Tunnel ventilation and purification unit provided with self-cleaning device and control system

Abstract

The utility model provides a tunnel ventilation purification unit equipped with a self-cleaning device and a control system, the tunnel ventilation purification unit equipped with the self-cleaning device comprises a primary high-voltage ionization section, a pressurization cleaning section and an electrostatic dust collection section, and the pressurization cleaning section is arranged between the primary high-voltage ionization section and the electrostatic dust collection section. The characteristic that the distance between a primary high-pressure ionization section and an electrostatic dust collection section is large is utilized, a bidirectional spraying pressurization cleaning section is arranged between the primary high-pressure ionization section and the electrostatic dust collection section, a pressurization water pump is arranged to conduct back flushing on large particles on the primary filtering surface, and spraying cleaning with the constant pressure and the constant water amount can be achieved; the cleaning component is driven by the motor to slide between the upper guide rail and the lower guide rail to execute a cleaning task, the upper guide rail plays a role in power and supporting, the lower guide rail plays a role in assisting, and the problems that the cleaning component is damaged by a cleaning water column due to shaking and the guide rails are damaged and fail under the pressurizing working condition are solved. The cleaning structure is simple in overall design, convenient to install, stable in cleaning, good in cleaning effect and beneficial to popularization and application, and the cleaning capacity of tunnel air purification is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of air purification technology, and in particular relates to a tunnel ventilation and purification unit and control system equipped with a self-cleaning device. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnels, as underground or underwater structures for vehicle passage, often face challenges in purifying the air through natural ventilation due to their location and length, necessitating the addition of air purification equipment. Existing tunnel air purification equipment typically includes a primary filtration section, a high-voltage ionization section, an electrostatic dust collection section, and a filter media denitrification section. Currently, the conventional maintenance methods for the primary filtration section, high-voltage ionization section, and electrostatic dust collection section are: firstly, replacing the filter element and manually cleaning it; however, the limited space within the tunnel makes replacement inconvenient and requires temporary closure of the tunnel, disrupting traffic; secondly, installing separate high-pressure cleaning devices results in large installation spaces and poor structural compactness. High-pressure cleaning sprays typically deploy high-pressure nozzles on the filter elements and other components requiring cleaning, necessitating a high-pressure nozzle matrix for each filter element, occupying a large space, and requiring an excessive number of nozzles, increasing initial investment. Furthermore, multiple spray systems complicate the cleaning configuration, hindering intelligent operation and maintenance control and affecting ventilation efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention provides a tunnel ventilation and purification unit and control system equipped with a self-cleaning device, which can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0005] A tunnel ventilation and purification unit and control system equipped with a self-cleaning device includes a primary high-voltage ionization section, a pressurized cleaning section, and an electrostatic dust collection section. The pressurized cleaning section is located between the primary high-voltage ionization section and the electrostatic dust collection section. The pressurized cleaning section includes a mounting plate, guide rails, mounting columns, spray pipes, a motor, transmission wheels, a transmission belt, connecting fasteners, a water supply pipe, and a booster water pump. The guide rails include two relatively parallel upper and lower guide rails. The upper guide rails are fixed to the lower side of the mounting plate, and the upper and lower guide rails are respectively equipped with... The system includes an upper pulley assembly and a lower pulley assembly, with both ends of the mounting column connected to the upper pulley assembly and the lower pulley assembly, respectively. A spray pipe is fixed to both sides of the mounting column, and spray heads are distributed on the spray pipe. A motor is located on one side of the upper guide rail and fixed to one end of the mounting plate. A transmission wheel is located on the motor and at the other end of the mounting plate. A transmission belt connects the transmission wheels at both ends. A connecting fastener is fixed to the mounting column and has a limiting connection with the transmission belt. A water supply pipe connects the spray pipe and a booster pump. Limiters are provided at both ends of the upper guide rail.

[0006] As a further improvement, the primary high-voltage ionization section is provided with a mounting frame, a fixing frame, a primary filter, and a high-voltage ionization assembly. The primary filter is located upstream of the high-voltage ionization assembly. The mounting frame has a matrix of mounting slots. The unit modules of the primary filter and the high-voltage ionization assembly are respectively installed in the mounting slots and confined within the mounting frame by the fixing frame. The electrostatic dust collection section is provided with a mounting frame, a fixing frame, and an electrostatic dust collection assembly. The mounting frame is divided into several installation areas. Each unit module of the electrostatic dust collection assembly is located in one of the installation areas and is fixedly connected to the mounting frame by the fixing frame.

[0007] As a further improvement, the water supply pipe is connected to the two side spray pipes by a three-way regulating valve.

[0008] As a further improvement, the spray pipe is a "U"-shaped pipe with the open end of the "U"-shaped pipe located at the top, and one end connected to the water supply pipe while the other end is sealed.

[0009] As a further improvement, the spray pipe is a "∩" shaped pipe, with the open end of the "∩" shaped pipe located at the lower end, the bottom opening sealed, and a three-way regulating valve connected to the water supply pipe in the middle of the top.

[0010] As a further improvement, a tank chain groove is provided between the mounting plate and the mounting column, and the water supply pipe is located in the tank chain groove; the spray pipe is a "U" shaped pipe, and the vertical pipe of the "U" shaped pipe is located on both sides of the mounting column; the spray heads are evenly distributed on the spray pipes on both sides, and the distribution spacing is not less than 20cm and not more than 40cm.

[0011] As a further improvement, the distance between the spray head and the part to be cleaned is 10-20cm, the water supply pressure of the water supply pipe is 0.3Mpa-0.6Mpa, the orifice diameter of the spray head is 2.5-4mm, and the spray angle is 90°-130°.

[0012] As a further improvement, the upper pulley assembly includes an upper pulley frame and an upper pulley group, the upper pulley group being located on both sides of the upper pulley frame, and a mounting platform being provided between the upper pulley groups, with the mounting column connected to the mounting platform by bolts; the lower pulley assembly includes a lower pulley frame and a lower pulley, the lower pulley being located at the lower end of the lower pulley frame, and the lower pulley frame being connected to the mounting column; the upper pulley assembly has at least two sets of upper pulley groups, and the lower pulley assembly has at least one lower pulley.

[0013] As a further improvement, the upper guide rail is a guide rail groove, and the upper pulley assembly is disposed in the guide rail groove; the lower guide rail is a "convex" shaped guide rail, and the lower pulley is a corresponding "concave" shaped pulley, with the "convex" shaped guide rail and the "concave" shaped pulley being matched and connected; water outlets are respectively provided on both sides of the lower guide rail.

[0014] As a further improvement, an elastic connector is provided between the mounting column and the lower roller frame. The elastic connector is an elastic rubber and a compression spring. The lower roller frame and the mounting column are connected by the elastic rubber, and the compression spring is located inside the elastic rubber and abuts against the mounting column or the lower roller frame.

[0015] A control system for a tunnel ventilation and purification unit equipped with a self-cleaning device is provided. The booster water pump is controlled by a PLC to achieve precise regulation of constant water pressure and flow rate. The start-up, shutdown, and operating time of the water pump are controlled by programming to achieve quantitative water output. Furthermore, the system can adjust the start-up and shutdown pressure difference when the water pressure is below a certain range.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This application fully utilizes the large distance between the primary high-voltage ionization section and the electrostatic dust collection section of the tunnel air purification system, placing the pressurized cleaning section between them. It features a bidirectional spray cleaning structure and a booster pump. On one hand, this allows for reverse rinsing of large particles on the primary filter surface, improving the cleaning effect. On the other hand, it enables controlled water pressure and volume spray cleaning of the electrostatic dust collection section as needed. The spray cleaning components are fixed and driven by different upper and lower guide rails. The upper and lower guide rails are designed differently; the upper guide rail provides the main power and support, while the lower guide rail provides auxiliary support, reducing damage to the cleaning components caused by swaying water jets and preventing guide rail failure under pressurized operating conditions. This cleaning structure has a simple overall design, is easy to install, has good cleaning stability, and provides excellent cleaning results, improving the overall cleaning capacity of tunnel air purification and facilitating its widespread application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a tunnel ventilation and purification unit and control system equipped with a self-cleaning device according to this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a three-way connection provided in an embodiment of a tunnel ventilation and purification unit and control system equipped with a self-cleaning device according to this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is another structural schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of a tunnel ventilation and purification unit and control system equipped with a self-cleaning device according to this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurized cleaning section structure provided in an embodiment of a tunnel ventilation and purification unit and control system equipped with a self-cleaning device according to this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of an embodiment of a tunnel ventilation and purification unit and control system equipped with a self-cleaning device according to this utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of an elastic connector provided in an embodiment of a tunnel ventilation and purification unit and control system equipped with a self-cleaning device according to this utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a partial schematic diagram of an embodiment of a tunnel ventilation and purification unit and control system equipped with a self-cleaning device according to this utility model;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the upper pulley assembly structure provided in an embodiment of a tunnel ventilation and purification unit and control system equipped with a self-cleaning device according to this utility model;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurized cleaning section provided in an embodiment of a tunnel ventilation and purification unit and control system equipped with a self-cleaning device according to this utility model.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] Primary high-voltage ionization section 1; mounting frame 11; fixing frame 12; primary filter screen 13; high-voltage ionization assembly 14; mounting groove 15; pressurized cleaning section 2; mounting plate 21; guide rail 22; upper guide rail 221; lower guide rail 222; upper pulley assembly 223; upper pulley frame 2231; upper pulley block 2232; mounting platform 2233; lower pulley assembly 224; lower pulley frame 2241; lower pulley 2242; water outlet 225; mounting column 23; tank chain groove 231; spray pipe 24; spray head 241; motor 25; transmission wheel 26; transmission belt 27; connecting fastener 28; water supply pipe 29; electrostatic dust collection section 3; mounting frame 31; fixing frame 32; electrostatic dust collection assembly 33; installation area 34; elastic connector 4; elastic rubber 41; compression spring 42. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed utility model, but merely to represent selected embodiments of this utility model.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, the terms "upper", "middle", "side", "side", "upper side", "end", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0032] Reference Figure 1-9As shown, a tunnel ventilation and purification unit equipped with a self-cleaning device includes a primary high-voltage ionization section 1, a pressurization cleaning section 2, and an electrostatic dust collection section 3. The pressurization cleaning section 2 is located between the primary high-voltage ionization section 1 and the electrostatic dust collection section 3. The pressurization cleaning section 2 is provided with a mounting plate 21, a guide rail 22, a mounting column 23, a spray pipe 24, a motor 25, a transmission wheel 26, a transmission belt 27, a connecting fastener 28, a water supply pipe 29, and a booster water pump (not shown). The guide rail 22 is provided with two relatively parallel upper guide rails 221 and lower guide rails 222. The upper guide rails 221 are fixed to the lower side of the mounting plate 21. Upper pulley assemblies are respectively provided on the upper guide rails 221 and lower guide rails 222. The mounting post 23 is connected to the upper pulley assembly 223 and the lower pulley assembly 224 at both ends; the spray pipe 24 is fixed on both sides of the mounting post 23, and spray heads 241 are distributed on the spray pipe 24; the motor 25 is located on one side of the upper guide rail 221 and fixed to one end of the mounting plate 21; the transmission wheel 26 is located on the motor 25 and the other end of the mounting plate 21; the transmission belt 27 connects the transmission wheels 26 at both ends; the connecting fastener 28 is fixed to the mounting post 23 and limitedly connected to the transmission belt 27; the water supply pipe 29 connects the spray pipe 24 and the booster water pump; the upper guide rail 221 is provided with limiters (not shown) at both ends.

[0033] This application combines the advantages of large airflow and strong wind in tunnel air purification, and the need for a large spatial distance between the primary high-voltage ionization section 1 and the electrostatic dust collection section 3, requiring a buffer between the gaps to enable the electrostatic dust collection section 3 to collect dust more effectively. This application improves the compactness of the equipment and makes full use of space by adding a pressurized cleaning section 2 between the two sections. Furthermore, the bidirectional cleaning method avoids the space congestion caused by separate unidirectional sections, or the impact on other purification sections when cleaning only one side is being done. Simultaneous vertical cleaning, compared to horizontal cleaning, avoids the impact of upper-layer wastewater on lower layers, especially when cleaning from bottom to top. Moreover, in horizontal cleaning, the guide rail 22 is vertically set, and the wastewater has a significant impact on the guide rail 22 during the cleaning process. This application places the guide rail 22, which mainly performs driving and weighing functions, at the top, improving the safety, stability, and durability of the equipment.

[0034] Motor 25 drives transmission belt 27 to rotate, and transmission belt 27 drives mounting column 23 to move on guide rail 22. Double-sided spray heads 241 simultaneously clean the upstream and downstream primary high-voltage ionization section 1 and electrostatic dust collection section 3. Bidirectional spraying maintains relative balance of pressure on the pulleys from both sides of the guide rail 22 or reduces pressure difference, which is beneficial for the stable operation of the cleaning components and reduces shaking during operation. Due to the combination of guide rail 22 and pulleys, the overall robustness of guide rail 22 is good. This is especially beneficial for large-scale tunnel air purification equipment with large vertical spans, where it is difficult to use a screw structure for guidance, as deformation is likely to occur.

[0035] Furthermore, the primary high-voltage ionization section 1 is provided with a mounting frame 11, a fixing frame 12, a primary filter 13, and a high-voltage ionization component 14. The primary filter 13 is located upstream of the high-voltage ionization component 14. The mounting frame 11 is provided with a matrix arrangement of mounting slots 15. The unit modules of the primary filter 13 and the high-voltage ionization component 14 are respectively installed in the mounting slots 15 and confined within the mounting frame 11 by the fixing frame 12. The electrostatic dust collection section 3 is provided with a mounting frame 31, a fixing frame 32, and an electrostatic dust collection component 33. The mounting frame 31 is divided into several installation areas 34. Each unit module of the electrostatic dust collection component 33 is respectively located in the installation area 34 and is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 31 by the fixing frame 32.

[0036] The primary high-voltage ionization section 1, the high-voltage ionization assembly 14, and the electrostatic dust collection section 3 each employ small unit modules, which are then assembled on the mounting frame 11 or mounting bracket 31. This avoids the difficulty of installing a single unit in a confined space, facilitates the replacement of damaged individual units, reduces maintenance costs, and improves the overall structural strength through modular and individual installation. The primary filter 13, the high-voltage ionization assembly 14, and the electrostatic dust collection assembly 33 can all utilize existing technologies. Specifically, the primary filter 13 uses a stainless steel mesh or similar structure to block and filter large particles, the high-voltage ionization assembly 14 ionizes dust using ionization plates, and the electrostatic dust collection assembly collects dust using electrostatic dust removal plates. Specific details of these solutions are not elaborated here.

[0037] Furthermore, the water supply pipe 29 is connected to the two side spray pipes 24 by a three-way regulating valve (not shown).

[0038] The three-way regulating valve can be controlled manually or automatically to adjust the water pressure before and after cleaning, thereby achieving a more thorough cleaning and improving cleaning efficiency by targeting the degree of dirt on the front and rear cleaning components. Especially for the pre-filter 13, which has large particles and is heavily soiled, making cleaning more difficult, adjusting to a higher cleaning pressure is more beneficial. This allows for a cleaning method with the same speed but different pressure during synchronous cleaning, further improving cleaning efficiency. Since the upstream end of the pre-filter 13 is relatively far from the spray head 241, the theoretical cleaning pressure should also be higher.

[0039] Furthermore, the spray pipe 24 is a "U"-shaped pipe, with the open end of the "U"-shaped pipe located at the upper end, and one end connected to the water supply pipe 29, while the other end is sealed.

[0040] This type of spray pipe 24 has a simple structure, is easy to install, requires fewer pipes, and has a simple water circuit.

[0041] Furthermore, the spray pipe 24 is a "∩" shaped pipe, with the open end of the "∩" shaped pipe located at the lower end, the bottom opening sealed, and a three-way regulating valve connected to the middle of the top end and connected to the water supply pipe 29.

[0042] This water circuit design can increase the water inlet speed of the pipeline, and the simultaneous water inlet at both ends can maintain the balance between the front and back, avoiding shaking and damage to the pipeline and guide rail 22.

[0043] Furthermore, a tank track groove 231 is provided between the mounting plate 21 and the mounting column 23, and the water supply pipe 29 is located in the tank track groove 231; the spray heads 241 are equidistantly distributed on the spray pipes 24 on both sides, and the distribution spacing is not less than 20cm and not more than 40cm.

[0044] The tank chain groove 231 improves the smoothness of the water supply pipe 29's winding and avoids problems such as tangling during movement. The spacing of the spray heads 241 reduces costs and saves water and energy while ensuring cleaning effectiveness.

[0045] Furthermore, the distance between the spray head 241 and the part to be cleaned is 10-20cm, the water supply pressure of the water supply pipe 29 is 0.3Mpa-0.6Mpa, the orifice diameter of the spray head 241 is 2.5-4mm, and the spray angle is 90°-130°.

[0046] The above parameters ensure a high level of cleanliness and prevent any blind spots, resulting in a thorough cleaning.

[0047] Furthermore, the upper pulley assembly 223 is provided with an upper pulley frame 2231 and an upper pulley group 2232. The upper pulley group 2232 is located on both sides of the upper pulley frame 2231, and a mounting platform 2233 is provided between the upper pulley groups 2232. The mounting column 23 is connected to the mounting platform 2233 by bolts. The lower pulley assembly 224 is provided with a lower pulley frame 2241 and a lower pulley 2242. The lower pulley 2242 is located at the lower end of the lower pulley frame 2241, and the lower pulley frame 2241 is connected to the mounting column 23. The upper pulley assembly 223 is provided with at least two upper pulley groups 2232, and the lower pulley assembly 224 is provided with at least one lower pulley 2242.

[0048] The combination of the upper pulley frame 2231 and the double pulley group, as well as the cooperation of the two upper pulley groups 2232, can ensure the stability of the upper structure. The upper pulley assembly 223 is the main drive mechanism of the cleaning structure and the main structure for maintaining the stable operation of the guide rail 22. The lower pulley assembly 224 plays an auxiliary role, together ensuring the stability of the mounting column 23 and keeping it vertical.

[0049] Furthermore, the upper guide rail 221 is a guide rail groove, and the upper pulley assembly 223 is disposed in the guide rail groove; the lower guide rail 222 is a "convex" shaped guide rail, and the lower pulley 2242 is a corresponding "concave" shaped pulley, with the "convex" shaped guide rail and the "concave" shaped pulley being matched and connected; water outlets 225 are respectively provided on both sides of the lower guide rail 222.

[0050] The guide rail groove and the concave-convex structure make the guide rail 22 run more stably and have strong impact resistance.

[0051] Furthermore, an elastic connector 4 is provided between the mounting post 23 and the lower roller frame 2241. The elastic connector 4 consists of an elastic rubber 41 and a compression spring 42. The lower roller frame 2241 and the mounting post 23 are connected by the elastic rubber 41, and the compression spring 42 is located inside the elastic rubber 41 and abuts against the mounting post 23 or the lower roller frame 2241.

[0052] The flexible connector 4 facilitates the assembly of the entire mechanism and makes the upper and lower guide rails 222 fit more tightly with the upper and lower pulley assemblies 224, ensuring stability during operation.

[0053] A control system for a tunnel ventilation and purification unit equipped with a self-cleaning device includes a booster pump controlled by a PLC to achieve precise regulation of constant water pressure and volume; quantitative water output is achieved by controlling the start-up, shutdown, and operating time of the pump through programming; and the system can adjust the start-up and shutdown pressure difference when the water pressure is below a certain range.

[0054] When the device is cleaning, the primary high-voltage ionization section 1 and the electrostatic dust collection section 3 stop working and the power supply is cut off. The fan of the tunnel ventilation equipment also stops working. The water pressure and volume of the booster pump are adjusted according to the cleaning needs, and the valve connected to the spray pipe 24 is opened. If it is a three-way regulating valve, the water output on both sides is adjusted as needed. The above work can also be automated through PLC control connected to the electrical equipment. The PLC control can set different cleaning modes according to the cleaning needs, such as using different water pressures or volumes for cleaning at different times, and using different water pressures and volumes for cleaning different degrees of dirt. During the cleaning process, the motor 25 drives the spray head 241 to move back and forth on the guide rail 22 until the cleaning is thorough. After the cleaning is completed, the motor 25 drives the cleaning mechanism to return to one side of the guide rail 22, and the valves are closed. After the water droplets in the equipment have naturally dried to a certain extent, the fan of the tunnel ventilation equipment is started to dry the primary high-voltage ionization section 1 and the electrostatic dust collection section 3. After drying, the equipment can be restarted for tunnel ventilation and purification.

[0055] This application utilizes the large distance between the primary high-voltage ionization section and the electrostatic dust collection section to place a pressurized cleaning section with bidirectional spraying between them. A booster water pump is also installed to reverse-wash large particles from the primary filter surface, enabling constant pressure and water volume spray cleaning. The cleaning components are driven by a motor to slide between upper and lower guide rails, performing the cleaning task. The upper guide rail provides the main power and support, while the lower guide rail provides auxiliary support, reducing damage to the cleaning components caused by swaying water jets and preventing guide rail damage and failure under pressurized operating conditions. This cleaning structure has a simple overall design, is easy to install, has good cleaning stability, and provides excellent cleaning results, improving the air purification capacity of tunnels and facilitating its widespread application.

[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel ventilation and purification unit equipped with a self-cleaning device, characterized in that, The system includes a primary high-voltage ionization section, a pressurized cleaning section, and an electrostatic dust collection section. The pressurized cleaning section is located between the primary high-voltage ionization section and the electrostatic dust collection section. The pressurized cleaning section includes a mounting plate, guide rails, mounting columns, spray pipes, a motor, drive wheels, a drive belt, connecting fasteners, a water supply pipe, and a booster pump. The guide rails have two parallel upper and lower guide rails. The upper guide rail is fixed to the lower side of the mounting plate. Upper and lower pulley assemblies are respectively provided on the upper and lower guide rails. The two ends of the mounting column are connected to the upper and lower pulley assemblies, respectively. The spray pipe is fixed to both sides of the mounting column and has spray heads distributed on it. The motor is located on one side of the upper guide rail and fixed to one end of the mounting plate. The drive wheel is located on the motor and at the other end of the mounting plate. The drive belt connects the drive wheels at both ends. The connecting fasteners are fixed to the mounting column and have a limiting connection with the drive belt. The water supply pipe connects the spray pipe and the booster pump. Limiters are provided at both ends of the upper guide rail.

2. A tunnel ventilation and purification unit equipped with a self-cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary high-voltage ionization section includes an installation frame, a fixing frame, a primary filter, and a high-voltage ionization assembly. The primary filter is located upstream of the high-voltage ionization assembly. The installation frame has a matrix of installation slots. The unit modules of the primary filter and the high-voltage ionization assembly are respectively installed in the installation slots and confined within the installation frame by the fixing frame. The electrostatic dust collection section includes an installation bracket, a fixing bracket, and an electrostatic dust collection assembly. The installation bracket is divided into several installation areas. Each unit module of the electrostatic dust collection assembly is located in one of the installation areas and is fixedly connected to the installation bracket by the fixing bracket.

3. A tunnel ventilation and purification unit equipped with a self-cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply pipe is connected to the spray pipes on both sides by a three-way regulating valve.

4. A tunnel ventilation and purification unit equipped with a self-cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray pipe is a "U" shaped pipe, with the open end of the "U" shaped pipe located at the upper end, and one end connected to the water supply pipe, while the other end is sealed; or the spray pipe is a "∩" shaped pipe, with the open end of the "∩" shaped pipe located at the lower end, the bottom opening sealed, and a three-way regulating valve connected to the water supply pipe in the middle of the top.

5. A tunnel ventilation and purification unit equipped with a self-cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A tank chain groove is provided between the mounting plate and the mounting column, and the water supply pipe is located in the tank chain groove; the spray heads are evenly distributed on the spray pipes on both sides, and the distribution spacing is not less than 20cm and not more than 40cm.

6. A tunnel ventilation and purification unit equipped with a self-cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the spray head and the part to be cleaned is 10-20cm, the water supply pressure of the water supply pipe is 0.3Mpa-0.6Mpa, the orifice diameter of the spray head is 2.5-4mm, and the spray angle is 90°-130°.

7. A tunnel ventilation and purification unit equipped with a self-cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper pulley assembly includes an upper pulley frame and an upper pulley group. The upper pulley group is located on both sides of the upper pulley frame, and a mounting platform is provided between the upper pulley groups. The mounting column is connected to the mounting platform by bolts. The lower pulley assembly includes a lower pulley frame and a lower pulley. The lower pulley is located at the lower end of the lower pulley frame, and the lower pulley frame is connected to the mounting column. The upper pulley assembly has at least two upper pulley groups, and the lower pulley assembly has at least one lower pulley.

8. A tunnel ventilation and purification unit equipped with a self-cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper guide rail is a guide rail groove, and the upper pulley assembly is disposed in the guide rail groove; the lower guide rail is a "convex" shaped guide rail, and the lower pulley is a corresponding "concave" shaped pulley, with the "convex" shaped guide rail and the "concave" shaped pulley matched and connected; water outlets are respectively provided on both sides of the lower guide rail.

9. A tunnel ventilation and purification unit equipped with a self-cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An elastic connector is provided between the mounting column and the sliding wheel frame. The elastic connector is composed of elastic rubber and a compression spring. The sliding wheel frame and the mounting column are connected by the elastic rubber, and the compression spring is located inside the elastic rubber and abuts against the mounting column or the sliding wheel frame.

10. A control system for a tunnel ventilation and purification unit equipped with a self-cleaning device, characterized in that, The booster pump of the automatic cleaning device according to any one of claims 1-9 is controlled by a PLC to achieve precise regulation of constant water pressure and constant water volume; the start-up and stop of the pump and the working time are controlled by programming to achieve quantitative water output; and the device can adjust the start-up and stop pressure difference when the water pressure is below a certain range.

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