudinal guide rail 692, as indicated by the Y arrow in the figure. The linkage wheel 81 can be coaxially fixed to the extrusion roller 51 and then its two ends can be connected to the lower horizontal plate 891 and the upper horizontal plate 892 or the extension of the upper horizontal plate 892 of the printing base 89, respectively, such as the two ends being rotatably connected by bearings. Alternatively, the linkage wheel 81 can be coaxially fixed to the extrusion roller 51 and then rotatably sleeved onto a shaft, the two ends of which are fixed to the lower horizontal plate 891 and the upper horizontal plate 892 or the extension of the upper horizontal plate, respectively.A fan can also be installed on the print head, for example, the fan is fixed to the heat sink fin 22 (not shown in the figure), which makes it easier to achieve better airflow and more sufficient airflow to the heat sink fin.

[0180] Figure 8b The diagram illustrates the eighth type of fast heat exchanger structure. The pressing member 34 presses the heating section 12 of the hot end 10 against the heating assembly 21. The heating assembly 21 is equipped with a heater 212, which is an induction heating coil. For example, the heating section 12 is inductively heated via AC electromagnetic induction. The heating section 12 does not need to be in contact with the heating surface of the heating assembly 21. For example, a spacer 218 can be provided between the heating section 12 and the heating assembly 21. The spacer 218 can be a heat-insulating material or a small support structure, maintaining a certain distance between the heating section 12 and the heating assembly (heating surface) or increasing the thermal resistance between them to achieve a corresponding heat-insulating structure installation. This helps prevent heat from the heating section 12 from being conducted to the heating assembly 21 or the heater 212, reducing heat loss from the heating section 12 and lowering the temperature of the heater 212, thus promoting good working conditions. The heating section 12 only needs to be installed correspondingly to the heating assembly 21 (heater 212). Alternatively, the heating section 12 can be placed against the heating assembly 21. Additionally, the heat dissipation fins 22 can be abutted against the heat dissipation section of the hot end by the action of the elastic member 35. For example, the elastic member 35 can be a compression spring, with its two ends abutting against the heat dissipation fins 22 and the base frame 201 respectively. The base frame 201 can be fixedly connected to the heating assembly 21. When the hot end is not installed, the heat dissipation fins 22 move under the action of the elastic member 35 until they are limited by the limiting structure 67. A temperature sensor 213 can also be provided on the pressing member 34 to detect the temperature of the second surface of the heating block 12 (the surface away from the heating assembly 21). This arrangement helps to reduce the influence between the temperature detection of the temperature sensor 213 and the induction heating of the heater 212.

[0181] like Figure 8a and Figure 9aAs shown, the linear-angle coupling transmission mechanism includes a guide rail 69, a linkage wheel 81, a print base 893, a left synchronous belt 87, and a right synchronous belt 88. The linkage wheel 81 is rotatably mounted on the print base 89, which can move along the guide rail 69. The left synchronous belt 87 and the right synchronous belt 88 are annular synchronous belts (i.e., closed synchronous belts) and are respectively engaged on opposite sides of the linkage wheel 81. The left synchronous belt 87 is stretched along the direction parallel to the guide rail 69 by the upper left wheel 82 and the lower left wheel 83, and the right synchronous belt 88 is stretched along the direction parallel to the guide rail 69 by the upper right wheel 84 and the lower right wheel 85. The linkage wheel 81, the upper left wheel 82, the lower left wheel 83, the upper right wheel 84, and the lower right wheel 85 are all synchronous belt pulleys. Furthermore, the print base 89 may also include an upper horizontal plate 892, a lower horizontal plate 891, and a column 893. The upper horizontal plate 892 and the lower horizontal plate 891 are fixedly connected to form a whole by the column 893. Preferably, the column 893 is located between the left synchronous belt 87 and the right synchronous belt 88, but it can also be located outside the left synchronous belt 87 and the right synchronous belt 88 or at other positions. Furthermore, the line-angle coupling transmission mechanism may also include guide wheels 86. The guide wheels 86 can rotate relative to the print base 89 about an axis parallel to the rotation axis of the linkage wheel 81. The four guide wheels 86, namely the first guide wheel, the second guide wheel, the third guide wheel, and the fourth guide wheel, can each rotate relative to the print base 89. The left synchronous belt 87 and the right synchronous belt 88 are offset along the axial direction of the linkage wheel 81 and overlap along the axial direction of the linkage wheel 81. The inner side of the left synchronous belt 87 meshes with one side of the linkage wheel 81, and the outer side meshes with the first guide wheel and the right synchronous belt 88 respectively. The three guide wheels are engaged, with the inner side of the right synchronous belt 88 meshing with the other side of the linkage wheel 81, and the outer side engaging with the second and fourth guide wheels respectively. Each guide wheel can be a toothless smooth wheel. Ideally, the first and second guide wheels are rotatably mounted on the first shaft, and the third and fourth guide wheels are rotatably mounted on the second shaft. The first and second shafts are arranged on both sides of the linkage wheel 81 along the direction of the guide rail 69. One end of the first and second shafts can be fixedly connected to the lower horizontal plate 891, and the other end can be fixedly connected to the upper horizontal plate 892.

[0182] Figure 9a This illustration depicts another 3D print head and 3D printing device with a fast heat exchange end. The 3D print head includes a print head 89 and a nozzle holder rotatably mounted on the print head 89. The nozzle holder can be a linkage wheel 81 or a base frame 201 fixedly connected to the linkage wheel 81. The nozzle holder can be fixedly connected to the linkage wheel 81 or integrally formed. A fast heat exchange end structure is disposed on the nozzle holder. For example, the base 20 of the fast heat exchange end structure is connected to the linkage wheel 81, and for example, heat dissipation fins 22 are fixedly connected to the linkage wheel 81. Figure 9aThe diagram illustrates an annular boss above the heat dissipation fins 22 that matches and is fixed to the lower ring of the linkage wheel 81. Alternatively, the base frame 201 or heating assembly 21 can be fixed to the linkage wheel 81, with the heat dissipation fins 22 and the base frame 201 or heating assembly 21 being elastically movable. The fast heat exchange end structure can rotate with the linkage wheel 81. The linkage wheel 81 can be driven to rotate by a linear coupling transmission mechanism or by a motor drive. The linkage wheel 81 also includes an axial through hole 59 for flexible wiring to pass through. The flexible wiring may include the first feed tube 71 and / or the second feed tube 72, and may also include wires, such as wires connected to the heater 212 or temperature sensor 213 on the hot end 10, and may also include air supply pipes, etc. The rotation axis of the linkage wheel 81 is perpendicular to the printing platform 92 or parallel to the axis of the extrusion port 11. Preferably, the axis of the extrusion port 11 of the hot end 10 is coaxial with the axis of rotation of the nozzle seat or the linkage wheel 81.

[0183] Figures 9a to 9e The diagram also illustrates a ninth type of fast heat exchanger structure, in which a hot end 10 and a secondary hot end 10a are provided, and a heating seat 211 and a secondary heating seat 211a are provided on the base 20. The heating seat 211 and the secondary heating seat 211a are respectively fixedly connected to the heat dissipation fins 22 at intervals by heat insulation parts 219. Alternatively, the heat dissipation fins 22 are elastically and movably connected to the heating assembly 21, for example... Figure 9aThe heating assembly 21 and the auxiliary heating assembly 21a are fixedly connected to the base frame 201, and the base frame 201 is fixedly connected to the linkage wheel 81. The hot end 10 includes a heat dissipation section 14, a throat section 13, a heating block 15, and an extrusion port 11. The auxiliary hot end 10a includes an auxiliary heat dissipation section 14a, an auxiliary throat section 13a, an auxiliary heating block 15a, and an auxiliary extrusion port 11a. The auxiliary heat dissipation section 14a can be considered as being merged into the auxiliary throat section 13a, or the auxiliary heat dissipation section 14a is a very short section located above the auxiliary throat section 13a (not shown in the figure), because the auxiliary heat dissipation section 14a does not need to be connected to the heat dissipation fins 22. Alternatively, the auxiliary hot end 10a includes the auxiliary extrusion port 11a and the auxiliary heating section 12a, and does not need to include the auxiliary throat section 13a and the auxiliary heat dissipation section 14a. Heating block 15 is attached to heating base 211, heat dissipation section 14 is attached to heat dissipation fins 22, and auxiliary heating block 15a is attached to auxiliary heating base 211a. A gap is left above the auxiliary heat dissipation section 14a or auxiliary throat section 13a (the auxiliary heat dissipation section 14a is merged into the auxiliary throat section 13a) or above the auxiliary heating end 10a. At this gap, the continuous fiber printing material at the gap can be cut by a cutter (cutting blade) 55. The heating end 10 is used to extrude heated and molten plastic printing material. The first feed pipe 71 conveys the filamentous plastic printing material to the heat dissipation section 14 and heating block 15, and then extrudes it onto the printing platform through the extrusion port 11. The auxiliary heating end 10a is used to extrude continuous fiber printing material. The continuous fiber printing material conveyed by the second feed pipe 72 is conveyed to the auxiliary heating section 12a and then extruded onto the printing platform through the auxiliary extrusion port 11a. The auxiliary extrusion port 11 is optimally inclined towards the direction of the extrusion port 11. The 3D print head and the printing platform 92 can move relative to each other. During the printing process, the fast heat exchange end structure is rotated by the linkage wheel 81, so that the extrusion port 11 and the secondary extrusion port 11a can both extrude their respective printing materials onto the printing platform 92 along the preset printing path. Preferably, the second feeding pipe 72 for conveying printing material to the secondary heating end 10a is inclined above the secondary heating end 10a toward the first feeding pipe 71 for conveying printing material to the hot end 10. This facilitates the first feeding pipe 71 and the second feeding pipe 72 to approach each other, and makes it easier to increase the distance between the axis of the inlet of the secondary heating end 10 and the axis of the inlet of the hot end 10. It also facilitates setting a more inclined angle for the secondary extrusion port 11a of the secondary heating end 10a toward the extrusion port 11 of the hot end 10, and also helps to reduce the diameter of the through hole 59.

[0184] Figures 9b to 9eThe quick-exchange heat exchange end structure is further illustrated, including a hot end 10 and a secondary hot end 10a. The secondary hot end 10a includes a secondary extrusion port 11a and a secondary heating section 12a connected in sequence. Two heating components are provided on the base: a heating component 21 and a secondary heating component 21a. The heating section 12a of the hot end 10 and the secondary heating section 12a of the secondary hot end 10a are respectively installed correspondingly to or in contact with the heating surfaces of the two heating components, namely the heating component 21 and the secondary heating component 21a. For example, heating blocks are provided on the heating section 12a and the secondary heating section 12a, and the first surfaces on the heating blocks correspond to the heating surfaces on the two heating components. The secondary hot end 10a is inclined towards the hot end 10; or, as... Figure 9d and Figure 9e As shown, the secondary heating end 10a includes a tube 18a bent towards the heating end 10. A groove 2110 corresponding to the bent tube 18a is provided on the heating assembly 21a corresponding to the secondary heating end 10a for contact with the bent tube 18a; alternatively, the secondary heating end 10a is used for printing continuous fiber printing material, and the secondary heating section 12a relative to the secondary heating end 10a on the continuous fiber printing material conveying line has a gap 76 on the side away from the secondary extrusion port 11a for the cutter 55 to cut the continuous fiber printing material. The figure illustrates that the bent tube 18a can extend above the secondary heating section 12a to facilitate the formation of the gap 76 with the upper conveying pipe; however, the bent tube 18a may not need to extend above the secondary heating section 12a. The bent tube 18a can be made of copper, stainless steel, or other wear-resistant and thermally conductive metal tubes. Additionally, as... Figure 9a The schematic diagram shows that the secondary extrusion port 11a of the auxiliary hot end 10a of the continuous fiber printing material 72 is inclined toward the extrusion port of the hot end 10 and / or the second feed pipe 72 for conveying printing material to the auxiliary hot end 10a is inclined above the auxiliary hot end 10a toward the first feed pipe 71 for conveying printing material to the hot end 10.

[0185] For reference Figures 9b to 9e , Figures 11a to 11c ,or Figure 5a and Figure 5cAs shown, the heat dissipation fin 22 includes two heat dissipation fins, namely the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b. The first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b are movably connected, elastically connected, or floatingly connected to the base 20 or the heating assembly 21. For example, they are elastically connected to the base, meaning that the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b are respectively provided with elastic elements 35. Each heat dissipation fin can have one elastic element, or only one elastic element can act on both the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b simultaneously. For example, the elastic element can be a tension spring, with its two ends connected to the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b respectively, pulling the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b to move (swing or move) towards each other. Figure 9c The diagram illustrates that the elastic elements 35 corresponding to the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b are respectively coil springs sleeved on the first shaft 401 and the second shaft 402. Alternatively, they can be compression springs that push the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b from the outside towards each other. The first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b can rotate around their respective axes. The corresponding axes of the two heat dissipation fins can be coaxial, the same, or two axes. For example, the first heat dissipation fin 22a rotates around the first axis 401, and the second heat dissipation fin 22b rotates around the second axis 402. The elastic elements 35 respectively provide elastic force to the corresponding first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b to swing towards the mounting hot end 10 or to provide elastic force to the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b to swing towards each other. The base frame 201 can be a heat insulation part 219 or a heat insulation part 219 can be provided between the base frame 201 and the heating component 21.

[0186] Other references may also be made Figure 5bAs shown, for example, the heat dissipation fins include two heat dissipation fins: a first heat dissipation fin 22a (i.e., heat dissipation fin 22 in the figure) and a second heat dissipation fin 22b (i.e., the upper pressure cover 41 in the figure). The first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b are movably connected to the base, for example, they are elastically connected to the base. That is, the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b are respectively provided with elastic elements 35. Each heat dissipation fin can be provided with one elastic element, or only one elastic element can be provided to act on the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b at the same time. For example, the elastic element can be a tension spring, with its two ends connected to the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b respectively, pulling the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b to move towards each other (swing or move). Alternatively, as shown in the figure, the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b can be connected to the base. Two heat dissipation fins 22b are distributed with an elastic element 35. For example, the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b can be translated (moved) relative to the base or heating component 21. The first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b can move towards each other and bring the heating section 14 between them against each other from both sides. The angle between the translation direction of the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b and the axis of the printing material conveying line of the heat dissipation section 14 is 90 degrees, with an error of no more than ±45°. The elastic element 35 acts on the corresponding first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b from the hot end 10 to make the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b translate towards the hot end between them. That is, the elastic element 35 provides elastic force in the direction of the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b facing each other.

[0187] like Figures 9b to 9e Alternatively, the angle between the rotation axis (first axis 401 and second axis 402) of the first heat dissipation fin 22a and / or the second heat dissipation fin 22b and the axis of the printing material conveying line of the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10 is 0 degrees, with an error of no more than ±40°; the elastic element 35 acts on its respective first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b to provide elastic force for the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b to swing from both sides of the hot end 10 toward the direction of mounting the hot end 10; or, the angle between the direction of movement of the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b and the axis of the printing material conveying line of the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10 is 90 degrees, with an error of no more than ±40°; the elastic element 35 acts on its respective first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b to provide elastic force for the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b to move from both sides of the hot end 10 toward the direction of mounting the hot end 10.

[0188] Or, such as Figure 11a and Figure 11cThe diagram illustrates that the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b are respectively provided with heat dissipation surfaces 221a and 221b that match the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end. If the heat dissipation section 14 is cylindrical or tubular, the two heat dissipation surfaces (heat dissipation surface 221a and heat dissipation surface 221b) can be semi-circular tubular shapes arranged in opposite directions. Alternatively, guide slopes 227 are respectively provided on the side of the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b facing the hot end 10 for installation and removal. The two guide slopes 227 form an opening shape that is larger on the outside and smaller on the inside. The larger end of this conical opening structure faces outward to facilitate the installation of the hot end. For example, it facilitates the installation of the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10 by pushing aside the first heat dissipation fins 22a and the second heat dissipation fins 22b when the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10 is installed between the first heat dissipation fins 22a and the second heat dissipation fins 22b from the outside and then installing it onto the base or fast heat exchanger structure. In addition, or when the hot end 10 is installed onto the fast heat exchanger structure, the first heat dissipation fins 22a and the second heat dissipation fins 22b... The heat dissipation surface of the heat dissipation fin 22b is close to the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10. Alternatively, when the hot end 10 is not installed on the quick heat exchange end structure, the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b are mutually abutted and limited. Or the quick heat exchange end structure also includes a limiting part (such as the column structure on both sides of the base frame 201 in the figure, or other structures that can limit the excessive swinging of the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b). The first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b are respectively limited by the limiting part. When the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b are limited, preferably, the opening size of the large end of the conical opening structure formed by the two guide slopes 227 on the front (outer side) is greater than or equal to the outer size (such as the outer diameter) of the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10, so that the heat dissipation fin 14 can be inserted into the conical opening structure formed between the two guide slopes 227 and push the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b to both sides.

[0189] Alternatively, the heat dissipation fins 22 may include a first heat dissipation fin 22a and a second heat dissipation fin 22b, one of which is elastically movable and swayable or translatable on the base or connected to the heating assembly 21. Alternatively, the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b may be floatingly connected to the base, such as... Figure 11aAs shown, the elastic element 35 can be removed. The upper swing arm 42 is rotatably mounted on the first heat dissipation fin 22a. For example, it can be rotatably mounted on the first heat dissipation fin 22a via a third shaft 403 mounted on the first heat dissipation fin 22a. A corresponding upper locking part 413 is provided on the second heat dissipation fin 22b. When the hot end 10 is installed on the base, the first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin swing towards each other and contact the heat dissipation section of the hot end between them. The upper swing arm 42 swings towards the second heat dissipation fin 22b and locks the second heat dissipation fin 22b. For example, it locks onto the upper locking part 413 on the second heat dissipation fin 22b, thus locking the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b towards each other and contacting and locking the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10 between the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b. Of course, one of the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b can be fixedly connected to the base or the heating component 21. As shown in the figure, the angle between the third shaft 403 and the axis of the first shaft 401, the second shaft 402, or the axis of the feeding pipe of the hot end 10 is 0 degrees, with an error of no more than ±40°.

[0190] in addition, Figure 1d or Figure 1f The upper pressure cap 41 can be similar to Figures 9b to 9e , Figures 11a to 11c The second heat dissipation fin 22b, Figure 1d or Figure 1f The heat dissipation fins 22 can also be movably connected to the base 20 or to the heating assembly 21. For example, the heat dissipation fins 22 can also be connected to the base or the heating assembly 21 via another pivot. Figure 1d or Figure 1f The heat dissipation fins 22 in the middle can also be regarded as Figures 9b to 9e , Figures 11a to 11c The first heat dissipation fin 22a can be adjusted by the upper swing rod 42. Figure 1d or Figure 1f Heat dissipation fin 22) and second heat dissipation fin 22b Figure 1d or Figure 1f The upper pressure cap 41) is locked in place, causing the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10 between them to contact and lock. When the hot end 10 is not installed, the first heat dissipation fin 22a ( Figure 1d or Figure 1f Heat dissipation fin 22) and second heat dissipation fin 22b Figure 1d or Figure 1f The upper pressure cap 41) is floatingly connected to the base, or Figures 9b to 9e , Figures 11a to 11c The elastic element 35 can be removed, and an upper swing rod 42 is provided to clamp the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b. Then, when the hot end 10 is not installed, the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b are floatingly connected to the base.

[0191] Figure 9b , Figure 9c and Figure 9e A lower clamping mechanism is also illustrated, including a lower swing arm 32 and a lower pressing member 34 rotatably mounted on the base 20. The rotation axis (rotation shaft axis) of the lower swing arm 32 forms a 90-degree angle with the heating surface on the heating assembly 21, with an error of no more than ±45°. The rotation axis of the lower pressing member 34 forms a 0-degree angle with the heating surface on the heating assembly 21, with an error of no more than ±40°. The lower swing arm 32 and the lower pressing member 34 are disposed on both sides of the heating assembly 21 or the hot end 10. When the lower pressing member 34 rotates to the position above the heating section 12 of the hot end 10, it presses the heating section 12 against the heating assembly 21. When the lower swing arm 32 rotates to the position above the lower pressing member 34, it presses the lower pressing member 34 and the heating section 12 against the heating assembly 21. The auxiliary heating end 10a can also be fixed in a similar manner, that is, the rotation axis of the auxiliary lower swing arm 32a forms a 90-degree angle with the heating surface on the auxiliary heating assembly 21a, with an error of no more than ±45°, and the rotation axis of the auxiliary lower pressing member 34a forms a 0-degree angle with the heating surface on the auxiliary heating assembly 21a, with an error of no more than ±40°. The auxiliary lower swing arm 32a and the auxiliary lower pressing member 34a are set on both sides of the auxiliary heating assembly 21a or the auxiliary heating end 10a. When the auxiliary lower pressing member 34a rotates to the position above the auxiliary heating section 12a of the auxiliary heating end 10a, it presses the auxiliary heating section 12a against the auxiliary heating assembly 21a. When the auxiliary lower swing arm 32a rotates to the position above the auxiliary lower pressing member 34a, it presses the auxiliary lower pressing member 34a and the auxiliary heating section 12a against the auxiliary heating assembly 21a. Preferably, the rotating shaft of the lower pressure member 34 and the rotating shaft of the secondary lower pressure member 34a are located on the side where the heating assembly 21 and the secondary heating assembly 21a are close to each other, that is, at a position where the lower pressure member 34 and the secondary lower pressure member 34a face each other. This allows the lower pressure member 34 and the secondary lower pressure member 34a to swing in the direction of mutual approach when they are in the open state, which facilitates the disassembly of the hot end and the secondary hot end of the heating assembly 21 and the secondary heating assembly 21a in areas where they are far apart, and also facilitates the installation of other devices in these areas. Of course, the rotating shafts of the lower pressure member 34 and the secondary lower pressure member 34a can also be located on the side where the heating assembly 21 and the secondary heating assembly 21a are far apart, depending on the specific situation. Figure 9b , Figure 9c and Figure 9e The lower lever 32 or secondary lower lever 32a shown in the diagram also resembles a cam structure or a knob-type structure. (See reference) Figure 9e A boss 305 can also be provided on the lower pressing member 34 or the secondary lower pressing member 34a. Alternatively, the boss 305 can also be provided on the lower rocker arm 32 or the secondary lower rocker arm 32a. Figure 9bAs shown, when the lower swing arm 32 rotates to the first angular position and presses the lower pressure member 34 and the hot end 10 against the heating assembly 21, the boss 305 is located between the lower swing arm 32 and the lower pressure member 34. When the secondary lower swing arm 32a rotates to the third angular position and presses the secondary lower pressure member 34a and the secondary hot end 10a against the secondary heating assembly 21a, the boss 305 is located between the secondary lower swing arm 32a and the secondary lower pressure member 34a. Figure 9b and Figure 9e As shown, the pressing member 34 can also be provided with a clearance groove for the next swing arm 32, such as... Figure 9e This indicates that when the next swing arm 32 rotates to the second angle position, the lower pressure member 34 can avoid the next swing arm 32 through the clearance groove of the lower pressure member 34. The lower pressure member 34 can open or release the clamping state against the hot end 10, such as... Figure 9b This illustrates that when the first swing arm 32 rotates to the first angle position, the extended portions of the first swing arm 32, oriented vertically towards both sides, press against the lower pressure member 34, securing the lower pressure member 34 and pressing the hot end 10 against the heating assembly 21. This ensures that the forces between the first swing arm 32 and the lower pressure member 34 are balanced relative to the rotation axis, resulting in a stable and reliable overall structure. Similarly, the auxiliary hot end can be installed and fixed in a similar manner, such as... Figure 9b and Figure 9e As shown, the secondary lower pressure member 34a can also be provided with a clearance groove for the secondary lower swing arm 32a, such as... Figure 9e This illustrates that when the secondary lower swing arm 32a rotates to the fourth angle position, the secondary lower pressure member 34a swings and can avoid the secondary lower swing arm 32a through the clearance groove of the secondary lower pressure member 34a. The secondary lower pressure member 34a can open or release the clamping state on the secondary hot end 10a, such as... Figure 9b It is shown that when the secondary lower swing arm 32a rotates to the third angle position, the extended parts of the secondary lower swing arm 32a, which are oriented in the direction of the vertical rotation axis, press down on the secondary lower pressure member 34a respectively, clamping the secondary lower pressure member 34a and pressing the secondary hot end 10a onto the secondary heating component 21a.

[0192] Figure 9a To illustrate, preferably, the axis of the hot end 10d extrusion port 11d is coaxial with the rotation axis of the linkage wheel 81 or the nozzle seat. Figures 9b to 9e The diagram also shows that a pipe connector 68 can be set to facilitate connection of the feeding pipe 71 as the hot end 10 to transmit printing material.

[0193] Figures 10a to 10c The diagram illustrates the tenth type of fast heat exchanger structure. Figures 10a to 10c or Figure 6The upper clamping mechanism, as shown in the diagram, includes an upper pressing member (such as an upper pressure cover 41) and an elastic member 35. The elastic member 35 applies a force to the upper pressing member to cause it to swing or move (translate) against the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10 and press against the heat dissipation fins 22. For example, it presses the heat dissipation section 14 against the heat dissipation surface 221 on the heat dissipation fins 22. The diagram shows the upper pressure cover 41 swinging around an axis to press against the heat dissipation section 14. Of course, the upper pressure cover 41 can also be translated to press against the heat dissipation section 14; or as... Figure 10a and Figure 10b and Figure 6 The schematic diagram shows that the locking mechanism includes a movable heat dissipation fin (i.e., the upper pressure cover 41 in the figure) and an elastic element 35. The elastic element 35 applies a force to the movable heat dissipation fin, causing the movable heat dissipation fin to swing or move against the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10 towards the heat dissipation fin 22, thereby locking the heat dissipation section 14 onto the heat dissipation surface 221 of the heat dissipation fin 22; or, Figure 10a and Figure 10b The heat dissipation fin 22 can be regarded as the limiting structure 67, and the upper pressure cover 41 can be regarded as the heat dissipation fin 22, or refer to Figure 12a or Figure 8b The upper clamping mechanism includes heat dissipation fins 22 ( Figures 10a to 10b The upper pressure cover 41 in the middle is also regarded as heat dissipation fin 22), and the limiting structure 67 ( Figures 10a to 10b The heat dissipation fins 22 can be considered as a limiting structure 67 and an elastic element 35. The elastic force provided by the elastic element 35 causes the heat dissipation fins 22 to swing or move in the direction of the heat dissipation section 14 where the heat end 10 is installed, and to be limited by the limiting structure 67 against the heat dissipation section 14. The upper pressure component shown in the figure can be a movable heat dissipation fin, or it can be a lower pressure component, an upper pressure cover, or a swing rod, etc. Figure 10a It can also be illustrated that a gap 76 for the cutting blade 55 to cut the printing material 50 can be provided on the side above the hot end 10 (away from the extrusion port 11). For example, a feeder (extruder) 510 can also be provided above the location where the hot end 10 is installed to convey the printing material 50 to the hot end 10 or the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10. The gap 76 can be provided between the feeder 510 and the hot end 10.

[0194] Figures 11a to 11c The diagram illustrates an eleventh type of fast heat exchanger structure. The heat dissipation fins 22 include two fins: a first heat dissipation fin 22a and a second heat dissipation fin 22b. The side of the first heat dissipation fin 22a facing the second heat dissipation fin 22b has a heat dissipation surface 221a that matches the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10. The side of the second heat dissipation fin 22b facing the first heat dissipation fin 22a has another heat dissipation surface 221b that matches the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10. The first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b oscillate around a first axis 401 and a second axis 402, respectively. Of course, the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b can also oscillate around the same axis, such as... Figure 5c and Figure 5a As shown in the figure. Figure 5c , 10a , Figure 10b , Figures 11a to 11c The middle and lower pressing member 34 can swing around the axis 301 and press towards the hot end under the action of the elastic member 351.

[0195] Figures 11a to 11c ,as well as Figures 10a to 10c The lower pressing member 34 is rotatably mounted on the base 20 via a rotating shaft (rotation shaft) 301. An elastic member 351 is connected to the end of the lower pressing member 34 furthest from the hot end 10. The elastic member 351 applies a spring force to the corresponding end of the lower pressing member 34, causing the lower pressing member 34 to rotate around the rotating shaft 301. This causes the end of the lower pressing member 34 closest to the hot end 10 to press against the hot end 10, fixing the hot end 10 to the base. Two lower pressing members 34 are provided corresponding to the heating section 12 of the hot end 10, one pressing against the upper part and the other against the lower part of the heating section 12 of the hot end 10. Furthermore, the axis of the rotating shaft 301 can be at an angle of 0 degrees to the axis of the feeding mechanism of the hot end 10, with an error not exceeding ±40°. The end of the pressing member 34 facing the hot end 10 may also be provided with a slope. The slope allows the hot end 10 to be easily pushed open by the pressing member 34 and installed on the base. When the hot end 10 moves relative to the base, the end side of the hot end 10 contacts the slope of the outward end of the pressing member 34. The slope guides the hot end 10 to slide into the corresponding part of the pressing member 34 and the base (such as the heating component 21). During the installation of the hot end 10, the elastic force of the elastic member 351 is overcome, causing the pressing member 34 to rotate around the rotating shaft 301, so that one end of it opens to allow the hot end 10 to enter. Conversely, when the hot end 10 moves relative to the base in a direction away from it, the hot end 10 can overcome the clamping force of the pressing member 34 and be removed from the base. After the hot end 10 is removed, the elastic member 351 pushes the pressing member 34 to rotate around the rotating shaft 301, so that the pressing member 34 continues to rotate in the direction in which the hot end 10 is installed. The end of the pressing member 34 can be in contact with the corresponding surface of the base, or be limited by the limiting structure 67, for example... Figure 11bThe swing limiting structure 67 provided on the base shown can be positioned, for example, along the swing path of the pressing member 34 under the action of the elastic force of the elastic member 351. When the hot end 10 is not installed on the base, the pressing member 34 continues to swing in the direction of pressing the hot end under the action of the elastic member 351 until it is limited by the swing limiting structure 67, so that the end of the pressing member 34 maintains a certain distance from the opposite structure of the base (such as the heating component), so that the hot end 10 can be installed again later. The swing limiting structure 67 can be provided on the base frame 201, which has a through hole corresponding to the pressing member 34. The end of the pressing member 34 passes through the through hole and is connected to the elastic member 351. The other end of the elastic member 351 is connected to the corresponding part of the base frame 201. For example, the elastic element 351 can be a cylindrical compression spring, supporting the connection between the corresponding parts of the base frame 201 and the lower pressure element 34. The middle part of the lower pressure element 34 is rotatably mounted on the base frame 201 via a pivot 301. Figures 10a to 10c or Figure 11a As shown, a protrusion 154 is provided on the heating section 12 of the hot end 10. The protrusion 154 is disposed on the second surface 152 of the heating section 12. The pressing member 34 has a corresponding abutment 341 on the protrusion 154. When the pressing member 34 presses the hot end 10, the abutment 341 abuts against the inclined side of one side of the protrusion 154, so that the pressing member 34 clamps the hot end 10 onto the heating assembly 21. Of course, the protrusion 154 can also be a groove structure. For example, the abutment 341 of the protrusion on the pressing member 34 can be pressed into the groove to reliably clamp the hot end 10 onto the base. The abutment 341 is a protrusion structure, and the outer side of the protrusion structure is preferably an arc-shaped surface. The abutment 341 is a protrusion structure pressing against the side of the protrusion 154 or the groove on the heating section 12, which can more reliably clamp the hot end 10. The abutment part can also be a roller or a groove structure (not shown in the figure). The roller is rotatably mounted on the lower pressure member 34. The rotation of the roller can reduce friction and reduce wear when the hot end 10 is replaced.

[0196] Referring to Figure 10c, Figure 12a and Figure 12b The heating assembly 21 may include a heating base, a heating block 15 disposed on the heating section 12, a positioning hole 155 disposed on the heating block 15, and a positioning post 671 corresponding to the positioning hole 155 disposed on the heating base. Alternatively, the positioning post 671 may be disposed on the heating block 15, and the positioning hole 155 corresponding to the positioning post 671 may be disposed on the heating base. Thus, when the hot end 10 is installed on the base, the positioning post 671 is inserted into the positioning hole 155 to achieve precise positioning of the hot end on the base. Preferably, there are two positioning posts 671 and two positioning holes 155. Figure 11aThe diagram also shows that a positioning element 231 can be provided. The heating surface of the heating seat 211 and the positioning element 231 are arranged opposite to each other to position or limit the hot end 10 along the disassembly and movement direction of the hot end.

[0197] Figure 10a , Figure 10b , Figure 11a and Figure 11b The diagram also shows that the detection sensor 23 can detect whether the hot end 10 is installed on the base 20 by detecting the swinging or moving position of the upper pressure cover 41 or the second heat dissipation fin 22b. The detection sensor 23 can also detect whether the upper pressure cover 41 or the heat dissipation fin 22b is locked in place. Figure 11c The sensor 23 can also detect whether the hot end 10 is installed on the base or whether the swing or movement of the pressure member 34 is in place by detecting the swing or movement of the pressure member 34.

[0198] Figure 11a , Figure 13b or Figure 7a The schematic diagram shows that the heating assembly includes a heating base 211 and a secondary heating base 211a. The heating base 211 has a first heating surface, and the secondary heating base 211a has a second heating surface. The first and second heating surfaces are adjacent surfaces with an angle of 90 degrees between them, with an error not exceeding ±45°. For example, heating elements 212-1 and 212-2 can be respectively provided on the heating base 211 and the secondary heating base 211a. Alternatively, heating components can be provided on the pressing member 34 at positions corresponding to the hot end 10, enabling simultaneous heating of both surfaces of the hot end. See also... Figure 12b , Figure 5a or Figure 5b As shown, the heating assembly 21 includes a heating base, on which a first heating surface and a second heating surface are disposed. The first heating surface and the second heating surface are two opposing surfaces with an angle of 0 degrees between them, and the error is no greater than ±45°. For example Figure 5a or Figure 5b The second heating surface is located on the side of the lower pressure cover 31 facing the heating component 21.

[0199] Figure 10b and Figure 11a The diagram also shows that a protective cover 28 can be installed on the outside of the heating component 21 to protect and keep the heating component 21, hot end 10, pressing component, etc., and to prevent the rapid flow of air from affecting the heating.

[0200] Figures 12a to 12bThe diagram illustrates the twelfth type of fast heat exchanger structure. The upper clamping mechanism includes heat dissipation fins 22, a limiting structure 67, and an elastic element 35. The elastic element 35 provides elastic force, causing the heat dissipation fins 22 to swing (or move) towards the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10, abutting against the heat dissipation section 14 until it is limited by the limiting structure 67. For example, the heat dissipation surface 221 on the heat dissipation fins 22 abuts against the heat dissipation section 14 of the hot end 10. The heat dissipation fins 22 can swing around a first shaft 401, and the elastic element 35 can be a torsion spring sleeved on the first shaft 401. A fan 225 can also be provided to blow air onto the heat dissipation fins 22 for cooling.

[0201] like Figure 12b As shown, the lower clamping mechanism includes a heating component 21 and an elastic element 351. The elastic element 351 applies a force to the heating component 21, causing the heating component 21 to move or swing toward the direction of the mounting hot end 10. Figure 12a and Figure 12b The heating component 21 is movable and is acted upon by the elastic element 351, for example, by moving along the axis of the elastic element 351. When installing or removing the hot end, the heating component 21 can be pushed to compress the elastic element 351 to expose the position where the hot end is installed. Figure 12b The diagram also shows that another heater 212a can be installed at the location where the hot end is installed (opposite to the heating component 21), which can enable simultaneous heating of both sides of the heating section of the hot end. Figure 12b The heating component 21 can be mounted on the base and can swing about an axis. Figure 12a The detection sensor 23 can detect the position of the heating assembly 21, for example, by detecting the position of the shaft connected to the heating assembly 21 (which passes through the elastic member 351 in the figure), to determine whether the hot end 10 is installed or whether the heating assembly 21 (as a lower clamping mechanism) is properly clamped. The limiting structure 67 in the figure is L-shaped, with a longitudinal (moving direction of the heating assembly 21) opening and a transverse (perpendicular to the extension direction of the positioning post 671 or the moving direction of the heating assembly 21) limiting section. When installing the hot end, it can be inserted through the longitudinal opening and then moved laterally to the transverse limiting section for limiting.

[0202] Figure 13a , Figure 12a or Figure 12b The lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressing member 34 and an elastic member 351. The lower pressing member 34 is located on the side of the hot end 10 away from the heating component 21 or away from the base 20. The lower pressing member 34 can move relative to the heating component 21 or the base 20. The elastic member 351 is used to apply a spring force to the lower pressing member 34 so that the lower pressing member 34 tends to move towards the hot end 10. Figure 12a and Figure 12b The heating component 21 can be regarded as the pressing component 34.

[0203] Figure 13bThe lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressing member 34 and an elastic member. The rotating shaft (rotation shaft) 301 of the lower pressing member 34 is located on the side of the heating assembly 21 away from the hot end 10. The lower pressing member 34 is provided with a clamping part 306 for clamping the hot end 10. The clamping part 306 is located on the side of the hot end 10 away from the heating assembly 21 or the rotating shaft 301. The elastic member 301 applies a spring force to the lower pressing member 34, causing the lower pressing member 34 to swing towards the hot end 10.

[0204] refer to Figures 10a to 13b The lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressing member 34 and an elastic member 35. The elastic member 35 applies a force to the lower pressing member 34, causing the lower pressing member 34 to move or swing toward the direction of the hot end being installed.

[0205] Figures 13a to 13c The thirteenth fast heat exchanger structure is illustrated. The fast heat exchanger mechanism's clamping mechanism includes a base 20 and a lever 56, or the base 20 is mounted on the print head. The lower clamping mechanism of the fast heat exchanger structure has a lower pressing member and / or the upper clamping mechanism has an upper pressing member. The lower pressing member and / or the upper pressing member has a levering part, and it also includes an elastic element (e.g., Figures 13a to 13c The elastic element 351 applies an elastic force to the lower or upper pressure element, causing the lower or upper pressure element to swing or move toward the direction of the hot end 10.

[0206] When removing or installing the hot end 10, the base 20 or printhead moves to the corresponding position of the lever 56. Through the relative movement (movement) between the base or printhead and the lever 56, the lever 56 actuates the lever portion of the lower and / or upper pressure members, causing the lower and / or upper pressure members to be pushed away against the force of the elastic member. Then the hot end 10 can be removed or installed onto the printhead or base. Then, the printhead or base can be separated from the lever 56, and the lower and / or upper pressure members may move towards the direction of installation of the hot end 10 under the action of the elastic member 351, restoring the pressing or locking state against the hot end. Figure 13a The actuating part 29 is an open structure provided on the pressing member 34, and the actuating member 56 is a corresponding rod structure. Figure 13b The schematic diagram shows the shifter as the shaft structure on the pressing member 34, and the shifter 56 as the corresponding shift fork structure. Additionally, Figure 4a and Figure 4b It also illustrates that a slotted or elongated actuating part 29 is provided on the lower pressure member (the next swing arm 32). The fast heat exchange end structure also includes a corresponding rod-shaped actuating part 56. The actuating part 29 on the next swing arm 32 can be actuated by the actuating part 56 to open the next swing arm 32 (e.g., Figure 4a ) or clamping (such as Figure 4b Preferably, such as Figure 4bThe pressing component is mounted on the base and rotates around the pivot 301. The pivot 301 is perpendicular to the turning direction of the lever 56, or perpendicular to the heating surface 2111 of the heating assembly 21, or parallel to the mounting direction of the hot end 10 onto the base. The pressing component (the lower lever 32) is provided with a clamping part 306 and a turning part 29. The clamping part 306 and the turning part 29 are arranged circumferentially offset around the pivot 301, which makes it easy for the lever 56 to turn the turning part 29 to open or close the pressing component. Figure 4a and Figure 4b The pressing component can also be equipped with an elastic element 351, which elastically causes the pressing component (the next swing arm 32) to swing toward the hot end 10. Figure 13c The locking mechanism may also include two pressing members 34. These two pressing members 34 are movably or oscillatingly mounted on the base 20 and located on either side of the hot end 10 or the heating assembly 21. Each of the two pressing members 34 has a toggle part 29. Through the relative movement of the base 20 and the toggle member 56, the toggle member 56 can simultaneously move the two toggle parts 29 towards each other or away from each other to open or lock the two pressing members 34. For example, the toggle member 56 has two toggle ends 561, and these ends 561 have inclined surfaces facing each other (as shown in the figure) or in opposite directions. Thus, when the toggle member 56 and the base 20 move relative to each other, the two toggle ends 561 can simultaneously move the toggle parts 29 on the two pressing members 34 towards each other or in opposite directions. For example, the figure shows the toggle end 561 moving the pressing member 34 away from the elastic force of the elastic member 351 (shown as an elastic sheet in the figure), thus opening the pressing member 34. Of course... Figure 4b or Figure 13b Two pressing members can also be provided, and similarly arranged on both sides of the hot end or heating assembly. The pusher can also simultaneously push the two pressing members apart or lock them in opposite directions. In this way, the force on the pressing members pushed by the pusher 56 is balanced by the mutual movement of the two pressing members, and the force on the base 20 is smaller.

[0207] Figure 10a , Figure 10b and Figures 11a to 11c In the structure shown, a pry bar 56 can also be provided to pry open the lower pressure member 34 or the upper pressure member (such as the upper pressure cover 41, heat dissipation fin 22, the first heat dissipation fin 22a, or the second heat dissipation fin 22b). For example Figure 11c The illustration also suggests the inclusion of a lever 56. The first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b can be considered as upper pressing components. The contact between the hot ends of the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b can achieve contact locking of the heat dissipation section at the hot end. A lever 29 can be provided on the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b respectively. The relative movement between the lever 56 and the base 20 (or the base mounted on the print head) allows the lever 56 to move the lever 29 to separate the first heat dissipation fin 22a and the second heat dissipation fin 22b, facilitating the installation or removal of the hot end 10. Of course, the lever 56 can also be used for toggling... Figures 11a to 11c The lower pressure component 34 in the middle. Figure 10b The upper cover 41 may also be provided with a toggle part 29. The toggle part 29 can be toggled by a toggle (not shown in the figure) to open the upper cover 41 by overcoming the elastic force of the elastic member 35.

[0208] The lever 56 can also be mounted on a drive mechanism, for example, connected or fixedly connected to the output shaft of a motor or servo motor (not shown in the figure). When the hot end does not need to be disassembled or installed, the drive mechanism drives the lever 56 to a retracted state, avoiding interference between the lever and the print head or base, etc., and facilitating an increase in the print head's movement range to improve print size. When the hot end needs to be disassembled or installed, the drive mechanism can drive the lever to extend, preparing to actuate the actuating part on the upper or lower pressure member of the fast heat exchanger structure. Alternatively, the drive mechanism can also be used to drive the lever 56 to actuate the actuating part on the upper or lower pressure member of the fast heat exchanger structure.

[0209] This allows for convenient manual or automatic movement of the upper or lower clamping parts, facilitating easy removal or installation of the hot end. Releasing the clamping action allows the elastic element to apply force, securing the hot end to the heating assembly or base. Furthermore, this movement process ensures controlled and consistent force on the printhead, contributing to long-term reliability. The hot end replacement process is convenient, simple, efficient, and provides a superior user experience. Automation of the hot end replacement process is easily achieved, with automatic control over whether the clamping state is released or re-clamped.

[0210] In the text, descriptions such as "perpendicular" (90-degree angle), "parallel" (0-degree angle), or "coaxial" (0-degree angle and 0mm spacing) refer to theoretical precision, but in practice, manufacturing or installation may have errors, such as an error of no more than ±45 degrees, or no more than ±40 degrees, or no more than ±30 degrees, or no more than ±10mm.

[0211] Printing materials, such as filamentary printing materials (filaments) or granules, can be thermoplastic resin materials, such as PLA (polylactic acid), PP (polypropylen), PE (polyethylene), ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene), PA (Polyamide) (nylon), PC (Polycarbonate), PS (Polystyrene), PEI (Poly(etherimide)), PET (Poly(Ethylene Terephthalare)), PEEK (Polyetheretherketone), TPU (Thermoplastic polyurethanes), etc.; or elastic materials, such as thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBS), or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV); of course, they can also be thermosetting resin materials or photopolymerizable resin materials, or other flowable extruded materials. It can also be a continuous fiber printing material (or continuous fiber filament), such as fiber materials, metal wire materials (such as copper wire), optical fiber materials, or other continuous linear materials. It can be a continuous fiber material pre-impregnated with resin. Examples of continuous fiber materials include carbon fiber, glass fiber, polyester, aramid, ceramic fiber, boron fiber, or basalt fiber. The diameter of the filamentary printing material can be 1.75mm or 3mm, or other diameters, and the extrusion nozzle diameter can be 0.2mm, 0.4mm, 0.6mm, or other diameter sizes.

[0212] All parts not described in this utility model are the same as or can be implemented using existing technology. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit this utility model in any way. Although this utility model has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model without departing from the content of the technical solution of this utility model shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fast heat exchange end structure, characterized in that, include: The hot end includes an extrusion port for extruding printing material and a feeding pipe for conveying printing material to the extrusion port. The feeding pipe sequentially includes a heating section, a throat section, and a heat dissipation section. The heating section is used to heat the printing material, the heat dissipation section is used to dissipate heat from the feeding pipe, the throat section is used to connect the heating section and the heat dissipation section, and the extrusion port is connected to the heating section. The base includes a heating assembly, heat dissipation fins, and a lower clamping mechanism for fixing the heating section to the heating assembly and / or an upper clamping mechanism for fixing the heat dissipation section to the heat dissipation fins. The hot end is detachably mounted to the base, the heating section is installed correspondingly to the heating component, and the heat dissipation section is installed in contact with the heat dissipation fins.

2. The fast heat exchange end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation fins have a laterally open heat dissipation surface for contact installation with the heat dissipation section; Alternatively, the heat dissipation fins may be fixedly or movably connected to the heating assembly; Alternatively, the heat dissipation fins may be fixedly or movably connected to the base; Alternatively, the base may further include a heat insulation portion, through which the heat dissipation fins are connected to the heating assembly; Alternatively, it may include a fan mounted on the side of the heat sink fins away from the hot end where they are installed or removed, for blowing air onto the heat sink fins towards the side where the hot end is installed or removed; or the fan is mounted on the base or the heat sink fins in a direction perpendicular to the direction of installation or removal of the hot end, for blowing air onto the heat sink fins; or the fan is mounted on the side of the heat sink fins relative to the side where the hot end is installed or removed, and the fan is mounted on a movable or swingable frame.

3. The fast heat exchange end structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat dissipation fins have notches on their sides for inserting the heat dissipation section; Alternatively, the heat dissipation fins may be provided with a semi-inner tubular heat dissipation surface that matches the tubular heat dissipation section. Alternatively, the heat dissipation fins may have a planar heat dissipation surface; or an upper pressure cover may be provided on the base for pressing the heat dissipation section against the heat dissipation fins; Alternatively, a semi-inner tubular or planar upper bonding surface can be provided on the upper cover, and the heat dissipation section can be pressed onto the heat dissipation fins. Alternatively, the base may be provided with a cooling mechanism for dissipating heat from the heat dissipation fins, the cooling mechanism being a fan, an air vent, or a coolant circulation pipe; or, the heat dissipation section may be a cylindrical structure, the heat dissipation section being fitted and installed in close contact with the semi-inner tubular heat dissipation surface on the heat dissipation fins. Alternatively, the heat dissipation section is provided with a heat dissipation block, which is a plate-shaped structure, and the first surface of the heat dissipation block is attached to the heat dissipation surface of the heat dissipation fins; Alternatively, the heat dissipation section is provided with a heat dissipation block, which is a plate-shaped structure, and the second side of the heat dissipation block is fitted and installed in contact with the heat dissipation surface of the upper pressure cover; Alternatively, the heat dissipation section is a cylindrical structure, and the heat dissipation surface of another semi-inner tube on the upper pressure cover is fitted and installed in close contact with the heat dissipation section; Alternatively, the heating component is provided with a heating surface, and the heat dissipation fins can move elastically in a direction that is 90 degrees or 70 to 110 degrees from the heating surface; The heat insulation part is a heat insulation material or a heat insulation structure.

4. The fast heat exchange end structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, It includes two heat dissipation fins, namely a first heat dissipation fin and a second heat dissipation fin, wherein at least one of the first heat dissipation fin and the second heat dissipation fin is movably connected to the base or heating assembly; wherein, The first and second heat dissipation fins are elastically and movably connected to the base or heating assembly. The first and second heat dissipation fins are respectively provided with elastic elements. The first and second heat dissipation fins can rotate around their respective axes. The elastic elements respectively provide elastic force to the first and second heat dissipation fins to swing towards each other or towards the direction of the hot end. Alternatively, the first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin can rotate around their respective pivots, with the pivots having an angle of 0 degrees with the axis of the printing material conveying line of the heat dissipation section, and an error of no more than ±40°. Alternatively, the first and second heat dissipation fins can rotate around the same axis, with the angle between the axis and the axis of the printing material conveying line of the heat dissipation section being 0 degrees and the error not exceeding ±40°. Alternatively, the base may also include a base frame, the first heat dissipation fin and the second heat dissipation fin may be rotated around a pivot, the pivot and the axis of the printing material conveying line of the heat dissipation section are at an angle of 0 degrees with an error of no more than ±40°, and the pivot is fixedly connected to or rotatably connected to the base frame. Alternatively, the first and second heat dissipation fins are respectively provided with heat dissipation surfaces that match the heat dissipation section. When the hot end is installed on the fast heat exchange end structure, the heat dissipation surface is in contact with the heat dissipation section, and / or, guide slopes are respectively provided on the side of the first and second heat dissipation fins facing the installation and removal of the hot end. The two guide slopes form an opening shape that is larger on the outside and smaller on the inside, so that when the heat dissipation section of the hot end is installed from the outside between the first and second heat dissipation fins, the first and second heat dissipation fins are pushed aside and then installed on the base. Alternatively, it may include two heat dissipation fins, namely a first heat dissipation fin and a second heat dissipation fin, the first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin being movably connected to the base, the first heat dissipation fin and the second heat dissipation fin being respectively provided with a laterally open heat dissipation surface that matches the heat dissipation section, and the heat dissipation surface of the first heat dissipation fin and the heat dissipation surface of the second heat dissipation fin being respectively semi-circular tubes facing each other. Alternatively, the first and second heat dissipation fins are elastically and movably connected to the base or heating assembly. The first and second heat dissipation fins are respectively provided with elastic elements. The first and second heat dissipation fins can rotate around their respective axes. The elastic elements respectively act on the corresponding first and second heat dissipation fins to provide elastic force for the first and second heat dissipation fins to swing towards each other or towards the direction of the hot end. When the hot end is not installed on the fast heat exchange end structure, the first and second heat dissipation fins abut against each other and are limited. Alternatively, the fast heat exchange end structure also includes a limiting part, and the two heat dissipation fins are respectively limited by the limiting part. Alternatively, the first and / or second heat dissipation fins are floatingly connected to the base or heating assembly, and the assembly further includes a rotatable upper swing rod disposed on the first heat dissipation fin. The first and / or second heat dissipation fins are rotatably disposed on the base. When the hot end is installed on the fast heat exchange end structure, the first and / or second heat dissipation fins swing toward each other and contact the heat dissipation section of the hot end between them. The upper swing rod can swing toward the second heat dissipation fin and lock the second heat dissipation fin, so that the first and second heat dissipation fins lock the heat dissipation section of the hot end between them. Alternatively, the first and / or second heat dissipation fins are floatingly connected to the base or heating assembly, and the assembly further includes a rotatable upper swing arm disposed on the first heat dissipation fin. The second heat dissipation fin is provided with an upper locking part corresponding to the upper swing arm. The first and / or second heat dissipation fins are rotatably disposed on the base. When the hot end is installed on the fast heat exchange end structure, the first and / or second heat dissipation fins swing toward each other and contact the heat dissipation section of the hot end between them. The upper swing arm can swing toward the second heat dissipation fin and lock the upper locking part on the second heat dissipation fin, so that the first and second heat dissipation fins lock the heat dissipation section of the hot end between them. Alternatively, the first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin may be translated relative to the base or heating assembly, and the translation direction of the first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin shall be at an angle of 90 degrees to the axis of the printing material conveying line of the heat dissipation section, with an error of no more than ±40°. Alternatively, the first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin are respectively provided with elastic elements, and the first heat dissipation fin and / or the second heat dissipation fin pair can be translated relative to the base. The elastic elements act on their respective corresponding heat dissipation fins to provide elastic force for the two heat dissipation fins to move towards each other. The two heat dissipation fins are respectively provided with heat dissipation surfaces that match the heat dissipation section. When the hot end is installed on the fast heat exchange end structure, the heat dissipation surface is in contact with the heat dissipation section. Alternatively, the first and / or second heat dissipation fins are respectively provided with elastic elements, and the first and / or second heat dissipation fins can be translated relative to the base. The elastic elements act on their respective corresponding heat dissipation fins to provide elastic force for the two heat dissipation fins to move towards each other. When the hot end is not installed on the fast heat exchange end structure, the first and / or second heat dissipation fins abut against each other and are limited. Or the fast heat exchange end structure also includes a limiting part, and the two heat dissipation fins are respectively limited by the limiting part. Alternatively, it may include an elastic element that causes the first and second heat dissipation fins to swing or move toward each other. The elastic element includes a base portion and a left elastic portion and a right elastic portion connected to the left and right sides of the base portion, respectively. The base portion is located on the side away from the heat dissipation fins from the hot end where they are installed or removed. The left elastic portion and the right elastic portion act on the first and second heat dissipation fins respectively to provide elastic forces to the first and second heat dissipation fins in the opposite direction. Alternatively, the first and / or second heat dissipation fins are flexibly or floatingly connected to the base or heating assembly.

5. The fast heat exchange end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper clamping mechanism includes an upper pressure cover rotatably mounted on the base, and a swing arm assembly for fastening and fixing the upper pressure cover to the base; Alternatively, the heat dissipation fins are provided with a side-open heat dissipation surface, and the upper clamping mechanism includes an upper swing rod or upper pressure member for fixing the heat dissipation section to the side-open heat dissipation surface. The upper swing rod or upper pressure member swings and clamps onto the upper clamping part on the heat dissipation fins and presses against the heat dissipation section to contact and clamp onto the side-open heat dissipation surface. Alternatively, the heat dissipation section includes a heat dissipation block, the heat dissipation fins have a planar heat dissipation surface, and the upper clamping mechanism includes a magnetic suction component for fixing the heat dissipation block to the planar heat dissipation surface; Alternatively, the upper clamping mechanism includes an upper pressure cover rotatably mounted on the base, and a magnetic suction assembly for fixing the upper pressure cover to the heat dissipation fins; Alternatively, the upper clamping mechanism includes an upper pressing member rotatably mounted on the base about a first axis and an upper swing rod rotatably mounted on the base about a second axis. The angle between the first axis and the second axis is 0 degrees, with an error of no more than ±40°. The upper pressing member can swing to press against the heat dissipation section and press the heat dissipation section against the heat dissipation fins. The upper swing rod is used to swing above the upper pressing member to clamp the upper pressing member toward the heating assembly. Alternatively, the upper clamping mechanism includes an upper cover, an upper swing arm, and an upper second swing arm rotatably mounted on the base. The upper first swing arm can swing around an axis on the base, and the upper second swing arm can rotate around the upper swing arm. The upper second swing arm is provided with a protruding structure for pressing the upper cover and the heat dissipation section against the heat dissipation fins. Alternatively, the upper clamping mechanism includes an upper pressure cover and an elastic member that are movable relative to the heat dissipation fins, the elastic member being used to press the upper pressure cover and the heat dissipation section against the heat dissipation fins; Alternatively, the upper clamping mechanism includes an upper swing arm, an upper second swing arm, and an upper pressing member for fixing the heat dissipation section to the heat dissipation fins. The upper swing arm can swing about a first axis on the base, the upper pressing member can swing about a second axis on the base located on a side of the base away from the first axis relative to the heat dissipation section, the upper second swing arm can rotate about the upper swing arm, and the upper second swing arm is provided with a protruding structure for pressing the upper pressing member and the heat dissipation section against the heat dissipation fins. Alternatively, the upper clamping mechanism includes an upper pressing member and an elastic member, the elastic member applying a force to the upper pressing member to press the upper pressing member against the heat dissipation section and against the heat dissipation fins; or the upper clamping mechanism includes a movably mounted heat dissipation fin and an elastic member, the elastic member applying a force to the movably mounted heat dissipation fin to cause the movably mounted heat dissipation fin to swing or move against the heat dissipation section toward the heat dissipation fin to clamp the heat dissipation section; or the upper clamping mechanism includes the heat dissipation fin, a limiting structure, and an elastic member, the elastic force provided by the elastic member causing the heat dissipation fin to swing or move toward the heat dissipation section where the hot end is mounted, and to be limited by the limiting structure against the heat dissipation section.

6. The fast heat exchange end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fast heat exchanger structure includes two hot ends, two heating components are provided on the base, and the heat dissipation fins have two heat dissipation surfaces. The heating sections of the two hot ends are respectively installed corresponding to or attached to the heating surfaces of the two heating components, and the heat dissipation sections of the two hot ends are respectively attached to the two heat dissipation surfaces on the heat dissipation fins; or, the fast heat exchanger structure includes two hot ends, two heating components and two heat dissipation fins are provided on the base, and the heating sections of the two hot ends are respectively installed corresponding to or attached to the heating surfaces of the two heating components, and the two heating components are respectively attached to the two heat dissipation surfaces on the heat dissipation fins. The heat dissipation section of the hot end is respectively attached to the two heat dissipation surfaces on the two heat dissipation fins, and at least one of the heat dissipation fins can be elastically moved or floated on the base; or, the quick heat exchange end structure includes one hot end and another hot end, and the other hot end includes a secondary extrusion port and a heating section connected in sequence, the heat dissipation fins are provided with heat dissipation surfaces, the base is provided with two heating components, the heating section of the hot end and the heating section of the other hot end are respectively installed correspondingly to the two heating components or respectively attached to the heating surfaces of the two heating components, and the heat dissipation section of the hot end is attached to the heat dissipation surface on the heat dissipation fin; The lower clamping mechanism fixes the heating sections of the two hot ends to the two heating components respectively; or, the lower clamping mechanism includes a first lower clamping mechanism and a second lower clamping mechanism, wherein the first lower clamping mechanism fixes the heating section of one of the hot ends to one of the heating components, and the second lower clamping mechanism fixes the heating section of the other hot end to the other heating component.

7. The fast heat exchange end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fast heat exchange end structure includes a hot end and a secondary hot end, and the secondary hot end includes a secondary extrusion port and a secondary heating section connected in sequence. Two heating components are provided on the base. The heating section of the hot end and the secondary heating section of the secondary hot end are respectively installed correspondingly to or in contact with the heating surfaces of the two heating components. Wherein, the secondary extrusion port of the secondary heating end is inclined toward the extrusion port of the heating end and / or the second feed tube for conveying printing material to the secondary heating end is inclined above the secondary heating end toward the first feed tube for conveying printing material to the heating end; or, the secondary heating end includes a tube bent toward the heating end, and a groove corresponding to the bent tube is provided on the heating assembly corresponding to the secondary heating end for abutting the bent tube; or, the secondary heating end is used to print continuous fiber printing material, and on the conveying line of the continuous fiber printing material, the secondary heating section relative to the secondary heating end has a gap on the side away from the secondary extrusion port for allowing a cutter to cut the continuous fiber printing material.

8. The fast heat exchange end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating section is installed in contact with the heating component or is installed at intervals through a heat insulation structure. Alternatively, the heating section is a cylindrical structure, and the heating section is fitted and installed in contact with the semi-inner tubular heating surface on the heating assembly; Alternatively, the heating section may be provided with a heating block, and the heating assembly may include a heating base, wherein the first surface of the heating block is fitted and installed in contact with the planar heating surface of the heating base; Alternatively, the heating assembly includes a heating base with a first heating surface and a second heating surface. The heating section has a heating block with a first surface and a second surface corresponding to the first heating surface and the second heating surface on the heating base, respectively. When the hot end is installed on the heating assembly, the first surface and the second surface on the heating block are respectively attached to or corresponding to the first heating surface and the second heating surface on the heating base. Wherein, the first heating surface and the second heating surface are two adjacent surfaces with an angle of 90 degrees between them, with an error not exceeding ±45°; or the first heating surface and the second heating surface are two opposite surfaces with an angle of 0 degrees between them, with an error not exceeding ±45°. Alternatively, the heating assembly includes a heating base and a pressing member. The pressing member has another heating base and a heating surface. The heating section has a heating block with a first surface and a second surface. When the hot end is installed onto the heating assembly, the first and second surfaces of the heating block are respectively attached to or correspond to the heating surface on the heating base and the heating surface on the pressing member; wherein the angle between the first and second surfaces is 0 degrees, with an error not exceeding ±45°. Alternatively, the heating section is a cylindrical structure, and the heating assembly includes a heating base with a semi-inner tubular heating surface that matches the heating block. The cylindrical heating block is fitted and installed in close contact with the semi-inner tubular heating surface of the heating base. Alternatively, the heating section is a cylindrical structure, and the heating assembly includes a heating base, the heating surface of which is a circular hole structure that mates with the heating section; Alternatively, the heating section, the throat section, and the heat dissipation section are all circular tube structures, and the outer diameter of the heating section and the heat dissipation section is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the throat section; or the heating section is provided with a heating block, and the throat section and the heat dissipation section are all circular tube structures, and the outer diameter of the heat dissipation section is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the throat section. Alternatively, a protective cover may be provided on the outside of the heating assembly; Alternatively, the heating component can transfer heat to the heating section through thermal conduction, or the heating component can heat the heating section through electromagnetic induction.

9. The fast heat exchange end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base also includes a lower pressure cover, which has a lower contact surface that matches the second side of the heating block. The lower pressure cover is in contact with the second side of the heating block and presses the heating block against the heating assembly. Alternatively, the lower pressure cover has a semi-inner tubular lower contact surface that matches the heating section of the cylindrical structure. The lower pressure cover is in contact with the heating section of the cylindrical structure and presses the heating section against the heating assembly. or, Includes a bracket, the hot end is mounted on the bracket, and the bracket is mounted on the base; Alternatively, a lower pressure cover or lower pressure member is provided on the base for pressing the heating section against the heating assembly. The lower clamping mechanism includes the lower pressure cover or lower pressure member rotatably mounted on the base, and a lower swing rod for fastening and fixing the lower pressure cover or lower pressure member to the heating assembly. The lower pressure cover or lower pressure member can rotate around a first axis, and the lower swing rod can rotate around a second axis. The included angle between the first axis and the second axis is 0 degrees, with an error of no more than ±40°. Alternatively, a lower pressure cover or lower pressure member is provided on the base for pressing the heating section against the heating assembly. The lower clamping mechanism includes the lower pressure cover or lower pressure member rotatably mounted on the base, a lower swing arm, and a lower second swing arm. The lower swing arm can swing about an axis on the base, and the lower second swing arm can rotate about the lower swing arm. A protruding structure is provided on the lower second swing arm for pressing the lower pressure cover or lower pressure member and the heating section against the heating assembly. Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressure cover and an elastic member that are movable relative to the heating assembly, the elastic member being used to press the lower pressure cover and the heating section against the heating assembly; Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower lever for fixing the heating section to the heating assembly and a groove for positioning the lower lever; Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower swing arm, a lower second swing arm, and a lower pressing member for fixing the heating section to the heating assembly. The lower swing arm can swing around an axis on the base, and the lower pressing member can swing around another axis on the base. The axis of the lower swing arm and the axis of the lower pressing member have an angle of 0 degrees with an error of no more than ±40°. The lower swing arm and the lower pressing member are respectively disposed on both sides of the heating assembly or the hot end. The lower second swing arm can rotate around the lower swing arm, and the lower second swing arm is used to press the lower pressing member and the heating section against the heating assembly. Alternatively, the heating assembly includes a heating base, the heating block is a cylindrical structure, the heating surface of the heating base is a circular hole structure that mates with the heating block, and the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower swing rod and a lower second swing rod rotatably mounted on the base, the lower swing rod and the lower second swing rod being pressed against an annular groove-shaped positioning part on the heating block by an elastic element; or a push rod is provided in a hole on the side wall of the heating base, the push rod being driven by a cam or an elastic element to press against the annular groove-shaped positioning part on the heating block; or an elastic element and a small ball at the end are provided in a hole on the side wall of the heating base, the small ball being pressed against the annular groove-shaped positioning part on the heating block by the elastic element. Alternatively, the heating assembly includes a heating base, and the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower swing arm or a lower pressing member rotatably mounted on the base. The rotation axis of the lower swing arm or lower pressing member forms a 90-degree angle with the heating surface on the heating assembly, with an error of no more than ±45°. The lower swing arm or lower pressing member has a protruding structure, or the heating section has a protruding structure. When the lower swing arm or lower pressing member rotates to the position above the heating section, the protruding structure is located between the lower swing arm or lower pressing member and the heating section, pressing the heating section against the heating base. Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower swing arm and a lower second swing arm rotatably mounted on the base. The axis of rotation of the lower swing arm is located on the side of the heating surface of the heating section facing the heating assembly. The lower second swing arm can rotate around the lower swing arm, and a protruding structure is provided on the lower second swing arm. The lower swing arm drives the lower second swing arm to rotate to the side of the heating section away from the heating surface. The lower second swing arm presses the heating section against the heating assembly through the protruding structure. Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower swing arm and a lower pressing member for fixing the heating section to the heating assembly. The lower swing arm can swing about a first axis on the base, and the lower pressing member can swing about a second axis on the base. The included angle between the first axis and the second axis is 0 degrees, with an error of no more than ±40°. The lower swing arm and the lower pressing member are respectively disposed on both sides of the heating assembly or the hot end. The lower pressing member can swing towards the heating assembly to press the heating section against the heating assembly, and the lower swing arm can swing towards the heating assembly or the hot end to clamp the lower pressing member. Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower swing arm and a lower pressing member rotatably mounted on the base. The axis of rotation of the lower swing arm forms a 90-degree angle with the heating surface on the heating assembly, with an error of no more than ±45°. The axis of rotation of the lower pressing member forms a 0-degree angle with the heating surface on the heating assembly, with an error of no more than ±40°. When the lower pressing member rotates to the position above the heating section, it presses the heating section against the heating assembly. When the lower swing arm rotates to the position above the lower pressing member, it presses the lower pressing member and the heating section against the heating assembly. Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower swing arm and a lower pressing member rotatably mounted on the base. The axis of rotation of the lower swing arm forms a 90-degree angle with the heating surface on the heating assembly, with an error of no more than ±45°. The axis of rotation of the lower pressing member forms a 0-degree angle with the heating surface on the heating assembly, with an error of no more than ±40°. The lower swing arm and the lower pressing member are provided with a boss structure. When the lower pressing member rotates to the position above the heating section, it presses the heating section against the heating assembly. When the lower swing arm rotates to the position above the lower pressing member, the boss structure is located between the lower swing arm and the lower pressing member, pressing the lower pressing member and the heating section against the heating assembly. Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressing member and an elastic member rotatably mounted on the base. The rotating shaft of the lower pressing member is located on the side away from the hot end relative to the heating assembly. The lower pressing member is provided with a clamping part for clamping the hot end. The clamping part is located on the side away from the heating assembly or the rotating shaft relative to the hot end. The elastic member applies a spring force to the lower pressing member, causing the lower pressing member to swing towards the hot end. Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressing member and an elastic member. The lower pressing member is disposed on the side away from the heating assembly relative to the hot end. The lower pressing member is movable relative to the heating assembly. The elastic member is used to apply a spring force to the lower pressing member so that the lower pressing member moves toward the hot end. Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes the heating component and the elastic element, wherein the elastic element applies a force to the heating component, causing the heating component to move or swing toward the direction in which the hot end is mounted; Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressing member and an elastic member, wherein the elastic member applies a force to the lower pressing member, causing the lower pressing member to move or swing toward the direction of mounting the hot end, and the lower pressing member is provided with a toggle part; Alternatively, the fast heat exchange end structure may further include a lever, a lower pressing member provided by the lower clamping mechanism and / or an upper pressing member provided by the upper clamping mechanism, wherein the lower pressing member and / or the upper pressing member are movably or swingably mounted on the base, and a lever portion is provided on the lower pressing member and / or the upper pressing member. Through the relative movement of the base and the lever, the lever can lever the lever portion to open or clamp the lower pressing member and / or the upper pressing member; Alternatively, the fast heat exchange end structure may further include a lever, and the lower clamping mechanism may include two lower pressing members. The two lower pressing members are movably or swingably mounted on the base and located on both sides of the hot end or the heating assembly. Each of the two lower pressing members is provided with a lever. Through the relative movement of the base and the lever, the lever can simultaneously move the two levers toward each other in a direction of approach or away from each other to open or clamp the two lower pressing members. Alternatively, the fast heat exchange end structure may further include a pusher, and the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressing member rotatably mounted on the base. The rotation axis of the lower pressing member is perpendicular to the pushing direction of the pusher or perpendicular to the heating surface of the heating assembly or parallel to the installation direction of the hot end on the base. The lower pressing member is provided with a clamping part and a pushing part, and the clamping part and the pushing part are arranged circumferentially offset from the rotation axis of the lower pressing member. Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressing member rotatably mounted on the base, and a lower clamping part corresponding to the lower pressing member. The rotating shaft of the lower pressing member and the lower clamping part are respectively disposed on both sides of the hot end or the heating assembly. When the hot end is installed on the quick heat exchange end structure, the lower pressing member swings toward the hot end or the lower clamping part and clamps itself onto the lower clamping part, so that the lower pressing member presses against the heating section of the hot end and abuts against or is correspondingly installed onto the heating assembly. Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower pressing member and an elastic member rotatably mounted on the base. A protrusion or groove structure is provided on the heating section of the hot end. The lower pressing member is provided with a backing part, which is a structure or roller adapted to the protrusion or groove structure. The elastic member acts on the lower pressing member to swing towards the hot end. When the lower pressing member presses the hot end, the backing part is in contact with the inclined side of one side of the protrusion or groove structure, so that the lower pressing member clamps the hot end onto the heating assembly. Alternatively, the lower clamping mechanism may include a magnetic suction component for fixing the heating section to the heating assembly; The heating assembly is provided with a heater; and / or, the lower pressure cover or the bracket is provided with a secondary temperature sensor and / or a secondary heater; and / or, the heating assembly or the lower clamping mechanism is provided with a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the heating section.

10. The fast heat exchange end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating assembly includes a heating base, and the heating section is provided with heating blocks, wherein... The heating block has a first positioning part in the shape of a protrusion on its upper side, and the heating seat has a first positioning part in the shape of a groove or edge that cooperates with the first positioning part. Alternatively, the heating block may have a groove or hole-shaped second positioning part on its side, and the heating seat may have a second positioning part that cooperates with the second positioning part and is in the shape of a boss or cylinder; Alternatively, a third positioning part is provided on the side of the heating block, and a third positioning part is provided on the side of the heating seat that is adapted to the third positioning part and is in the form of a protrusion. Alternatively, the first surface of the heating block is provided with a groove-shaped fourth positioning part, and the heating surface of the heating seat is provided with a fourth positioning part that is adapted to the fourth positioning part and is in the form of a protrusion. Alternatively, the heating block may be provided with a positioning hole, and the heating base may be provided with a positioning post corresponding to the positioning hole, or the heating block may be provided with a positioning post, and the heating base may be provided with a positioning hole corresponding to the positioning post.

11. The fast heat exchange end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A detection sensor is provided on the base to detect whether the hot end is installed on the base or whether the lower clamping mechanism and / or the upper clamping mechanism are clamped in place; Alternatively, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the heat dissipation section can be provided on the heat dissipation fins; Alternatively, a heater may be provided on the heating assembly, wherein the heater is a resistance heater or an electromagnetic induction heater. Alternatively, the heating component and / or the heat dissipation fins are mounted on the base in a swingable or movable manner, and the angle between the direction of movement of the heating component and / or the heat dissipation fins and the axis of the feeding pipe of the hot end is 90 degrees, with an error of no more than ±45° or no more than ±30°. Alternatively, the heat dissipation fins may be elastically or floatingly connected to the base, or the heat dissipation fins may be elastically or floatingly connected to the heating assembly. Alternatively, the radiator is provided with a heat dissipation surface, the heating component is provided with a heating surface, and the angle between the heat dissipation surface and / or the heating surface and the moving path of the hot end to be installed on or removed from the base is 0 degrees or 90 degrees, with an error of no more than ±40°. Alternatively, it may also include a base frame, with the heat dissipation fins fixedly or movably connected to the base frame, and the heating assembly fixedly or movably connected to the base frame.

12. A 3D printing head, characterized in that, The invention includes a fast heat exchange end structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, an extruder for conveying filament printing material along the axial direction of the printing material to a heat dissipation section of the hot end, and a printhead, wherein the extruder and the printhead are connected to the printhead.

13. A 3D printing head, characterized in that, The device includes a fast heat exchange end structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, a secondary heat end, a printhead, and a nozzle seat. The nozzle seat is rotatably mounted relative to the printhead. The base is provided with two heating components. The base is fixedly connected to the nozzle seat. The secondary heat end includes a secondary extrusion port and a secondary heating section connected in sequence. The hot end is used to extrude plastic printing material, and the secondary heat end is used to extrude continuous fiber printing material. The secondary extrusion port of the secondary heat end is inclined toward the extrusion port of the hot end, and / or a second feed pipe for conveying printing material to the secondary heat end is inclined above the secondary heat end toward the first feed pipe for conveying printing material to the hot end. The heating section of the hot end is installed correspondingly or in contact with one heating component on the base, and the secondary heating section of the secondary heat end is installed correspondingly or in contact with another heating component on the base. The heat dissipation section of the hot end is installed in contact with the heat dissipation fins. Along the conveying path of the continuous fiber printing material, on the side of the heating section opposite the secondary hot end away from the secondary extrusion port, there is a gap for cutting the continuous fiber printing material by a cutter and / or the distance between the axis of the extrusion port of the hot end and the axis of rotation of the nozzle seat is 0 mm and the angle is 0 degrees, wherein the distance error is not greater than ±10 mm and the angle error is not greater than ±40°.

14. A 3D printing apparatus, characterized in that, Includes a 3D print head, a printing platform, and a line-angle coupling transmission mechanism as described in claim 12 or 13, wherein the 3D print head is mounted relative to the printing platform, and the hot end of the 3D print head extrudes printing material onto the printing platform to form a three-dimensional model; wherein, When the 3D printing device includes the 3D printing head as described in claim 12, the extruder of the 3D printing head includes at least two rotating rollers, wherein at least one rotating roller is an extrusion roller. The rotating rollers are matched and arranged around the printing material to drive the printing material between the rotating rollers to pass through the heat dissipation section, throat section and heating section of the hot end to the extrusion port and then be extruded. The extrusion roller is driven or coaxially fixedly connected to the linkage wheel of the linear angle coupling transmission mechanism. The angle between the axis of the linkage wheel and the printing platform is 0 degrees with an error of no more than ±40°, or the angle between the axis of the linkage wheel and the printing platform is 90 degrees with an error of no more than ±40°. Alternatively, when the 3D printing apparatus includes the 3D printing head as described in claim 13, the nozzle seat is coaxially fixed to the linkage wheel of the line-angle coupling transmission mechanism, the angle between the axis of the linkage wheel and the printing platform is 90 degrees and the error is no greater than ±40° and / or the linkage wheel is provided with a through hole for flexible lines to pass through; and / or, the printing base moves via a guide rail, the linkage wheel of the line-angle coupling transmission mechanism is rotatably connected to the printing base, the line-angle coupling transmission mechanism further includes a left synchronous belt and a right synchronous belt, the left synchronous belt and the right synchronous belt mesh with the linkage wheel on opposite sides of the linkage wheel, the printing base includes an upper horizontal plate, a lower horizontal plate and a column, the column connects the upper horizontal plate and the lower horizontal plate to form a whole, the column is disposed between the left synchronous belt and the right synchronous belt or disposed outside the left synchronous belt and the right synchronous belt.

15. A 3D printing apparatus, characterized in that, The device includes the fast heat exchange end structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, a temperature sensor disposed on the base for detecting the temperature of the heat dissipation section, and a cooling mechanism for dissipating heat from the heat dissipation fins, wherein the cooling mechanism is a fan, an air vent, or a coolant circulation pipeline. The fan speed, airflow rate at the air outlet, or coolant flow rate are controlled based on the signal feedback from the temperature sensor, so that the temperature of the heat dissipation section is maintained at a preset value or preset range. and or, The fast heat exchange end structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11 and a detection sensor disposed on the base for detecting whether the heat end is installed on the base or whether the lower clamping mechanism and / or the upper clamping mechanism is clamped in place; Before heating the heating component can be started, the trigger signal of the detection sensor must be detected first.

16. A 3D printing apparatus, characterized in that, The device includes a printhead and a lever. The printhead is equipped with a fast heat exchange end structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 11. The fast heat exchange end structure includes a lower pressing member disposed on the lower clamping mechanism and / or an upper pressing member disposed on the upper clamping mechanism. The lower pressing member and / or the upper pressing member are provided with a levering portion. The device also includes an elastic member that applies an elastic force to the lower pressing member or the upper pressing member, causing the lower pressing member or the upper pressing member to swing or move in the direction in which the heat exchange end is mounted. When the hot end is to be disassembled or installed, the print head moves to the corresponding position of the pusher. Through the relative movement of the print head and the pusher, the pusher pushes the pusher part of the lower pressure member and / or the upper pressure member, so that the lower pressure member and / or the upper pressure member is pushed away against the force of the elastic member. Alternatively, it may include a drive mechanism for driving the dial element. When it is not necessary to remove or install the hot end, the drive mechanism drives the dial element to a retracted state. When it is necessary to remove or install the hot end, the drive mechanism drives the dial element to extend. Alternatively, it may include a drive mechanism for driving the dial element, which drives the dial element to move and move the dialing part when the hot end needs to be removed or installed.

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